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36-452: EIP may refer to: Eco-industrial park Economic impact payment (disambiguation) , a name for several different tax rebates, tax credits, or tax deductions from the U.S. government EIP register , in the IA-32 architecture Eipo language Electoral Integrity Project Enterprise information portal Enterprise Integration Patterns ,

72-418: A cooling tower or air cooler to reject the waste heat into the atmosphere. In some cases it is possible to use waste heat, for instance in district heating systems. There are many different approaches to transfer thermal energy to electricity, and the technologies to do so have existed for several decades. An established approach is by using a thermoelectric device, where a change in temperature across

108-403: A fertilizer . Steam from the power plant is sold to Novo Nordisk , a pharmaceutical and enzyme manufacturer, in addition to a Statoil plant. This reuse of heat reduces the amount thermal pollution discharged to a nearby fjord . Additionally, a by-product from the power plant's sulfur dioxide scrubber contains gypsum , which is sold to a wallboard manufacturer. Almost all of

144-763: A heat engine running on a source of high-temperature heat. A heat engine can never have perfect efficiency, according to the second law of thermodynamics , therefore a heat engine will always produce a surplus of low-temperature heat. This is commonly referred to as waste heat or "secondary heat", or "low-grade heat". This heat is useful for the majority of heating applications, however, it is sometimes not practical to transport heat energy over long distances, unlike electricity or fuel energy. The largest proportions of total waste heat are from power stations and vehicle engines. The largest single sources are power stations and industrial plants such as oil refineries and steelmaking plants. Conventional air conditioning systems are

180-445: A heat exchanger before heating in homes or power plants . Anthropogenic heat is heat generated by humans and human activity. The American Meteorological Society defines it as "Heat released to the atmosphere as a result of human activities, often involving combustion of fuels. Sources include industrial plants, space heating and cooling, human metabolism, and vehicle exhausts. In cities this source typically contributes 15–50 W/m to

216-410: A "green" approach has been taken towards the infrastructure and development of the site. This can include green infrastructure related to Renewable Energy Systems ; stormwater , groundwater and wastewater management; road surfaces; and transportation demand management . Green building practices can also be encouraged or mandated EIPs are often used as a stimulus for economic diversification in

252-625: A book by Gregor Hohpe and Bobby Woolf Environmental Integrity Project , an American non-profit Estonian Independence Party , a political party in Estonia Ethereum Improvement Proposal , a proposal to improve the quality of Ethereum cryptocurrency software European Institute of Peace Express InterCity Premium Entrepreneurship and Innovation Programme of the European Commission's Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme Topics referred to by

288-455: A refrigerator warms the room air, a building gets hot during peak hours, an internal combustion engine generates high-temperature exhaust gases, and electronic components get warm when in operation. Instead of being "wasted" by release into the ambient environment, sometimes waste heat (or cold) can be used by another process (such as using hot engine coolant to heat a vehicle), or a portion of heat that would otherwise be wasted can be reused in

324-478: A semiconductor material creates a voltage through a phenomenon known as the Seebeck effect . A related approach is the use of thermogalvanic cells , where a temperature difference gives rise to an electric current in an electrochemical cell. The organic Rankine cycle , offered by companies such as Ormat , is a very known approach, whereby an organic substance is used as working fluid instead of water. The benefit

360-462: A source of waste heat by releasing waste heat into the outdoor ambient air whilst cooling indoor spaces. This expelling of waste heat from air conditioning can worsen the urban heat island effect. Waste heat from air conditioning can be reduced through the use of passive cooling building design and zero-energy methods like evaporative cooling and passive daytime radiative cooling , the latter of which sends waste heat directly to outer space through

396-685: Is seasonal thermal energy storage (STES) at a foundry in Sweden. The heat is stored in the bedrock surrounding a cluster of heat exchanger equipped boreholes, and is used for space heating in an adjacent factory as needed, even months later. An example of using STES to use natural waste heat is the Drake Landing Solar Community in Alberta , Canada, which, by using a cluster of boreholes in bedrock for interseasonal heat storage, obtains 97 percent of its year-round heat from solar thermal collectors on

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432-437: Is a major contribution to waste heat. Machines converting energy contained in fuels to mechanical work or electric energy produce heat as a by-product. In the majority of applications, energy is required in multiple forms. These energy forms typically include some combination of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning , mechanical energy and electric power . Often, these additional forms of energy are produced by

468-413: Is a related but more limited concept in which companies in a region collaborate to utilize each other's by-products and otherwise share resources. In Kalundborg, Denmark , a symbiosis network links a 1500MW coal-fired power plant with the community and other companies. Surplus heat from this power plant is used to heat 3500 local homes in addition to a nearby fish farm , whose sludge is then sold as

504-405: Is an application of a systems approach , in which designs and processes/activities are integrated to address multiple objectives. EIPs can be developed as greenfield land projects, where the eco-industrial intent is present throughout the planning, design and site construction phases, or developed through retrofits and new strategies in existing industrial developments. " Industrial symbiosis "

540-445: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Eco-industrial park The Eco-industrial Park Handbook states that "An Eco-Industrial Park is a community of manufacturing and service businesses located together on a common property. Members seek enhanced environmental, economic, and social performance through collaboration in managing environmental and resource issues." Based on

576-413: Is disposed of by various thermoregulation methods such as sweating and panting . Low temperature heat contains very little capacity to do work ( Exergy ), so the heat is qualified as waste heat and rejected to the environment. Economically most convenient is the rejection of such heat to water from a sea , lake or river . If sufficient cooling water is not available, the plant can be equipped with

612-773: Is in the heart of the Athabasca oil sands , while Innovista Eco-Industrial Park is a gateway to the Rocky Mountains ~300 km west of Edmonton . UNIDO Viet Nam (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) has compiled a list in 2015 of Eco-Industrial Parks (EIP) in the ASEAN Economic Community in a report titled " Economic Zones in the ASEAN Archived 2020-09-30 at the Wayback Machine " written by Arnault Morisson. EIPs also refer to industrial parks where

648-404: Is lost to the environment may instead be used to advantage. Industrial processes, such as oil refining , steel making or glass making are major sources of waste heat. Although small in terms of power, the disposal of waste heat from microchips and other electronic components, represents a significant engineering challenge. This necessitates the use of fans, heatsinks , etc. to dispose of

684-432: Is not normally calculated in state-of-the-art global climate simulations. Equilibrium climate experiments show statistically significant continental-scale surface warming (0.4–0.9 °C) produced by one 2100 AHF scenario, but not by current or 2040 estimates. Simple global-scale estimates with different growth rates of anthropogenic heat that have been actualized recently show noticeable contributions to global warming, in

720-416: Is one contributor to urban heat islands . Other human-caused effects (such as changes to albedo , or loss of evaporative cooling) that might contribute to urban heat islands are not considered to be anthropogenic heat by this definition. Anthropogenic heat is a much smaller contributor to global warming than greenhouse gases are. In 2005, anthropogenic waste heat flux globally accounted for only 1% of

756-476: Is produced by a machine , or other process that uses energy , as a byproduct of doing work . All such processes give off some waste heat as a fundamental result of the laws of thermodynamics . Waste heat has lower utility (or in thermodynamics lexicon a lower exergy or higher entropy ) than the original energy source. Sources of waste heat include all manner of human activities, natural systems, and all organisms, for example, incandescent light bulbs get hot,

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792-474: Is that this process can reject heat at lower temperatures for the production of electricity than the regular water steam cycle. An example of use of the steam Rankine cycle is the Cyclone Waste Heat Engine . Waste of the by-product heat is reduced if a cogeneration system is used, also known as a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system. Limitations to the use of by-product heat arise primarily from

828-466: The energy flux created by anthropogenic greenhouse gases. The heat flux is not evenly distributed, with some regions higher than others, and significantly higher in certain urban areas. For example, global forcing from waste heat in 2005 was 0.028 W/m , but was +0.39 and +0.68 W/m for the continental United States and western Europe, respectively. Although waste heat has been shown to have influence on regional climates, climate forcing from waste heat

864-452: The infrared window . The electrical efficiency of thermal power plants is defined as the ratio between the input and output energy. It is typically only 33% when disregarding usefulness of the heat output for building heat. The images show cooling towers , which allow power stations to maintain the low side of the temperature difference essential for conversion of heat differences to other forms of energy. Discarded or "waste" heat that

900-400: The case of a Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Manufacturing plant, an EIP can increase the manufacturing efficiency to make it more economical, while reducing the environmental impact of producing the solar cells. In essence, this assists the growth of the renewable energy industry and the environmental benefits that come with replacing fossil-fuels. Waste heat Waste heat is heat that

936-413: The community or region where they are located. Anchor tenants, such as bio-based product manufacturers or waste-to-energy facilities, etc., can attract complementary businesses as suppliers, scavengers/recyclers, service providers, downstream users and other businesses that could benefit from eco-industrial strategies. It is suggested that EIPs be used as a means of growing the renewable energy sector. In

972-406: The concepts of industrial ecology , collaborative strategies not only include by-product synergy ("waste-to-feed" exchanges), but can also take the form of wastewater cascading, shared logistics and shipping & receiving facilities, shared parking, green technology purchasing blocks, multi-partner green building retrofit, district energy systems, and local education and resource centres. This

1008-589: The cost of compliance, and turn their by-products into economic products. In Canada , eco-industrial parks exist across the country and have enjoyed some success. The best known example is Burnside Park , in Halifax, Nova Scotia. With support from Dalhousie University ’s Eco-Efficiency Centre, the more than 1,500 businesses have been improving their environmental performance and developing profitable partnerships. Subsequently, two greenfield industrial developments have been started in Alberta : TaigaNova Eco-Industrial Park

1044-463: The engineering cost/efficiency challenges in effectively exploiting small temperature differences to generate other forms of energy. Applications utilizing waste heat include swimming pool heating and paper mills . In some cases, cooling can also be produced by the use of absorption refrigerators for example, in this case it is called trigeneration or CCHP (combined cooling, heat and power). Waste heat can be used in district heating . Depending on

1080-581: The garage roofs. Another STES application is storing winter cold underground, for summer air conditioning. On a biological scale, all organisms reject waste heat as part of their metabolic processes , and will die if the ambient temperature is too high to allow this. Anthropogenic waste heat can contribute to the urban heat island effect. The biggest point sources of waste heat originate from machines (such as electrical generators or industrial processes, such as steel or glass production) and heat loss through building envelopes. The burning of transport fuels

1116-452: The heat. For example, data centers use electronic components that consume electricity for computing, storage and networking. The French CNRS explains a data center is like a resistor and most of the energy it consumes is transformed into heat and requires cooling systems. Humans, like all animals, produce heat as a result of metabolism . In warm conditions, this heat exceeds a level required for homeostasis in warm-blooded animals, and

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1152-451: The local heat balance, and several hundred W/m in the center of large cities in cold climates and industrial areas." In 2020, the overall anthropogenic annual energy release was 168,000 terawatt-hours; given the 5.1×10 m surface area of Earth, this amounts to a global average anthropogenic heat release rate of 0.04 W/m . Anthropogenic heat is a small influence on rural temperatures, and becomes more significant in dense urban areas. It

1188-409: The manufacturer's gypsum needs are met this way, which reduces the amount of open-pit mining needed. Furthermore, fly ash and clinker from the power plant is utilized for road building and cement production. The industrial symbiosis at Kalundborg was not created as a top-down initiative, but instead evolved gradually. As environmental regulations became stricter, firms were motivated reduce

1224-400: The same process if make-up heat is added to the system (as with heat recovery ventilation in a building). Thermal energy storage , which includes technologies both for short- and long-term retention of heat or cold, can create or improve the utility of waste heat (or cold). One example is waste heat from air conditioning machinery stored in a buffer tank to aid in night time heating. Another

1260-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title EIP . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EIP&oldid=1172973011 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1296-527: The temperature of the waste heat and the district heating system, a heat pump must be used to reach sufficient temperatures. These are an easy and cheap way to use waste heat in cold district heating systems, as these are operated at ambient temperatures and therefore even low-grade waste heat can be used without needing a heat pump at the producer side. Waste heat can be forced to heat incoming fluids and objects before being highly heated. For instance, outgoing water can give its waste heat to incoming water in

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