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110-537: Ord was born in Cumberland, Maryland , the son of James and Rebecca Ord. Family tradition made James Ord the illegitimate son of George IV of the United Kingdom and Maria Fitzherbert but, instead, he may have been the son of Ralph Ord, who was baptised at Wapping, Middlesex, in 1757, the son of John Ord, a factor (agent) from Berwick-upon-Tweed. Historian James Munson has concluded that Mrs Fitzherbert had no child by

220-567: A Native American Romeo and Juliet legend. The tale tells how a jilted lover met his end by jumping off this ledge. Today, the rocks high above the water provide extensive views of the Allegheny Mountains . Lover's Leap has been frequently romanticized by postcard pictures of this valley, including those taken by George Steward in 1950 and published in the 1953 book U.S. 40 . Lover's Leap is 1,652 feet (504 m) above sea level and made up of oddly squared projections of rock, from its top, all

330-507: A colored YMCA on Independence Street, and was named the Mary Hoye school. In 1923 a new school for blacks was built on Frederick Street. In 1941 an election was held of students and faculty, and the school was renamed George Washington Carver School . In addition to serving the local population, many black people from surrounding areas in West Virginia sent their children to Carver because of

440-535: A four-year degree in 2000, about average when compared with the city and the county at large, and the percentage of those residents with more than a high school diploma was high for the county. San Pedro is served by the Los Angeles Unified School District . The area is within Board District 7. As of 2023, Tanya Ortiz Franklin represents the district. San Pedro High School , Mary Star of

550-609: A junction with Interstate 79 . US 40 heads northwestward into southern Pennsylvania . U.S. Route 220 also passes through Cumberland, mostly concurrent with I-68 and US 40. However, near the city limits on either end of its route through the city, US 220 diverges north and south from I-68 and US 40. To the north, US 220 heads for Bedford , Pennsylvania, while southwards, it reaches Keyser . Other significant roads serving Cumberland include U.S. Route 40 Alternate , Maryland Route 51 , Maryland Route 61 , Maryland Route 639 and Maryland Route 807 . The primary public transportation in

660-511: A land surveyor. In the latter role, he completed a 1854-55 survey near San Pedro that would subdivide the future town of Wilmington from the Dóminguez family's Rancho San Pedro . The same work claimed navigable waters of the adjacent estuary as federal public domain. Both results would become a foundation for development of the Port of Los Angeles in the early twentieth century. Ord transferred back to

770-468: A major waterfront food hall and park under development, slated to open in 2024. Warehouse 1, the largest warehouse west of Chicago at the time it was built in 1917, is now a California State Historical Landmark, while a historic naval warehouse built in 1944 houses Crafted at the Port of Los Angeles , a permanent craft marketplace. The Frank Gehry –designed Cabrillo Marine Aquarium had its origins in

880-521: A major city in Southern California. San Pedro was a township in the 1860 census. The township consisted of the present-day South Bay communities, Compton and western Long Beach . Census records report a population of 359 in 1860. The township was renamed Wilmington Township for 1870. In 1906, the city of Los Angeles annexed the Harbor Gateway , a long, narrow strip of land connecting

990-535: A major international seaport, is partially located within San Pedro. The district has grown from being dominated by the fishing industry, to a working-class community within the city of Los Angeles, to an increasingly dense and diverse community. The peninsula, including all of San Pedro, was the homeland of the Tongva for thousands of years, home to the village of Chowigna along and the nearby Suangna . In other areas of

1100-511: A male householder with no wife present, and 46.0% were non-families. 38.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.89. The median age in the city was 41.4 years. 20.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.1% were from 25 to 44; 26.2% were from 45 to 64; and 19.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of

1210-806: A more unselfish, manly, and patriotic person never lived". He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery , in Arlington, Virginia . General Ord's son, Edward O. C. Ord, Jr., was also an Army officer. Ord, Jr. was a hereditary member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States , the Sons of the American Revolution , and the Sons of the Revolution . Cumberland, Maryland Cumberland

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1320-481: A prisoner exchange in Virginia, Ord spoke with Confederate General James Longstreet . During their conversation, the subject of peace talks came up. Ord suggested that a first step might be for Lee and Grant to have a meeting. General Longstreet carried this idea back to General Lee, who wrote to Grant about the possibility of a "military convention" in the interest of finding what Lee called "a satisfactory adjustment of

1430-506: A prominent Mexican general Jerónimo Treviño . While working in Mexico, Ord contracted yellow fever . He became seriously sick while on his way from Vera Cruz to New York. He was taken ashore at Havana, Cuba , where he died in the evening of July 22, 1883. On the occasion of his death, General Sherman said of Ord, "As his intimate associate since boyhood, the General here bears testimony of him that

1540-639: A separate trail/path extension, called the Great Allegheny Passage , has been developed that leads to Pittsburgh as its western terminus. Cumberland is the only city of at least 20,000 residents, outside of the Pittsburgh and DC metro areas, that lies on this combined 300+ mile stretch. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 10.15 square miles (26.29 km ), of which 10.08 square miles (26.11 km )

1650-523: A soldier detachment were assigned to protect the survey parties of the Wheeler Survey as they worked in the vicinity of northeastern Utah. In 1876, Ord was appointed military governor of the Fourth Military District which included Mississippi and Arkansas. Ord retired from the army in 1881 with the rank of brevet major general, and at this time, General Sherman wrote of him, "He has had all

1760-597: A sub-base of Los Angeles Air Force Base , serves as privatized housing and an administrative annex for Department of Defense service members and dependents under the management of Tierra Vista Communities. The United States Coast Guard 's Sector Los Angeles-Long Beach is based at Coast Guard Base LA/LB on Terminal Island in San Pedro. Base LA/LB is home to many tenant commands including Aids to Navigation Team LA/LB , Maritime Safety and Security Team 91103 , Port Security Unit 311 , CGIS Pacific Region DET , CG Motion Picture Office, 4 Sentinel-class Fast Response Cutters,

1870-537: A survey of the public lands in order to sell them, and Ord was hired as the surveyor. He chose William Rich Hutton as his assistant, and together the two mapped Los Angeles in July and August 1849. Thanks to the efforts of these two men, historians have a fairly good view of what the Pueblo de Los Angeles looked like in the middle of the 19th century. Lieutenant Ord surveyed the pueblo and his assistant Hutton sketched many scenes of

1980-551: A turning point, as it was the last major manufacturing plant in the city limits to close its doors. The population of the city has continued to decline since 1990, with the 2010 census population of 20,859 the lowest since the 1900 census. As of the census of 2010, there were 20,859 people, 9,223 households, and 4,982 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,069.3 inhabitants per square mile (799.0/km ). There were 10,914 housing units at an average density of 1,082.7 per square mile (418.0/km ). The racial makeup of

2090-433: A vibrant Japanese immigrant community of about 3,000 people who lived in what had been described as a "typical Japanese Fishing Village" on Terminal Island (East San Pedro). These Japanese immigrants pioneered albacore fishing out of San Pedro Bay and harvesting abalone off White Point, thus leading the way in establishing a viable fishing industry in San Pedro. The 48-hour forced expulsion of these San Pedro residents and

2200-427: Is Ray Morriss, who was elected in 2018 after defeating two-term incumbent Brian Grim. The current city council members are Eugene T. Frazier, Richard J. "Rock" Cioni, Laurie P. Marchini, and James Furstenberg. The city council holds public meetings twice per month. In fiscal year 2021, the city government recognized $ 46.4   million in revenue, and it incurred $ 42.2   million of expenses. During that period,

2310-593: Is WFWM, at Frostburg, Maryland. Allegany Magazine is a recent media addition. The Cumberland Times-News is the area's daily newspaper. Water and sewer service is supplied by the City of Cumberland. The municipal watershed is located to the north within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Water is drawn from two lakes on city land, Gordon and Koon. Electricity service is supplied by the Potomac Edison Company , which

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2420-538: Is a city in and the county seat of Allegany County, Maryland , United States. At the 2020 census , the city had a population of 19,075. Located on the Potomac River , Cumberland is a regional business and commercial center for Western Maryland and the Potomac Highlands of West Virginia . It is the primary city of the Cumberland metropolitan area , which had 95,044 residents in 2020. Historically, Cumberland

2530-430: Is a compact notched valley that Wills Creek has carved into Wills Mountain . Inventor Frederick John Bahr bought Wills Mountain and built his log cabin on top. The National Road ( U.S. Route 40 ) and a number of railroad lines pass through this steep, narrow, and rocky river valley on the edge of Cumberland. On the northeast side of Wills Mountain, sits a rocky outcropping known as Lover's Leap . The name comes from

2640-534: Is a public charter high school, fusing a college preparatory program with elective coursework in International Business and Maritime Studies. Such studies reinforce the significant impact of California's ports on the global economy and international trade. As of 2012, test scores tended to be higher in the area's elementary schools than in its middle and high schools. Under certain specific circumstances, residents of San Pedro may be admitted into schools in

2750-671: Is a unit of FirstEnergy , while natural gas service is supplied by Columbia Gas of Maryland . There was once a working oil well that pumped crude oil from a location near the Fruit Bowl in the Cumberland Narrows. Hospitals include UPMC Western Maryland and Thomas B. Finan Center . The Greater Cumberland Regional Airport (Airport-ID: CBE) provides local air transportation to the Cumberland area, located in Wiley Ford , West Virginia , to

2860-453: Is considered highly diverse ethnically, with a diversity index of 63.0. In 2000, whites made up 44.2% of the population, Latinos were at 40.8%, blacks at 6.1%, Asians at 4.8% and others at 4.1%. Mexico and Italy were the most common places of birth for the 24.5% of the residents who were born abroad, considered a low percentage of foreign-born when compared with the city as a whole. The $ 57,508 median household income in 2008 dollars

2970-652: Is in the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians at the junction of the North Branch Potomac River and Wills Creek . The majority of the land within the city lies in a valley created by the junction of these two streams. Interstate 68 runs through the city in an east–west direction, as does Alternate U.S. 40 , the Old National Road . U.S. Highway 220 runs north–south. Parts of Wills Mountain , Haystack Mountain , and Shriver Ridge are also within

3080-828: Is land and 0.07 square miles (0.18 km ) is water. Cumberland lies at the beginning of the transition from a humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfa ) to a humid subtropical climate ( Cfa ), although bearing far more characteristics of the former, with a range of temperatures significantly lower than those in the central and eastern part of Maryland, mostly in the form of depressed nighttime lows. The region has four distinct seasons, with hot, humid summers, and moderate winters (compared to surrounding communities, Cumberland receives milder winters and less snow). Monthly daily mean temperatures range from 31.9 °F (−0.1 °C) in January to 76.8 °F (24.9 °C) in July, with temperatures exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) on 34.5 days of

3190-457: Is located at Canal Place , the western terminus of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal , and intersection of the railroad, canal, and Allegheny Highlands Trail of Maryland . Allegany Museum exhibits include local prehistoric life, the Cumberland glassware industry, Kelly Springfield Tire Company, MeadWestvaco, the Cumberland brewing industry, and folk art on the building's second floor. The Narrows

3300-554: Is located downtown at Queen City Drive and East Harrison Street. The Western Maryland Scenic Railroad operates steam and diesel excursion trains from Cumberland to Frostburg and back. CSX had a large hump yard for full service to Pittsburgh over Sand patch grade to the west, the Grafton, West Virginia , line to the south, & the Baltimore, Maryland , line to the east. The webcomic The Adventures of Dr. McNinja by Christopher Hastings

3410-958: Is one of the oldest surviving synagogue buildings in the United States. Also of note are the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park Terminus at Canal Place, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park, the Allegheny Highlands Trail of Maryland, the Cumberland Masonic Temple, the Allegany Arts Council, Rocky Gap State Park, Cumberland Narrows along Wills Creek, on Alternate U.S. 40. Cumberland's has Council–manager government composed of an elected mayor, four elected city council members, and an appointed city administrator. Cumberland's current mayor

Edward Ord - Misplaced Pages Continue

3520-595: Is represented in the House of Representatives by Democrat David Trone , and is represented by Maryland's two Senators , Democrats Ben Cardin and Chris Van Hollen , the former of which operates a field office in Downtown Cumberland. In 1864 the state legislature provided funds, and a structure for obtaining local funds from taxes and private donations for the purpose of funding schools for Negroes. The first public school for African-Americans in Cumberland operated in

3630-483: Is set in part in a fictionalized version of Cumberland. San Pedro, Los Angeles San Pedro ( / s æ n ˈ p iː d r oʊ / san PEE -droh ; Spanish for ' Saint Peter ') is a neighborhood located within the South Bay and Harbor region of the city of Los Angeles, California , United States. Formerly a separate city, it consolidated with Los Angeles in 1909. The Port of Los Angeles ,

3740-593: Is the Battleship Iowa museum and attraction, the Los Angeles Maritime Museum (the largest maritime museum in California), and the museum ship SS Lane Victory (a fully operational Victory ship of World War II and National Historic Landmark ). Ports O' Call Village , a tourist destination, which provided shopping venues, waterfront eateries, was demolished in 2019 to make way for West Harbor ,

3850-892: Is under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Baltimore , and is partially run by the School Sisters of Notre Dame . Lighthouse Christian Academy is a K-12 Christian school, co-located with the Central Assembly of God church on Bedford Street on the north edge of the city's limits. Approximately 39,000 people hold library cards in Allegany County, with libraries such as Washington Street Library and Lavale Public Library and several others. Cumberland has several media outlets; most carry some form of satellite programming. WCBC-AM and WFRB-FM have some local news content, but do not have reporters collecting it. The closest public radio station

3960-505: The Appomattox Campaign . Maj. Gen. John Gibbon 's corps of Ord's army played a significant role in the breakthrough at Petersburg . On April 9, he led a forced march to Appomattox Court House to relieve Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan 's cavalry and force Lee's surrender. General Sherman said that he "had always understood that [Ord's] skillful, hard march the night before was one of the chief causes of Lee's surrender." General Ord

4070-515: The Dalmatia (especially the islands of Brač , Hvar , Vis and Korčula ) region, has been present in San Pedro since the settlement began more than 200 years ago. The City of Los Angeles even named a stretch of 9th Street "Croatian Place" in honor of the city's old Croatian community. The Norwegian presence can be felt at the Norwegian Seamen's Church . Until February 1942, San Pedro was home to

4180-617: The Department of Arkansas (1866–67), the Fourth Military District (1867–68), and the Department of California (1868–71). Ord commanded the Department of the Platte from December 11, 1871, until April 11, 1875, when he was reassigned as the commander of the Department of Texas . He served in that role until his retirement on December 6, 1880. While he was stationed in Texas, he supervised

4290-663: The Emergency Shipbuilding Program , including the SS Lane Victory , now a designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark museum ship in San Pedro. The neighborhood is bordered to the north by the fellow Los Angeles City neighborhood of Harbor City and the city of Torrance , to the east by the Los Angeles City neighborhood of Wilmington and the city of Long Beach , to the south by the Pacific Ocean , and to

4400-465: The Hawaiian Islands to deter Japanese aggression until the attack on Pearl Harbor . The fleet post office , supply depot, fuel depot, degaussing range, ECM repair facility, and naval training schools for small craft, fire fighters, merchant ship communications, and anti-submarine attack remained at San Pedro through World War II; but the battle fleet never returned. San Pedro was selected as

4510-953: The LADOT DASH San Pedro line travels up and down Western, and the LADOT Commuter Express travels west to Downtown Long Beach. Line 950 of the Los Angeles Metro Busway 's J Line terminates in downtown San Pedro. The line runs north to Downtown Los Angeles following the Harbor Freeway (I-110) and Harbor Transitway before following the El Monte Busway along the San Bernardino Freeway (I-10) east to its northeastern terminus in El Monte . Heading south from Harbor Beacon Park & Ride along Beacon Street,

Edward Ord - Misplaced Pages Continue

4620-585: The Los Angeles Basin archeological sites date back to at least about 10,000 years old. The Tongva used seafaring plank canoes or te'aats , found all throughout the coastline, to travel to and from the Channel Islands and along the coastline. The boats are still constructed by the Tongva today and retain a cultural significance. First contact with Europeans occurred in 1542 with Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo ,

4730-531: The Ohio Country and the lands in that latitude of the Louisiana Purchase . It also became an industrial center, served by major roads, railroads, and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal , which connected Cumberland to Washington, D.C. and is now a national historical park . Today, Interstate 68 bisects the town. Industry declined after World War II , leading urban, business, and technological development in

4840-568: The Pacific Northwest . The War Department transferred him in December 1852 to the U.S. Coast Survey , which sent him to California to work on the geodetic survey of Southern California's coast and Channel Islands (California) . Ord's efforts improved navigation safety as the gold rush increased both ship traffic and accidents. While assigned to Coast Survey duty, Ord divided his time between San Francisco and Los Angeles and continued to hire on as

4950-597: The Palos Verdes Peninsula Unified School District located in the neighboring Palos Verdes Peninsula ; specifically they may attend Miraleste Intermediate School and Palos Verdes High School . This admittance is only granted if a student's parent or guardian is enlisted in the US military , has a parent or guardian employed within the Palos Verdes Peninsula, has a grandparent residing within

5060-760: The Spanish Crown deeded Rancho San Pedro , a tract of over 75,000 acres (300 km ), to retired soldier Juan José Domínguez, who helped explore California with the Portolá expedition in 1769–1770. Rancho San Pedro was the first land grant in the Alta California portion of the Province of Las Californias in New Spain . When New Spain won its independence from the Spanish Empire and Alta California became part of Mexico,

5170-590: The USCGC Argus Offshore Patrol Cutter, USCGC George Cobb Coastal Buoy Tender, CG Boat Station LA/LB, as well as supporting marine units of U.S. Customs and Border Protection , Los Angeles County Lifeguards , and LA Sheriffs . The Federal Bureau of Prisons operates the Federal Correctional Institution, Terminal Island on Terminal Island and in San Pedro. Just 23.8% of San Pedro residents aged 25 or older had completed

5280-408: The 3rd Artillery from Fort Vancouver to San Francisco. After relocating to the east, Ord's first assignment was as a brigade commander in the Pennsylvania Reserves . In this capacity, he figured prominently in the Battle of Dranesville in the fall of 1861. On May 3, 1862, Ord was promoted to the rank of major general of volunteers and, after briefly serving in the Department of the Rappahannock,

5390-474: The Army in 1855. He then served in the Pacific Northwest, in campaigns against Native Americans, at Benicia Barracks , and Fort Monroe, Virginia before returning to California. In 1859, while attending artillery school at Fort Monroe, Ord was summoned by Secretary of War John B. Floyd to quell John Brown 's raid on the Harpers Ferry Federal arsenal. However, Col. Robert E. Lee reached Harpers Ferry first, and Colonel Lee telegraphed to Captain Ord that

5500-466: The Army of Occupation, headquartered at Richmond . Subsequently, he was assigned to the Department of the Ohio until he was mustered out of the volunteers in September 1866. On December 11, 1865, he received the commissions of lieutenant colonel and brigadier general in the regular army for the Battle of Hatchie's Bridge and brevet major general of volunteers for the assault of Fort Harrison, all dating from March 13, 1865. Subsequently, he commanded

5610-421: The Arteco Gallery and Institute for Creative Enterprise, Windsor Hall, the Gilchrist Museum of the Arts, the Gordon-Roberts House, the Graphicus Atelier print-making studio, and a variety of retail and specialty stores. Seasonal events include the Cumberland Comes Alive music series, Saturday Arts Walks, and the annual Mountain Maryland Artists' Studio Tour. The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park

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5720-426: The City of Cumberland is bus service provided by Allegany County Transit . This service consists of five scheduled routes that reach most areas of the city and provide access to most public facilities. Amtrak , the national passenger rail system, provides intercity service to Cumberland via the Capitol Limited , which runs between Washington Union Station , and Union Station Chicago . The Cumberland Amtrak Station

5830-407: The Confederate forces in their retreat at the Battle of Hatchie's Bridge . There he was seriously wounded and had to leave field command only for a short time. When Grant relieved Maj. Gen. John A. McClernand from his command, Ord was conveniently situated to assume command of the XIII Corps during the final days of the Siege of Vicksburg . After the fall of Vicksburg, Ord remained in command of

5940-474: The Cumberland Metro as having the 6th-lowest cost of living in the US, based on an index of cost of housing, utilities, transportation and other expenditures. In 2007, The Baltimore Sun newspaper, citing the National Association of Realtors figures on home prices, stated that while most areas were stagnant, Cumberland home prices were rising by more than 17%, the highest in the country. In July 2007, The Washington Post writer Stephanie Cavanaugh wrote that

6050-426: The French and Indian War, and his first military headquarters was built here. Washington returned as President of the United States in 1794 to Cumberland to review troops assembled to thwart the Whiskey Rebellion . During the 19th century, Cumberland was a key road, railroad and canal junction. It became the second-largest city in Maryland after the port city of Baltimore. It was nicknamed "The Queen City". Cumberland

6160-466: The French stronghold of Fort Duquesne (present-day Pittsburgh) during the French and Indian War , the North American front of the Seven Years' War between the French and the British. (See Braddock expedition .) This area had been settled for thousands of years by indigenous peoples. The fort was developed along the Great Indian Warpath which tribes used to travel the backcountry. Cumberland also served as an outpost of Colonel George Washington during

6270-412: The Pacific Coast and beyond aboard cruise lines such as Royal Caribbean and Crystal Cruises , as well as a ferry to Catalina Island via the Catalina Express . San Pedro anchors the southern end of Los Angeles City Council District 15 , which has long been represented only by residents of San Pedro. The neighborhood, according to the Los Angeles Times, "despite accounting for less than one-third of

6380-418: The Palos Verdes Peninsula, or if the student simply lives in a closer vicinity to a PVPUSD school than any other LAUSD schools. Private schools in San Pedro include: The Los Angeles Public Library operates the San Pedro Regional Branch Library at 931 South Gaffey Street. The late Los Angeles Mayor Tom Bradley attended its opening in 1983. San Pedro News-Pilot , a newspaper, closed in 1998. San Pedro

6490-410: The Prince of Wales, although other historians disagree. For example, Saul David concludes that it is generally accepted that the Prince of Wales and Mrs Fitzherbert had at least one child and that James Ord would be the most likely candidate. Edward Ord was considered a mathematical genius and was appointed to the United States Military Academy by President Andrew Jackson . His roommate at West Point

6600-407: The Sea is a prominent landmark with a steeple-top statue overlooking the harbor. On 28th Street, between Gaffey Street and Peck Avenue, is a steep section of public roadway. For about 50 feet (15 m), the street climbs at a 33.3% angle, although the rest of the street is less steep. Ethnically diverse San Pedro was a magnet for European immigrants from various countries for years, reflected in

6710-424: The Sea High School , and the Port of Los Angeles High School are the primary high schools within the region. San Pedro High School is home to the protected landmarks in the form of The English Language Arts and Administration Buildings (c. 1939, 1936, resp.). The school celebrated its 100-year anniversary in 2003. It is home to both the Marine Science and Police Academy Magnet programs. Port of Los Angeles High School

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6820-409: The Southern states. Grant called upon Ord to find out if the assassination conspiracy extended beyond Washington, D.C. Ord's investigation determined the Confederate government was not involved with the assassination plot. This helped greatly to quench the call for revenge on the former Confederate states and people. During Reconstruction , Ord was assigned by Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant to command

6930-413: The Spanish explorer who noted the extensive presence of the plank boats of the neighboring Chumash . San Pedro was named for St. Peter of Alexandria , as his feast day is November 24 on the ecclesiastical calendar of Spain, the day on which Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo discovered the San Pedro Bay in 1542. Santa Catalina Island , named after Catherine of Alexandria , was claimed for the Spanish Empire

7040-405: The XIII Corps in the Department of the Gulf . In 1864, he was transferred back to the Eastern Theater to assume command of the XVIII Corps . His forces were present during the Battle of the Crater but did not actively participate in the fighting. In the fall of 1864, he was seriously wounded in the attack on Fort Harrison and did not return to action until January 1865. In March 1865, during

7150-445: The canal, as trains were faster and could carry more freight. The city developed as a major manufacturing center, with industries in glass, breweries, fabrics, tires, and tinplate. With the restructuring of heavy industry in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states following World War II, the city lost many jobs. As a result, its population has declined by nearly half, from 39,483 in the 1940 census to fewer than 20,000 today. Cumberland

7260-420: The city government employed 234 people. In the Maryland Senate , Cumberland is represented by Republican Mike McKay of District 1. In the Maryland House of Delegates , the entirety of the city of Cumberland, plus much of northwestern Allegany County, is represented by Republican and House Minority Leader Jason Buckel of District 1B. Cumberland is located in Maryland's 6th congressional district , and

7370-402: The city limits. Opposite Cumberland along the Potomac River is Ridgeley, West Virginia . The abandoned Chesapeake and Ohio Canal is now part of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park . The canal 's towpath is maintained, allowing travel by foot, horse or bicycle between Cumberland and Washington, D.C. , a distance of approximately 185 miles (298 km). In recent years,

7480-419: The city of Cumberland include John Humbird Elementary, South Penn Elementary, and West Side Elementary. Some students residing in the North End of Cumberland may attend Northeast Elementary School, which sits just outside city limits in the neighborhood of Bowmans Addition . Cumberland is home to two parochial schools . Bishop Walsh School is a K-12 Catholic school, located atop Haystack Mountain. The school

7590-421: The city to the northern border of Wilmington , and in 1909, the larger city consolidated with Wilmington and with San Pedro. In 1929, the city experienced the Sunken City Disaster , where an earthquake caused multiple homes to slide off a cliff into the sea. In 1888, the War Department took control of a tract of land next to the bay and added to it in 1897 and 1910. This became Fort MacArthur in 1914 and

7700-441: The city was 47.0% male and 53.0% female. The top employers in Cumberland are as follows. Located at the Western Maryland Railway Station is the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad . Located in Cumberland's arts and entertainment district is Saville Gallery, the Allegany Museum, the Cumberland Theatre, the Arts at Canal Place Cooperative Gallery, the New Embassy Theatre, the Cumberland Music Academy, MettleArts Studio and Foundry,

7810-452: The city was 89.4% White , 6.4% African American , 0.2% Native American , 0.9% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 0.3% from other races , and 2.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.2% of the population. There were 9,223 households, of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.0% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had

7920-586: The construction of Fort Sam Houston . In January 1872, Ord was a member of the buffalo hunting excursion with the Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia on the plains of southwest Nebraska with American celebrities of the day. They included Philip Sheridan (second in command of the United States Army), Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer , Buffalo Bill Cody , Wild Bill Hickok , and Texas Jack Omohundro . During 1872, General Ord and

8030-610: The district's population has enjoyed outsize influence as the district's traditional base of political power." The United States Postal Service operates the San Pedro Post Office at 839 South Beacon Street and the Eastview Post Office at 28649 South Western Avenue. The USPS also operates the Seafarers Post Office at Suite A at 93 Berth in close proximity to the San Pedro Post Office. Fort MacArthur , now

8140-590: The eastern end of the Washington Street Historic District, is one of Maryland's most outstanding examples of early Gothic Revival architecture . The Allegany County Courthouse dominates the city's skyline. It was designed in 1893 by local architect Wright Butler . The Queen City Hotel was built by the B&;O during the 1870s. The battle to preserve it was lost when the building was demolished in 1972. Temple B'er Chayim's 1865 Gothic Revival building

8250-516: The eastern part of the city. These schools are fed into by two middle schools, serving grades 6-8, also located in the city. Due to zoning, students attending Braddock Middle School, located on Holland Street on the city's North End, will generally attend Allegany, while students attending Washington Middle School, located on Massachusetts Avenue in the southeastern corner of the city, will generally attend Fort Hill. Public elementary schools serving students from pre-kindergarten through 5th grade located in

8360-571: The final five mile trip to freedom in Pennsylvania. The surrounding hillsides were mined for coal and iron ore, and harvested for timber that helped supply the Industrial Revolution . The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal had its western terminus here; it was built to improve the movement of goods between the Midwest and Washington, DC, the eastern terminus. Construction of railroads superseded use of

8470-637: The final home port of the battleship USS  Iowa  (BB-61) . The Iowa now serves as a museum ship and memorial recognizing "the positive contributions of this battleship and its crew at critical moments in American history". Additionally, the United States Maritime Commission commissioned private San Pedro and Long Beach shipbuilders such as the Calship to build attack transports , Liberty ships, and Victory ships during World War II under

8580-487: The great quality of living in Cumberland had attracted many urbanites to the area. Population trends Population decline from 1950 to 1990 was due to a string of industrial plant closures. Plants such as Pittsburgh Plate Glass , Allegany Munitions and Celanese closed down and relocated as part of widespread industrial restructuring after WWII. The 1987 closure of the Kelly Springfield Tire Plant marked

8690-466: The hard knocks of service, and never was on soft or fancy duty. He has always been called on when hard duty was expected, and never flinched." Later in 1881, Ord was hired by his former commander, U. S. Grant, president of the Mexican Southern Railroad owned by Jay Gould , as a civil engineer to build a railroad line from Texas to Mexico City . In 1882, Ord's daughter, Roberta, married

8800-513: The inadequate local facilities. The schools were integrated in 1955, when 54 African American children attended the white schools. In 1956, 3 black students became the first to graduate from Allegany County's newly integrated schools. The offices of Allegany County Public Schools are located in Cumberland. Two public high schools serving grades 9-12 are located in the city: Allegany High School , located on Seton Drive atop Haystack Mountain, and Fort Hill High School , located on Greenway Avenue in

8910-465: The line turns west along First Street, then south along Pacific Avenue down to its southern terminus at 21st Street. Heading back north, the line turns west on 22nd Street, north on Gaffey Street, and finally east onto 19th Street before once again meeting Pacific Avenue and turning north. Downtown San Pedro stops include: The Port of Los Angeles is a seaport located in San Pedro Bay and together with

9020-455: The median family income was $ 34,500. Males had a median income of $ 29,484 versus $ 20,004 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 15,813. About 15.3% of families and 19.8% of the population were below the poverty line , including 29.4% of those under age 18 and 10.3% of those age 65 or over. The Cumberland, MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area ranked 305th out of 318 metropolitan areas in per capita income. In 2007, Forbes ranked

9130-588: The nearby Channel Islands of California . The heavy cruisers of the Scouting Force were transferred from the Atlantic to San Pedro in response to the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria . By 1934, 14 battleships, two aircraft carriers , 14 cruisers, and 16 support ships were based at San Pedro. On April 1, 1940, the Pacific Fleet battleships sailed to Hawaii for annual fleet exercises. The battleships remained in

9240-564: The neighboring Port of Long Beach, is promoted as "America's Port" and consistently ranked as the top one and two busiest ports in the Western Hemisphere. The port has 25 cargo terminals, 82 container cranes, 8 container terminals, and 113 miles (182 km) of on-dock rail within 7,500 acres (3,000 ha) of land and water with 43 miles (69 km) of waterfront. The port's top three trading partners were China (including Hong Kong), Japan, and Vietnam. The World Cruise Center offers cruises up and down

9350-458: The next day, on her feast day, November 25. In 1602–1603, Sebastián Vizcaíno (1548–1624) officially surveyed and mapped the California coastline, including San Pedro Bay, for New Spain . The anglicized pronunciation is "san-PEE-dro". European settlement began in 1769 as part of an effort to populate California, although trade restrictions encouraged more smuggling than regular business. In 1784,

9460-555: The number of restaurants representing diverse cuisines, especially Croatian , Portuguese , Mexican , Italian , Irish and Greek . San Pedro is home to the largest Italian-American community in Southern California, centered on the "Via Italia" (South Cabrillo Avenue). San Pedro is also considered the heart of the Croatian and Norwegian communities in Los Angeles. The Croatian community, originally composed of seafarers and fishermen from

9570-448: The old Cabrillo Beach Marine Museum which was located in the historic Bath House at Cabrillo Beach . The Point Fermin Light , a Victorian-era structure built in the late 19th century, is a museum and park on a bluff overlooking the ocean. The Korean Bell of Friendship is a massive bronze memorial bell donated by South Korea in 1976 to the people of Los Angeles. The church of Mary Star of

9680-501: The present unhappy difficulties". Grant forwarded Lee's proposal to President Abraham Lincoln , with a request for instructions. In the end, Lincoln directed Grant to decline all such offers unless it was for the explicit purpose of accepting the surrender of Lee's army. It was at this time, during the spring of 1865, that Ord's career peaked. He was assigned command of the Army of the James during

9790-445: The pueblo and drew the first map from Ord's survey. The Los Angeles City Archives has the original map produced by Hutton from Ord's survey. Ord was paid $ 3000 for his work on this survey. La Reina De Los Angeles, published in 1929, states that Ord was offered 160 acres of public land and 10 building sites all in the present downtown business district but accepted the $ 3000 instead. Ord was promoted to captain in 1850 while serving in

9900-594: The razing of their homes and shops, as part of the Japanese-American internment during World War II, is described in Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston 's memoir Farewell to Manzanar . A total of 80,065 people lived in San Pedro's 12.06 square miles, according to the 2000 U.S. census—averaging 6,640 people per square mile, near Los Angeles' total population density. The median age was 34 in the San Pedro neighborhood, considered average for Los Angeles. San Pedro

10010-535: The region's leading citizens including the president of the C&;O Canal. Significant public buildings include the Allegany County Courthouse, Allegany County Library, and Emmanuel Episcopal Church, located on the site of Fort Cumberland. It features Gothic Revival architecture with three large Tiffany windows, fort tunnels, and ammunition magazine cellars. The 1850 Emmanuel Episcopal Church , standing at

10120-423: The situation was under control and Ord and his men would not be needed at Harpers Ferry. However, Ord's unit later arrived to keep order ahead of Brown's execution. Ord penned a letter to his wife on December 2, 1859, from the arsenal, describing the day and a hilltop climb with Colonel Lee. Ord married Mary Mercer Thompson on October 14, 1854, and they eventually had thirteen children. One of their notable children

10230-586: The south of the Potomac River. Mexico Farms Airport (Airport-ID: 1W3) is also in Cumberland. Several primary highways serve Cumberland. The most prominent of these is Interstate 68 , which runs concurrent with U.S. Route 40 through the city. I-68 and US 40 head eastward to Hancock , where they junction with Interstate 70 and U.S. Route 522 . To the west, I-68 and US 40 separate in Keysers Ridge , with I-68 continuing west to Morgantown , West Virginia and

10340-546: The southern terminus of Interstate 110 , beginning at Gaffey Street heading 20 miles north to Downtown Los Angeles and beyond to Pasadena via the Arroyo Seco Parkway. California State Route 47 heads west from San Pedro across the Vincent Thomas Bridge, connecting San Pedro, Terminal Island, and Wilmington, to Long Beach and beyond. The LA Metro Bus 205 line travel North from 6th and Harbor up to Willowbrook,

10450-520: The state to be concentrated in eastern coastal cities. Today, the Cumberland metropolitan area is one of the poorest in the United States, ranking 305th out of 318 metropolitan areas in per capita income. Cumberland was named by English colonists after the son of King George II , Prince William, the Duke of Cumberland . It is built on the site of the mid-18th century Fort Cumberland , the starting point for British General Edward Braddock 's ill-fated attack on

10560-716: The trade restrictions were lifted, and the town flourished. Under United States control after 1848, when the United States defeated Mexico in the Mexican–American War , the harbor was greatly improved and expanded under the guidance of Phineas Banning and John Gately Downey , the seventh governor of California after the Free Harbor Fight . In 1868 Banning created the Los Angeles & San Pedro Railroad , Southern California's first railroad and used it to transport goods from San Pedro Bay to Los Angeles , which soon became

10670-535: The way down to the National Highway (U.S. Rte. 40) below. The City of Cumberland and the neighboring states of Pennsylvania and West Virginia may be seen from this point. Some of Cumberland's most architecturally significant homes are located in the Washington Street Historic District . Considered the elite residential area when the city was at its economic peak, Washington Street was home to

10780-404: The west by Rancho Palos Verdes and the city of Lomita . San Pedro, Wilmington, and Terminal Island are the locations of the Port of Los Angeles . The Vincent Thomas Bridge is a 1,500-foot-long (457 m) suspension bridge linking San Pedro with Terminal Island and named after California Assemblyman Vincent Thomas . (It is the fourth longest suspension bridge in California.) Nearby

10890-433: The year and dipping to 10 °F (−12 °C) or below on 7 nights per winter. Average seasonal snowfall totals 30.3 inches (77 cm). The record high is 109 °F (43 °C) set in July 1936 and August 1918, both of which are state record highs, while the record low is −14 °F (−26 °C) set at the current site on January 18–19 1994 and January 20–21, 1985 . The median household income $ 25,142, and

11000-609: The younger officers take on other jobs to supplement their income. In the fall of 1848, Ord and Sherman, in the employ of John Augustus Sutter, Jr. , assisted Captain William H. Warner of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the survey of Sacramento, California , helping to produce the map that established the future capital city's extensive downtown street grid. Ord also produced a map of the Gold and Quicksilver district of California dated July 25, 1848. Later, Los Angeles officials needed to have

11110-631: Was Jules Garesche Ord , who was killed in action after reaching the top of San Juan Hill in Cuba. He was the officer who started and led the charge that Teddy Roosevelt followed. Another was Edward Otho Cresap Ord, II , who was also a United States Army Major who served with the 22nd Infantry Regiment during the Indian Wars , the Spanish–American War and the Philippine–American War . He

11220-534: Was a coastal defense site for many years. Woodrow Wilson transferred 200 United States Navy ships from the Atlantic to the Pacific in 1919 when tension arose between the United States and Japan over the fate of China. San Diego Bay was considered too shallow for the largest ships, so the battleships anchored in San Pedro Bay on August 9, 1919. Local availability of fuel oil minimized transportation costs, and consistently good weather allowed frequent gunnery exercises off

11330-759: Was also a painter, inventor, and poet. The son of Edward Otho Cresap Ord, II and grandson of Edward Ord was James Garesche Ord , who commanded the 28th Infantry Division and was Chairman of the Joint U.S.–Brazil Defense Commission in World War II . At the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861, Ord was serving as Captain of Battery C, 3rd U.S. Artillery, and also as post commander at the U.S. Army's Fort Vancouver in Washington Territory. On May 7, 1861, Ord led two companies of

11440-458: Was assigned command of the 2nd Division of the Army of the Tennessee . Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant sent Ord with a detachment of two divisions along with Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans 's forces to intercept Sterling Price at the town of Iuka . Due to a possible acoustic shadow Ord's forces were never engaged and Rosecrans fought alone. Ord likewise missed the fighting at Corinth but engaged

11550-405: Was average for the city and county. Renters occupied 56.1% of the housing units, and homeowners occupied the rest. In 2000 there were 3,394 families headed by single parents, or 17.5%, a rate that was average for the county and the city. In the same year there were 6,559 military veterans, or 11% of the population, considered high when compared to the city and county as a whole. San Pedro serves as

11660-751: Was future general William Tecumseh Sherman . He graduated in 1839 and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 3rd U.S. Artillery. He fought in the Second Seminole War in Florida and was promoted to first lieutenant . In January 1847, Ord sailed on the USS Lexington around Cape Horn with Henry Halleck and William Tecumseh Sherman. He arrived in Monterey, California , the capital of that newly acquired territory, and assumed command of Battery F, 3rd U.S. Artillery, with orders to complete Fort Mervine, which

11770-572: Was known as the "Queen City" as it was once the second largest in the state. Because of its strategic location on what became known as the Cumberland Road through the Appalachians , after the American Revolution it served as a historical outfitting and staging point for westward emigrant trail migrations throughout the first half of the 1800s. In this role, it supported the settlement of

11880-622: Was present at the McLean house when Lee surrendered, and is often pictured in paintings of this event. When the surrender ceremony was complete, Ord purchased as a souvenir, for $ 40, the marble-topped table at which Lee had sat. It now resides in the Chicago Historical Society's Civil War Room. After the assassination of Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865, many in the North, including Ulysses S. Grant , wanted strong retribution to be visited upon

11990-496: Was renamed Fort Halleck. Its construction was superintended by Lieutenant Ord and his second in command, Lieutenant Sherman. On February 17, 1865, the fort was renamed Ord Barracks. In 1904, it was renamed to honor the original Presidio of Monterey . Ord was in California when the gold rush began, with its resultant skyrocketing prices. Since their military salaries no longer covered living expenses, Ord's commander suggested that

12100-747: Was the terminus, and namesake, of the Cumberland Road (begun in 1811) that extended westward to the Ohio River at Wheeling, West Virginia . This was the first portion of what would be constructed as the National Road , which eventually reached Ohio , Indiana , and Illinois . In the 1850s, many black fugitives reached their final stop on the Underground Railroad beneath the floor of the Emmanuel Episcopal Church. A maze of tunnels beneath and an abolitionist pastor above provided refuge before

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