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81-519: The earliest document giving an account of liturgical services in the Diocese of Durham is the so-called "Rituale ecclesiæ Dunelmensis", also known as the "Ritual of King Aldfrith " [the King of Northumbria , who succeeded his brother Ecgfrith in 685, and who was a vir in scripturis doctissimus 'man most learned in the scriptures' ( Bede , Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum , IV, xxvi)]. The Manuscript (in

162-764: A 'ducal coronet' though not actually the coronet of a duke). Although the jurisdiction was surrendered to the Crown in 1836, these heraldic symbols of their former power remain. The bishop's palace is Auckland Castle in Bishop Auckland . Until the 1830s and the national mood at the time of the Great Reform Act , the bishop had at least two more castles; Norham Castle in Northumberland and his main Palace at Durham Castle , now occupied by Durham University . The bishop still has

243-482: A description of the famous nine altars (ed. Surtees Soc., p. 7) and of the choir and high altar. The Blessed Sacrament was reserved in a silver pelican hung over the High Altar . A pelican in her piety was assumed as his arms by Richard Fox (Bishop of Durham, 1494–1502) and was constantly introduced into monuments built by him (so at Winchester and at Corpus Christi College, Oxford ). The great paschal candlestick

324-791: A figure of Christ is traditionally trundled with the procession of the faithful. In most of the Catholic churches in India the palms are blessed by the priest on Palm Sunday and then distributed among the people after the holy mass. There is a tradition of folding palm fronds into palm crosses, which are kept at the altar till the next Ash Wednesday . In the South Indian state of Kerala (and in Indian Orthodox , Church of South India (CSI), Syro-Malankara Catholic Church , and Syriac Orthodox Church (Jacobite) congregations elsewhere in India and throughout

405-645: A list of contractions used in books of canon law . Its connexion with Durham and Northumberland is shown by various allusions, such as that to St. Cuthbert in a collect ( intercedente beato Cudbertho Sacerdote ; p. 185 of the Surtees Soc. edition). This fragment represents the fusion of the Roman and Gallican uses that had taken place all over North-Western Europe since the first Frankish Emperor Charlemagne (768-814) or even earlier (Duchesne, Origines du culte chrétien, 2nd ed., 89–99). Many parts of it exactly correspond to

486-463: A list of the books used by the monks for various services. Of such books not many remain. A Gradual of about the year 1500 with four leaves of a Tonarium is at Jesus College, Cambridge (Manuscript 22; Q. B. S.), and a Durham Missal written in the fourteenth century is in the British Museum (Harl. 5289). The parts of this Missal that correspond to Holy Week and Easter are printed in vol. CVII of

567-576: A palm stem was charred and a cross was marked on eggs set for hatching, while in parts of Counties Galway and Mayo, shredded palm was mixed through the seed grain. The coincidence of Palm Sunday and Saint Patrick's Day (March 17), "when the shamrock and the palm are worn together," was said to presage a great event; this last happened in 1940, at the beginning of the Second World War , and will not reoccur until 2391. In Italy , palm leaves are used along with small olive branches, readily available in

648-630: A week before his resurrection . Only the Gospel of John shows a timeline of the event, dated six days before the Passover . The raising of Lazarus is mentioned only by the Gospel of John, in the previous chapter. The Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches which follows the Byzantine Rite , commemorate it on Lazarus Saturday , following the text of the Gospel. In fact,

729-639: Is a diocese of the Church of England in North East England . The boundaries of the diocese are the historic boundaries of County Durham , meaning it includes the part of Tyne and Wear south of the River Tyne and contemporary County Durham north of the River Tees . It contains 249 parishes and 292 churches. Durham Cathedral is the seat of the bishop of Durham , and the diocesan offices are located just outside

810-609: Is also licensed in Europe diocese .) The diocese is divided into three archdeaconries, those of Auckland , Durham and Sunderland. The archdeaconry of Sunderland was created from the Durham archdeaconry on 1 March 1997 to acknowledge Sunderland's new status as a city. The first archdeacon was Frank White (from 1997 to 2002) who was elevated as Bishop of Brixworth in 2002. He was succeeded by Stuart Bain in 2002, who resigned to become Provost of Sunderland Minster on 17 March 2018. Bain

891-488: Is an animal of peace, unlike the horse which is the animal of war. A king would have ridden a horse when he was bent on war and ridden a donkey to symbolize his arrival in peace. Christ's entry to Jerusalem would have thus symbolized his entry as the Prince of Peace , not as a war-waging king. Thus there have been two different meanings (or more levels of biblical hermeneutics ): an historical meaning, truly happening according to

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972-469: Is an old Karelian custom called virpominen . It is customary for the children to chant, with some variation, "Virvon varvon tuoreeks, terveeks, tulevaks vuodeks, vitsa sulle, palkka mulle!" which very roughly translates as "I'm wishing you a fresh, healthy upcoming year, a branch for you, a prize for me!" The chant has been translated in Juha Vuorinen 's novel Totally Smashed! as "Willow switch, I'm

1053-429: Is called "Pussy Willow Sunday", and pussy willows – symbolizing new life – are blessed and distributed to the faithful. Children are often awakened that morning with ritualistic swats of a willow branch. When Christianity came to Lithuania, the plants which sprouted earliest were honored during spring feasts. The name "Palm Sunday" is a misnomer; the "verba" or "dwarfed spruce" is used instead. According to tradition, on

1134-477: Is celebrated by the blessing and distribution of palm branches (or the branches of other, native trees), representing the palm branches that the crowd scattered before Christ as he rode into Jerusalem . These palms are sometimes woven into crosses . The difficulty of procuring palms in unfavorable climates led to the substitution of branches of native trees, including box , olive , willow , and yew . Many churches of mainstream Christian denominations , including

1215-467: Is known in Irish as Domhnach an Iúir , "Yew Sunday." The historian Patrick Weston Joyce noted that yew was always called "palm" in his 1830s childhood, and he only later learned the tree's correct name. "Palm" branches were often worn in the buttonhole or hung on the wall; the second practise is still common, and palm branches are blessed with holy water at Catholic Masses . In the past in some areas,

1296-456: Is notably a family occasion. On this day, children attend church with branches from olive and palm trees. Also, there will be carefully woven crosses and other symbols made from palm fronds and roses and a procession at the beginning of the liturgy, during which at some point, the priest will take an olive branch and splash holy water on the faithful. All the parishes of Malta and Gozo on Palm Sunday ( Maltese : Ħadd il-Palm ) bless

1377-736: The Humber estuary to the Firth of Forth . Subsequently the Kingdom came under Danish and English sovereignty and was transformed into an Earldom. When William the Conqueror became king of England in 1066, he soon realised the need to control Northumbria to protect his kingdom from Scottish incursions. He gained the allegiance of both the Bishop of Durham and the Earl of Northumbria by confirming their privileges and acknowledging

1458-546: The King of Israel . According to the Gospels, Jesus Christ rode on a donkey into Jerusalem, and the celebrating people there laid down their cloaks and small branches of trees in front of him, singing part of Psalm 118: 25–26 – Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord. We bless you from the house of the Lord. The symbolism of the donkey may refer to the Eastern tradition that it

1539-604: The Mass which follows the procession. The Catholic Church considers the blessed palms to be sacramentals . The vestments for the day are deep scarlet red, the colour of blood, indicating the supreme redemptive sacrifice Christ was entering the city to make, to fulfill his passion and resurrection in Jerusalem. In the Episcopal and many other Anglican churches and in Lutheran churches, as well,

1620-498: The Roman triumph , when the triumphator laid down his arms and wore the toga , the civilian garment of peace that might be ornamented with emblems of the palm. Although the Epistles of Paul refer to Jesus as "triumphing", the entry into Jerusalem may not have been regularly pictured as a triumphal procession in this sense before the 13th century. In ancient Egyptian religion , the palm

1701-520: The liturgical year . The day before Palm Sunday, Lazarus Saturday , believers often prepare palm fronds by knotting them into crosses in preparation for the procession on Sunday. The hangings and vestments in the church are changed to a festive color – most commonly green. The Troparion of the Feast (a short hymn) indicates that the resurrection of Lazarus is a prefiguration of Christ's Resurrection: O Christ our God When Thou didst raise Lazarus from

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1782-527: The palm branches waved by the crowd to greet and honor Jesus Christ as he entered the city. Palm Sunday marks the first day of Holy Week ; in Western Christianity , this is the beginning of the last week of the solemn season of Lent , preceding Eastertide , while in Eastern Christianity , Holy Week commences after the conclusion of Great Lent . In most Christian rites , Palm Sunday

1863-490: The 15th through the 17th centuries in England, Palm Sunday was frequently marked by the burning of Jack o' Lent figures. This was a straw effigy which would be stoned and abused on Ash Wednesday, and kept in the parish for burning on Palm Sunday. The symbolism was believed to be a kind of revenge on Judas Iscariot , who had betrayed Christ. The effigy could also have represented the hated figure of Winter, whose destruction prepares

1944-498: The Easter witch! I wish you health and a love that's rich! From me I bring some luck today, for this branch what will you pay?" In some regions of Germany, long stakes with pussy willow, box and other twigs are taken for the Palm procession rather than nosegays . In some Southern regions either the priest leads the palm procession, riding on a donkey, or a wooden donkey (called Palmesel ) with

2025-971: The Eve of the Feast (Saturday night), or before the Divine Liturgy on Sunday morning. The Great Entrance of the Divine Liturgy commemorates the "Entry of the Lord into Jerusalem", so the meaningfulness of this moment is punctuated on Palm Sunday as everyone stands, holding their branches and lit candles. The faithful take these branches and candles home with them after the liturgy, and keep them in their icon corner as an evloghia (blessing). In Russia, donkey walk processions took place in different cities, but most importantly in Novgorod and, from 1558 until 1693, in Moscow. These were prominently featured in testimonies by foreign witnesses and mentioned in contemporary Western maps of

2106-507: The Gospels, and a secondary meaning in the symbolism. In Luke 19:41 as Jesus approaches Jerusalem, he looks at the city and weeps over it (an event known as Flevit super illam in Latin ), foretelling his coming Passion and the suffering that awaits the city in the events of the destruction of the Second Temple . In many lands in the ancient Near East , it was customary to cover in some way

2187-542: The Gregorian Sacramentary sent by Pope Adrian I to the emperor (between 784 and 791; Duchesne, op. cit., 114–119). The great Benedictine monastery of Durham was founded by William of St. Carileph in 1083; he brought monks from Wearmouth and Jarrow to fill it who served the cathedral till the suppression in 1538. The foundation of the cathedral was laid in 1093 and St. Cuthbert's body was brought to its shrine in 1104. A catalogue drawn up at Durham in 1395 gives

2268-449: The Jewish calendar dates begin at sundown of the night beforehand, and conclude at nightfall . The Gospel of Matthew states that this happened that the prophecy might be fulfilled of: Zechariah 9:9 "The Coming of Zion's King – See, your king comes to you, righteous and victorious, lowly and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey". It suggests that Jesus was declaring he was

2349-468: The King to appoint Walcher as bishop of Durham in 1071. The King also appointed Waltheof , an Anglo-Saxon of the old Northumbria house, as the new earl. Bishop William was on friendly terms with Earl Waltheof, who built a castle at Durham for the bishop. After another rebellion, Waltheof was executed in 1075 and in his place Walcher was appointed earl, becoming the first bishop to exercise secular authority over

2430-486: The Mediterranean climate. These are placed at house entrances (for instance, hanging above the door) to last until the following year's Palm Sunday. For this reason, usually palm leaves are not used whole, due to their size; instead, leaf strips are braided into smaller shapes. Small olive branches are also often used to decorate traditional Easter cakes, along with other symbols of birth, like eggs. In Latvia, Palm Sunday

2511-454: The Orthodox, Catholic, Lutheran, Methodist, Anglican, Moravian, and Reformed traditions, distribute palm branches to their congregations during their Palm Sunday liturgies. Christians take these palms, which are often blessed by clergy, to their homes, where they hang them alongside Christian art (especially crosses and crucifixes ) or keep them in their Bibles and daily devotional books . In

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2592-840: The Palatinate courts. Since 1906, there has again been a suffragan bishop in the diocese – the Bishop of Jarrow . Still, people born in Bedlington or the other parts of old North Durham, had birth certificates issued with the County Palatine of Durham printed on them, and the North Durham satellite areas governed their areas as Urban District Councils still under the rule of Durham. This prevailed until 1974, when administrative boundaries were changed and all of these areas, and other "autonomous" towns connected to Durham, lost their independence. Reuse of

2673-761: The Saturday before Palm Sunday the Lithuanians take special care in choosing and cutting well-formed branches, which the women-folk decorate with flowers. The flowers are meticulously tied onto the branches, making the "Verba". In Israel , Jordan , Lebanon , Palestine , and Syria , Palm Sunday ( Shaa'nineh in Arabic) Is perhaps the best-attended liturgy in the Christian Calendar, among the Orthodox , Catholic ( Latin and Eastern ), and Anglican Churches, perhaps because it

2754-631: The Surtees Society (vol. CVII, 1903; see bibliography). It is a detailed description of the fabrica ecclesiae of the cathedral , but also of the various rites, ceremonies and special customs carried out by the monks who served it. It depicts the Durham Rite as practically that of the North of England (corresponding in all its main points to the Rite of York), with a few local modifications. The treatise begins with

2835-565: The Surtees Society's publications (pp. 172–191; see also the " Westminster Missal ", III, 1424, Henry Bradshaw Soc., 1897, where the Durham variants are given). But the most important document of this kind, the volume called "The Ancient Monuments, Rites and Customs of the Monastical Church of Durham before the Suppression", written in 1593, exists in several manuscript copies and has been printed and edited on various occasions, lastly by

2916-599: The area. Walcher was well-intentioned but proved an incompetent leader. He was murdered in Gateshead in 1081. King William Rufus divided the Earldom into two parts: the lands north of the rivers Tyne and Derwent were ruled by the Earls of Northumberland , while the lands south of the rivers were put under the control of the Bishop of Durham. The lands between the Tyne and Tees, ruled by

2997-706: The arrival in India of Saint Thomas the Apostle (traditionally dated to AD 52) and his evangelism among both the Brahmans of the Malabar Coast and the ancient Jewish community there. Its rites and ceremonies are Jewish, Indian and Levantine Christian, in origin. In Syro-Malabar Catholic Church 's palm leaves are blessed during Palm Sunday ceremony and a Procession takes place holding the palms. In Ireland 's cold climate, real palm leaves are generally not available, so yew , silver fir , spruce or cypress are used instead; it

3078-661: The bells ( signa ) are rung at the Kyrie eleison , the Gloria and the Alleluia . Between three and four o'clock in the morning of Easter Day the Blessed Sacrament was brought in procession to the high altar, while they sang the antiphon "Christus resurgens ex mortuis, iam non moritur", etc. Another statue of Christ Risen remained on the high altar during Easter week . On Ascension Day , Whit-Sunday and Trinity Sunday processions went round

3159-561: The bishop's jurisdiction, to protect the north west of England. Durham's exceptional status reached its zenith by 1300, when bishop Antony Beck remarked that: There are two kings in England, namely the Lord King of England, wearing a crown in sign of his regality and the Lord Bishop of Durham wearing a mitre in place of a crown, in sign of his regality in the diocese of Durham. To ensure that episcopal functions continued to be performed while

3240-477: The bishops, became known as the 'County Palatine of Durham', a defensive buffer zone between England and the Northumbria-Scottish borderland. Due to its strategic importance and its remoteness from London , the county palatine became a virtually autonomous entity, in which the bishop possessed the powers of a king. Specifically, the bishops had the authority to For a period Carlisle was also placed under

3321-487: The church , terminated the custom. It has been occasionally recreated in the 21st century. In Oriental Orthodox churches, palm fronds are distributed at the front of the church at the sanctuary steps. In India the sanctuary itself is strewn with marigolds, and the congregation proceeds through and outside the church. In ancient times, palm branches symbolized goodness and victory. They were often depicted on coins and important buildings. Solomon had palm branches carved into

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3402-507: The church building (or in cold climates in the narthex when Easter falls early in the year) in an event called the Blessing of the Palms. A solemn procession of the entire congregation takes place immediately after the blessing of the palms, called the Palm procession. In the Catholic, Lutheran, and Episcopalian traditions, this feast now coincides with that of Passion Sunday , which is the focus of

3483-452: The church, on Corpus Christi round the palace green and on St. Mark's Day to Bow Church in the city (chs. lv, lvi). The rogation-days (three cross-daies) also had their processions. In all these the relics of St. Bede were carried and the monks appeared in splendid copes. The prior especially wore a cope of cloth of gold so heavy that he could only stand in it when it was supported by "his gentlemen" (ed. cit., p. 85). The prior had

3564-478: The city at Stonebridge. The bishop lives in Bishop Auckland and has offices in Auckland Castle . The diocese is the successor to the diocese of Lindisfarne , founded in 635, which moved its seat to Chester-le-Street in 882 and subsequently moved again to Durham in 995. Most of Northumberland and the part of Tyne and Wear north of the Tyne were part of the diocese until 1882, when the diocese of Newcastle

3645-475: The city. The Patriarch of Moscow , representing Christ, rode on a "donkey", actually a horse draped in white cloth. The Tsar of Russia humbly led the procession on foot. Originally, Moscow processions began inside the Kremlin and terminated at Trinity Church, now known as Saint Basil's Cathedral . In 1658 Patriarch Nikon reversed the order of procession. Peter I in the 1720s, as a part of his nationalisation of

3726-542: The congregation, oftentimes children, are given palms that they carry as they walk in a procession around the inside of the church. In the Church of Pakistan , a united Protestant Church , the faithful on Palm Sunday carry palm branches into the church as they sing Psalm 24. In the Roman Catholic Church , as well as among many Lutheran and Anglican congregations, palm fronds (or in colder climates some kind of substitutes) are blessed with holy water outside

3807-467: The custom developed of using pussy willow and other twigs like box tree instead of palm fronds because the latter are not readily available that far north. There is no canonical requirement as to what kind of branches must be used, so some Orthodox believers use olive branches. Whatever the kind, these branches are blessed and distributed together with candles either during the All-Night Vigil on

3888-572: The day is officially called The Sunday of the Passion: Palm Sunday ; in practice, though, it is usually termed Palm Sunday as in the 1928 American Book of Common Prayer and in earlier Lutheran liturgies and calendars, to avoid undue confusion with the penultimate Sunday of Lent in the traditional calendar, which was Passion Sunday . In traditional usage of the Methodist Church , The Book of Worship for Church and Home (1965) provides

3969-406: The days preceding the next year's Lent, known as Carnival or Shrovetide, churches often place a basket in their narthex to collect these palms, which are then ritually burned on Shrove Tuesday to make the ashes to be used on the following day, Ash Wednesday , which is the first day of Lent. In the accounts of the four canonical Gospels , Christ's triumphal entry into Jerusalem takes place

4050-507: The dead before Thy Passion, Thou didst confirm the resurrection of the universe. Wherefore, we, like children, carry the banner of triumph and victory, and we cry to Thee, O Conqueror of death, Hosanna in the highest! Blessed is He that cometh in the Name of the Lord. In the Russian Orthodox Church , Ukrainian Orthodox Church , Ukrainian Catholic Church , Ruthenian Catholic Church , Polish , Bavarian and Austrian Roman Catholics , and various other Eastern European peoples,

4131-448: The diocesan bishop was playing his part in political affairs of state, suffragan bishops were appointed. For instance, Bishop Thomas Langley served as chancellor to the Kings Henry IV , Henry V and Henry VI and was frequently away in London and occasionally overseas. In 1536 Henry VIII greatly diminished the bishop's secular authority, which was further reduced during and after the English Civil War . From 1537 to 1572, there

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4212-453: The diocese who reject the ministry of priests who are women) is provided by the provincial episcopal visitor (PEV) the Bishop suffragan of Beverley , Glyn Webster . He is licensed as an honorary assistant bishop of the diocese in order to facilitate his work there. Besides Webster, there is also a retired honorary assistant bishops licensed in the diocese: retired Bishop of Salisbury David Stancliffe who lives in Stanhope since 2013 (he

4293-467: The earth. In the "Galilee" was a chapel of Our Lady for women (ch. xxii, ed. cit., p. 42). When a monk died his body was carried to St. Andrew's chapel, two monks watched before it all the time; after the dirge and the requiem Mass it was buried in the sanctuary garth with a chalice of wax laid on the breast (ch. xxiii). Priors were buried in the abbey church (xxv) and bishops in the sanctuary (xxvii). Diocese of Durham The diocese of Durham

4374-417: The excited Jerusalemites. At the church parvise, a house, or the town plaza, children dressed as angels scatter flowers as they sing the day's antiphon Hosanna Filio David in the vernacular and to traditional tunes. The first Mass of the day then follows. Once blessed, the palaspás are brought home and placed on altars, doorways, and windows. The Church teaches that this is a sign of welcoming Christ into

4455-409: The following Collect for Palm Sunday: Almighty and everlasting God, who, of thy tender love toward mankind hast sent thy Son our Savior Jesus Christ to take upon him our flesh, and to suffer death upon the cross, that all mankind should follow the example of his great humility: Mercifully grant that we may both follow the example of his patience and also be made partakers of his resurrection; through

4536-516: The form of a rooster . In the Diocese of Groningen-Leeuwarden , a great procession with oil lamps is held the night before Palm Sunday in honour of the Sorrowful Mother of Warfhuizen . In the Philippines , a statue of Christ riding a donkey (the Humenta ), or the presiding priest on horseback, is brought to the local church in a morning procession. Congregants line the route, waving palaspás (ornately woven palm branches) and spreading tapis (heirloom "aprons" made for this ritual) in imitation of

4617-413: The home, but folk belief holds that the blessed palaspás are apotropaic , deterring evil spirits, lightning, and fires. Another folk custom is to feed pieces of blessed palaspás to roosters used in sabong (cockfighting); this was strongly discouraged by the Archbishop of Manila , Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle . In other provinces, the flowers strewn by the angels during the procession are added to

4698-399: The knocker, still shown to visitors, and when they were received, to wear a black gown with a yellow cross "of St. Cuthbert" on the left shoulder (ed. cit., p. 41). No woman was allowed to approach the saint's tomb beyond a line of blue marble traced on the floor. To explain this, chapter xviii tells a legend about a king's daughter who falsely accused him and was eventually swallowed up by

4779-425: The library of Durham cathedral, A, IV, 19) of the early ninth century contains capitula, chants and especially collects, from the Epiphany to Easter , then a proprium sanctorum , a commune sanctorum and many forms for blessings. The greater part has an interlinear Anglo-Saxon translation. At the end various scribes have used up the blank pages to write out a miscellaneous collection of hymns and exorcisms and

4860-399: The new fire. When the paschal candle is lit they sing a hymn "Inventor rutili", with a verse that is repeated each time. There are only five Prophecies, followed by the litanies. When "Omnes Sancti" is sung those who are to serve the Mass go out. The word Accendite is said and the candles are lighted. It is repeated three times; at the third repetition the bishop comes out to begin the Mass. All

4941-408: The other, armed and mounted on horseback. That design was, and still is, used by monarchs as the Great Seal of the Realm . As a symbol of his palatine jurisdiction, the Bishop of Durham's coat of arms was set against a crosier and a sword, instead of two crosiers, and the mitre above the coat of arms was encircled with a coronet, usually of the form known as a 'crest coronet' (and which is blazoned as

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5022-407: The palm is one of the Four Species carried for Sukkot , as prescribed for rejoicing in Leviticus 23:40. In the Greco-Roman culture of the Roman Empire , which strongly influenced Christian tradition, the palm branch was a symbol of triumph and victory. It became the most common attribute of the goddess Nike or Victoria . For contemporary Roman observers, the procession would have evoked

5103-428: The palm leaves and the olive leaves. Those parishes that have the statues of Good Friday bless the olive tree they put on the statues of "Jesus prays in the Olive Garden" ( Ġesù fl-Ort ) and the "Betrayal of Judas" ( il-Bewsa ta' Ġuda ). Also, many people take a small olive branch to their homes because it is a sacramental . In the Saxon regions of the Netherlands, crosses are decorated with candy and bread, made in

5184-423: The path of someone thought worthy of the highest honour. The Hebrew Bible reports that Jehu , son of Jehoshaphat , was treated this way. Both the Synoptic Gospels and the Gospel of John report that people gave Jesus this form of honour. In the synoptics the people are described as laying their garments and cut rushes on the street, whereas John specifies fronds of palm (Greek phoinix) . In Jewish tradition,

5265-457: The remote independence of Northumbria. To quell rebellions, William installed Robert Comine , a Norman noble, as the Earl of Northumbria, but Comine and his 700 men were massacred in Durham. In revenge, the King raided Northumbria in the Harrying of the North . Aethelwine, the Anglo-Saxon Bishop of Durham, tried to flee with Northumbrian treasures, but was caught and imprisoned. He later died in confinement, leaving his see vacant for William

5346-418: The right of wearing a mitre since Prior Berrington of Walworth (ch. lvi, ed. cit., p. 107). Throughout the year the chapter Mass was sung at nine o'clock, Vespers at three p. m. On Thursdays, except in Advent , Septuagesima and Lent , the Office of St. Cuthbert was sung in choir (ed. cit., p. 191). On Fridays there was a "Jesus-Mass" (a votive mass of the Holy Name) and the "Jesus-Antiphon"

5427-465: The right to use "his" suite at Durham Castle, although the right he retained to stable his horses in buildings adjacent to Palace Green in Durham has lapsed – it was noted in the preamble to the University of Durham Act 1935 ( 25 & 26 Geo. 5 . c. 29) that the bishop no longer kept horses. The diocesan Bishop of Durham (vacant) is supported by the Bishop suffragan of Jarrow , currently Sarah Clark . Alternative episcopal oversight (for parishes in

5508-402: The same Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. It is customary in many churches for worshippers to receive fresh palm leaves on Palm Sunday. In parts of the world where this has historically been impractical, substitute traditions have arisen. In Hoegaarden , one of the last remaining Palm Sunday processions takes place every year. A fellowship of Twelve Apostles carries a wooden statue of Christ around

5589-447: The title: in March 2016, when announcing the retirement of the assistant Bishop of Newcastle, the new suffragan bishop, when appointed, will have the title Bishop of Berwick. To differentiate his ecclesiastical and civil functions, the bishops used two or more seals: the traditional almond-shaped seal of a cleric, and the oval seal of a nobleman. They also had a large round seal showing them seated administering justice on one side, and, on

5670-452: The town, while children go door to door offering the palms ( box ) for coins. In Bulgaria , Palm Sunday is known as Tsvetnitsa ( tsvete , "flower") or Vrabnitsa ( varba , "willow"), or Flower's Day . People with flower-related names (e.g., Bilyan(a), Liliya, Margarita, Nevena, Ralitsa, Rosa, Temenuzhka, Tsvetan(a), Tsvetelin(a), Tsvetin(a), Tsvetko, Violeta, Yavor, Zdravko, Zjumbjul, etc.) celebrate this day as their name day . In

5751-448: The walls and doors of the temple. Again at the end of the Bible, people from every nation raise palm branches to honor Jesus. Palm Sunday commemorates the entrance of Christ into Jerusalem, during which palm branches were placed in his path, before his arrest on Holy Thursday and his crucifixion on Good Friday . It thus marks the beginning of Holy Week , the final week of Lent. In churches of many Christian denominations , members of

5832-473: The way for Spring. In the Coptic Orthodox Church and Orthodox Ethiopia , this holiday is referred to as Hosanna. Palm leaves will be blessed and distributed, they are used to create crucifixes, rings and other ornaments. In Finland , it is popular for children to dress up as Easter witches and go door to door in neighborhoods and trade decorated pussy willow branches for coins and candy. This

5913-589: The world), flowers are strewn about the sanctuary on Palm Sunday during the reading of the Gospel, at the words uttered by the crowd welcoming Jesus, "Hosanna! Blessed is he who is come and is to come in the name of the Lord God". These words are read to the congregation thrice. The congregation then repeats, "Hosanna!", and the flowers are scattered, a common custom in Indian celebrations. This symbolizes Jesus' triumphant entry into Jerusalem. Indian Orthodoxy traces its roots to

5994-507: Was a conspicuous and splendid feature of Easter ritual at Durham; it and the rite of the paschal candle are described in chapter iv (ed. cit., p. 10). The Office for Palm Sunday does not differ from that of the Sarum Rite and the other English uses (ed. cit., p. 179). On Maundy Thursday there was a procession with St. Cuthbert's relics. A special feature of the Good Friday service

6075-594: Was carried in funeral processions and represented eternal life. The martyr's palm was later used as a symbol of Christian martyrs and their spiritual victory or triumph over death. In Revelation 7:9, the white-clad multitude stand before the throne and Lamb holding palm branches. Palm Sunday, or the Entry of the Lord into Jerusalem as it may be called in Orthodox Churches , is one of the Twelve Great Feasts of

6156-512: Was created. The line of bishops of Durham stretches back to the 10th century, when Aldhun , Bishop of Lindisfarne (995–1018), transferred his see to Durham around 995. The diocese was founded, with its See at Lindisfarne , in 635; until the See was removed from there around 875 and translated to Chester-le-Street ( Cuncacestre ) in around 882. The Bishop owes his unique position to the 7th and 8th century Kingdom of Northumbria , which stretched from

6237-618: Was one suffragan Bishop of Berwick . Since 1572, the see has remained in abeyance (until 2016), and Berwick-upon-Tweed is now in Newcastle diocese. After the Union of the crowns of England and Scotland in 1603, the County Palatinate, founded to check Scottish incursions, increasingly became an anachronism. The palatinate was finally abolished on 5 July 1836. In 1844 the Islandshire exclave

6318-521: Was succeeded by Bob Cooper on 3 July 2018. 54°43′01″N 1°35′38″W  /  54.717°N 1.594°W  / 54.717; -1.594 Palm Sunday Palm Sunday is the Christian moveable feast that falls on the Sunday before Easter . The feast commemorates Christ's triumphal entry into Jerusalem , an event mentioned in each of the four canonical Gospels . Its name originates from

6399-438: Was sung after Complin (ed. cit., p. 220). This was also the custom at York , Lincoln , Lichfield and Salisbury . On St. Cuthbert's Day (20 March) there was naturally a great feast and his relics were exposed. Chapter x (ed. cit., p. 16) describes the great book containing names of benefactors (Liber Vitæ) that was kept on the high altar, chapter xxi the forms for giving sanctuary to accused persons. They had to use

6480-578: Was the crucifix taken by two monks from inside a statue of Our Lady, for the Creeping to the Cross. On the same day the Blessed Sacrament was enclosed in a great statue of Christ on a side altar and candles were burned before it till Easter Day. The Holy Saturday service in the Durham Missal is given on pp. 185–187 of the Surtees Society edition. The monks sang the " Miserere " while they went in procession to

6561-607: Was transferred to the jurisdiction of Northumberland, while the Bishop's duty to maintain a major fortress overlooking the Tweed at Norham also came to an end. 1882 saw the Bishop lose the religious leadership for the whole of Northumbria when the part north of the River Tyne became the newly created Diocese of Newcastle . In 1971 the Courts Act modernised the English courts system and abolished

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