Misplaced Pages

#460539

59-530: East Tremont is a residential neighborhood located in the West Bronx , New York City . From the north and moving clockwise, it is bounded by East 180th Street, Southern Boulevard , the Cross Bronx Expressway and Third Avenue . East Tremont Avenue is the primary thoroughfare through the neighborhood. East Tremont is part of Bronx Community Board 6 , and its ZIP Codes include 10457 and 10460. The area

118-453: A college education or higher. The percentage of East Tremont and Belmont students excelling in math rose from 19% in 2000 to 44% in 2011, and reading achievement increased from 25% to 30% during the same time period. East Tremont and Belmont's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is more than the rest of New York City. In East Tremont and Belmont, 35% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year , higher than

177-507: A combined question and a MENA category, while also collecting additional detail to enable data disaggregation. The OMB states, "many federal programs are put into effect based on the race data obtained from the decennial census (i.e., promoting equal employment opportunities; assessing racial disparities in health and environmental risks). Race data is also critical for the basic research behind many policy decisions. States require this data to meet legislative redistricting requirements. The data

236-519: A person's origins considered in the census. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino." However, the practice of separating "race" and "ethnicity" as different categories has been criticized both by the American Anthropological Association and members of US Commission on Civil Rights . In 1997,

295-520: A race. Enumerators were instructed that all people born in Mexico, or whose parents were born in Mexico, should be listed as Mexicans, and not under any other racial category. In prior censuses and in 1940, enumerators were instructed to list Mexican Americans as white, perhaps because some of them were of white background (mainly Spanish), many others mixed white and Native American and some of them Native American. The supplemental American Indian questionnaire

354-515: A relatively average population of residents who are uninsured . In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 12%, equal to the citywide rate of 12%. The concentration of fine particulate matter , the deadliest type of air pollutant , in East Tremont and Belmont is 0.008 milligrams per cubic metre (8.0 × 10 oz/cu ft), more than the city average. Sixteen percent of East Tremont and Belmont residents are smokers , which

413-616: A social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be and, "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country". The OMB defines the concept of race as outlined for the census to be not "scientific or anthropological", and takes into account "social and cultural characteristics as well as ancestry", using "appropriate scientific methodologies" that are not "primarily biological or genetic in reference." The race categories include both racial and national-origin groups. Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with

472-442: Is a small but growing Dominican population. Almost half the population lives below the poverty line and receives public assistance (AFDC, Home Relief, Supplemental Security Income, and Medicaid). Most households are renter occupied. The entirety of Community District 6, which comprises East Tremont and Belmont, had 87,476 inhabitants as of NYC Health 's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 77.7 years. This

531-402: Is dominated by five and six story tenement buildings, older multi-unit homes, vacant lots, and newly constructed apartment buildings. Most of the original housing stock was structurally damaged by arson and eventually razed by the city. The land area, somewhat hilly, is less than one square mile. There are two NYCHA developments located in East Tremont. East Tremont and Belmont are patrolled by

590-530: Is from the Indian subcontinent ) were counted as White. There was a questionnaire that was asked of only a sample of respondents. These questions were as follows: Questions on Spanish or Hispanic Origin or Descent Is this person's origin or descent? Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American Other Spanish No, none of these This year added several options to the race question, including Vietnamese, Indian (East), Guamanian, Samoan, and re-added Aleut. Again,

649-412: Is higher than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers. In East Tremont and Belmont, 36% of residents are obese , 22% are diabetic , and 32% have high blood pressure —compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively. In addition, 20% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%. Eighty-one percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which

SECTION 10

#1732854538461

708-685: Is less than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 69% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", lower than the city's average of 78%. For every supermarket in East Tremont and Belmont, there are 37 bodegas . The nearest hospitals are St Barnabas Hospital in Belmont and Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center in Claremont. East Tremont is covered by the ZIP Codes 10457 west of Prospect Avenue and 10460 east of Prospect Avenue. The United States Postal Service operates two post offices nearby:

767-493: Is lower than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods. Most inhabitants are youth and middle-aged adults: 29% are between the ages of between 0–17, 28% between 25–44, and 20% between 45–64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 14% and 9% respectively. As of 2017, the median household income in Community Districts 3 and 6, including Crotona Park East and Morrisania ,

826-591: Is needed to monitor compliance with the Voting Rights Act by local jurisdictions". Data on ethnic groups are important for putting into effect a number of federal statutes (i.e., enforcing bilingual election rules under the Voting Rights Act and monitoring/enforcing equal employment opportunities under the Civil Rights Act ). Data on ethnic groups is also needed by local governments to run programs and meet legislative requirements (i.e., identifying segments of

885-686: Is patrolled by the NYPD's 48th Precinct. New York City Housing Authority property in the area is patrolled by P.S.A. 8 at 2794 Randall Avenue in the Throggs Neck section of the Bronx . Part of East Tremont is sometimes called Bronx Park South , particularly the section that lies immediately southwest of the Bronx Zoo . At one time, the land encompassing the neighborhood was owned by the Lorillard Family, known for

944-597: The Lorillard Tobacco Company . Starting in the mid 19th Century, East Tremont served as an intermediate step for immigrants from European farms and rural areas, as they climbed the social ladder from poor conditions of the Lower East Side slums to more hospitable neighborhoods. In 1848 the neighborhood attracted German farmers fleeing the Revolutions of 1848 ; during the 1870s it attracted Irish migrating from

1003-836: The Secretary of State , directed US Marshals to collect data from all 13 original states, and from the Southwest Territory . The census was not conducted in Vermont until 1791, after that state's admission to the Union as the 14th state on March 4 of that year. Some doubt surrounded the numbers, as President George Washington and Thomas Jefferson maintained the population was undercounted. The potential reasons Washington and Jefferson may have thought this could be refusal to participate, poor public transportation and roads, spread-out population, and restraints of current technology. No microdata from

1062-555: The Tremont station . [REDACTED] Media related to East Tremont, Bronx at Wikimedia Commons West Bronx The West Bronx is more densely populated than the East Bronx , and is closer to Upper Manhattan . From the late 17th century to the middle 19th century this included the central and southern part of the Town of Yonkers , but then became the separate Town of Kingsbridge. In 1874,

1121-469: The US Constitution and applicable laws. The law required that every household be visited, that completed census schedules be posted in two of the most public places within each jurisdiction, remain for the inspection of all concerned, and that "the aggregate amount of each description of persons" for every district be transmitted to the president . The US Marshals were also responsible for governing

1180-584: The United States census , the US Census Bureau and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) define a set of self-identified categories of race and ethnicity chosen by residents, with which they most closely identify. Residents can indicate their origins alongside their race, and are asked specifically whether they are of Hispanic or Latino origin in a separate question. The racial categories represent

1239-417: The "Color or Race" question was slightly modified, removing the term "Mulatto". Also, there was an inclusion of an "Indian Population Schedule" in which "enumerators were instructed to use a special expanded questionnaire for American Indians living on reservations or in family groups off of reservations." This expanded version included the question "Fraction of person's lineage that is white." The 1910 census

SECTION 20

#1732854538461

1298-513: The 1790 population census are available, but aggregate data for small areas and their compatible cartographic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System . However, the categories of "Free white males" of 16 years and upward, including heads of families under 16 years, "Free white females", including heads of families, All other free persons, and "Slaves," existed in

1357-414: The 2000 and 2010 censuses. The following questions were asked of a sample of respondents for the 1990 census : The 1990 census was not designed to capture multiple racial responses, and when individuals marked the "other" race option and provided a multiple write-in. The response was assigned according to the race written first. "For example, a write-in of 'black-white' was assigned a code of 'black,' while

1416-458: The 48th Precinct of the NYPD , located at 450 Cross Bronx Expressway. The 48th Precinct ranked 56th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. As of 2018, with a non-fatal assault rate of 152 per 100,000 people, East Tremont and Belmont's rate of violent crimes per capita is greater than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 1,015 per 100,000 people is higher than that of

1475-444: The Bronx, which is directly north of Fifth Avenue. Jerome Avenue was approximately the centerline of the original Annexed District, though not of the expanded modern Bronx. Prior to the 1970s, New Yorkers generally saw the Bronx as being split into its eastern and western halves. However, with the urban decay that hit the southwestern Bronx starting in the 1960s, people began to see the borough as being fundamentally divided between

1534-559: The Lower East Side or the famine in Ireland. Around the end of the nineteenth century, Italians spilled over from nearby Belmont , followed by Jews. In 1950, East Tremont's population numbered an estimated 60,000, with about 441 persons per residential acre. The area was relatively integrated, with about 44,000 Jews, 5,000 Irish, and about 5,000 Germans and Slavs. There were approximately 11,000 "nonwhites" (mostly Blacks and Puerto Ricans) in

1593-464: The OMB built on the 1997 guidelines and suggested the addition of a Middle Eastern or North African (MENA) racial category and considered combining racial and ethnic categories into one question. In March 2024, the Office of Management and Budget published revisions to Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity that included

1652-405: The OMB issued a Federal Register notice regarding revisions to the standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. The OMB developed race and ethnic standards in order to provide "consistent data on race and ethnicity throughout the federal government ". The development of the data standards stem in large measure from new responsibilities to enforce civil rights laws. Among

1711-480: The Tremont Station at 757 East Tremont Avenue, East Tremont and Belmont generally have a lower rate of college-educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018. While 19% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, 36% have less than a high school education and 45% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 26% of Bronx residents and 43% of city residents have

1770-634: The Westchester-Bronx border. The Grand Concourse , a wide ridgeline boulevard runs through the area from north to south. Because the West Bronx uses the same street numbering system as Manhattan , large portions of streets designated as "east" (e.g., East 161st Street) may actually be located west of the Bronx River. This is because the east-west divider is Fifth Avenue in Manhattan and Jerome Avenue in

1829-456: The area, addiction rates rose, and stores closed. An estimated 10,000 residents fled the neighborhood as it declined. Based on data from the 2010 United States Census , the population of East Tremont was 43,423, an increase of 4,143 (10.5%) from the 39,280 counted in 2000 . Covering an area of 445.31 acres (180.21 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 97.5 inhabitants per acre (62,400/sq mi; 24,100/km). The racial makeup of

East Tremont, Bronx - Misplaced Pages Continue

1888-418: The census form. In 1800 and 1810, the age question regarding free white males was more detailed with five cohorts and included All other free persons, except "Indians not taxed", and "Slaves". The 1820 census built on the questions asked in 1810 by asking age questions about slaves. Also the term "colored" entered the census nomenclature. In addition, a question stating "Number of foreigners not naturalized"

1947-418: The census. About one-third of the original census data has been lost or destroyed since documentation. The data was lost in 1790–1830, and included data from Connecticut , Delaware , Georgia , Maine , Maryland , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , New Jersey , New York , North Carolina , Pennsylvania , Rhode Island , South Carolina , Vermont , and Virginia . However, the census was proven factual and

2006-483: The changes, The OMB issued the instruction to "mark one or more races" after noting evidence of increasing numbers of mixed-race children and wanting to record diversity in a measurable way after having received requests by people who wanted to be able to acknowledge theirs and their children's full ancestry, rather than identifying with only one group. Prior to this decision, the census and other government data collections asked people to report singular races. As of 2023,

2065-917: The city as a whole. The 48th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 60.9% between 1990 and 2022. The precinct reported 14 murders, 26 rapes, 447 robberies, 646 felony assaults, 252 burglaries, 467 grand larcenies, and 304 grand larcenies auto in 2022. East Tremont is served by two New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations: Engine Co. 46/Ladder Co. 27 at 460 Cross Bronx Expressway, and Engine Co. 45/Ladder Co. 58/Battalion 18 at 925 East Tremont Avenue. As of 2018, preterm births and births to teenage mothers are more common in East Tremont and Belmont than in other places citywide. In East Tremont and Belmont, there were 113 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 30.4 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide). East Tremont and Belmont has

2124-773: The citywide average of 20%. Additionally, 61% of high school students in East Tremont and Belmont graduate on time, lower than the citywide average of 75%. All are public schools. The New York Public Library operates the Tremont branch at 1866 Washington Avenue. The branch, a Carnegie library designed by Carrère and Hastings in the Italian Renaissance style , was opened in 1905. There are no New York City Subway stations in East Tremont, though several bus routes connect with subway stations. The following MTA Regional Bus Operations bus routes serve East Tremont: The Metro-North Railroad 's Harlem Line also serves East Tremont at

2183-630: The decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. The 1940 census

2242-536: The design of the population questionnaire. Residents were still listed individually, but a new questionnaire sheet was used for each family. Additionally, this was the first year that the census distinguished among different Asian ethnic groups, such as Japanese and Chinese , due to increased immigration. This census also marked the beginning of the term "race" in the questionnaires. Enumerators were instructed to write "White", "Black", "Mulatto", " Quadroon ", "Octoroon", "Chinese", "Japanese", or " Indian ". During 1900,

2301-456: The existence of most of this data can be confirmed in many secondary sources pertaining to the first census. Census data included the name of the head of the family and categorized inhabitants as: free white males at least 16 years of age (to assess the country's industrial and military potential), free white males under 16 years of age, free white females, all other free persons (reported by sex and color), and slaves . Thomas Jefferson , then

2360-480: The free inhabitants schedule about color was a column that was to be left blank if a person were white, marked "B" if a person were black, and marked "M" if a person were mulatto . Slaves were listed by owner, and classified by gender and age, not individually, and the question about color was a column that was to be marked with a "B" if the slave were black and an "M" if mulatto. For 1890, the Census Office changed

2419-496: The junior high school, had been built in 1901), but academic standards were high. In his book The Power Broker , author Robert Caro devotes two chapters to the "One Mile" of the Cross-Bronx Expressway which ran through East Tremont. Caro argues that the expressway caused permanent damage to the neighborhood fabric. During the five years of construction, 5,000 residents were displaced and many stores demolished. The mile

East Tremont, Bronx - Misplaced Pages Continue

2478-589: The neighborhood was 1.4% (627) White , 29.4% (12,750) African American , 0.3% (110) Native American , 0.5% (229) Asian , 0.0% (4) Pacific Islander , 0.3% (150) from other races , and 0.8% (333) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 67.3% (29,220) of the population. The neighborhood predominately consists of Latin Americans (East Tremont has one of the highest concentrations of Puerto Ricans in New York City) and African Americans . There

2537-503: The neighborhood, about 18% of the population. East Tremont's large population of Jews had mostly migrated from Lower East Side slums, looking for a better neighborhood. The East Tremont neighborhood was modest but considered affordable and safe by its residents. Rents in 1950 were as low as $ 100 or even $ 62 per month for four rooms; comparable apartments in Jewish neighborhoods like Pelham Parkway closer to $ 350 per month. East Tremont Avenue

2596-700: The newly formed Nassau County ), all of the City of Brooklyn (today's borough of Brooklyn), and all of Richmond County (today's borough of Staten Island ) to form the consolidated city of New York. Physically, the western parts of the Bronx are hilly, underlain by Fordham gneiss and dominated by a series of parallel ridges running south to north. The West Bronx has older tenement buildings, low-income public housing complexes, multifamily homes in its lower-income areas as well as larger single family homes in more affluent areas such as Riverdale . It includes New York City's third largest park: Van Cortlandt Park which runs along

2655-652: The population who may not be receiving medical services under the Public Health Service Act ; evaluating whether financial institutions are meeting the credit needs of minority populations under the Community Reinvestment Act ). The 1790 United States census was the first census in the history of the United States. The population of the United States was recorded as 3,929,214 as of Census Day, August 2, 1790, as mandated by Article I, Section 2 of

2714-451: The race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded as "Negro", no matter the fraction of that lineage (the " one-drop rule "). A person of mixed black and American Indian ancestry was also to be recorded as "Neg" (for "Negro") unless they were considered to be "predominantly" American Indian and accepted as such within the community. A person with both white and American Indian ancestry

2773-507: The racial question, and also removed Hindu and Korean from the race choices. The 1960 census re-added the word "color" to the racial question, and changed "Indian" to "American Indian", as well as adding Hawaiian, Part-Hawaiian, Aleut, and Eskimo. The "Other (print out race)" option was removed. This year's census included "Negro or Black", re-added Korean and the Other race option. East Indians (the term used at that time for people whose ancestry

2832-567: The southwestern area ("The South Bronx ") and everywhere else. West Bronx neighborhoods include: From the Town of Kingsbridge (originally the southern part of the Town of Yonkers ). From the Town of Morrisania (Encompasses areas now considered to be the South Bronx ): From the Town of West Farms: The West Bronx is the home of Yankee Stadium . 40°51′00″N 73°54′00″W  /  40.850°N 73.900°W  / 40.850; -73.900 Native American (U.S. Census) In

2891-427: The term "color" was removed from the racial question, and the following questions were asked of a sample of respondents: Questions on Spanish or Hispanic Origin or Descent Is this person of Spanish/Hispanic origin or descent? No, not Spanish/Hispanic Yes, Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano Yes, Puerto Rican Yes, Cuban Yes, other Spanish/Hispanic The racial categories in this year are as they appear in

2950-478: The then towns of Kingsbridge , West Farms and Morrisania were transferred to New York County, becoming the first area outside Manhattan to be annexed by the City of New York. Today's West Bronx was then known as the "Annexed District". In 1895, the city annexed the modern-day East Bronx, followed in 1898 by western Queens County (today's borough of Queens , with the remainder of what was eastern Queens County becoming

3009-610: Was $ 25,972. In 2018, an estimated 31% of East Tremont and Belmont residents lived in poverty, compared to 25% in all of the Bronx and 20% in all of New York City. One in six residents (16%) were unemployed, compared to 13% in the Bronx and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 60% in East Tremont and Belmont, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 58% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018, East Tremont and Belmont are gentrifying . East Tremont

SECTION 50

#1732854538461

3068-407: Was a bustling retail area with bakeries, kosher butcher shops, mom-and-pop candy stores, delicatessens, and clothing stores. While East Tremont contained no playgrounds, residents enjoyed easy access to nearby Crotona Park . The local Young Men's Hebrew Association was a center of civic life; it listed over 400 senior citizens and 1,700 families as active members. The schools were old and worn (PS44,

3127-443: Was back, but in abbreviated form. It featured a question asking if the person was of full or mixed American Indian ancestry. President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a Good Neighbor policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935, a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent

3186-441: Was completed in 1960. Quality of life in the neighborhood rapidly declined due to the noise and fumes from the highway, and physical fracturing of the neighborhood. By 1965, apartment buildings in the area around the expressway had become "ravaged hulks" with broken windows, graffiti, and broken plaster. Pipes were vandalized, staircases broke down, elevators stopped working, crime and vandalism had increased, gangs started to move into

3245-423: Was included. In the 1830 census, a new question, which stated, "The number of White persons who were foreigners not naturalized" was included. The 1850 census had a dramatic shift in the way information about residents was collected. For the first time, free persons were listed individually instead of by head of household. Two questionnaires were used - one for free inhabitants and one for slaves. The question on

3304-421: Was similar to 1910, but excluded a separate schedule for American Indians. "Hin", "Kor", and "Fil" were also added to the "Color or Race" question, signifying Hindu (Asian Indian), Korean, and Filipino, respectively. The biggest change in this census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting

3363-527: Was similar to that of 1900, but it included a reinsertion of "Mulatto" and a question about the "mother tongue" of foreign-born individuals and individuals with foreign-born parents. "Ot" was also added to signify "other races", with space for a race to be written in. This decade's version of the Indian Population Schedule featured questions asking the individual's proportion of white, black, or American Indian lineage. The 1920 census questionnaire

3422-415: Was the first to include separate population and housing questionnaires. The race category of "Mexican" was eliminated in 1940, and the population of Mexican descent was counted with the white population. 1940 census data was used for Japanese American internment . The Census Bureau's role was denied for decades, but was finally proven in 2007. The 1950 census questionnaire removed the word "color" from

3481-410: Was to be recorded as American Indian, unless their Indigenous ancestry was small, and they were accepted as white within the community. In all situations in which a person had white and some other racial ancestry, they were to be reported as that other race. People who had minority interracial ancestry were to be reported as the race of their father. For the first and only time, "Mexican" was listed as

#460539