The Kreider-Reisner Challenger (later the Fairchild KR series) is an American utility biplane aircraft designed and produced by the Kreider-Reisner Aircraft Company , which was later taken over by the Fairchild Aircraft Company .
18-489: The Challenger C-1 was possibly developed from the similar Waco 10 . A poorly documented aircraft, the C-1 was progressively modified. The Challenger was a conventional mixed-construction biplane with a fixed tailskid landing gear . It had two open tandem cockpits for a pilot (at the rear), and passenger (forward) and was powered initially by a 90 hp (67 kW) Curtiss OX-5 inline engine . A number of variants were built as
36-485: A cockpit under the upper wing and ahead of the pilot, who had a separate cockpit. It had a split-axle fixed undercarriage and a tailwheel. The main undercarriage was fitted with hydraulic shock absorbers, unusual at the time on a light aircraft. The fin could be trimmed on the ground to offset engine torque, and the tailplane could be trimmed in flight. Initially it was powered by a Curtiss OX-5 water-cooled 90° V-8 engine producing 90 hp (67 kW). Its first flight
54-787: The C-3 Challenger and C-4 Challenger which had detail differences and different engines fitted. Late in 1928 the company introduced a new and slightly smaller design as the C-6 Challenger . In 1929 the company was absorbed by the Fairchild Aircraft Company who continued the production of the C-4 as the Fairchild KR-34 and the C-6 as the Fairchild KR-21 . Although not built by Fairchild
72-631: The Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram near Vienna , the first electrical interurban tram in Austria-Hungary . 1882 saw the opening of the experimental " Elektromote " track, an early trolleybus concept in the Berlin suburb of Halensee . The rising popularity of telegraphs and electrical tramways, as well as in generators and electric motors, ensured steady growth for Siemens & Halske. Werner von Siemens retired in 1890, while Johann Georg Halske had already left
90-493: The Obshchestvo Elektricheskogo Osveshcheniia (Company for Electric Lighting), also known as the 1886 Company . When Siemens & Halske merged parts of its activities with Schuckert & Co. , Nuremberg in 1903 to become Siemens-Schuckert , Siemens & Halske AG specialized in communications engineering. During World War I , rotary engines of advanced and unusual design were produced under
108-569: The C-2 was redesignated the Fairchild KR-31 . To act as an engine testbed one KR-21 was modified to use a Fairchild 6-390 engine (later named Ranger ) and changes were made to the wing and landing gear geometry. The modified aircraft was known as the Fairchild KR-125 . In 1931 a similar aircraft without the geometry changes but with a Ranger engine was sold under the designation KR-135 . In 1930,
126-561: The Cantonese Chinese aviation services. They were armed with twin .30 Browning machine guns and had racks for five 25 lb (11 kg) or two 100 lb (45 kg) bombs. There was also an export model WACO Pursuit 300T-A, with 300 hp (220 kW) Wright or Wasp Jr engine. Data from Aerofiles General characteristics Performance (Partial listing, only covers most numerous types) Siemens %26 Halske Siemens & Halske AG (or Siemens-Halske )
144-1011: The KR-34CA, a military version of the Fairchild KR-34 based on the Kreider-Reisner C-4C Challenger design, was built in Farmingdale, New York . A light attack craft, it had two .30 caliber Browning machine guns mounted on the nose, firing through the propellers. The Chinese version had bomb racks under the fuselage. Two of this military version of the Fairchild KR-34 were sold to the warlord generals Liu Wenhui and Liu Xiang in Sichuan Province. Fairchild type numbers in brackets Data from The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 1674. General characteristics Performance Waco 10 The Waco 10/GXE/Waco O series
162-831: The Siemens-Halske brand, like the Siemens-Halske Sh.I and Sh.III . Siemens & Halske also produced large numbers of MG08/15 machineguns deployed for service of the Kaiser Imperial forces in World War I . Later, Siemens established several company subsidiaries for which the Siemens & Halske AG functioned as a holding company. During the Second World War , Siemens & Halske employed slave labour from concentration camps. Among other things, they produced field telephones of
180-623: The company in 1867. Werner von Siemens' brother Karl Heinrich, together with Werner's sons Arnold and Georg Wilhelm , grew the firm and erected new Siemens & Halske premises along the banks of the western Spree river, in the Berlin suburb of Charlottenburg, in 1897. The firm's vast new site continued to grow, and from 1899 onwards it was known as Siemensstadt . Siemens & Halske quickly expanded with representatives in Great Britain and Russia as well as its own cable-manufacturing plants at Woolwich and Saint Petersburg . The company's rise
198-518: The first European telegraph lines from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main . Siemens & Halske was not alone in the realm of electrical engineering. In 1887, Emil Rathenau had established Allgemeine Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft (AEG), which became a long-time rival. In 1881, Siemens & Halske built the Gross-Lichterfelde Tramway , the world's first electric streetcar line, in the southwestern Lichterfelde suburb of Berlin, followed by
SECTION 10
#1732856139511216-524: The wing installed, S or T meaning Straight or Tapered wing, and the final O indicating it was a derivative of the 10. An -A suffix indicated an armed variant intended for export. Apart from the water-cooled V-8 Curtiss and Hispano-Suiza engines, all of the rest were air-cooled radials . Other engines were fitted experimentally, without unique designations, including the Rausie , Ryan-Siemens , and 115 hp (86 kW) Milwaukee Tank engine. This last engine
234-459: Was a German electrical engineering company that later became part of Siemens . It was founded on 12 October 1847 as Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske . The company, located in Berlin - Kreuzberg , specialised in manufacturing electrical telegraphs according to Charles Wheatstone 's patent of 1837. In 1848, the company constructed one of
252-594: Was a range of three-seat open-cockpit biplanes built by the Advance Aircraft Company , later the Waco Aircraft Company . The Waco 10 was a larger span development of the Waco 9 , both single-engined three-seat single-bay biplanes constructed around steel-tube frames. The wing covering was fabric, and both upper and lower planes carried ailerons, which were strut linked. The two passengers sat side by side in
270-493: Was also much used as a trainer and by small operators for charter flights. In 1928, after the Waco 10 had entered production, Waco changed its designation system so that the basic model 10, powered by a 90 hp (67 kW) Curtiss OX-5 engine became the GXE . Later aircraft used three-letter designations, the first denoting the engine (except for the two mailplanes), the second denoting
288-593: Was an air-cooled version of the Curtiss OX-5, and was intended as an aircraft engine. The JYM and JWM were mailplane derivatives with a 14" fuselage stretch. In the 1990s the unrelated The WACO Aircraft Company in Forks, Washington offered a homebuilt kit version of the ATO model. The WACO 240-A was a straight-wing fighter, built for export, powered by 240 hp (180 kW) Wright engine. At least six were bought by
306-439: Was in 1927. It was numerically the most important type to be built by Waco, with at least 1,623 built over a period of 7 years from 1927 to 1933 and was fitted with a very large variety of engines of radial and V configuration. The Waco 10 turned out to have excellent handling, and there was a ready supply of war-surplus Curtiss engines. It was widely used for the popularisation of aeronautics through barnstorming and joyrides, and
324-642: Was supported by Werner von Siemens' patent of the electric generator ( dynamo ) in 1867. Carl Wilhelm Siemens represented the company in Great Britain . They developed a cable-manufacturing plant in Woolwich . Carl Heinrich von Siemens represented the company in Russia. He established the Russian branch of the company in 1853, gaining a contract to build the telegraph system. In 1886 they obtained permission to establish
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