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54-454: Fort Lowell Union Church , located in the Old Fort Lowell neighborhood of Tucson , Arizona , was constructed in 1917 from mud adobe . It served as a religious, cultural, and social hub for the local ranching and farming community. The building, designed in a late Sonoran Transitional Territorial style is simple yet artistic and became a centerpiece in the historic area of Fort Lowell in

108-405: A will trust for the testator 's children and family, a pension trust (to confer benefits on employees and their families) and a charitable trust. In all cases, the trustee may be a person or company , whether or not they are a prospective beneficiary. Trustees have certain duties (some of which are fiduciary ). These include the duty to: The modern interpretation of fiduciary duty requires

162-592: A baseball game that year and are believed to have used the area fairly regularly for campouts, target practice etc. until about 1921, when Camp Lawton opened on Mount Lemmon. Within a few years, the Boy Scouts of Tucson became part of the Catalina Council of the Boy Scouts of America. As the years passed, the old fort traded hands a few times, at one point being under the control of the Arizona State Museum of

216-699: A board of trustees, though in those cases they act as a board of directors . In the case of UK charities , a trustee is a volunteer who undertakes fiduciary responsibilities on behalf of the charity, subject to the provisions of Charity Law, a branch of trust law, and the Charities Act 1993 . For charity trustees, the Charity Commission of England and Wales, Office of the Scottish Charity Regulator of Scotland and Voluntary Activity Unit of Northern Ireland often has concurrent jurisdiction with

270-525: A gathering place for religious and intellectual activities. During World War I , the church supported Red Cross lectures, contributing to the war effort by educating the public. In the 1930s, the church remained a vital part of the Fort Lowell community. Social events like Democratic rallies and fairs were held at the church, while local organizations, including the Palo Verde Mission Choir and

324-516: A judgment was rendered in favor of Jordan's group, allowing them to continue using the building for religious services. After World War II , additional changes were made to the building, including concrete block additions in the 1960s to accommodate the PAN American Literature Mission, which has continued to use the building as its headquarters. The church's role as a community hub persisted, with events such as Bundles for Britain,

378-571: A mayor, who is elected to manage village business in a similar function. In some states, a civil township may be administered by a trustee or a group of trustees; see Indiana Township Trustee for an example. In the United States, when a consumer or business files for bankruptcy all property belonging to the filer becomes property of a newly created entity, the " bankruptcy estate ". (See 11 U.S.C. § 541.) For all bankruptcies (consumer or business) filed under Chapter 7 , 12 or 13 of Title 11 of

432-457: A mud adobe western addition (c. 1920/25) for a hall and support rooms, and a plastered exterior with a front porch added after World War II . The church was completed and officially dedicated on June 24, 1917, with around 100 people in attendance. During the ceremony, Edward C. Clark offered a dedication prayer, and various clergy from Tucson churches, including Revs Clifford Binkhorst, Dixon, Comstock, and Purves, participated. John C. Daly, one of

486-543: A pivotal role during the Apache Wars , providing additional protection for the Tucson area. Far too large and well-manned to be attacked directly, Fort Lowell provided supplies and manpower for outlying military installations. During its eighteen years of operation, the fort averaged thirteen officers and 239 enlisted men. Among the units present during this period were the 2nd , 4th , 5th and 6th Cavalry Regiments , as well as

540-446: A protective structure. A lane lined with cottonwood trees, aptly named Cottonwood Lane, graced the area in front of the officers' houses. Among the more well known officers to have served at Fort Lowell were the young Walter Reed , the Army physician famous for his yellow fever research, and Charles Bendire , the amateur ornithologist after whom Bendire's thrasher is named. After

594-648: A simple rectangular adobe structure and minimal adornments. Its mud adobe construction, typical of Southwest mission churches, not only reflected the resourcefulness of early settlers but also symbolized the church's integration with the natural landscape and cultural history of the region. As a mission church, the Fort Lowell Union Church embodied a tradition of outreach and community service, supporting spiritual growth, education, and social cohesion in an isolated part of Tucson. It provided an inclusive, non-denominational space for worship, which allowed it to unify

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648-559: A steel tank manufacturing business on the site. In 2006, Jim Campbell, a local developer, purchased the property (known as the Adkins Parcel) and then traded the property to the City of Tucson. The City and County had been attempting to purchase the Adkins Parcel for over 30 years. In 2009, the city in association with Pima County created a Master Plan for the creation and development of what

702-514: A tornado as San Pedro Chapel ), which had been consecrated in 1916. The Union Church and the Catholic chapel, along with the 1913 Fort Lowell School, adobe houses, and a store, helped form the informal plaza known as El Fuerte. The church trustees included J.C. Daly, Franklin Ulrich, and E. C. H. Walker. The Fort Lowell Union Church was constructed from traditional mud adobe , a common building material in

756-451: A trustee is the holder of property on behalf of a beneficiary , the more expansive sense encompasses persons who serve, for example, on the board of trustees of an institution that operates for a charity, for the benefit of the general public, or a person in the local government. A trust can be set up either to benefit particular persons or for any charitable purposes (but not generally for non-charitable purposes): typical examples are

810-444: A trustee). This is an exception explicitly granted in the 1993 act The broadest sense of the term trustee applies to someone held to a fiduciary duty similar in some respects to that of a trustee proper. For example, the directors of a bank may be trustees for the depositors , directors of a corporation are trustees for the stockholders and a guardian is trustee of his ward's property. Many corporations call their governing board

864-517: A war relief organization, holding meetings there in the 1940s. The church was known for its simple yet artistic interior, the original color scheme of gray and green. The incorporation of elements like the bas-relief of the San Xavier Mission and the historic pulpit added to the church's cultural and spiritual significance. For over a century, the Fort Lowell Union Church has stood as a symbol of community, spirituality, and cultural continuity in

918-657: Is documented in his iconic book On the Road . "The Boy Scouts had a long connection to Fort Lowell," explained columnist David Leighton, in the Arizona Daily Star newspaper on Feb. 5, 2017: A couple years later, the Fort Lowell Boy Scouts troop, which was formed from boys in the neighborhood that had grown up around the old Ft. Lowell ruins, called El Fuerte and a farming community, populated by Mormons, farther west that came to be named Binghamton. The two troops played

972-452: Is incorporated as a CIO . The advantages and disadvantages of the different methods is a complicated matter. According to King and Philips, many of the advantages of incorporating as a CIO are obtained if the trustees are not individuals but a corporate entity. Depending on the state, a trustee is a member of the village board of trustees , which is a village's elected legislative body as outlined by local or state law. It can be composed of

1026-668: Is run by the Tucson Presidio Trust which also runs the Presidio San Agustín del Tucsón . Exhibits focus on military life on the Arizona frontier. The Fort Lowell Historic District is the neighborhood located on or near Fort Lowell. It is set aside as a historic district . Fort Lowell is the historical setting of the 1957–1958 syndicated Western television series , Boots and Saddles , starring John Pickard , Patrick McVey , and Gardner McKay . A reconstructed Fort Lowell

1080-416: The 1st , 8th , and 12th Infantry Regiments . The orientation of the post was set according to magnetic north. It featured a large parade grounds, officers' quarters, quartermaster and commissary storehouses, corrals , quarters for enlisted men as well as for married non-commissioned officers . The most prominent building on post was the hospital , the adobe remnants of which still stand under

1134-532: The El Fuerte Period. The small community of adobe houses would continue grow in the first two decades of the 20th century to include the El Callejón Fort Lowell School, and two churches, San Pedro Chapel and the Fort Lowell Union Church. These three civic building created the nexus of the village center and formed an informal plaza. In the 1930s Nan, Pete and Charles Bolsius rebuilt

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1188-595: The National Register of Historic Places or the City of Tucson Fort Lowell Historic Zone due to the timing of the original designations, which occurred decades ago. Since those designations, additional structures have been identified as having historical, architectural, or cultural significance, but they remain outside the official protections because the review processes at the time did not encompass more recent historical developments. The omission of these buildings highlights

1242-485: The University of Arizona . In 1945, with the assistance of prominent local rancher Carlos Ronstadt, the Boy Scouts bid and obtained 40 acres of the old ruins while preventing the land from falling into the hands of developers, who were rumored to have plans of constructing a subdivision where the ruins existed. A water system was put in place by the Boy Scouts and volunteers and three structures were acquired and donated to

1296-518: The debtor continues to manage the property of the bankruptcy estate, as " debtor in possession ", subject to replacement for cause with a trustee. Chapter 7 trustees in bankruptcy are chosen by the United States Trustee from a panel, and are known as panel trustees. Every judicial district has a permanent Chapter 13 trustee, known as a "standing trustee". As cases under Chapter 12 (for family farmers or fishermen) are filed fairly infrequently,

1350-404: The mayor and a set number of trustees and usually manages village property, finances, safety, health, comfort, and general welfare and leadership of the town (acting as a board of police or fire commissioners or a moderate income housing board, for example). Village board of trustees is comparable to but distinguished from city council or town council . Small villages have a trustee instead of

1404-562: The American Southwest and in Fort Lowell, known for its thermal insulation properties. The church featured a rectangular plan with a double front door facing south. The building's design included a pitched roof with exposed rafter tails, a prominent brick chimney on the west side, and double hung divided four light sash windows , on the east and west sides of the structure. Over time, the church underwent several modifications, including

1458-475: The Army decommissioned the post in 1891, the civilian occupied military reservation land was sold and private farms were reestablished along the Rillito River . Mexican families from Sonora soon moved north to take advantage of the "free" repurposed fort housing and framing jobs. In the early 20th century the small village continued to grow west of the ruins of the old fort. This occupation has become known as

1512-455: The Fort Lowell Union Church was conceived as a community-oriented mission church, embodying the ideals of service, outreach, and unity in a rural frontier setting. Edward C. Clark, the church's founder, was deeply influenced by the missionary principles of Christian service, and he sought to provide a place of worship for the diverse population of the Fort Lowell area, which included Anglo, Hispanic, and Native American residents. His dedication to

1566-560: The Fort Lowell neighborhood. From its inception as a small adobe chapel to its ongoing use by the PAN American Literature Mission, the church remains a testament to the enduring spirit of the community that built it. Fort Lowell The Post of Tucson was established May 20, 1862, after the California Column drove Confederate forces from the area. The post was abandoned in July 1864 and reestablished in July 1865. On August 29, 1866,

1620-567: The Homemakers Club, used the space for their meetings. The Fort Lowell Union Church is an example of a mission church in the tradition of the American Southwest. This tradition dates back to the Spanish colonization of the region, when missionaries established adobe churches to serve both indigenous populations and settlers in remote areas. Drawing inspiration from this historical precedent,

1674-689: The United States Code (the Bankruptcy Code), a trustee (the " trustee in bankruptcy " or TIB) is appointed by the United States Trustee , an officer of the Department of Justice that is charged with ensuring the integrity of the bankruptcy system and with representatives in each court, to manage the property of the bankruptcy estate, including bringing actions to avoid pre-bankruptcy transfers of property. In bankruptcies filed under Chapter 11 ,

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1728-403: The area, reviewing changes to properties within the zone to maintain historical accuracy. The zone includes numerous other building and cultural assets including vernacular Sonoran adobe architecture and homes designed by Charles Bolsius , and Veronica Hughart . Some of the houses and buildings include: Several important historic buildings within the Fort Lowell area were not included in either

1782-582: The buildings listed National Register of Historic Places , the City of Tucson established the Fort Lowell Historic Zone as a zoning overlay in 1981 to preserve the cultural and historical integrity of the Fort Lowell area. The zoning overlay provides protections for historically significant buildings, ruins, and landscapes, preventing inappropriate alterations and encouraging preservation efforts. The Fort Lowell Historic Zone Advisory Board, composed of local stakeholders and preservationists, oversees

1836-482: The community in a way that transcended religious divides. This inclusive mission became central to the church's identity as a social center and spiritual hub for the community throughout the 20th century, a role it continues to play in the Old Fort Lowell neighborhood. By embracing the mission church tradition, the Fort Lowell Union Church not only maintained the spiritual values associated with early missionary work in

1890-564: The consideration of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors as these are long-term investment value drivers. When evaluating whether or not an institutional investor has delivered on its fiduciary duties, both the outcomes achieved and the process followed are of critical importance. The terms of the instrument that creates the trust may narrow or expand these duties—but in most instances, they cannot be eliminated completely. Corporate trustees, typically trust departments at large banks, often have very narrow duties, limited to those

1944-506: The construction. On April 1, 1917, construction of the small adobe chapel began. The property was donated by J. Knox Corbett, a prominent local figure who owned the nearby farm, and the funds to build the church were raised by the local community. The original church building measured 20 x 40 feet and faced south, with its entrance directed toward the Roman Catholic Chapel of Rillito (San Angel de la Guarda Chapel) (later rebuilt after

1998-538: The courts. Many UK charities are also limited liability companies registered with Companies House , in this case the trustees are also directors of the company and their liability is limited. This is the preferred model if the charity owns property or employs people. The law on this in England changed considerably with the Charities Act of 2006. An account of the main changes can be found in "Charities Act 2006: A guide to

2052-803: The crumbling adobe ruin of the Post Traders Store making it their home and studio. Through the 1940s a number of other artists moved into the Fort Lowell area establishing a burgeoning artist colony. Significant artists and intellectuals built homes and lived in the area including: René Cheruy and Germaine Cheruy , Win Ellis, modernist painter Jack Maul , sculptor and designer Giorgio Belloli, Charles Bode, architectural designer Veronica Hughart , anthropologists Edward H. Spicer and Rosamond Spicer , photographer Hazel Larson Archer and weaver Ruth Brown. The artist colony attracted writers and poets including beat generation Alan Harrington and Jack Kerouac whose visit

2106-493: The early to mid 20th century , fostering community engagement and spiritual growth for over a century. The idea for the Fort Lowell Union Church was spearheaded by Edward C. Clark, an Anglican lay reader at Grace Episcopal Church and associated with St. Luke's Home. Clark envisioned creating a community church (part of the Community Church movement ) in the rural Fort Lowell area, and by 1916, he had raised $ 1,000 to begin

2160-647: The evolving nature of historic preservation and underscores the need for ongoing efforts to update and expand protective designations as new historic contexts emerge. While these buildings are not currently protected by the same regulations as those within the official zones, many continue to play a key role in maintaining the neighborhood’s historical ambiance and cultural significance. Structures and plaques located in Fort Lowell Park. Trustees Sections Contest Property disposition Common types Other types Governing doctrines Trustee (or

2214-403: The holding of a trusteeship ) is a legal term which, in its broadest sense, is a synonym for anyone in a position of trust and so can refer to any individual who holds property, authority, or a position of trust or responsibility for the benefit of another. A trustee can also be a person who is allowed to do certain tasks but not able to gain income. Although in the strictest sense of the term

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2268-632: The mission of the church was symbolized by the bas-relief of the San Xavier Mission donated by trustee John C. Daly at the church's dedication in 1917. This relief connected the new church to the long tradition of missionary work in the Southwest, epitomized by the San Xavier del Bac Mission, a key spiritual and cultural landmark in the Tucson area. The Fort Lowell Union Church followed the undemonstrative architecture typical of early mission churches, with

2322-491: The new law" by Michael King and Ann Phillips . One of the key changes made was that it introduced the Charitable Incorporated Organisation which is basically a limited liability charity. There are thus now two main aspects of corporate management of charities. One is the traditional way in which a corporation is a corporate trustee of a given charity. The second is the new way, in which the charity itself

2376-480: The post was renamed Camp Lowell in honor of General Charles Russell Lowell , who died from wounds sustained during the Battle of Cedar Creek . Initially located on the east side of Sixth Avenue, between Twelfth and Fourteenth Streets, the post was moved for sanitary reasons to a location about 7 miles (11 km) east of town on March 31, 1873. The post's name was changed to Fort Lowell on April 5, 1879. The fort played

2430-400: The public as a museum. However, high levels of lead paint were found and the buildings were not opened. On the north end of the former Adkins parcel stands a pile of large stones that, according to local lore, formed a wall of the guardhouse in which Geronimo was kept prior to his removal from Arizona. The Fort Lowell Museum is located in the reconstructed Commanding Officer's quarters and

2484-599: The region but also adapted these values to meet the needs of a modern, growing community in Tucson. In June 1933, a Fort Lowell Union Church was officially incorporated. Trustees at the time included George W. Royer, L.E. Brown, W.J. Lusby, F.W. Jordan, and J.C. Daly. However, the church faced a legal dispute between Daly and Jordan regarding control over the building. The case, which was heard by Judge Fred Fickett in Superior Court, revolved around ownership rights, with Daly seeking an injunction against Jordan. In January 1934,

2538-564: The site. One of the structures was used as the Ft. Lowell Training Center and another structure as the Ranger Station. In 1953, the scouts obtained the funds to have a roof built over the remains of the post hospital that still exists today, constructed a rail fence around the hospital ruins which was later replaced by a chain link fence and put up a flagpole just to the south of the remains. While many successful scout events took place there, by 1957 it

2592-477: The terms of a lease) in excess of the trust property they hold, then they may find themselves personally liable for the excess. Trustees are generally held to a "prudent person" standard in regard to meeting their fiduciary responsibilities, though investment, legal, and other professionals can, in some jurisdictions, be held to a higher standard commensurate with their higher expertise. -Trustees can be paid for their time and trouble in performing their duties only if

2646-424: The trust indenture explicitly defines. A trustee carries the fiduciary responsibility and liability to use the trust assets according to the provisions of the trust instrument (and often regardless of their own or the beneficiaries' wishes). The trustee may find himself liable to claimants , prospective beneficiaries, or third parties. If a trustee incurs a liability (for example, in litigation , for taxes, or under

2700-422: The trust specifically provides for payment. It is common for lawyers to draft will trusts so as to permit such payment, and to take office accordingly: this may be an unnecessary expense for small estates. In an exception to the duties outlined above, sabbatical officers of students' unions who are also trustees of these organisations they work for do have the right to a salary (and hence profit from their being

2754-404: The trustees, donated a bas-relief of the San Xavier Mission, symbolizing the missionary principle. The pulpit used during services was a historic piece, having been gifted by the congregation of the old Congregational Church in Tucson. The Fort Lowell Union Church quickly became a social center for the local community. It hosted musical programs, lectures, and events, organized by Clark, and became

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2808-661: Was featured in the 1972 film Ulzana's Raid , starring Burt Lancaster . However, the reconstructed fort was actually built in an area just southwest of the Santa Rita Mountains , near Nogales , Arizona. Fort Lowell Park and the ruins within the property were listed in the National Register of Historic Places on December 13, 1978. Other properties, which belong to the park or which in the past belonged to Fort Lowell, are individually listed in National Register of Historic Places and include Inclusive and more expansive of

2862-472: Was realized that the Boy Scouts didn't have enough money to maintain the site and sold it to Pima County that year. The fort lay in ruins for many years and many of its adobe structures went into disrepair. Some of the portions of the fort were sold to the families in Tucson. Among the families which acquired in 1928, large portions where the fort was situated was the Adkins family. The Adkins family established

2916-524: Was to become the Fort Lowell Park. The park features ball fields, tennis and racquetball courts, a large public swimming pool, and the Fort Lowell Museum dedicated to Fort Lowell's days as an active military installation. Fort Lowell also includes a large pond. The Adkins Parcel that Tucson purchased from Jim Campbell lies immediately west of Craycroft Road where the last of the original officers' quarters stand. Plans indicated that they would be open to

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