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27-614: ENP may refer to: Egyptian National Police Electroless nickel plating Emergency Nurse Practitioner Emergency Number Professional Emmenegger Nature Park , in Missouri English National Party Escuela Nacional Preparatoria , a high school system in Mexico European Neighbourhood Policy Effective number of parties Topics referred to by

54-401: A bachelor of police studies degree and are commissioned lieutenants , while those who held degrees from other colleges are commissioned as first lieutenants. Advanced officer training was given at the academy's Institute for Advanced Police Studies, completion of which was required for advancement beyond the rank of lieutenant colonel . The academy's three-month course for enlisted personnel

81-450: A central control room. Traffic Police vehicles generally also have equipment like speed radars , breath analysers and emergency first aid kits . Color schemes of police vehicles vary according to their location and which directorate they belong to. For traffic regulation and patrolling in cities, motorcycles are also used. This is because of increasing congestion in cities where the heavier bikes would prove to be unwieldy when compared to

108-485: A major problem. Some of these criminologists propose an increased number of police officers. Others argue that investigations of the evidence are more expensive than police patrols and that not all crimes can be investigated, suggesting that profiling of criminal psychology should be replaced with randomized priorities of individual suspects within similar types of crime. The latter criminologists also argue that such randomization would not only fight hidden crimes by exposing

135-496: Is a Lieutenant General and officer ranks descend only to first lieutenant. Enlisted police ranks include master sergeant , sergeant , corporal , and private . Egyptian police uniforms are similar to the Egyptian Army's service uniform for the ground forces, which is khaki drill cotton. However, enlisted police personnel wear a black wool bush jacket and trousers in the winter and a white cotton bush jacket and trousers in

162-426: Is an applied science that involves the study of facts that are then used to inform criminal trials . A complete criminal investigation can include searching , interviews , interrogations , evidence collection and preservation, and various methods of investigation. Modern-day criminal investigations commonly employ many modern scientific techniques known collectively as forensic science . Criminal investigation

189-538: Is an ancient science that may have roots as far back as c.  1700 BCE in the writings of the Code of Hammurabi . In the code, it is suggested that both the accuser and the accused had the right to present evidence they collected. In the modern era , criminals investigations are most often done by government police forces . Private investigators are also commonly hired to complete or assist in criminal investigations. An early recorded professional criminal investigator

216-529: Is conducted in a military atmosphere but emphasizes police methods and techniques. Some police officers, especially the special operations officers, are well trained by the Egyptian Armed Forces in Al-Sa'ka Military School. Egyptian police rank insignia are the same as those used by the Egyptian Army. Commissioned police ranks resemble those of the Egyptian Army . The highest-ranking Egyptian police officer

243-688: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Egyptian National Police Egyptian National Police or ENP is the national police force of Egypt . It is a department in the Ministry of Interior The Ministry of Interior divides the functions of the police and public security among four Deputy Ministers of Interior while the Minister of Interior himself retained responsibility for state security (Qitaa' al-amn al-watani), investigations and overall organization. There are four Deputy Ministers: In each of

270-488: Is now rare to see an officer on foot patrol except in city or town centers, and then rarely alone. An increasing number of urban centers police bicycle units are used to provide a quick response in congested areas, pedestrianized areas and parkland, as well as carrying out patrols . All of the commissioned officers were graduates of the Police Academy at Cairo where after high school, they had to complete four years at

297-510: The 2011 Revolution . According to one source (csmonitor.org), the Egyptian police, "once feared by civilians, are now seen as leftover elements of Mubarak's regime and treated with little respect. Pulled off the streets after violently cracking down on protests in January, they are now trying to reshape their role in the post-Mubarak Egypt." Police brutality is credited with being one of the causes of

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324-735: The Remington 700P and some .50 caliber sniper rifles. The Tourism and Antiquities Police cover tourist destinations like historical sites, museums, hotels, etc. Places such as the Great Pyramid of Giza , Memphis Giza , Egyptian Museum , etc. in Cairo , Alexandria – Qaitbay Citadel and the Serapium Temple and Pompey's Pillar , etc., going through all cities in Egypt carrying same weapons as law enforcement police. Unlike in many other countries,

351-470: The 27 Governorates of Egypt (sing. muhafazah ; pl., muhafazat ), the presidentially appointed governor and a director of police command all police and maintain public order. Both the governor and the director of police report to the Ministry of Interior on all security matters. The governor reports directly to the minister or to a deputy while the director of police reports through regular police channels. In

378-534: The Egyptian police extensively use SUVs . The Egyptian produced Jeep vehicle used to be the most common police car in Egypt but in recent years, other similar vehicles have also come into police use. SUVs are known for their capabilities to move around in any sort of terrain. Depending upon the location, the police vehicles may have individual revolving lights ( strobe lights ) or light bars , sirens etc. An extensive modernisation drive has ensured that these vehicles are equipped with wireless sets in communication with

405-736: The academy, or after College degree, completing a period of 12 to 18 months. The Police Academy is a modern institution equipped with laboratory and physical-training facilities. The police force also sent some officers abroad for schooling. The Police Academy offers a four-year program which includes: security administration, criminal investigation , military drills , civil defense, fire fighting , forensic medicine , communications, cryptology , first aid , sociology , anatomy , and foreign languages ( French and English ). Also included are: political orientation, public relations , and military subjects (such as infantry and cavalry training), marksmanship , leadership, and field exercises. Graduates receive

432-469: The crimes or give the tracking or individual matching to the evidence lower priority. According to the hypotheses, even a minimal or nonexistent difference in the likelihood of committing crimes can be hidden behind a difference of a factor by many multiples in the likelihood of being convicted due to self-fulfilling prophecies in the statistics. These criminologists feel that criminals who are not getting caught, due to being profiled as unlikely offenders, are

459-628: The death of over 900 people, with at least 3,994 injured. The police attempted to defend their actions by claiming to disperse the sit-ins with the least possible damage. According to writer Ahdaf Soueif , since 2005 the police have routinely grabbed women protesters and torn "their clothes off and beat them, groping them at the same time. The idea was to insinuate that females who took part in street protests wanted to be groped." To protect against this, many female protesters wear "layers of light clothing, no buttons, drawstring pants double-knotted". Criminal investigation Criminal investigation

486-457: The demographic composition of particular crimes during higher priority of their investigation, such as the increase of the percentage of women convicted for joining and fighting for terrorist organizations from a very low percentage (similar to those of murder and rape) to almost as many women as men (women in the 40–50 percent range in some jurisdictions) as the priority of investigating terror crimes increased, certain criminologists are expressing

513-416: The governorate's subdivisions there are district police commandants with the authority and functions that were similar to the director at the governorate level. The urban police have more modern facilities and equipment, such as computers and communications equipment, while the smaller more remote village police have less sophisticated facilities and equipment. The police became increasingly motorized and it

540-411: The nimbler handling the newer bikes were capable of. The bikes are provided with two-way radios, strobes and sirens and are generally painted white. Some cities make use of sedans as patrol vehicles or high speed 'interceptors' on highways. Of late, the various police forces are on a modernisation drive, upgrading and revamping their fleet with new vehicles. The police in Egypt lost some prestige during

567-429: The notion that there may be more crimes that would change their demographics if they got higher priority. These criminologists theorize that in the case of limited budgets, criminal investigators rely on profiled and statistical likelihood of particular groups of people being convicted for the type of crimes that are being investigated, and ignore complaints that are filed about people who they consider less likely to commit

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594-510: The one-year anniversary of Mohamed Morsi's inauguration. The police, along with the military, had made it clear that they were with anti-government protestors by carrying out a coup d'état on 3 July. The August 2013 Rabaa massacre by police to remove pro-government protesters from sit-ins being held in Rabaa Al-Adawiya and Al-Nahda Square in support of President Mohamed Morsi resulted in rapidly escalating violence that eventually led to

621-457: The revolution, and as of June 2011 several police officers are being tried for the killing of "hundreds of demonstrators" during the revolution. According to government statistics, 90 police stations have been burnt since the start of the revolution. The government has taken steps to address public concerns and police demoralization. In response to a planned July 8 rally protesting the release on bail of police accused of murdering protesters during

648-416: The revolution, interim interior minister Mansour el-Essawy promised to purge up to 700 corrupt senior police officers. However protesters complained that five months after the revolution where almost 1000 people were killed, only one officer has been convicted of wrongdoing and he has not yet been incarcerated. Mass demonstrations took place for and against President Mohamed Morsi on 30 June 2013, marking

675-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title ENP . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ENP&oldid=1259781914 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

702-643: The summer. Certain police personnel also wear a blue or black beret . Egyptian law enforcement police officers generally carry either the M&;P357 , CZ 75B or Glock pistol when on regular duty, however, heavy arms are always available at police stations. These include submachine guns , assault rifles , shotguns and carbines , while special units may also have additional weapons like Flash bang and stinger tear gas grenades, H&K USP series and SIG Sauer series pistols , Heckler & Koch MP5 , Heckler & Koch UMP and FN P90 submachine guns, M14 rifle ,

729-509: Was the English constable . Around 1250 CE, it was recorded that the constable was to "...   record...matters of fact, not matters of judgment and law." In determining the course of investigation, many law enforcement organizations use three "indicators of suspicion" describing potential suspects, jointly known as MMO: They will also establish the relationships between the victim and any potential offenders. After observing recent changes in

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