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17-680: When officially launched on 11 January 2013, the European Cybercrime Centre was not expected to be fully operational until 2015. It began with a staff of 30, with plans to expand to 40 by the end of 2013. It began operations with a budget of about 3.6 million euros. The head of EC3 reports directly to the head of Europol. The first person to head the department was the former head of Danish domestic intelligence, Troels Oerting  [ de ] , who left Europol in January 2015 to become Barclays ' Chief Intelligence Security Officer. EC3

34-403: A function is defined in lowercase, it can be called in uppercase, but if a variable is defined in lowercase, it cannot be referred to in uppercase. Nim is case-insensitive and ignores underscores, as long as the first characters match. A text search operation could be case-sensitive or case-insensitive, depending on the system, application, or context. The user can in many cases specify whether

51-468: A search is sensitive to case, e.g. in most text editors, word processors, and Web browsers. A case-insensitive search is more comprehensive, finding "Language" (at the beginning of a sentence), "language", and "LANGUAGE" (in a title in capitals); a case-sensitive search will find the computer language "BASIC" but exclude most of the many unwanted instances of the word. For example, the Google Search engine

68-407: A source code tree for software for Unix-like systems might have both a file named Makefile and a file named makefile in the same directory. In addition, some Mac Installers assume case insensitivity and fail on case-sensitive file systems. The older MS-DOS filesystems FAT12 and FAT16 were case-insensitive and not case-preserving, so that a file whose name is entered as readme.txt or ReadMe.txt

85-578: Is basically case-insensitive, with no option for case-sensitive search. In Oracle SQL, most operations and searches are case-sensitive by default, while in most other DBMSes , SQL searches are case-insensitive by default. Case-insensitive operations are sometimes said to fold case , from the idea of folding the character code table so that upper- and lowercase letters coincide. In filesystems in Unix-like systems, filenames are usually case-sensitive (there can be separate readme.txt and Readme.txt files in

102-605: Is saved as README.TXT. Later, with VFAT in Windows 95 the FAT file systems became case-preserving as an extension of supporting long filenames . Later Windows file systems such as NTFS are internally case-sensitive, and a readme.txt and a Readme.txt can coexist in the same directory. However, for practical purposes filenames behave as case-insensitive as far as users and most software are concerned. This can cause problems for developers or software coming from Unix-like environments, similar to

119-592: The European Anti-fraud Office (OLAF). Press releases in 2015 also revealed that EC3 works with American security services, such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). There is some overlap with the responsibilities of the European Union Agency for Network and Information Security (ENISA). At a press conference on 10 February 2014, asked about massive identity theft uncovered by

136-521: The article wizard to submit a draft for review, or request a new article . Search for " Troels Oerting " in existing articles. Look for pages within Misplaced Pages that link to this title . Other reasons this message may be displayed: If a page was recently created here, it may not be visible yet because of a delay in updating the database; wait a few minutes or try the purge function . Titles on Misplaced Pages are case sensitive except for

153-545: The German Federal Criminal Police Office – taking down the ZeroAccess botnet . In 2014, details were revealed of Operation Onymous , which took down a number of Darknet sites, including Pandora , Cloud 9, Hydra, Blue Sky, Topix, Flugsvamp, Cannabis Road, Black Market and Silk Road 2.0 . In 2015, American media reported on a coordinated FBI operation with the assistance of EC3 to take down Dark0de ,

170-621: The German Federal Office for Information Security , the then head of the EC3, Troels Oerting, said that his unit was not responsible for combatting "politically motivated hacking and/or espionage against EU institutions". In February 2014, Troels Oerting reported successes that the unit had had in 2013. These included catching internet extortioners, with 13 arrests. They had also been involved in fighting malware attacks on banks using botnets and – in cooperation with Microsoft and experts from

187-600: The first character; please check alternative capitalizations and consider adding a redirect here to the correct title. If the page has been deleted, check the deletion log , and see Why was the page I created deleted? Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troels_Oerting " Case sensitivity In computers, case sensitivity defines whether uppercase and lowercase letters are treated as distinct ( case-sensitive ) or equivalent ( case-insensitive ). For instance, when users interested in learning about dogs search an e-book , "dog" and "Dog" are of

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204-905: The 💕 Look for Troels Oerting on one of Misplaced Pages's sister projects : [REDACTED] Wiktionary (dictionary) [REDACTED] Wikibooks (textbooks) [REDACTED] Wikiquote (quotations) [REDACTED] Wikisource (library) [REDACTED] Wikiversity (learning resources) [REDACTED] Commons (media) [REDACTED] Wikivoyage (travel guide) [REDACTED] Wikinews (news source) [REDACTED] Wikidata (linked database) [REDACTED] Wikispecies (species directory) Misplaced Pages does not have an article with this exact name. Please search for Troels Oerting in Misplaced Pages to check for alternative titles or spellings. You need to log in or create an account and be autoconfirmed to create new articles. Alternatively, you can use

221-594: The largest English -language communication and trading platform for cybercriminals. As well as the EU member states, there is cooperation with a number of other states, including Australia , Canada , North Macedonia , Norway , Switzerland , Monaco , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Colombia , Moldova , Russia , Turkey , the Republic of Serbia , Montenegro , Ukraine and the United States . Troels Oerting From Misplaced Pages,

238-506: The same directory). MacOS is somewhat unusual in that, by default, it uses HFS+ and APFS in a case-insensitive (so that there cannot be a readme.txt and a Readme.txt in the same directory) but case-preserving mode (so that a file created as readme.txt is shown as readme.txt and a file created as Readme.txt is shown as Readme.txt) by default. This causes some issues for developers and power users , because most file systems in other Unix-like environments are case-sensitive, and, for example,

255-763: The same significance to them. Thus, they request a case-insensitive search. But when they search an online encyclopedia for information about the United Nations , for example, or something with no ambiguity regarding capitalization and ambiguity between two or more terms cut down by capitalization, they may prefer a case-sensitive search. Case sensitivity may differ depending on the situation: Some programming languages are case-sensitive for their identifiers ( C , C++ , Java , C# , Verilog , Ruby , Python and Swift ). Others are case-insensitive (i.e., not case-sensitive), such as ABAP , Ada , most BASICs (an exception being BBC BASIC ), Common Lisp , Fortran , SQL (for

272-508: The syntax, and for some vendor implementations, e.g. Microsoft SQL Server , the data itself) Pascal , Rexx and ooRexx . There are also languages, such as Haskell , Prolog , and Go , in which the capitalisation of an identifier encodes information about its semantics . Some other programming languages have varying case sensitivity; in PHP , for example, variable names are case-sensitive but function names are not case-sensitive. This means that if

289-661: Was tasked with assisting member states in their efforts to dismantle and disrupt cybercrime networks and developing tools and providing training. EC3 works with the European Union Intelligence and Situation Centre (INTCEN), the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNDCP), the World Customs Organization (WCO), the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (EBCG, also known as Frontex), and

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