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40-489: Flatbush Avenue, including the extension, is 9.9 miles (15.9 km) long. The avenue is a four-lane street throughout the majority of its run. North of Atlantic Avenue and south of Utica Avenue , it is a six-lane-wide median-divided street. The diagonal path of Flatbush Avenue creates a unique street pattern in every neighborhood it touches. It is the central artery of the borough, carrying traffic to and from Manhattan past landmarks such as MetroTech Center , City Point ,

80-584: A multitude of churches, many of them dating from prior to the Civil War . Some have been converted for residential use. In the northeast corner of the neighborhood, located partially in the Historic District, was University Hospital of Brooklyn at Long Island College Hospital , which was founded by German immigrants in 1857. It began a school of medicine, the Long Island College of Medicine , in 1850;

120-629: A naval hospital. Cobble Hill was again fortified for the War of 1812 , and was then called "Fort Swift". In 1834, the Village of Brooklyn  – chartered in 1816 and primarily made up of present-day Brooklyn Heights – became a city and soon expanded south beyond Atlantic Street (now Atlantic Avenue) to include South Brooklyn . Until the establishment of the South Ferry , which connected Atlantic Avenue to Manhattan's Whitehall Street in 1836, South Brooklyn

160-453: A row house with a large backyard, albeit on a narrow lot. This provoked an influx of new residents from Manhattan. Philanthropist Alfred Tredway White built two experimental housing projects in the neighborhood. These were the Romanesque revival "Towers" and "Home" buildings (now collectively known as Cobble Hill Towers ), at 417–435 and 439-45 Hicks Street, meant as affordable housing for

200-455: A supermarket chain. The mansions were demolished, and in the 1960s the corporation planned to build a supermarket on the site, a proposition which was opposed by the Cobble Hill community, which felt the need for a park for the neighborhood. Bohack sold the site to developers in 1962, who planned to build a low-rise apartment building. The community collected signatures and successfully petitioned

240-520: Is available at the Bergen Street station on the IND Culver Line ( F , <F> , and ​ G trains). The B61 and B63 (Atlantic Avenue) and B57 (Court Street) bus routes also serve the area. In June 2017, NYC Ferry 's South Brooklyn route started stopping at Brooklyn Bridge Park Pier 6 on the border of Cobble Hill and Brooklyn Heights. There are plans to build

280-527: Is the site of the Atlantic Antic , an annual street fair involving local and visiting merchants and artists, held in early October. At Flatbush Avenue and Fourth Avenue the crossing of the three major thoroughfares form a triangular intersection historically known as Times Plaza . Here the smaller shops, restaurants, churches and boutiques give way to the Atlantic Terminal , where subway services at

320-714: The Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center station converge with the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR). The area is dominated by massive buildings, formerly factories, now used by storage companies, and by the Atlantic Center Mall (opened in 1996, with tenants including P.C. Richard & Son and Modell's ), Atlantic Terminal Mall (opened in 2004, with tenants including Target ) and Barclays Center . All three are products of developer Forest City Ratner . The face of Atlantic Avenue east of Flatbush Avenue,

360-538: The Battle of Long Island . For much of the 19th century, it had a plank road run by a turnpike company. Historic homes line the neighborhoods around the avenue, which in the late 1920s was straightened to its current form. Streets such as Amersfort Place that are remnants of old parts of the avenue remain in the city grid as an echo of the past. Flatbush Avenue is served by the following MTA Regional Bus Operations routes: A dedicated bus lane corridor on Flatbush Avenue

400-519: The East River all the way to Jamaica, Queens . Atlantic Avenue runs parallel to Fulton Street for much of its course through Brooklyn, where it serves as a border between the neighborhoods of Prospect Heights and Fort Greene and between Bedford-Stuyvesant and Crown Heights , and between Brooklyn Heights and Cobble Hill . This stretch of avenue is known for having a high rate of pedestrian fatalities and has been described as "the killing fields of

440-737: The French Mannerist style . Dudley Memorial, designed by William Hough was built in 1902. Other buildings were designed by D. Everett Waid and William Higginson. Further expansion took place in the modern era, with buildings raised in 1963, 1974, 1984, and 1988. The hospital was the sixth largest in Brooklyn. After the closure of Long Island College Hospital in August 2014, a freestanding emergency department—NYU Cobble Hill, part of NYU Langone Medical Center —opened in October 2014. The hospital plans to replace

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480-1154: The Fulton Mall , Junior's , Long Island University Brooklyn , the Brooklyn Academy of Music , the Long Island Rail Road 's Atlantic Terminal , the Barclays Center , Grand Army Plaza , the Brooklyn Public Library , the Brooklyn Botanic Garden , Prospect Park , Erasmus Hall High School , Kings Theatre , Brooklyn College , and Floyd Bennett Field . Flatbush Avenue is the border of Prospect Heights / Park Slope and many other neighborhoods. Other main Brooklyn thoroughfares start at Flatbush Avenue, including Ocean Avenue and Empire Boulevard (both at Willink Plaza ), Linden Boulevard , Eastern Parkway , and Utica Avenue. Prior to European settlement, several Native American trails crossed Brooklyn. These were later widened into "ferry roads" by 17th-century Dutch settlers, since they were used to provide transport to

520-850: The LIRR Main Line within Nassau County. A stretch of road still named Atlantic Avenue, just under one mile long, runs just south of the Main Line from the Bellerose station to the Floral Park station. Just north of the Merillon Avenue train station in Garden City is another short roadway called Atlantic Avenue. Other short segments of roadway called Atlantic Avenue exist adjacent to the Main Line at Carle Place in Nassau County, and even as far east as

560-622: The New York City borough of Brooklyn . A small neighborhood comprising 40 blocks, Cobble Hill sits adjacent to Brooklyn Heights to the north, Boerum Hill to the east, Carroll Gardens to the south, and the Columbia Street Waterfront District to the west. It is bounded by Atlantic Avenue (north), Court Street (east), Degraw Street (south) and the Brooklyn Queens Expressway (west). Other sources add to

600-485: The New York City Fire Department 's Engine Company 206 and Ladder Company 108, located in nearby Carroll Gardens . Cobble Hill – which was named after the conical shaped hill called "Cobleshill" or "Ponkiesbergh", located where the current intersection of Atlantic Avenue , Pacific Street, and Court Street now lies – was originally settled during the 1640s by Dutch farmers when Willem Kieft ,

640-579: The 1840s, and the tunnel was built to avoid the trains' need to climb a steep hill. The tunnel is now abandoned, but originally ran from Times Plaza to the Ferry Terminal . The brick-lined vaulted tunnel is 17 feet (5.2 m) high by 21 feet (6.4 m) wide and 1,611 feet (491 m) long. Walt Whitman , the poet and editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle , said the tunnel was "a passage of solemnity and darkness". New York City Subway service

680-516: The Middle East; some low-rise apartment buildings were constructed prior to the 1920s. After a period of relative quiet, by 1950, brownstones were being rejuvenated and the neighborhood began to experience a renaissance, leading to the revival of the "Cobble Hill" name, perhaps engendered by a real estate agent who saw the name "Cobles Hill" on a 1766 map and updated it. Organized community groups fought against large housing projects, and prevailed on

720-715: The NYLPC, the Cobble Hill Historic District is an "unusually fine 19th century residential area" and "retains an aura of the past with its charming streets and architecture". The Cobble Hill Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. Today on the two main commercial streets – Court and Smith Streets – generations-old family-run stores and businesses such as Italian meat markets and barber shops sit side by side with trendy new shops, restaurants, and cafes. Atlantic Avenue,

760-638: The Van Wyck Expressway and 95th Avenue opened in July 2020 as part of the $ 17 million Gateway Park project. Atlantic Avenue from the Brooklyn Docks to Gateway Park at Van Wyck Expressway is 10.3 miles long, with 7.4 miles in Brooklyn, making it one of Brooklyn's longest streets. Pre-electrification maps from 1909 and 1910 show Atlantic Avenue, at that time, continued to the city line. Short roadways still named Atlantic Avenue exist further east adjacent to

800-597: The approach to the Nassau-Suffolk County line, just beyond the Farmingdale LIRR station . There is a four-block-long Atlantic Avenue in Sea Gate, Brooklyn . Atlantic Avenue is served by the following: Cobble Hill, Brooklyn 40°41′17.5″N 73°59′45.4″W  /  40.688194°N 73.995944°W  / 40.688194; -73.995944 Cobble Hill is a neighborhood in the northwestern portion of

840-499: The area of Atlantic nearest the South Ferry waterfront has long been known for its antique shops and its notable Arab community, including mosques, specialty shops and restaurants specializing in Middle Eastern cuisine . As it stretches east toward Flatbush Avenue , Atlantic separates the neighborhoods of Brooklyn Heights and Cobble Hill and passes through Boerum Hill near Downtown Brooklyn . This section of Atlantic Avenue

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880-730: The city to create a park. The city bought the property in 1963 and the park was dedicated in 1965. It was reconstructed in 1989, winning the 1988 Annual Award for Excellence in Design from the Art Commission and the Parks Council's Philip Winslow Award for Public Projects in 1990, the first time it was awarded. The new design reflected the 19th-century brick-and-stone character of the tree-lined neighborhood. Though there are no public libraries in Cobble Hill itself, Brooklyn Public Library (BPL) operates two branches nearby: The neighborhood has

920-587: The city to make the area an historic district . The historic district – first designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (NYLPC) on December 20, 1969 and extended on June 7, 1988,  – is roughly bordered by Atlantic Avenue to the north, Court Street to the east, Degraw Street to the south, and Hicks Street to the west, with a "bite" removed from the northeast corner of that rectangle. Its area measures approximately twenty-two city blocks. According to

960-603: The city." Atlantic Avenue is the sole east–west through truck route across Brooklyn, mostly serving the purpose of the canceled Bushwick Expressway ( Interstate 78 ) and the Brooklyn portion of the Cross Brooklyn Expressway ( New York State Route 878 , internally known as Interstate 878). The street connects to the existing segment of NY 878 via Conduit Boulevard , which splits from Atlantic Avenue in Brooklyn and connects to NY 878 in Queens. In Brooklyn,

1000-576: The corridor in the late 2000s, Smith Street became an upscale weekend nightlife destination. Cobble Hill Park , on Clinton Street between Verandah Place and Congress Street, was created in 1965. The site had been the location of two mansions (the Weber and Whitten Mansions) and the Second Unitarian Church, which was abandoned by the 1940s, when the site was purchased by the Bohack Corporation,

1040-586: The director of New Netherland , granted patents in the area. The hill was used as a fort – known as "Cobble Hill Fort", "Smith's Barbette", or "Corkscrew Fort" – during the American War of Independence ; the British cut off the top of the hill during their occupation, so it could not be used to look down on their headquarters in Brooklyn Heights. They also seized the estate of Philip Livingston for use as

1080-468: The existing facility with a new ambulatory care center and freestanding emergency department at the site, estimated to cost $ 200 million. The Cobble Hill Tunnel, under Atlantic Avenue, was built in 1844 to replace the railroad tracks that ran down the middle of Atlantic Avenue as part of the Atlantic Avenue Railroad . Trains used these tracks to transport goods to and from the waterfront during

1120-516: The first builder of low rent/low profit housing in the United States. His philosophy was "Philanthropy plus 5%". Beginning in the 1840s and progressing into the 1870s, wealthier Manhattanites, including bankers and merchants, began to move to various parts of Brooklyn, including Cobble Hill. By 1880, the population of the area was solidly upper-middle class and the cost of houses had almost equaled those in Brooklyn Heights, of which Cobble Hill

1160-460: The neighborhood a rectangle bounded by Wyckoff Street on the north, Hoyt Street on the east, Degraw Street on the south, and Court Street on the west. Through its early history, the area now called "Cobble Hill" was considered to be part of South Brooklyn , Red Hook , or simply the Sixth Ward, or as part of Brooklyn Heights . The current name, a revival of a name which had died out by the 1880s,

1200-416: The neighborhood was nearly completed by 1860; none of the farm houses from the neighborhood's rural period are extant. According to the 1840 tax list and street directory, the neighborhood of present-day Cobble Hill contained 45 houses and 112 residents. Although this housing boom caused prices to rise, in 1850 it was still possible for a clerk to pay rent of $ 200 a year (equivalent to $ 6,146 in 2019) for

1240-407: The northern border of the neighborhood, features one of New York City's largest collections of Middle-Eastern shops, some of which have been there for decades. The northern part of Smith Street is known as Brooklyn's "Restaurant Row" due to the large number of eateries and watering holes that opened on the street during the late 1990s and early 2000s. With a second blossoming of specialized bars along

Flatbush Avenue - Misplaced Pages Continue

1280-424: The school became a separate institution in 1930, and since 1954 was the primary teaching affiliate of SUNY Downstate Medical Center . The first private bacteriological laboratory in the United States, Hoagland Laboratory, was built in 1888 at 335 Henry Street, but was destroyed by fire and is no longer extant. The Polhemus Building, now Polhemus Memorial Clinic, was built in 1897 and was designed by Marshall Emery in

1320-582: The site designated for the Brooklyn Atlantic Yards , is defined by the LIRR tracks that run beneath (from Flatbush Avenue to Bedford Avenue ), above (from Bedford Avenue to Dewey Place), and beneath again in East New York until Lefferts Boulevard in Queens. The Atlantic Avenue Railroad (now LIRR) originally ran along Atlantic Avenue as streetcars pulled by horses. With electrification , other traffic

1360-534: The waterfront. One was the Flatbush Road, running roughly north–south to the east of the path of present-day Flatbush Avenue. The road ran roughly along what is now the eastern edge of Prospect Park and taking advantage of a low point in the Heights of Guan that form the spine of Long Island . A monument beside the former Flatbush Road, now inside the park, commemorates an attempt to block the road at Battle Pass during

1400-645: The working class, with adequate light and air for all; and the " Workingman's Cottages " of Warren Place, a one block mews from Warren Street to Baltic Street between Henry and Hicks Streets, which was two rows of narrow single family houses (11 feet (3.4 m) wide) built around a private courtyard. These were intended for slightly more upscale workers. All were built on adjoining lots in 1876 and were designed by William Field & Son ; they were restored in 1986 by Maitland, Strauss & Behr . With these projects, which served Native Americans , Irish , Swedes , Norwegians , English , and German workmen, White became

1440-476: Was adopted in 1959. Much of the neighborhood, which has "one of the city's finest collections of nineteenth-century houses", is included in the Cobble Hill Historic District . Cobble Hill is part of Brooklyn Community District 6 and its ZIP Codes are 11201 and 11231. It is served by the 76th Precinct of the New York City Police Department at 191 Union Street. Fire services are provided by

1480-554: Was an outgrowth. The Cobble Hill Historic District Designation Report lists the architecture of the neighborhood as including many rowhouses in the Greek Revival and Italianate styles and their offshoots, but also examples of the Romanesque Revival , Gothic Revival , Queen Anne , French Second Empire , and neo-Grec styles. The 20th century saw an influx of immigrants into the neighborhood from Ireland, Italy, and

1520-573: Was eliminated from the roadway and Atlantic Avenue became discontinuous. When railway sections west of Jamaica station were put underground in the early 1940s, that portion of Atlantic Avenue became continuous again. Northeast of Bedford Avenue , the railway is still at (or above) ground level. Just east of the Van Wyck Expressway , the roadway narrows to one lane and carries eastbound traffic only to 95th Avenue (westbound traffic diverges to 94th Avenue past this point). The one-block section between

1560-496: Was primarily rural. After that time, with the guidelines for a gridiron street pattern already established in 1834, the area developed rapidly. New streets were being laid progressively, and with the development of new buildings – which started nearer to the waterfront and moved inward  – the rural community slowly started changing into a middle-class suburban residential community dominated by small rows of houses, which began to be built as early as 1835. The transformation of

1600-471: Was proposed in 2022; at the time, the B41 route traveled at an average speed of 6.5 miles per hour (10.5 km/h). Work on the bus lanes began in 2024. Flatbush Avenue is served by the following New York City Subway stations: Atlantic Avenue (New York City) Atlantic Avenue is a major thoroughfare in the New York City boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens . It stretches from the Brooklyn waterfront on

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