55-553: Enniskillen Courthouse is a judicial facility in East Bridge Street, Enniskillen , County Fermanagh , Northern Ireland . It is a Grade B listed building. The East Bridge Street site had previously been occupied by a gaol which had been built on the initiative of a Captain Cole who secured permission to proceed with the development in May 1613. The design also involved a sessions house which
110-582: A paedophile ring of at least 20 men in the Enniskillen area. Investigations are continuing. On Census day 2021 there were 14,086 people living in Enniskillen. Of these: On Census day (27 March 2011) there were 13,823 people living in Enniskillen (5,733 households), accounting for 0.76% of the NI total and representing an increase of 1.6% on the Census 2001 population of 13,599. Of these: There are four churches in
165-494: A facility for dispensing justice but, following the implementation of the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 , which established county councils in every county, it also became the meeting place for Fermanagh County Council . In the 1950s, county leaders decided that the courthouse was too cramped to accommodate the county council in the context of the county council's increasing administrative responsibilities, especially while
220-641: A senior ladies' team, a range of male and female youth teams, a vibrant mini section and a disability tag team called The Enniskillen Elks. Enniskillen XV won the Ulster Towns Cup in the 2018/19 season, defeating Ballyclare 19–0. The team currently play in Kukri Ulster Rugby Championship Division 1. The rugby club was formed on 28 August 1925, when 37 attended a meeting in Enniskillen Town Hall. The name Enniskillen Rugby Club
275-403: A symmetrical main frontage with five bays facing onto East Bridge Street; there were square sash windows on the ground floor, rounded headed sash windows on the first floor and a cornice decorated with modillions at roof level: the central section featured a prominent single-storey portico with four Doric order columns supporting a heavy entablature . The building was originally used as
330-416: Is 29.4 °C (84.9 °F) The absolute minimum temperature is −12.9 °C (8.8 °F), recorded during January 1984. In an 'average' year, the coldest night should fall to −8.2 °C (17.2 °F). Lough Navar is a frosty location, with some 76 air frosts recorded in a typical year. It is likely that Enniskillen town centre is significantly less frosty than this. The absolute minimum at St Angelo
385-554: Is high, averaging over 1500 mm. 212 days of the year report at least 1 mm of precipitation, ranging from 15 days during April, May and June, to 20 days in October, November, December, January and March. The Köppen climate classification subtype for this climate is " Cfb " (Marine West Coast Climate/ Oceanic climate ). Anglicisation Anglicisation or Anglicization is a form of cultural assimilation whereby something non-English becomes assimilated into or influenced by
440-479: Is operated by Bus Éireann . Bus service to Enniskillen is provided by both Ulsterbus and Bus Éireann , from Enniskillen bus station. Number 261, 261b and X261 Goldline buses run from Belfast to Enniskillen. Bus Éireann Route 30 runs from Donegal to Dublin Airport/Dublin City via Enniskillen. Enniskillen has a World War II -era airport, Enniskillen/St Angelo Airport . The airport had scheduled flights in
495-631: Is the largest town in County Fermanagh , Northern Ireland. It is in the middle of the county, between the Upper and Lower sections of Lough Erne . It had a population of 14,086 at the 2011 Census . Enniskillen Castle was built in the 15th century as a stronghold of the Maguires , before coming under English control in the early 17th century. The castle and town were expanded during the Plantation of Ulster . It
550-484: Is −14.5 °C (5.9 °F), reported during the record cold month of December 2010. The warmest month on record at St Angelo was August 1995 with a mean temperature of 18.8 °C (65.8 °F) (mean maximum 23.3 °C (73.9 °F), mean minimum 12.9 °C (55.2 °F)), while the coldest month was December 2010, with a mean temperature of −1.8 °C (28.8 °F) (mean maximum 2.9 °C (37.2 °F), mean minimum −5.9 °C (21.4 °F)). Rainfall
605-560: The British Isles , when Celts under the sovereignty of the king of England underwent a process of anglicisation. The Celtic language decline in England was mostly complete by 1000 AD, but continued in Cornwall and other regions until the 18th century. In Scotland , the decline of Scottish Gaelic began during the reign of Malcolm III of Scotland to the point where by the mid-14th century
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#1732859529171660-866: The Danish city København ( Copenhagen ), the Russian city of Moskva ( Moscow ), the Swedish city of Göteborg ( Gothenburg ), the Dutch city of Den Haag ( The Hague ), the Spanish city of Sevilla ( Seville ), the Egyptian city of Al-Qāhira ( Cairo ), and the Italian city of Firenze ( Florence ). The Indian city of Kolkata used to be anglicised as Calcutta , until the city chose to change its official name back to Kolkata in 2001. Anglicisation of words and names from indigenous languages occurred across
715-601: The English-speaking world in former parts of the British Empire . Toponyms in particular have been affected by this process. In the past, the names of people from other language areas were anglicised to a higher extent than today. This was the general rule for names of Latin or (classical) Greek origin. Today, the anglicised name forms are often retained for the more well-known persons, like Aristotle for Aristoteles, and Adrian (or later Hadrian ) for Hadrianus. During
770-543: The Fermanagh & Western 1st Division. Their most notable former player is Michael McGovern who won 32 senior caps for Northern Ireland and as of January 2024 was on loan at Livingston F.C. from parent club Heart of Midlothian F.C. . Enniskillen Town United F.C. currently play their home games at St Michael's GS Pavilion in Enniskillen. Enniskillen Rugby Football Club was founded in 1925 and plays its home games at Mullaghmeen. The club currently fields 4 senior men's teams,
825-675: The Isle of Man and the Channel Islands . Until the 19th century, most significant period for anglicisation in those regions was the High Middle Ages . Between 1000 and 1300, the British Isles became increasingly anglicised. Firstly, the ruling classes of England, who were of Norman origin after the Norman Conquest of 1066, became anglicised as their separate Norman identity, different from
880-542: The River Erne , which surrounds the island, but she never reached the other side, so the island was named in reference to her. It has been anglicised many ways over the centuries – Iniskellen , Iniskellin , Iniskillin , Iniskillen , Inishkellen , Inishkellin , Inishkillin , Inishkillen and so on. The town's oldest building is Enniskillen Castle , built by Hugh (Maguire) the Hospitable who died in 1428. An earthwork,
935-543: The Scots language was the dominant national language among the Scottish people . In Wales , however, the Welsh language has continued to be spoken by a large part of the country's population due to language revival measures aimed at countering historical anglicisation measures such as the Welsh not . In the early parts of the 19th century, mostly due to increased immigration from
990-454: The Siege of Derry . As a direct result of this conflict, Enniskillen developed not only as a market town but also as a garrison, which became home to two regiments. The former site of Fermanagh College at Gaol Square (the college has now moved to the old Erne Hospital site) was the former Enniskillen Gaol . Many people were tried and hanged in the square during the times of public execution. Part of
1045-456: The Welsh educational system . English "was perceived as the language of progress, equality, prosperity, mass entertainment and pleasure". This and other administrative reforms resulted in the institutional and cultural dominance of English and marginalisation of Welsh, especially in the more urban south and north-east of Wales. In 2022, the Commission for Welsh-speaking Communities warned that
1100-777: The conquest of Wales by Edward I , which involved English and Flemish settlers being "planted" in various newly established settlements in Welsh territory. English settlers in Ireland mostly resided in the Pale , a small area concentrated around Dublin . However, much of the land the English settled was not intensively used or densely populated. The culture of settling English populations in Wales and Ireland remained heavy influenced by that of England. These communities were also socially and culturally segregated from
1155-652: The culture of England . It can be sociocultural, in which a non-English or place adopts the English language or culture; institutional, in which institutions are influenced by those of England or the United Kingdom ; or linguistic , in which a non-English term or name is altered due to the cultural influence of the English language. It can also refer to the influence of English soft power , which includes media, cuisine, popular culture, technology, business practices, laws and political systems. Anglicisation first occurred in
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#17328595291711210-513: The 60th-anniversary celebrations of the twinning. Therefore, the future of the twinning is now somewhat unclear. Enniskillen has a maritime climate with a narrow range of temperatures and rainfall. The nearest official Met Office weather station for which online records are available is at Lough Navar Forest, about 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 mi (14 km) northwest of Enniskillen. Data has also more recently been collected from Enniskillen/St Angelo Airport , under 4 mi (6 km) north of
1265-536: The English until 1607. This was part of a wider campaign to bring the province of Ulster under English control; the final capture of Enniskillen Castle in 1607 was followed by the Plantation of Ulster , during which the lands of the native Irish were seized and handed over to planters loyal to the English Crown. The Maguires were supplanted by William Cole , originally from Devon , who was appointed by James I to build an English settlement there in 1612. Captain Cole
1320-542: The Enniskillen Courthouse should be designated a "satellite court" in a proposed rationalisation of the court system. It was downgraded to the status of a "hearing centre", with hearings scheduled for just three days a week, in July 2016. Enniskillen Enniskillen ( / ˌ ɛ n ɪ s ˈ k ɪ l ən / EN -iss- KIL -ən , from Irish : Inis Ceithleann [ˈɪnʲɪʃ ˈcɛlʲən̪ˠ] , ' Ceithlenn 's island')
1375-549: The GNR line, which made it impossible for the SL&;NCR to continue and forced it also to close. The nearest railway station to Enniskillen is Sligo station which is served by multiple trains to Dublin Connolly and is operated by Iarnród Éireann . The Dublin-Sligo railway line has a two-hourly service run by Iarnród Éireann. A connecting bus from Sligo via Manorhamilton to Enniskillen
1430-644: The Happy Days arts festival since 2012, which celebrates "the work and influence of Nobel Prize-winning writer Samuel Beckett" and is the "first annual, international, multi-arts festival to be held in Northern Ireland since the launch of the Ulster Bank Belfast Festival at Queen's in 1962". There are numerous schools and colleges in and around the Enniskillen area, from primary level to secondary level, including some further education colleges such as
1485-642: The Irish Junior Cup five times, most recently in season 2023/24, when they defeated Cleary Celtic FC 2–0 in Stangmore Park, Dungannon, the Fermanagh & Western Division One title 19 times and the Mulhern Cup 16 times. They play their home games at The Ball Range. Enniskillen Rangers have several notable former players including Sandy Fulton and Jim Cleary. Enniskillen Town United F.C. currently play in
1540-649: The Islands. The upper class in the Channel Islands supported anglicising the Islands, due to the social and economic benefits it would bring. Anglophiles such as John Le Couteur strove to introduce English culture to Jersey . Anglicisation was an essential element in the development of British society and of the development of a unified British polity. Within the British Isles , anglicisation can be defined as influence of English culture in Scotland , Wales , Ireland ,
1595-469: The Skonce on the shore of Lough Erne , may be the remains of an earlier motte . The castle was the stronghold of the junior branch of the Maguires . The first watergate was built around 1580 by Cú Chonnacht Maguire , though subsequent lowering of the level of the lough has left it without water. The strategic position of the castle made its capture important for the English in 1593, to support their plans for
1650-419: The Welsh people did not move abroad in search of employment during the early modern era, and thus did not have to learn to speak English. Furthermore, migration patterns created a cultural division of labour, with national migrants tending to work in coalfields or remain in rural villages, while non-national migrants were attracted to coastal towns and cities. This preserved monocultural Welsh communities, ensuring
1705-523: The anglicisation of the Welsh culture and language. Motives for anglicising Wales included securing Protestant England against incursions from Catholic powers in Continental Europe and promoting the power of the Welsh Tudor dynasty in the rest of England. Scholars have argued that industrialisation prevented Wales from being anglicised to the extent of Ireland and Scotland, as the majority of
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1760-622: The city with which Enniskillen is now officially twinned. Though the twinning arrangements are still operational, at a meeting of the Regeneration and Community Committee, in February 2018, it was agreed that the twinning arrangements would be formally terminated at the end of the Council term in June 2018. However, Fermanagh and Omagh District Council still have plans to send representatives to Brackwede for
1815-519: The continued prominence of the Welsh language and customs within them. However, other scholars argue that industrialisation and urbanisation led to economic decline in rural Wales, and given that the country's large towns and cities were anglicised, this led to an overall anglicisation of the nation. The Elementary Education Act 1870 and the Welsh Intermediate Education Act 1889 introduced compulsory English-language education into
1870-669: The control of Ulster . The castle was besieged three times in 1594–95 . The English, led by a Captain Dowdall, captured it in February 1594. Maguire then laid siege to it, and defeated a relieving force at the Battle of the Ford of the Biscuits at Drumane Bridge on the Arney River . Although the defenders were relieved, Maguire gained possession of the castle from 1595 to 1598 and it was not finally captured by
1925-445: The courthouse was still acting as a facility for dispensing justice, and therefore chose to acquire additional premises at County Buildings in May 1960. The courthouse continued to operate as a venue for administering justice until it closed in 1969; however, following a major restoration, it re-opened again on 11 September 1982. In May 2012 the justice minister, David Ford , said that he accepted an inspection report recommending that
1980-434: The decline of French brought about the adoption of more values and social structures from Victorian era England. Eventually, this led to the Channel Islands's culture becoming mostly anglicised, which supplanted the traditional Norman-based culture of the Islands. From 1912, the educational system of the Channel Islands was delivered solely in English, following the norms of the English educational system . Anglicisation
2035-544: The emigration of Anglophones to Welsh-speaking villages and towns was putting the Welsh language at risk. During the 19th and 20th centuries, there was a nationwide effort in the United States to anglicise all immigrants to the US . This was carried out through methods including (but not limited to) mandating the teaching of American English and having all immigrants change their first names to English-sounding names. This movement
2090-403: The identity of the native Anglo-Saxons , became replaced with a single English national identity . Secondly, English communities in Wales and Ireland emphasised their English identities, which became established through the settlement of various parts of Wales and Ireland between the 11th and 17th centuries under the guidance of successive English kings. In Wales, this primarily occurred during
2145-678: The native Irish and Welsh, a distinction which was reinforced by government legislation such as the Statutes of Kilkenny . During the Middle Ages , Wales was gradually conquered by the English. The institutional anglicisation of Wales was finalised with the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 , which fully incorporated Wales into the Kingdom of England . This not only institutionally anglicised Wales, but brought about
2200-443: The old goal is still standing. Enniskillen Town Hall was designed by William Scott and completed in 1901. Enniskillen is the site of the foundation of two British Army regiments: The town's name (with the archaic spelling) continues to form part of the title to The Royal Irish Regiment (27th (Inniskilling) 83rd and 87th and Ulster Defence Regiment) . Enniskillen Castle features on the cap badge of both regiments. Enniskillen
2255-648: The past but now serves mainly private traffic. The town is on the main A4 / N16 route linking Belfast and Sligo, and on the main Dublin to Ballyshannon route, the N3 / A46 / A509 . Enniskillen was originally twinned with Brackwede – a Bielefeld suburb – where the Inniskilling Dragoon Guards were stationed in the late 1950s when the twinning was initiated; however, this suburb was incorporated into Stadt Bielefeld in 1973,
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2310-624: The past, Enniskillen has hosted an array of international events, most notably stages of the World Waterski World Cup, annually from 2005 to 2007 at the Broadmeadow. Despite its success, Enniskillen was not chosen as a World Cup Stop for 2008. In January 2009, Enniskillen hosted the ceremonial start of Rally Ireland 2009, the first stage of the WRC FIA World Rally Championship 2009 Calendar. Enniskillen has hosted
2365-476: The rest of the British Isles, the town of St Helier in the Channel Islands became a predominantly English-speaking place, though bilingualism was still common. This created a divided linguistic geography, as the people of the countryside continued to use forms of Norman French , and many did not even know English. English became seen in the Channel Islands as "the language of commercial success and moral and intellectual achievement". The growth of English and
2420-582: The technical college. Railway lines from Enniskillen railway station linked the town with Derry from 1854, Dundalk from 1861, Bundoran from 1868 and Sligo from 1882. By 1883 the Great Northern Railway (Ireland) absorbed all the lines except the Sligo, Leitrim and Northern Counties Railway , which remained independent throughout its existence. In October 1957 the Government of Northern Ireland closed
2475-403: The town centre, which should in time give a more accurate representation of the climate of the Enniskillen area. The absolute maximum temperature is 29.8 °C (85.6 °F), recorded during July 2006. In an 'average' year, the warmest day is 25.5 °C (77.9 °F) and only 2.4 days a year should rise to 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) or above. The respective absolute maximum for St Angelo
2530-420: The town centre. These are: There are several other churches outside the town centre. Some of these buildings are outside the town. As of season 2023/24, the town has five association football teams, Enniskillen Rangers , Enniskillen Town United F.C. , Enniskillen Athletic, Enniskillen Galaxy and Enniskillen Rovers. Founded in 1953, Enniskillen Rangers are the oldest and most successful of these, having won
2585-455: The town had grown significantly. During the conflict which resulted from the ousting of King James II by his Protestant rival, William III , Enniskillen and Derry were the focus of Williamite resistance in Ireland, including the nearby Battle of Newtownbutler . Enniskillen and Derry were the two garrisons in Ulster that were not wholly loyal to James II, and it was the last town to fall before
2640-560: Was agreed and the club adopted the rules of the Dublin University Football Club . The first match was played on 30 September 1925 against Ballyshannon in County Donegal . Enniskillen Gaels is a Gaelic Athletic Association club founded in 1927. It is based at Brewster Park , Enniskillen. The club has had success in both Gaelic football and hurling winning in both county and provincial competitions. Enniskillen
2695-559: Was built on piers over the gaol which was itself constructed in a vault below ground. Some rebuilding eventually became necessary and the current structure dates to around 1785. After a new gaol had been built in Gaol Square to a design by Sir Richard Morrison in 1815, the East Bridge Street gaol became redundant and so the structure was altered to the designs of William Farrell in the Neoclassical style in 1822. The new design involved
2750-480: Was installed as Constable and strengthened the castle wall and built a "fair house" on the old foundation as the centre point of the county town. The first Protestant parish church was erected on the hilltop in 1627. By 1630 the town had around 180 inhabitants, mostly comprising English and Scottish settlers. The Royal Free School of Fermanagh was moved onto the island in 1643. The first bridges were drawbridges; permanent bridges were not installed before 1688. By 1689
2805-706: Was known as Americanization and is considered a subset of Anglicization due to English being the dominant language in the United States. Linguistic anglicisation is the practice of modifying foreign words, names, and phrases to make them easier to spell, pronounce or understand in English . The term commonly refers to the respelling of foreign words, often to a more drastic degree than that implied in, for example, romanisation . Non-English words may be anglicised by changing their form and/or pronunciation to something more familiar to English speakers. Some foreign place names are commonly anglicised in English. Examples include
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#17328595291712860-435: Was supported by the British government , and it was suggested that anglicisation would not only encourage loyalty and congeniality between the Channel Islands and Britain, but also provide economic prosperity and improved "general happiness". During the 19th century, there was concern over the practise of sending young Channel Islanders to France for education, as they might have brought back French culture and viewpoints back to
2915-413: Was the seat of local government for the former Fermanagh District Council , and is the county town of Fermanagh. The town is in a civil parish of the same name. The town's name comes from the Irish : Inis Ceithleann . This refers to Cethlenn , a figure in Irish mythology who may have been a goddess. Local legend has it that Cethlenn was wounded in battle by an arrow and attempted to swim across
2970-484: Was the site of several events during The Troubles , the most notable being the Remembrance Day bombing in which 11 people were killed. Bill Clinton opened The Clinton Centre in 2002 on the site of the bombing. The Provisional Irish Republican Army claimed responsibility for the attack. In 2019, at least nine men reported to the police and the press and said in public forums that, in the 1980s and 90s, when they were children, they were repeatedly molested and raped by
3025-472: Was the venue of the 39th G8 summit which was held on 17 and 18 June 2013. It was held at the Lough Erne Resort, a five-star hotel and golf resort on the shore of Lough Erne. The gathering was the biggest international diplomatic gathering ever held in Northern Ireland. Among the G8 leaders who attended were British Prime Minister David Cameron , United States President Barack Obama , German Chancellor Angela Merkel , and Russian President Vladimir Putin . In
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