East Oakland is a geographical region of Oakland, California, United States , that stretches between Lake Merritt in the northwest and San Leandro in the southeast. As the southeastern portion of the city, East Oakland takes up the largest portion of the city's land area.
87-590: Fitchburg may refer to: Places in the United States of America [ edit ] Fitchburg, California Fitchburg, Kentucky Fitchburg, Massachusetts Fitchburg, Michigan Fitchburg, Wisconsin Transportation [ edit ] Fitchburg Railroad , a former railroad in Massachusetts Fitchburg Line , a rail service using part of
174-708: A decrease in their populations by 24% and 16% respectively. Nonetheless, African Americans predominate in East Oakland, where they represent over 54% of East Oakland's residents. The deep east side has a population of roughly 15,000 residents and is 63% African American thus maintaining the highest concentration of African Americans in Northern California and the highest concentration of African Americans in California outside of Los Angeles . The Foothill Square neighborhood in East Oakland, located off of MacArthur Blvd., has
261-476: A former San Leandro Unified School District superintendent. San Leandro High School's nighttime football games are still played there. Student enrollment declined in San Leandro and statewide in the late 1970s through the mid 1980s. In California, public schools receive their financing from the state based on the number of students. As a result of declining enrollment and corresponding decreases in state funds, both
348-437: A higher risk for diabetes, obesity, and other health problems. YPAR 2.0 is a method of conducting research done by the youth in the community to try and address the problems they and their families face. By going across East Oakland and classifying it as a food desert and critiquing the limited access to healthy food, they pushed for liquor and corner stores to have fresh produce and nutritious staple foods visible and affordable to
435-589: A lower life expectancy, relative to nearby neighborhoods like Alameda County, approximating 72 years. Amongst the heavily populated races present within Oakland , Hispanics lead in life expectancy, averaging 82 years. African Americans and Whites typically average 67–68 years within Oakland, while Asians live nearly 78 years. Conversely, there is a high all-cause mortality rate amongst the East Oakland community, leading in cancer, stroke, heart disease, and homicide death rates. It
522-537: A number of suburban cities built in the post–World War II era of California to have restrictive covenants , which barred property owners in the city from selling properties to African Americans and other minorities. As a result of the covenant, In 1960, the city was almost entirely white (99.3%), while its neighbor city of Oakland had a large African American population. The United States Supreme Court , in Shelley v. Kraemer , later declared such covenants unenforceable by
609-520: A population of 84,950. The population density was 5,423.8 inhabitants per square mile (2,094.1/km ). The racial makeup of San Leandro was 31,946 (37.6%) White , 10,437 (12.3%) African American , 669 (0.8%) Native American , 25,206 (29.7%) Asian , 642 (0.8%) Pacific Islander , 11,295 (13.3%) from other races , and 4,755 (5.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23,237 persons (27.4%). Non-Hispanic Whites numbered 20,004 (23.5%). The Census reported that 84,300 people (99.2% of
696-442: Is $ 16,800, whereas non-enrolled Hispanics receive a median annual income of $ 19,200. The average family household enrolled in health insurance amongst Hispanics is approximately 4-6 people. Along with the socioeconomic disparities that people in East Oakland face, is the issue of food scarcity. East Oakland is considered a food desert because of the lack of access to affordable, healthy, fresh food. Some studies have found that food
783-750: Is a city in Alameda County, California , United States. It is located in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area ; between Oakland to the northwest, and Ashland , Castro Valley , and Hayward to the southeast. The population was 91,008 as of the 2020 census. The first inhabitants of the geographic region that would eventually become San Leandro were the ancestors of the Ohlone people , who arrived sometime between 3500 and 2500 BC. The Spanish settlers called these natives Costeños , or 'coast people,' and
870-847: Is a greater onset of chronic diseases, accounting for 64% of deaths primarily in cancer, heart diseases, Alzheimer's, stroke, and respiratory diseases. As an effort to improve these existing conditions, East Oakland has become one of 14 different site across the state of California to participate in a 10-year comprehensive community initiative dedicated to improving and supporting a healthy community through active collaborations among youths, residents, and community partners within three Action Teams: Health Happens in Schools, Health Happens in Neighborhoods and Health Happens through Culture, Arts, Storytelling & Healing. Adults in East Oakland are more likely to visit emergency rooms than go to doctor's visits within
957-408: Is also a diverse Asian population, including Chinese, Vietnamese, Lao, and other southeast Asian ethnic groups generally inhabit the area of East Oakland closest to downtown, from Chinatown east to San Antonio . Asians make up smaller percentage of only 4% of the population, but between 1990 and 2000 saw an increase of 13%. Between 1990 and 2000 both the white and black population of East Oakland saw
SECTION 10
#17328452365581044-490: Is at fair or poor health, relative to Alameda County 's 15% and California's 16%. Similar patterns are also prevalent in children ages 0–17, with approximately 48% of children diagnosed with obesity, compared to 29% within the state of California. 13% of children in East Oakland also experience fair or poor health, a rate much higher than that of California (7%) or Alameda County (5%). Amongst older adults, due to increases in disabilities (accounting for 42% of disabilities), there
1131-537: Is contaminated in many of the locales of the lower elevation of the city. Contamination by gasoline , volatile organic compounds and some heavy metals has been recorded in a number of these lower-elevation areas. The trace of the Hayward Fault passes under Foothill Boulevard in San Leandro. Follow the link in the reference to see a series of photos of the fault cutting the asphalt between 1979 and 1987. The 2010 United States Census reported that San Leandro had
1218-411: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Fitchburg, California The area is a major hub of Northern California's black community, with over 50% of East Oakland's inhabitants being black. According to figures from a 2000 U.S. Census , over 87,000 people reside in the East Oakland area. East Oakland stretches between Lake Merritt in
1305-406: Is found that communities and families of lower socioeconomic status typically experience higher mortality rates and lower survival rates compared to those from higher socioeconomic status. East Oakland displays a significantly higher rate of common health conditions, with residents cumulatively experiencing 32% obesity, compared to 21% amongst all of California. Nearly 32% of adults in the community
1392-690: Is home to many corporate businesses, such as Ghirardelli , OSIsoft , 21st Amendment Brewery , Begier Buick, and a Coca-Cola plant. Maxwell House operated a coffee roasting plant, where the Yuban brand was produced from 1949 until 2015, when it was closed as part of a cost-cutting plan instituted by parent company Kraft Foods . The city has five major shopping centers: the Bayfair Center , Westgate Center, Greenhouse Shopping Center, Marina Square Center, and Pelton Plaza. Lucky 's flagship store opened in San Leandro. Under San Leandro Mayor Stephen H. Cassidy ,
1479-484: Is named after the civil rights leader Fred T. Korematsu, who had many connections to San Leandro and lived close to the city. In 2018, the California State Department of Education selected James Madison Elementary as one of 21 elementary schools across Alameda County, and the only school in San Leandro, as a 2018 California Distinguished School. San Leandro High School is home to such academic programs as
1566-679: Is part of the San Leandro Shoreline Recreation Area. In addition to Marina Park, the City of San Leandro maintains and services 16 other parks throughout the city, all of which are available for use by residents and visitors alike. The Department of Recreation and Human Services for the City of San Leandro also staffs and maintains the Marina Community Center, the San Leandro Senior Community Center and
1653-681: Is served by the Interstate 880 , 580 and 238 freeways connecting to other parts of the Bay Area. East 14th Street ( SR-185 ) is a major thoroughfare in downtown and continues towards East Oakland and Hayward. Davis Street is also another major street that intersects East 14th Street in downtown before heading towards the San Francisco Bay. Public transportation is provided by the Bay Area Rapid Transit BART District with
1740-520: The Economic Development Administration (EDA) declared that they would no longer fund large businesses or facilities but rather focus on creating jobs for the unemployed and poor, which in Oakland meant the ethnic minorities. A few years later, in 1978, California passes Proposition 13 which limited the addition of new or increased property taxes and protected property owners against inflation driven increases in assessed valuation. When
1827-784: The John George Psychiatric Pavilion , is located nearby in San Leandro. Fairmont Hospital, also located close by, is an Acute Rehabilitation, Neuro-Respiratoy and HIV care center. San Leandro Hospital is the city's full service hospital. Also present within the city are Kindred Hospital – San Francisco Bay Area , a long-term acute care facility , and the sub-acute unit of the nursing home care facility, Providence Group, Inc's All Saint's Subacute. A Kaiser Permanente Medical Center opened in June 2014, providing Emergency Medical Services . The San Leandro Marina, which contains group picnic areas and trails, as well as docking facilities,
SECTION 20
#17328452365581914-738: The Key System 's streetcars, the Elmhurst Carhouse. Chevrolet opened an auto assembly plant in Elmhurst in 1915, which shut down in the 1960s. Located near the Oakland International Airport . The main streets are 98th Avenue and Edes Avenue. The Brookfield District is located from 85th Avenue to 98th Avenue. Brookfield Village stops at the Union Pacific (formerly Southern Pacific ) train tracks after Railroad Avenue. Brookfield Village
2001-665: The Oakland Zoo , the Oakland Coliseum and Oakland Arena . East Oakland is a section of Oakland that has experienced many changes to its population as the West attracted immigrants in search of employment. Oakland was declared a city in 1852 where it was prominently populated by people who made it to the west during the Gold Rush. The dominant races that had relocated to the East Bay during
2088-595: The San Leandro and Bayfair stations serving the city. San Leandro LINKS provides free bus shuttle service for the western part of the city to the San Leandro BART station and AC Transit is the local bus provider for the city. A senior-oriented local bus service, Flex Shuttle, also operates within the city, as does East Bay Paratransit, which provides shuttle type transportation to residents with disabilities. The Alameda County Medical Center 's psychiatric hospital,
2175-517: The county seat of Alameda County , but the county courthouse was destroyed there by the devastating 1868 quake on the Hayward Fault . The county seat was then re-established in the town of Brooklyn (now part of Oakland) in 1872. During the American Civil War , San Leandro and its neighbor, Brooklyn, fielded a California militia company , the Brooklyn Guard . San Leandro was one of
2262-515: The Business Academy, Social Justice Academy, and San Leandro Academy of Multimedia (SLAM). One of the award-winning national programs located in San Leandro is Distributed Education Clubs of America (DECA), an association for marketing students. In 2007, six students from San Leandro High School won in their competitive events and won a slot to compete in Orlando, Florida, on April 27, 2007. In 2018,
2349-538: The City of San Leandro with only 1 high school instead of 3. In 1989, the San Leandro school district sold the property on which Pacific High School was located and the site was developed into the Marina Square Shopping Center. The school's adjacent football field, Burrell Field, and baseball fields were retained. In 2012, the voters of San Leandro approved the Measure M $ 50 million construction bond for
2436-612: The College Board Advanced Placement named the San Leandro Unified School District a District of the Year for being the national leader among medium-sized school districts in expanding access to Advanced Placement Program (AP) courses while simultaneously improving AP Exam performance. The San Leandro Unified School District was one of 447 school districts across the U.S. and Canada that achieved placement on
2523-796: The English-speaking settlers called them Costanoans . San Leandro was first visited by Europeans on March 20, 1772, by Spanish soldier Captain Pedro Fages and the Spanish Catholic priest Father Crespi. San Leandro is located on the Rancho San Leandro and Rancho San Antonio Mexican land grants . Its name refers to Leander of Seville , a sixth-century Spanish bishop. Both land grants were located along El Camino Viejo , modern 14th Street / State Route 185. The smaller land grant, Rancho San Leandro, of approximately 9,000 acres (3,600 ha),
2610-602: The Ku Klux Klan which shows that even in the East Bay there was racial tension and segregation. In the 1920s, East Oakland was restricted from ethnic minorities unless they worked as servants for whites. Those who did not work as servants were hit by the Great Depression in the late 1920s and early 1930s which caused employment to drop by 41 percent in three years. In the 19th century, the Oakland-San Leandro Road
2697-594: The Northern California chapter of the National Electrical Contractors Association . Training includes energy-efficient construction methods, while the facility itself operates as a zero-energy building . According to the San Leandro's 2015 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: San Leandro is home to two school districts: The San Lorenzo Unified School District includes parts of Washington Manor and
Fitchburg - Misplaced Pages Continue
2784-744: The San Leandro Family Aquatic Center. Adjacent Lake Chabot Regional Park is popular for its scenic hiking trails, camping, and fishing. Although located in Castro Valley , the Fairmont Ridge Staging Area is the location of the Children's Memorial Grove, which consists of an Oak grove and a stone circle, with annual plaques listing the names of all children who have died as a result of violence in Alameda County. San Leandro
2871-487: The San Leandro Unified School District includes most of San Leandro, plus a small part of Oakland . The board of the San Leandro Unified School District is composed of Melissa Fegurgur (Area 1), Jackie C. Perl (Area 2), Evelyn Gonzalez (Area 3), Leo Sheridan (Area 4), Diana J. Prola (Area 5), James Aguilar (Area 6), and Peter Oshinski (at-large). In the latter part of the 20th century, San Leandro
2958-406: The San Leandro and San Lorenzo school districts were forced to close schools in the 1980s. The San Leandro school district could not afford to operate two comprehensive high schools given the decline in enrollment. Amid much controversy, the school board voted to close Pacific High School, which graduated its last class in 1983. Those who wished to keep Pacific High School open cited the fact that it
3045-605: The San Leandro/San Lorenzo border. The rest of San Leandro is served by San Leandro Unified School District . San Leandro is a charter city with a Mayor-Council-Manager form of government. The City Manager is Fran Robustelli. San Leandro city hall was built in 1939. Mayor Juan González III was elected in November 2022, and serves on the City Council with six Council members. Council members are elected by all voters in
3132-624: The annual AP District Honor Roll. From this list, three AP Districts of the Year were selected based on an analysis of three academic years of AP data. SLUSD was chosen for the 'medium' district population size, which is defined as having between 8,000 and 49,999 students. SLUSD was the only district in the state, and was one of only three districts in the nation, to be honored with this recognition. A number of students residing in San Leandro attend San Lorenzo Unified School District schools, including Arroyo High School , Washington Manor Middle School and Corvallis Elementary School, due to proximity to
3219-485: The area. Additionally, the majority of the population of East Oakland are Latinos and African Americans, both groups who have higher predisposition to alcohol-related diseases. As far as the stores that do sell food, a study by YPAR (Youth Participatory Action Research) 2.0 showed that the most available foods were chips, soda, and candy. Because it is cheap and available, these are the foods that people buy although they have little to no nutritional value and make people at
3306-404: The benefit of the lower prices, and going forward would pay less in taxes than if prices had not dropped. By the late 1960s buyers in East Oakland were taking advantage of several government backed loan programs to purchase houses. These programs had reduced rates or reduced qualifications, enabling people to buy homes who may not have qualified for conventional financing. Those arguing that this
3393-472: The changes in state funding to housing and the movement of impoverished groups in the 1930s, East Oakland became an area where poorer people lived which also resulted in a major loss of industry as businesses and markets started to close down and relocate to more financially sustainable areas. As time went on, supermarkets and other businesses saw East Oakland as an “undesirable place for residential and commercial investment” so few new stores opened up in place of
3480-432: The city of Oakland only), MacArthur Blvd., Foothill Blvd., Bancroft Avenue, and San Leandro Street (being the main one for commercial vehicles). Main northeast-southwest thoroughfares include Fruitvale Ave., 35th Ave., High St., Seminary Ave., 73rd Ave. (which becomes Hegenberger Road south of International Blvd. to Oakland International Airport ), and 98th Ave. East Oakland is home to Holy Names University , Mills College ,
3567-495: The city set the goal in 2012 of "becoming a new center of innovation in the San Francisco Bay Area." San Leandro came "out of the downturn like few places around, attracting tech startups, artists and brewers to a onetime traditional industrial hub." In January 2011, Cassidy and Dr. J. Patrick Kennedy, a San Leandro resident and the president and founder of OSIsoft , one of the city's largest employers, "began developing
Fitchburg - Misplaced Pages Continue
3654-595: The city using instant-runoff voting . However, the Council members must reside within the district they represent. The San Leandro City Council members are Sbeydeh Viveros-Walton (District 1), Bryan Azevedo (District 2), Victor Aguilar, Jr. (District 3), Fred Simon (District 4), Xouhao Bowen (District 5), and Pete Ballew (District 6). In 2017, San Leandro had 45,257 registered voters with 26,421 (58.4%) registered as Democrats, 5,271 (11.6%) registered as Republicans, and 11,723 (25.9%) were decline to state voters. San Leandro
3741-409: The city was $ 51,081, and the median income for a family was $ 60,266. Males had a median income of $ 41,157 versus $ 33,486 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 23,895. About 4.5% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 7.3% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over. San Leandro has long been home to many food-processing operations, and
3828-532: The city, such as San Leandro, Hayward and Walnut Creek . In the 1950s and 1960s, most areas of East Oakland still remained predominantly White. In 1962 construction began on the MacArthur Freeway (580) and providing an alternative route to the Nimitz Freeway. Although some Blacks were displaced when the right of way was cleared, most of the right of way through predominantly White neighborhoods. In 1969
3915-548: The city, there was push back from the Apartment House Owners Association and the Real Estate Board to build more housing so there were only five hundred public housing units built which also resulted in the destruction of other temporary housing units which displaced a large number of immigrants who had been living in them. Immigrants were forced to live in overcrowded quarters and even started sleeping on
4002-400: The coast and in the bay specifically. Because this was shortly after the great depression, many people were unemployed and looking for work, which was in abundance in the Oakland shipyard. Rather than an influx of whites, the new rush caused a surge of racial minorities which caused a restructuring of the demographics in the area. With the increase of workers, a housing crisis soon followed. In
4089-416: The downtown to live in the "underserved" East Oakland formerly occupied by working- and middle-class Whites. This narrative confuses Blacks displaced from West Oakland and later by BART construction, with the small population of Blacks living in downtown Oakland, which was a commercial area ,]The mayor at the time, Lionel Wilson, who was the first African American mayor, elected the year prior in 1977, combatted
4176-487: The east, Castro Street on the south, and on the west by the longitude lying a block west of Alvarado Street. The city has a historical Portuguese American population dating from the 1880s, when Portuguese laborers from Hawaii or from the Azores began settling in the city and established farms and businesses. By the 1910 census, they had accounted for nearly two-thirds of San Leandro's population. In 1856, San Leandro became
4263-686: The former railroad Fitchburg station , a railroad station in Fitchburg, Massachusetts Fitchburg station (California) , a former railroad station Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Fitchburg . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fitchburg&oldid=1229603816 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
4350-571: The heart of East Oakland, were a part of the Lincoln Highway , the first transcontinental highway, from 1913 until 1927. In the spring of 1943, there was an increase of immigrants to the Bay Area as a result of World War II; this time is called “the Second Gold Rush”. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the US government invested large sums of money on defense which created new jobs and opportunities on
4437-462: The highest concentration of African American residents of any Oakland neighborhood, at 75.4%. Though the population of whites had decreased, they still made up 4% of the population. With the increase of the population between 1990 and 2000 the number of households in the area increased by 3.4%. The residents work in all kinds of job areas including service, sales, transportation, construction, and even management and professional positions while 9.1% of
SECTION 50
#17328452365584524-462: The highest users of the emergency department, with 15% enrolled in governmental programs whilst consisting of 43% of frequent ER users. Amongst elderly adults, rising numbers in disabilities have resulted in increased hospital emergency visits. Heart disease, leading in chronic diseases amongst elders, accounts for over 19,500 hospitalizations each year. However, racial, linguistic, cultural, and cost barriers continue to influence level of access amongst
4611-500: The late 1840s were Caucasian, Chinese, Mexican, and African American. By 1910, Oakland had the largest African American population in the East Bay because it tripled in the previous decade as a result of fires and earthquakes in the surrounding areas. Despite the new influx of African Americans, the East Oakland hills were known as “the Bible Belt” because of the white, Protestant community that occupied those houses. This area supported
4698-471: The lower elevations of the city, an upper regionally contained aquifer is located 50 to 100 feet (15 to 30 m) below the surface. At least one deeper aquifer exists approximately 250 feet (75 m) below the surface. Some salt water intrusion has taken place in the San Leandro Cone. Shallow groundwater generally flows to the west, from the foothills toward San Francisco Bay. Shallow groundwater
4785-484: The members of the community. As a result, stores responded and started to sell fresh produce from local farmers and receive deliveries twice a week for fresh produce. A list of notable people who have lived or currently live in East Oakland: 37°46′N 122°12′W / 37.77°N 122.2°W / 37.77; -122.2 San Leandro, California San Leandro ( Spanish for " St. Leander ")
4872-489: The music industry without the assistance of a major record company. The sound of the music was different from East Coast hip hop, which is known for its technique of sampling and looping to create a song. Instead, funk and blues were infused with synthesizers and drum machines, giving birth to the Bay Area hip hop sound known as Mobb music . Today, mainstream hip-hop continues to lyrically and musically incorporate much of what
4959-509: The network. By 2014, the network expansion was completed, bringing the total length of fiber in the city to over 18 miles. The network is capable of transmitting at up to 10 Gbit/s and is currently only available to business users. The Zero Net Energy Center, which opened in 2013, is a 46,000-square-foot (4,300 m ) electrician training facility created by the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 595 and
5046-466: The new immigrants were Chicano/Latino who had a growth between 150 and 400 percent in that decade. That same time saw a decline in the African American population between 17 and 31 percent. Fruitvale has become the backbone of Oakland's Latino community, in which East Oakland had a rapid increase of 132% of Latinos between 1990 and 2000. Latinos make up 38% of the population of East Oakland. There
5133-416: The northwest and San Leandro in the southeast. It generally has a diagonal layout. East Oakland has numbered avenues (1st to 109th) that run northeast to southwest, and numbered streets (East 7th to East 38th) that run northwest to southeast. Interstates 580 and 880 also run northwest to southeast. Main northwest–southeast thoroughfares include East 14th Street (renamed International Blvd. in 1996 within
5220-427: The ones that left. The smaller commercial stores that did stick around were forced to raise the prices of their food and focus more on selling alcohol and tobacco products to stay afloat. In the flatlands of East Oakland there are only four supermarkets and over 40 liquor stores. Alcohol was easy to sell and made the stores more money, but the number of liquor stores is proportional to the levels of crime in violence in
5307-536: The past year than many other counties in the Bay Area and in the entire state of California. In 2012, 35% of the community did not meet with their doctor, resulting in approximately 30% of residents taking advantage of the emergency room, relative to 13% in Alameda County and 18% in all of California . Amongst all ER visits, Blacks and Hispanics had the most frequent visits in 2011, with four times more visits compared to whites and Asian/Pacific Islanders. Furthermore, even when having healthcare coverage, Blacks continue to be
SECTION 60
#17328452365585394-491: The poor, underserved surrounding areas. With the new availability of jobs created by the EDA, between 1990 and 2000 more Latino and Asian (primarily Cambodian , Lao , and Chinese ) immigrants moved to Oakland and specifically Central East Oakland because of how cheap the cost of living was compared to the city. A census on overcrowding showed an increase from 17 to 27 percent because of the new people who moved there. The majority of
5481-413: The population is unemployed. For the whites who stayed, it was often because they were too poor to relocate and saw an unemployment rate of 30%. In dominantly African American neighborhoods, such as Central East Oakland, between 40-70% of the population were without high school diplomas. The Latino population had 50-70% without high school diplomas and 5% with college degrees. Asians saw a smaller amount of
5568-734: The population without education with 39.3% without high school diplomas and 22.8% with bachelor's degrees. East Oakland, together with West Oakland and portions of North Oakland , is a hub for Northern California 's African American community. Hip hop culture is associated with East Oakland. It is known within the hip hop community as "Oaktown", "O-Town" (old school names), or currently, "The Town". A number of East Bay rappers and singers such as Raphael Saadiq , Keak da Sneak , Dru Down , Too Short , Digital Underground , MC Hammer , Luniz , Hieroglyphics , Keyshia Cole , Philthy Rich , Db tha General , Shady Nate , and Bobby Brackins originated there. The prostitution, violence and drug culture of
5655-578: The population) lived in households, 282 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 368 (0.4%) were institutionalized. There were 30,717 households, out of which 10,503 (34.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 14,142 (46.0%) were married couples, 4,509 (14.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,863 (6.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,706 (5.6%) unmarried couples, and 326 (1.1%) same-sex couples. 8,228 households (26.8%) were made up of individuals, and 3,128 (10.2%) had someone living alone who
5742-584: The population, almost 30% higher than that of California. In the elderly population, 98% of older adults within the entire Alameda County have health insurance. However, due to rising costs in medical care in recent decades, the California Health Interview Survey observed that 48.5% of adults age 60+ let go of their insurance coverage. Amongst Hispanics, nearly 74% were enrolled in government health insurance, such as Medi-Cal and Healthy Families. Median income amongst enrolled Hispanic families
5829-430: The population. East Oakland ranks amongst the lowest communities to provide healthcare coverage to adults and children. 52% of adults and 40% of children remain insured by private insurance companies, compared to 61% and 57% coverage throughout the state of California. East Oakland residents are one of the higher users of governmental health programs like Medi-Cal and Medicare, covering 27% of adults and 58% of children in
5916-402: The property sold the assessed value could be increased to market value. Some have argued that this disadvantaged Blacks seeking to buy property if property values had increased. Some have also argued, post hoc propter hoc , that this somehow caused property values to decline as Whites moved out and Blacks moved in. If home prices declined as Whites departed, then Blacks buying those houses, had
6003-411: The public-private partnership that would become Lit San Leandro," a high speed, fiber optic broadband network . In October 2011, the city approved the license agreement that allowed the installation of the fiber-optic cables in the existing conduits under San Leandro streets. In 2012, San Leandro was awarded a $ 2.1 million grant from the U.S. Economic Development Administration to add 7.5 miles to
6090-518: The region spawned a new subgenre of hip hop by the late 1980s. Rappers like Too Short incorporated drugs, violence, prostitution and gang life into their music, in sharp contrast to much of the East Coast hip hop of the day. Too Short was also one of the first rap artists to promote and sell records independently and is one of the pioneers responsible for the birth of Northern California's independent hip hop scene; leading other artists to pursue success in
6177-414: The regulation on property taxes by using many public resources to create investment in downtown Oakland which increased the cost of living in the city and pushed more poor and marginalized populations to surrounding areas such as East Oakland. This is one example of gentrification that has occurred in the city and makes the cost of living higher in the city so the original residents are forced to relocate to
6264-422: The renovation of Burrell Field and the baseball fields. In the 1990s and continuing into the 21st century, student enrollment in the San Leandro school district increased. A new science wing was built at San Leandro High School followed by an Arts Education Center with a performing arts theater. In 2010, a separate campus one block from the main campus at San Leandro High School was opened for 9th grade students and
6351-410: The state. San Leandro was an 86.4% white-non-Hispanic community according in the 1970 census. The city's demographics began to diversify in the 1980s. By 2010, Asian Americans had become a plurality population in San Leandro, with approximately one-third of the population, with non-Hispanic Whites accounting for 27.1% of the population. The San Leandro Hills run above the city to the northeast. In
6438-426: The streets because the housing that was being built was reserved for whites so minorities were pushed out of the city and forced to relocate to the outskirts of East Oakland. With the redistribution of living, this area, known as Brooklyn (until it was also annexed by the city in 1909) became the backbone of Oakland's African American community and caused an exodus of more prosperous whites to suburbs south and east of
6525-401: Was 39.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.5 males. There were 32,419 housing units at an average density of 2,069.9 per square mile (799.2/km ), of which 30,717 were occupied, of which 17,667 (57.5%) were owner-occupied, and 13,050 (42.5%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4%; the rental vacancy rate
6612-502: Was 5.8%. 50,669 people (59.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 33,631 people (39.6%) lived in rental housing units. According to the 2000 census , there were 30,642 households, out of which 28.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 28.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who
6699-402: Was 65 years of age or older. The average In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.2% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 32.0% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.4 males. The median income for a household in
6786-422: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74. There were 20,514 families (66.8% of all households); the average family size was 3.36. The population was spread out, with 18,975 people (22.3%) under the age of 18, 7,044 people (8.3%) aged 18 to 24, 23,469 people (27.6%) aged 25 to 44, 23,779 people (28.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 11,683 people (13.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
6873-457: Was a county road connecting Oakland with San Leandro . Along this road, small settlements developed such as Melrose, Elmhurst and Fitchburg. All these were annexed by the city of Oakland after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. After annexation, the Oakland-San Leandro Road was renamed East 14th Street which lasted for most of the 20th century, until it was renamed International Blvd. Both Foothill Boulevard and MacArthur Boulevard, which run through
6960-511: Was a much newer facility and handicap accessible, with a more modern football field. Those who were in favor of retaining San Leandro High School maintained that it was a larger campus and therefore had more room to house both school populations; but planned on using Marina High School as a buffer. Through failed dealings and negotiations with the San Lorenzo Unified School District, Marina closed its doors shortly after leaving
7047-495: Was all to the disadvantage of Blacks, are those who advocate using property taxes to pay for programs specifically aimed at the Black population. An argument that continues to be made by local and state politicians. . [ The following paragraph reflects political and social ideas but not objective history. It nicely captures the circular reasoning that pervades Oakland politics and city programs to this day. Poor Blacks are pushed out of
7134-481: Was built across town nearer the industrial area adjacent to State Route 17 (now Interstate 880) and opened in 1960. It featured a round main building and more traditional outbuildings, as well as a lighted football field. (The football field at San Leandro High School did not have, and still does not have, lights.) All nighttime games for both high schools were played at the Pacific football field, named C. Burrell Field after
7221-469: Was built during the early 1900s. It later had a home-building boom during World War II in response to the influx of workers needed for the war industries, on land which had been zoned for industrial uses. In the 1990s, the neighborhood held an annual summer get-together called the Never Worry Picnic as a contrast to a crime rate that is 191% higher than the national average. East Oakland experiences
7308-412: Was considered one of the highest priorities and came second to shelter. The participants claim that they knew how to eat healthy and about the importance of a nutritious diet, but the availability and cost of the food outweighed potential health outcomes. The people were more concerned about getting enough food that they would not starve rather than focusing on the nutrition of what they were eating. With
7395-466: Was given to José Joaquín Estudillo in 1842. The larger, Rancho San Antonio, of approximately 44,000 acres (18,000 ha), was given to another Spanish soldier, Don Luis Maria Peralta, in 1820. Beginning in 1855, two of Estudillo's sons-in-law, John B. Ward and William Heath Davis , laid out the townsite that would become San Leandro, bounded by the San Leandro Creek on the north, Watkins Street on
7482-504: Was home to three high schools: San Leandro High School , Pacific High School (in the San Leandro Unified School District) and Marina High School (located within the San Leandro city limits but coming under the authority of the neighboring San Lorenzo Unified School District ). San Leandro High School was established in 1926. As the city's population grew, so did the need for a second high school. Pacific High School
7569-406: Was pioneered in East Oakland. Elmhurst was originally a separate town, it was annexed by Oakland in 1909, and today is considered part of East Oakland. Although it was historically a white working-class neighborhood, it became predominantly African American after World War II, and today, Latinos now form about half of Elmhurst's population. Elmhurst was the site of one of the large carbarns for
#557442