The Farman F.120 were a family of multi-engine monoplane aircraft designed and produced by the French aircraft manufacturer Farman Aviation Works . It was operated in a diverse range of purposes, including as a commercial airliner and as a military bomber aircraft.
16-431: F120 may refer to : Farman F.120 , a 1920 family of multi-engine airliners and bombers General Electric YF120 , a 1980s advanced aircraft engine [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title formed as a letter–number combination. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
32-423: A configuration was typically a result of the limited power of the engines available to the designer. Many trimotors were designed and built in the 1920s and 1930s as the most effective means of maximizing payload. Other - and uncommon - configurations include engines above the wing, as on seaplanes , including in pusher configuration , and an engine on each wing and one on the tail. The best known trimotors are
48-606: A pair of 400 hp Lorraine 12Db engines. Two military versions were also built, the F.123 with two 450 hp Hispano-Suiza 12Hb V12s, or F.124 with two 420 hp Gnome et Rhône 9Ad Jupiter radial engines. The Farman F.120 was a multi-engine multirole monoplane aircraft. It was relatively well-furnished for the era, being able to routinely conduct night flights via equipment such as searchlights , landing flares , position lights, and general illumination. Various passenger conveniences were present, including individual electric heaters and relatively large glass windows for
64-415: A pair of vertical V-shaped members that joined with oblique steel tubing to connective with the base of the fuselage. The fuselage was internally divided into various sections; the foremost section contained the baggage compartment along with, after which and just forward of the wing, the cockpit. This cockpit provided two seats for its crew, typically comprising one pilot and an assistant. The centre of
80-612: The lavatory . Primary access to the interior was via a single sliding door, while multiple exits were provided across the aircraft to aid in emergency egress. On account of having an entirely unobstructed fuselage base, it was relatively straightforward to convert the aircraft into an armed military configuration, such as that of a bomber or a torpedo plane . Furthermore, its speed and manoeuvrability were sufficient that it could realistically engage in aerial combat despite its carriage of relatively heavy bomb loadouts. The presence of multiple independent engines and its reliability meant that
96-555: The aircraft could be realistically used over the sea. Despite being most commonly seen in lists of ugliest aircraft, following its first flight in 1923, the F.120 won a French airliner competition, the 1923 Grand Prix des Avions de Transports and its 500,000 francs first prize, before seeing service with several European airlines. The F.120 was capable of carrying up to nine passengers, and served on Farman airline's route Paris - Brussels - Amsterdam , but also with Danish Air Lines between Copenhagen and Amsterdam. They served until
112-470: The aircraft had sufficient power that it could still consistently climb even with a single engine out; even the twin-engined model could maintain stable flight on only a single operational engine. The main fuel tanks were housed within the wing, relatively far from the engines; up to two auxiliary fuel tanks could be installed within the engine nacelles , and would operate independently of the main tanks. The aircraft possessed relatively high fuel efficiency for
128-587: The designing of a new commercial aircraft that would, so far as reasonably possible, entirely fulfil these regulations; they had been judged to be of importance of the prospective aircraft's market appeal as various aerial-navigation companies had, formally or otherwise, adopted these regulations as requirements for their own needs. Additionally, the company's design team pursued several other ambitions, including high reliability levels, good onboard comfort levels, favourable flying characteristics, while also being as economically efficient as possible. The F.121 or F.3X
144-447: The era. The F.120 was equipped with a relatively thick wing, possessing a span of 19 m (62.34 ft.) and a chord of 6 m (19.68 ft.) at its centre. Both the thickness and the chord of the wing decrease towards the tips . The supporting framework of the wing was entirely enclosed. Both the spars and struts formed V-shaped girders on either side of the fuselage. The undercarriage consists of two main wheels that were supported by
160-399: The fuselage was occupied by the passenger compartment, which had sufficient space for up to 12 passengers to travel on comfortab1e seats even with a central isle. To the rear of the fuselage was the navigator 's room, which was fairly sizable and provisioned with then-modern instrumentation, including a drift meter , compass , radio set , work table and map holder; adjacent to this room was
176-511: The late 1920s. Data from Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928 , Aviafrance: Farman F-121 General characteristics Performance The american baggage manufacturer Tom Bihn has long used a Farman F.121 Jabiru in its logo. Trimotor A trimotor is a propeller-driven aircraft powered by three internal combustion engines, characteristically one on the nose and one on each wing. A compromise between complexity and safety, such
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#1732856127836192-409: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=F120&oldid=932820933 " Category : Letter–number combination disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Farman F.120 The F.120, which received
208-659: The nickname of Jabiru after a Latin American stork , was a fixed-undercarriage monoplane powered by either two, three or four engines, depending on the variant. It featured an unusually broad chord, low aspect-ratio main wing and a relatively deep fuselage. The trimotor variant had the centerline engine mounted high, which gave the aircraft an unusual appearance. During the early 1920s, the Aero Club of France set out numerous rules and regulations for its commercial airplane contest of 1923. Shortly following their issuing, Farman set about
224-435: The passengers to view the landscape below. The electricity, used by the radio set, illumination, and heating, was supplied from wind -driven generators using compact propellers that could be drawn inside the fuselage when not in use. In comparison to most contemporarily aircraft, the aircraft possessed greater manoeuvrability, possessed relatively high stability, ease of handling, and was relatively easy to land. Dependent on
240-400: The variant of the aircraft, as many as four engines could be installed. No significant structural changes were required for those aircraft equipped with a different number of engines, such as the trimotor and twin-engined variants. Mid-flight access to the engine was provided via special doors, permitting inspection and even minor repairs to be performed by the crew. The four-engined model of
256-412: Was the first version to fly, with four 180 hp Hispano-Suiza 8Ac V8 engines mounted in tandem push-pull pairs mounted on stub wings, however, this arrangement caused cooling problems for the rear engines and the F.120 / F.4X version followed shortly afterwards, powered by three 300 hp Salmson Az.9 radial engines. Development continued and a single F.122 , modified from an F.4X, was powered by
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