East New Britain is a province of Papua New Guinea , consisting of the north-eastern part of the island of New Britain and the Duke of York Islands . The capital of the province is Kokopo , not far from the old capital of Rabaul , which was largely destroyed in a volcanic eruption in 1994. East New Britain covers a total land area of 15,816 square kilometres (6,107 sq mi), and the province's population was reported as 220,133 in the 2000 census, rising to 328,369 in the 2011 count. Provincial coastal waters extend over an area of 104,000 square metres (26 acres). The province's only land border is with West New Britain Province to the west, and it also shares a maritime border with New Ireland Province to the east.
6-564: East New Britain has a dual economy: a cash economy operates side by side with the subsistence -farming sector. The main crops produced for export are cocoa and copra . Tourism continues to be an increasingly important sector of the provincial economy. There are sixteen Austronesian languages spoken in the province, of which Kuanua , spoken by the Tolai on the Gazelle Peninsula is the most widely spoken. Papuan languages are also spoken in
12-491: A Premier, from 1977 to 1995. Following reforms taking effect that year, the national government reassumed some powers, and the role of Premier was replaced by a position of Governor, to be held by the winner of the province-wide seat in the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea . The province and each district is represented by a Member of the National Parliament . There is one provincial electorate and each district
18-422: Is an open electorate. Subsistence economy A subsistence economy is an economy directed to basic subsistence (the provision of food, clothing and shelter) rather than to the market. "Subsistence" is understood as supporting oneself and family at a minimum level. Basic subsistence is the provision of food, clothing, shelter. A subsistence economy is an economy directed to one's subsistence rather than to
24-622: Is maintained through sharing, feasting, ritual observance and associated norms. Harvesting is an important indicator of social capital . Subsistence embodies cultural perspectives of relationships to places, people and animals. In human history , before the first cities , all humans lived in a subsistence economy. As urbanization , civilization , and division of labor spread, various societies moved to other economic systems at various times. Some remain relatively unchanged, ranging from uncontacted peoples , to marginalized areas of developing countries , to some cultures that choose to retain
30-408: The market. Often, the subsistence economy is moneyless and relies on natural resources to provide for basic needs through hunting, gathering, and agriculture . In a subsistence economy, economic surplus is minimal and only used to trade for basic goods, and there is no industrialization . In hunting and gathering societies, resources are often, if not typically underused. The subsistence system
36-560: The province, including the Baining , Taulil , Ata , Kol , Makolkol , and Sulka languages. Each province in Papua New Guinea has one or more districts, and each district has one or more Local Level Government (LLG) areas. For census purposes, the LLG areas are subdivided into wards and those into census units. The province was governed by a decentralised provincial administration, headed by
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