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54-579: Elkridge is located in present-day Howard County, Maryland , west of the Patapsco River , south of Route 1 , and with the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) running through the middle of the historic district. The historic roads are the old Washington Turnpike, now Main Street, Railroad Avenue, Paradise Avenue, Elkridge Heights Road and Furnace Avenue. Pottery has been found dating from 1800 B.C.E. and there

108-557: A deadly flu pandemic swept the county starting with an early outbreak in Camp Meade in adjacent Anne Arundel County. The 1930s saw a shift from one-room schoolhouses to centralized schools with bus service. By 1939 wheat harvesting fell to just 18,800 acres (7,600 ha). In 1940, local newspaper owner Paul Griffith Stromberg led a five-county commission to study a superhighway between Baltimore and Washington through Howard County. The Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 eventually led to

162-642: A district that splits into Anne Arundel County to the south-east, along with two Democratic state delegates. From 1914 to 1968, Howard County was governed by a system of three elected commissioners with four-year terms. Prior to 1962, the only polling location in the county was located in Ellicott City. In May 1962, voters were offered a second location to vote, also in Ellicott City at the National Armory on Montgomery Road. Senator James Clark Jr. proposed

216-399: A family was $ 119,810. Males had a median income of $ 82,307 versus $ 59,128 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 45,294. About 2.8% of families and 4.2% of the population were below the poverty line , including 4.6% of those under age 18 and 5.5% of those age 65 or over. As of the census of 2000, there were 247,842 people, 90,043 households, and 65,821 families residing in

270-501: A five-person County Council and a County Executive in 1965. In 1968, the county implemented a charter form of government. In 1984 a councilmanic referendum was approved, switching council from at-large representation to district representation. The County Council serves as the county's legislative branch; members also provide constituent service and sit as members of the Zoning Board and Liquor Board. The current Howard County Executive

324-684: A planned community that included people from diverse socioeconomic and racial backgrounds. African-Americans have lived in Howard County for centuries, with the African-American population increasing greatly after the 1960s. Immigration from Asia, particularly Korea, India, and China, as well as Latin America, has also contributed to Howard County's diversity. While historically primarily Christian, Howard County now has sizable Jewish , Muslim , and Hindu populations. As of 2019, 18,700 Jewish people lived in

378-686: A quarter million residents by the year 2000. Race relations and desegregation became major issues of the time. From 1963 to 1966 the Rouse Company bought 14,000 acres (5,700 ha) of land and rezoned it for the Columbia Development. In 1972, the Marriott company proposed to build a regional theme park on Rouse-owned land but was denied zoning. The county has a number of properties on the National Register of Historic Places . According to

432-533: A record of acting as a bellwether in state-wide elections since the late 20th century: Since at least the 1950s, Howard County has voted for the successful senatorial candidate in both Maryland's Class I and Class III seats, and since 1998 the county has voted for the successful gubernatorial candidate, voting for Republican Bob Ehrlich in the 2002 gubernatorial election , Democrat Martin O'Malley in 2006 and 2010 , Republican Larry Hogan in 2014 and 2018 , and Democrat Wes Moore in 2022 . Since 1984,

486-691: Is Democrat Calvin Ball III , who was elected in November 2018 and took office on December 3, 2018. The county is entirely within Maryland's 3rd congressional district , represented by Democrat John Sarbanes . The County Council adopts ordinances and resolutions, and has all of the county's legislative powers. There are five council districts throughout the county. The current County Council as of December 2022 includes 4 Democrats and 1 Republican. Statistics for July 2014 indicate that Howard County's unemployment rate

540-965: Is also a housing developer, acquiring, constructing, and rehabilitating properties to expand affordable homeownership and rental opportunities in Howard County. Examples of the Commission’s development activities include: Howard County Housing has also provided financial assistance for several other affordable and mixed-income housing projects, including Columbia Commons, Owen Brown Place, Parkview at Snowden River, Ellicott City Emerson, Port Capital Village and Patuxent Square. Howard County Housing continues its activity to expand affordable housing opportunities, sometimes with non-profit and private sector partners, and by using layered financing sources, including Howard County Government funding, Low-Income Housing Tax Credits, State of Maryland financing, and various federal and private financing sources. Howard County Housing’s portfolio includes units intentionally developed as

594-408: Is at 5.2 percent (7,527 persons). Howard County Public School System employs 8,136 of which 4,670 are teachers. The County Government employs 3,323 outside of the school system with 672 police, 482 public works, and 472 fire and rescue employees. The top ten private sector employers in Howard County are as follows: Awards and recognitions achieved by Howard County or locations within it include

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648-598: Is bounded on the north and northeast by the Patapsco River , on the southwest by the Patuxent River , and on the southeast by a land border with Anne Arundel County. Both the Patapsco and Patuxent run largely through publicly accessible parkland along the county borders. The Patuxent border includes the Triadelphia and Rocky Gorge reservoirs . Howard County lies in the humid subtropical climate zone. As one travels west in

702-661: Is evidence of settlement along the Patapsco River until 1500 C.E. In 1690 the town and seaport of Elkridge Landing was settled in the Patapsco Valley of the Colony of Maryland . It was a deep-water port, with a channel about 10 to 14 feet deep, that brought ships inland from the Chesapeake Bay . Tobacco casks, or hogsheads , were rolled down Rolling Hill to the port by "long strings of slaves" and boarded ships. Manufactured iron

756-572: Is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Recent county development has led to some realignment towards the Washington, D.C. media and employment markets. The county is home to Columbia , a major planned community of approximately 100,000, founded in 1967. Howard County is frequently cited for its affluence, quality of life, and excellent schools. Its estimated 2020 median household income of $ 124,042 (~$ 143,882 in 2023) makes it one of

810-490: The 2020 United States census , there were 328,200 people by June 1, 2020 The population density was 1,300 inhabitants per square mile (500/km ) As of the 2010 United States census , there were 287,085 people, 104,749 households, and 76,333 families residing in the county. The population density was 1,144.9 inhabitants per square mile (442.0/km ). There were 109,282 housing units at an average density of 435.8 per square mile (168.3/km ). The racial makeup of

864-581: The Piscataway and Susquehannock peoples. The Maryland Historical Trust has documented Indigenous sites along the Patapsco, Patuxent, Middle and Little Patuxent River valleys. In 1652, the Susquehannock tribes signed a peace treaty with Maryland, giving up their provenance over the territory that is now Howard County. In 1800, the mean center of U.S. population as calculated by the US Census Bureau

918-515: The U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 253 square miles (660 km ), of which 251 square miles (650 km ) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km ) (1.0%) is water. It is the second-smallest county in Maryland by land area and smallest by total area. Howard County is located in the Piedmont Plateau region of Maryland, with rolling hills making up most of the landscape. It

972-575: The wealthiest counties in the US . Many of the most affluent communities in the area, such as Clarksville , Dayton , Glenelg , Glenwood , and West Friendship , are located along the Route 32 corridor in Howard County. The main population center of Columbia/Ellicott City is regularly ranked in Money magazine 's Top 10 "Best Places to Live". According to data from the U.S. Census Bureau , Howard County ranks fourth in

1026-681: The " Maryland Line " of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War , commander notably at the Battle of Cowpens in South Carolina in 1781, among others. He was the fifth governor of Maryland , serving from 1788 to 1791. Prior to the European colonization of what is now Howard County in the 1600s, the area served as farming and hunting grounds for Indigenous peoples including

1080-481: The 1800s and 1900s, Howard County was a predominantly white and mainly rural county with a small population. In 1950, the population was only 23,000. Since the 1950s, the county's population has increased tenfold and has diversified into a majority minority county. Almost half of Howard County's population identified as non-Hispanic and/or non-white by 2017. Much of the racial diversification of Howard County came after 1967, when The Rouse Company designed Columbia to be

1134-1011: The Affordable Housing Advocates, the Columbia Downtown Housing Board, the Maryland Association of Counties , the Regional Fair Housing Group, the Maryland Association of Housing and Redevelopment Agencies , the Housing Association of Non-profit Developers , the National Association of Housing and Redevelopment Officials and the Opportunity Collaborative . Additional Howard County Housing activities and programs include, but are not limited to, Shared Appreciation Homeownership, Shared Equity Homeownership, Lease-Purchase Program,

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1188-569: The County of Ann-Arundel. At that time 40 lots were created on 30 acres of land purchased near or on the Patapasco River. Caleb Dorsey, an ironmaster aware of iron ore found in the Patapsco River valley, established Dorsey's Forge in 1761. It ran on water power from the river and made nails and horseshoes. During the American Revolutionary War he made cannons and bayonets . As of 1787 there were 9 or more slaves that worked his operation. In 1822

1242-606: The Howard County Housing Commission. The Department is Howard County Government’s housing agency, and the Commission is a public housing authority and non-profit. Both have boards that meet monthly. The Department administers various federal, state, and local funds which provide affordable housing and support for community development activities. Federal program examples are HUD's Community Development Block Grant and HOME Investment Partnerships Programs . In 1963,

1296-485: The January 1851 constitutional convention, Thomas Beale Dorsey submitted a petition led by James Sykes. A committee was formed with Dorsey, Bowie, Smith, Harbine and Ricaud. After several postponements, the district was erected officially as Howard County on July 4, 1851, after the approval of the new constitution at the election held June 4, 1851. The plantations of modern Howard County used slave labor as early as 1690. At

1350-556: The Maryland Constitution in November 1864. On May 1, 1883, Howard County joined Anne Arundel County and Harford County in liquor prohibition. By 1899, Howard County contained 400 miles (640 km) of dirt and 48 miles (77 km) of stone roads, including three paid turnpikes maintained by 118 men. Most traffic consisted of loads delivered to rail crossings. In 1909, County Commissioners Hess, Werner and O'Neil were charged with malfeasance regarding contract bids. In 1918,

1404-466: The Patapsco River's shipping channel at Elkridge Landing and up to Baltimore . In 1763, half of Anne Arundel's tobacco production was processed at the landing: 1,695 hogsheads. Christ Church Guilford taxed the tobacco to pay for the local sheriff and church expenses. On April 12, 1733, the Maryland General Assembly voted to make Elkridge Landing the town of Jansen-Town in what was then

1458-555: The Patapsco, which once hoped to be the rival of Baltimore." The town became more prosperous when the Washington Turnpike and the railroad traversed through the town, resulting in new residential and commercial construction. During the American Civil War Union troops were deployed to protect both bridges. In the 1930s when Route 1 skirted the city, many commercial buildings moved alongside the highway. An application

1512-451: The Rowling house were surveyed by William Cromwell on 7 February 1743. The site was purchased by Caleb and Edward Dorsey and named "Calebs and Edwards Friendship". Mining for ironstone on the banks of the Patapsco River dumped sand and earth dumped into the river, closing the port of Elkridge Landing after the first half of the 1700s. A 1753 law was enacted to prevent the further filling in of

1566-410: The age of 18 living with them, 58.9% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 27.1% were non-families, and 21.9% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.72, and the average family size was 3.20. The median age was 38.4 years. The median income for a household in the county was $ 103,273, and the median income for

1620-428: The age of 18 living with them, 60.50% were married couples living together, 9.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.90% were non-families. 20.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71, and the average family size was 3.18. In the county, the population was spread out, with 28.10% under

1674-406: The age of 18, 6.30% from 18 to 24, 34.40% from 25 to 44, 23.80% from 45 to 64, and 7.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.90 males. The median income for a household in the county was $ 101,003, and the median income for a family was $ 117,186 in 2009. The per capita income

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1728-681: The annual Housing Matters Mini Fair, quarterly Moderate Income Housing Unit Buyers & Renters Workshop, monthly First Time Homebuyer Freddie Mac Education Workshop, the bi-annual Landlord-Tenant Essentials Workshop, the annual "Mortgage Late? Don’t Wait!" Foreclosure Workshop and other events on relevant topics. Howard County Housing also participates in community programs such as the Howard County Department of Citizen Services' 50+EXPO and other community events and meetings when requested. Howard County Housing maintains an active role in local, state and nationwide industry organizations such as

1782-537: The business was purchased by Thomas, James and Benjamin Ellicott from Pennsylvania. It was first named Avalon Iron Works , but then became a nail factory and rolling mill. More than 100 people worked at the complex by the 1850s. The forge, factory and mill were destroyed in a flood in 1868. Two structures that remained are in the Patapsco Valley State Park . By 1880, the town was described as "A sorry village on

1836-442: The construction of Interstate 70 across northern Howard County and Interstate 95 across the eastern part of the county. The sparsely populated county hosted population centers in Ellicott City, Elkridge, Savage, North Laurel and Lisbon with W.R. Grace and Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Lab as the largest new employers. Residents elected officials that campaigned to keep the county rural while planners prepared public works to support

1890-433: The county away from the Baltimore area, the winter temperatures get lower and winter snow is more common. Annual rainfall is about 45 inches (1,100 mm) throughout the county. Over a 60-year period from 1950 to 2010, there were 394 National Climatic Data Center reportable events causing 617 injuries, and 99 fatalities. There were 9 reported tornadoes, reaching a maximum of F2, with no recorded fatalities. For much of

1944-591: The county has also voted for the state-wide presidential winner, a streak of 10 straight presidential elections. At the state level of government, Howard County is represented by nine Democrats in the Maryland House of Delegates and three Democrats in the Maryland Senate . One Democratic state senator from the county represents a district that spills into Montgomery County to the west, as do two Democratic state delegates. Another Democratic state senator represents

1998-411: The county was 62.2% white, 17.5% Black or African American, 14.4% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 2.0% from other races, and 3.6% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 5.8% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 17.7% were German , 13.9% were Irish , 10.6% were English , 7.0% were Italian , and 4.6% were American . Of the 104,749 households, 39.3% had children under

2052-539: The county, making up 5.8% of the total population. More than 6,000 non-Jewish people in the county have Jewish people in their households. As of 2010, only 1% of Jews in the county were Orthodox , while one-third each were Conservative and Reform and one-quarter were secular or non-denominational. In the same year, one-quarter of the Jewish community were poor or financially insecure, 17% made less than $ 50,000 per year, and half made annual incomes of $ 100,000 or more. As of

2106-573: The county. The population density was 983 inhabitants per square mile (380/km ). There were 92,818 housing units at an average density of 368 per square mile (142/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 74.33% White, 14.42% Black, 0.24% Native American, 7.68% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 1.11% from other races, and 2.19% from two or more races. 3.02% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 15.1% were of German, 11.0% Irish, 9.3% English, 6.6% Italian and 5.7% American ancestry. There were 90,043 households, out of which 40.00% had children under

2160-520: The following Census-designated places in the county: Unincorporated places not listed as Census-designated places but known in the area include: 39°14′7″N 76°56′29″W  /  39.23528°N 76.94139°W  / 39.23528; -76.94139 Howard County Housing and Community Development Howard County Housing is the umbrella organization for the Howard County Department of Housing and Community Development and

2214-609: The following: Howard County does not have any commercial or public-use airport facilities. A 1967 Airport Study Commission recommended a facility for 150–250 aircraft to provide economic development, but was not initiated. With the closure of Haysfield Airport in 2012, there is one privately owned airstrip, Glenair Airport in Glenelg . Commercial air service is provided by Baltimore/Washington International Airport , Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport , and Washington Dulles International Airport . The Census Bureau recognizes

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2268-539: The list for all Maryland school districts. Reservoir High School is currently the largest school in the county with over 1,900 students. In 2013 Howard County Library System was selected as the Library of the Year by Library Journal and cited by editor-at-large, John N. Berry, as "a 21st-century library model, with a position, doctrine, purpose, and curriculum worthy of study and consideration by every library in America, if not

2322-483: The nation for educational attainment, with an estimated 63.6% of residents 25 and over holding a bachelor's degree or higher. In 2022, the Howard County Public School System was ranked the best school district in Maryland. In 2010, the center of population of Maryland was located in the Howard County town of Jessup . The name of the county honors Colonel John Eager Howard , an officer in

2376-456: The neighborhood. Howard County, Maryland Howard County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland . As of the 2020 census , the population was 334,529. Since there are no incorporated municipalities, there is no incorporated county seat either. Therefore, its county seat is the unincorporated community of Ellicott City . Howard County is part of the larger Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area . The county

2430-595: The railroads in the 19th century, architecture and its archaeological potential. In 2015, the Howard County Council approved a payment-in-lieu of taxes agreement for Riverwatch, a middle-income townhouse and apartment development built by the KB Companies in coordination with the Howard County Housing and Community Development on Furnace Avenue replacing a series of small historic single family homes in

2484-483: The three-member board of county commissioners started a low-income housing program in Ellicott City by condemning properties in African American areas and rebuilding subsidized apartments. Better Consultants of Bryn Mawr, PA was hired to study if the county should bypass federal housing financing requirements and self-finance its housing program under its regulations. Before becoming a dedicated department, Housing

2538-631: The time of the Underground Railroad , some Howard County residents assisted slaves who were escaping to freedom. This was particularly risky, as many prominent plantation families were Confederate sympathizers during the Civil War , contributing militiamen to the South to protect local interests. Maryland was exempt from the Emancipation Proclamation , later abolishing slavery in the update of

2592-773: The vanguard for the nation's affordable, green and mixed-income housing. Howard County Housing has a menu of rental assistance programs. The menu is as follows: Howard County, Maryland, is an entitlement jurisdiction. Thus, it has been approved by the Department of Housing and Urban Development to receive federal grant funds to affirmatively further fair housing through activities and projects that create, support or supplement affordable housing. The menu of community development programs are as follows: Howard County Housing engages in community education and outreach by either solely hosting or partnering with other entities to host events such as its annual Come Home to Howard County Housing Fair ,

2646-700: The world." In 2015 the Howard County Library System was designated the top Star Library in its class. Howard County has voted for the Democratic presidential candidate in every election from 1992 on. In the 2020 presidential election , Democratic Party candidate Joe Biden received the highest percentage of Howard County's votes of any presidential candidate in the history of the county. The less populated western and northern parts of Howard County lean Republican. The more heavily populated southern and eastern parts are heavily Democratic. Howard County has

2700-414: Was $ 44,120. About 2.70% of families and 4.00% of the population were below the poverty line . The Howard County Public School System , the school district for the entire county, manages 71 schools and serves approximately 49,000 students. The graduation rate from this school district was 90.4% in 2009, and the county's schools are ranked among the best in the state. Student test scores consistently top

2754-609: Was also shipped out of the port. Native Americans lived north of the Elkridge Landing site in 1692 and rangers were appointed among the settlers to keep watch. Around 1725, a 28-by-16-foot "Rowling House" with clapboard siding was built on the landing to store tobacco rolled in hogsheads to market. In 1727, the state ended the practice of having ship sailors personally retrieve hogsheads of tobacco. Inland tobacco farms increased productivity by rolling their own hogsheads to ports of Baltimore, Annapolis, and Elkridge. Six acres around

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2808-516: Was found in what is now Howard County. In 1838, Dr. William Watkins of Richland Manor proposed the "Howard District" of Anne Arundel County . After several adjournments, the area of western Anne Arundel County was designated the Howard District in 1839. The district had the same status as a county except that it was not separately represented in the Maryland General Assembly . In 1841, the county built its first courthouse in Ellicott City. At

2862-551: Was handled by the position of Housing Administrator. Aaron J Roach filled the position until 1979 when he was indicted for using housing funds and crews for his residence. In 1990, the County formed the Howard County Housing and Community Development. Established in 1991, the Commission administers 50 federally funded public housing units, between 1,000 and 1,200 federally funded housing choice vouchers, and owns over 1,200 affordable and market-rate rental units. The Commission

2916-527: Was submitted in 2003 to make it a historic district and is now on the Inventory of Historic Properties with the Maryland Historical Trust . There are business and residential properties built between the 1820s and 1920s within the district. It is one of the oldest settlements in Howard County, Maryland. Elkridge Landing is significant for its historic iron and shipping industries, role in development of

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