The Federal Power Act is a law appearing in Chapter 12 of Title 16 of the United States Code , entitled "Federal Regulation and Development of Power". Enacted as the Federal Water Power Act on June 10, 1920, and amended many times since, its original purpose was to more effectively coordinate the development of hydroelectric projects in the United States. Representative John J. Esch (R-Wisconsin) was the sponsor.
8-507: Prior to this time and despite federal control of navigable waters and the necessary congressional approval to construct such facilities, Congress had left the regulation of hydroelectric power to the individual states. The first federal legislation broadly dealing with hydroelectric development regarded its competition with navigation usage; with the passage of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 Congress made it illegal to dam navigable streams without
16-600: A license (or permit) from Congress . This provision was included for the purposes of hydroelectric generation, at a time when the electric utility industry was expanding rapidly. Although many activities covered by the Act are regulated under the Clean Water Act , the 1899 Act retains independent vitality. The Act is administered by the United States Army Corps of Engineers . However, authority to administer Section 9 of
24-564: A license (or permit) from them. Until 1903, these congressional permits were given away on a 'first come first served' perpetual basis and controlled by the individual states. This would lead to a long debate between competing private and public development interests, and culminate in the act's passage in 1920. The act created the Federal Power Commission (FPC) (now the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ) as
32-509: The navigable waters , or tributaries thereof, of the United States without a permit; this specific provision is known as the Refuse Act . The Act also makes it a misdemeanor to excavate, fill, or alter the course, condition, or capacity of any port , harbor , channel , or other areas within the reach of the Act without a permit . The Act also made it illegal to dam navigable streams without
40-596: The Act, applying to bridges and causeways in, over or on navigable waters of the U.S. (superseded by the General Bridge Act of 1946 , as amended), was removed from the Corps of Engineers and redelegated to the U.S. Coast Guard under the provisions of the Department of Transportation Act of 1966. The Corps owns and operates many bridges and may not regulate themselves due to conflict of interest. The Jacksonville District of
48-537: The Federal Power Act to extend FERC's jurisdiction to certain power plant sales as well as the reliability of electric service. Other amendments to the law include the following: Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 The Rivers and Harbors Appropriation Act of 1899 is the oldest federal environmental law in the United States . The Act makes it a misdemeanor to discharge refuse matter of any kind into
56-546: The Water Power Act of 1920 went to the state in which the dam was built. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) regulates under Parts II and III of the Federal Power Act. In 1935, the law was renamed the Federal Power Act, and the FPC's regulatory jurisdiction was expanded to include all interstate electricity transmission and wholesale power sales (a/k/a "sales for resale"). The Energy Policy Act of 2005 further amended
64-404: The licensing authority for these plants. The FPC regulated the interstate activities of the electric power and natural gas industries, and coordinated national hydroelectric power activities. The Commission's mandate called for it to maintain reasonable, nondiscriminatory and just rates to the consumer. It was ensured that 37.5% of the income derived from hydroelectric power leases given out under
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