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37-576: Fernie is a Scottish surname. Fernie can refer to: Places [ edit ] Fernie, British Columbia , a city in British Columbia, Canada Mount Fernie , a mountain in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada Mount Fernie Provincial Park , a park on Mount Fernie Fernie Alpine Resort , a ski resort in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada Fernie (electoral district) ,

74-592: A Scottish footballer See also [ edit ] Fernando Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Fernie . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fernie&oldid=956929685 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description

111-449: A century. During World War One, an internment camp for prisoners of war was set up at rented premises in Fernie from June 1915 to October 1918. Underground coal mines were dug 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) away from the townsite in the narrow Coal Creek valley and until 1960 a small satellite community was known as Coal Creek stood adjacent to them. A variety of other mines were sunk into

148-464: A cool and wet humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfb ) with warm summer days, cool summer nights along with cold and snowy winters. Influenced by chinook winds and being to the west of the continent, Fernie's winters are mild for its latitude in North America , although the climate is notably more continental than coastal British Columbia. Cranbrook, British Columbia Cranbrook is home to

185-548: A limited number of international flights and an expansion to the Terminal for more passengers. The airport is served by Air Canada Jazz to Vancouver, Pacific Coastal Airlines to Victoria and Kelowna, and WestJet Link to Vancouver and Calgary. On February 11, 1978, Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314 , a Boeing 737-200 , nearly impacted a snowplow on the runway at the airport in Cranbrook, then lost control and crashed, killing 42 of

222-422: A nearby forest fire burnt its way into a lumber yard on the edge of the community and sparked a Dresden-style firestorm that melted brick and mortar and essentially erased the entire city in an afternoon. There were few casualties however and for a second time, a stately brick downtown core rose from the ashes. Today, these historic buildings, most of which still stand, are a treasured and distinctive feature of

259-410: A provincial electoral district in British Columbia, Canada Fernie Castle , a sixteenth-century tower house in north-east Fife, Scotland People [ edit ] Fernie Flaman , a Canadian professional ice hockey player Duncan Fernie (b. 1978), a Scottish curler Jim Fernie (b. 1936), a Scottish footballer Willie Fernie (golfer) , a Scottish golfer Willie Fernie (footballer) ,

296-576: A temporary encampment near Coal Creek . The Canadian Pacific Railway arrived in the valley the following year, and a townsite emerged parallel to the railway line slightly north of the initial encampment, or "Old Town." On May 23, 1902, a coal mine explosion killed 109 miners at the Crow's Nest Coal Mining Company. The disaster, one of the worst mining accidents in Canadian history, is largely forgotten in Fernie and overlooked by local historians after more than

333-559: Is at the junction of major highways 3 and 93/95, and due to its close proximity to the borders of Alberta and the United States, it is an important transportation hub. Cranbrook has a major Canadian Pacific Railway yard, which serves as a key gateway for trains arriving from and departing to the United States. The McPhee Bridge also known as the St. Mary's Bridge rises high above the St. Mary River and

370-746: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Fernie, British Columbia Fernie is a city in the Elk Valley area of the East Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia , Canada, located on BC Highway 3 on the western approaches to the Crowsnest Pass through the Rocky Mountains . Founded in 1898 and incorporated as the City of Fernie in July 1904,

407-552: Is drained by the Elk River . Three tributaries of the Elk— Coal , Lizard , and Fairy Creeks—rise in its side valleys and join the Elk either within or in close proximity to the townsite. To the north of the city lie Mount Fernie , Mount Klauer, The Three Sisters and Mount Proctor . To the northeast is Mount Hosmer , to the east is Fernie Ridge, to the southeast is Morrissey Ridge and to

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444-764: Is near the Cranbrook/Canadian Rockies International Airport and the Shadow Mountain Golf Community. It supports the thousands of people who travel between Kimberley and Cranbrook on highway 95A. Approximately 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) north is the Cranbrook/Canadian Rockies International Airport , which has recently completed its 12.5 million dollar expansion including the lengthening of its runway from 6,000 to 8,000 ft (1,800 to 2,400 m) feet in order to accommodate

481-423: The 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Fernie had a population of 6,320 living in 2,597 of its 3,256 total private dwellings, a change of 17.1% from its 2016 population of 5,396. With a land area of 15.11 km (5.83 sq mi), it had a population density of 418.3/km (1,083.3/sq mi) in 2021. According to the 2021 census , religious groups in Fernie included: Fernie has

518-405: The 2021 census , religious groups in Cranbrook included: Public schools are run by School District 5 Southeast Kootenay , consisting of seven elementary schools and two middle schools that feed into the city's only high school: Mount Baker Secondary School , home to approximately 1,000 students and 90 staff members. Mount Baker is the largest high school in school district five. Prior to 2004,

555-653: The Canadian Museum of Rail Travel which presents static exhibits of passenger rail cars built in the 1920s for the CPR and in the 1900s for the Spokane International Railway . Originally inhabited by Ktunaxa peoples, the land that Cranbrook now occupies was bought by European settlers, notably Colonel James Baker who named his newly acquired land Cranbrook after his home in Cranbrook , Kent , England. In 1890,

592-479: The Crowsnest Pass , 40 kilometres (25 miles) to the east. As the largest and longest-established community between Cranbrook and Lethbridge , Fernie serves as a minor regional centre, particularly for its fellow Elk Valley communities. Fernie is the only city-class municipality in Canada that is fully encircled by the Rocky Mountains . The townsite was laid out in the crook of a doglegged glacial valley that today

629-487: The Kootenay Indian Residential School , also called St. Eugene's, opened in Cranbrook, and operated until 1975. In 1898, Baker had successfully convinced Canadian Pacific Railway to establish their Crowsnest Pass line through Cranbrook rather than nearby Gold Rush Boom Town Fort Steele . With that accomplishment Cranbrook became the major centre of the region, while Fort Steele declined; however,

666-520: The Köppen climate classification with very warm, sunny summer days followed by cool nights, and moderately cold and snowy winters. Environment and Climate Change Canada reports Cranbrook as having the most sunshine hours of any BC city at approximately 2190.5 hours annually. It is a fairly dry city throughout the year, and when precipitation does fall a good percentage of it will be in the form of snow . Environment and Climate Change Canada also states that

703-546: The middle schools were referred to as junior high schools housing grades 8-10 rather than the current 7–9. However, due to declining enrollment, the school district adopted the new system. There is also a local home-school network. The following 13 schools are located in Cranbrook. Cranbrook is home to the main campus of the College of the Rockies , which has over 2,500 full and part-time students from over 21 countries. Cranbrook

740-510: The municipality has a population of over 5,000 with an additional 2,000 outside city limits in communities under the jurisdiction of the Regional District of East Kootenay . A substantial seasonal population swells the city during the winter months. Fernie lies on the Elk River , along Canada 's southernmost east-west transportation corridor through the Rockies that crosses the range via

777-651: The 49 people on board. Cranbrook has a public transit system operated by BC Transit , which runs buses on eight different lines. Cranbrook has the largest hospital in the region, the East Kootenay Regional Hospital. Western Financial Place (formerly called the RecPlex) is a pool and hockey arena in Cranbrook that opened in 2000, and was formerly the home to the Kootenay Ice until relocating to Winnipeg, Manitoba , in 2019. Following their departure,

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814-524: The Asian industrial market, predominantly for use in blast furnaces . Fernie would remain an important residential base for mine labour, along with the new communities of Sparwood and Elkford that sprang up much closer to these new mines. Today, Teck Resources operates four open-pit mines, shipping out unit trains (often with more than 100 cars) along the Canadian Pacific Railway through Fernie to

851-564: The City of Fernie declared a state of emergency and people had to evacuate the area for days. The 'Riders were relocated because of this to the Elk Valley Leisure Centre in Sparwood, British Columbia during the 2017–18 KIJHL season until the City of Fernie decided what to do. The City of Fernie decided to replace ammonia for a synthetic refrigerant prior to the 2018–19 KIJHL season and moved

888-543: The Pacific Coast, where the coal is loaded onto freighters at Roberts Bank Superport in Delta . The Flathead Valley avalanches were two avalanches that buried 11 snowmobilers near Fernie on December 28, 2008. The avalanches ultimately claimed the lives of eight of the riders. After a disastrous fire levelled much of the downtown core in 1904, the fledgling municipal government passed an ordinance requiring all buildings in

925-415: The area to be built of 'fireproof' materials like brick and stone. Consequently, a new city centre rose from the ashes sporting brick buildings along broad avenues that would have looked more at home in a sedate and refined Victorian city than a rough-and-tumble frontier coal town . They were short-lived, however, as a second, larger inferno swept through the city on August 1, 1908. Whipped up by sudden winds,

962-466: The city experiences some of the lightest wind speeds year-round, has few foggy days, and has among the highest average barometric pressure of any city in Canada. Frost -free days average 127 days, typically occurring between May 18 to September 23. Mean daily temperatures range from −6.5 °C (20.3 °F) to 19.2 °C (66.6 °F). However, temperatures can range from −20 °C (−4 °F) in

999-537: The coal fields in a fifty-kilometre (31 mi) radius in the following two decades. No mining was ever carried out in Fernie proper; coking of Coal Creek coal was carried out at the townsite, but otherwise, the town developed into an administrative and commercial centre for the burgeoning industry. Forestry played a smaller role in the local economy and a local brewery produced Fernie Beer from Brewery Creek (mountain spring water). Like most single-industry towns, Fernie endured several boom-and-bust cycles throughout

1036-547: The community. Summer in Fernie is generally far quieter than the winter months, though mountain biking , fly fishing and golf are increasingly important tourist draws. On October 17, 2017, there was an ammonia leak at the Fernie Memorial Arena which killed three workers (two City of Fernie employees and one CIMCO refrigeration employee from Calgary) during the Ghostriders ' regular season. Because of this tragedy,

1073-476: The latter is today a preserved heritage town . On November 1, 1905, Cranbrook was incorporated as a city. Some of the major industries include mining and forestry services, trades, and health care. While much of the city is relatively flat, Cranbrook is surrounded by many rising hills where many residential homes are located. Cranbrook faces the Purcell Mountains to the west and the Rocky Mountains to

1110-488: The mountains' innards. The vast Crowsnest Coal Field lies just to the east of the city, and Fernie owes its origins to nineteenth-century prospector William Fernie, who established the coal industry that continues to exist to this day. Acting on pioneer Michael Phillips' twin discoveries of coal and the Crowsnest Pass a few years earlier, Fernie founded the Crows Nest Pass Coal Company in 1897 and established

1147-404: The north and east. There are many lakes in close proximity to Cranbrook. Some of these lakes include Jim Smith Lake, Wasa Lake, Lazy Lake, Moyie Lake, Monroe Lake, Norbury Lake and Elizabeth Lake. Many of these lakes contain opportunities for boating, fishing and camping. There are public recreational beaches and provincial campgrounds. Cranbrook features a humid continental climate ( Dfb ) under

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1184-676: The recreational centre became home to the Cranbrook Bucks who play in the BCHL . A paved, two-lane 28 km (17 mi) trail exists between Cranbrook and Kimberley, BC. This trail constitutes a section of the Trans-Canada Trail and is known as the Rails to Trails. Canadian Pacific Railway donated the rail right-of-way and the teardown of the railway began by CP Rail in 2009. In addition to this trail, there are 2000 acres of wilderness to explore in

1221-516: The southwest are the various peaks of the Lizard Range . Fernie gives the name to the Jurassic -Age Fernie Formation . The Lizard Range is home to Fernie Alpine Resort , one of the largest ski resorts in Canada, and Island Lake Catskiing , a resort. While the slopes of the mountains are the present focus of economic activity, until comparatively recently residents of the area were more interested in

1258-714: The team back to the Fernie Memorial Arena. The following people were born, raised in or reside in Fernie: Rogers Communications operates a cable system serving Fernie. The cable system offers most major channels from Vancouver and Calgary , as well as local programming on Rogers TV channel 10. School District 5 Southeast Kootenay operates the following public schools in Fernie: The Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique operates one Francophone school: école Sophie-Morigeau primary school. Private schools: Post-secondary: In

1295-477: The twentieth century, generally tied to the global price of coal. The mines at Coal Creek closed permanently by 1960 and the focus of mining activity shifted to Michel and Natal about twenty-five kilometres (16 miles) upriver, which sat on a more productive portion of the Crowsnest Coal Field. Kaiser Resources opened immense open-pit mines there in the 1970s to meet new metallurgical coal contracts for

1332-454: The winter to 35 °C (95 °F) in the summer months. Overall, its climate is extremely similar to that of Kelowna, in the nearby Okanagan Valley to the west - especially in regard to precipitation patterns and total monthly accumulation. However, Kelowna is significantly warmer throughout all seasons. The highest temperature ever recorded in Cranbrook was 40.5 °C (104.9 °F) on August 10, 2018. The coldest temperature ever recorded

1369-414: Was −41.1 °C (−42.0 °F) on January 19, 1958. In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada , Cranbrook had a population of 20,499 living in 8,780 of its 9,058 total private dwellings, a change of 2.3% from its 2016 population of 20,047. With a land area of 31.97 km (12.34 sq mi), it had a population density of 641.2/km (1,660.7/sq mi) in 2021. According to

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