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56-496: With a score of 7.16/10, Draveil ranks 49th among the 100 best French towns with a population of over 20,000 inhabitants. This result is a survey conducted permanently among the French population and takes into account the following factors : environment, security, medical facilities, cultural events, sports, shops and transport. Draveil is situated between the right bank of the Seine and

112-409: A basin to store rainwater, which would then be slowly released into the sewer system, preventing overflow. Plans also call for several public swimming areas to be made available by 2025, ending a ban instituted in 1923 due to the polluted water. These efforts have produced mixed results, as E. coli levels have often been found to be far higher than what is safe to swim in, though this could depend on

168-489: A large green park called the "Base de loisirs du Port-aux-Cerises" that covers over 175 hectares including trees, lakes and activity areas including a horse-riding club, an amusement park for children, an open-air swimming-pool, football field, tennis courts, acrobranche rope park, a small marina with berthing space for about thirty boats, etc. Draveil consists of the main town Draveil, the former villages Champrosay and Mainville, and several newer housing developments. Champrosay

224-554: A merit-based entrance scheme, have European curriculum, teach languages such as Chinese, etc. The infant department at the Mairie supervises a wide-range of day-care centres namely a family crèche, collective crèches like L’Île-aux-Bambins and Pomme-de-Rainette, parent-run day-care centres like crèche Tétine et Doudou and two other day-care centres "Mazières" and "Villiers" that offer à la carte hours. During school vacations, children are offered activities in "centres de loisirs" organised in

280-455: A population over 100,000 are in the Seine watershed: Le Havre at the estuary, Rouen in the Seine valley and Reims at the northern limit—with an annual urban growth rate of 0.2 percent. The population density is 201 per square kilometer. Tributaries of the Seine are, from source to mouth: Due to concentrated levels of industry, agriculture and urban populations of Paris and its surroundings,

336-561: A regular basis. Fares for the buses are included in the Navigo pass . Buses from Draveil also serve Juvisy , Orly Airport , Rungis International Market and other neighbouring towns. Draveil is not directly linked to the Paris Métro network. This is a result of a decision taken by the local authorities in order to keep land developers at bay and preserve the town's provincial charm. The Paris metro network can be reached from Juvisy station, which

392-845: A yachting club are based on the banks of the Seine. Two other swimming pools (Caneton and Mainville) that offer different activities like aquagym are also available. In the Bergeries quarter of the town, the COSEC Ferdinand-Buisson offers facilities for handball, table-tennis, badminton, gymnastics and martial arts. Other sports complex around the town organise activities such as volleyball, tennis, athletics, basketball, boxing, roller-blading, etc. A survey in 2010 found that there were thirty-eight doctors (general practitioners and specialists), fourteen dental surgeons, eleven pharmacists, etc. Many buses ply between many areas in Draveil round-the-clock on

448-570: Is 98 km (61 mi) long and has 8 locks. At Charenton-le-Pont is the mouth of the Marne . Upstream from Paris seven locks ensure navigation to Saint Mammès , where the Loing mouth is situated. Through an eighth lock the river Yonne is reached at Montereau-Fault-Yonne. From the mouth of the Yonne, larger ships can continue upstream to Nogent-sur-Seine (48 km [30 mi], 7 locks). From there on,

504-570: Is a 777-kilometre-long (483 mi) river in northern France . Its drainage basin is in the Paris Basin (a geological relative lowland) covering most of northern France. It rises at Source-Seine , 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Dijon in northeastern France in the Langres plateau, flowing through Paris and into the English Channel at Le Havre (and Honfleur on the left bank). It

560-468: Is across the Seine. Juvisy station has two RER lines to reach the centre of Paris within 15 minutes: RER line C and RER line D . This station is located in the neighboring commune of Juvisy-sur-Orge , 2 km (1.2 mi) from the town center of Draveil. A list of famous people who were either born or lived in Draveil include : Seine The Seine ( / s eɪ n , s ɛ n / sayn, sen , French: [sɛn] )

616-575: Is associated with Latin; the Latin word seems to derive from the same root as Latin sequor (I follow) and English sequence , namely Proto-Indo-European *seik - , signifying 'to flow' or 'to pour forth'. On 28 or 29 March 845, an army of Vikings led by a chieftain named Reginherus, which is possibly another name for Ragnar Lothbrok , sailed up the River Seine with siege towers and sacked Paris . On 25 November 885, another Viking expedition led by Rollo

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672-486: Is navigable by ocean-going vessels as far as Rouen , 120 kilometres (75 mi) from the sea. Over 60 percent of its length, as far as Burgundy , is negotiable by large barges and most tour boats, and nearly its whole length is available for recreational boating; excursion boats offer sightseeing tours of the river banks in the capital city, Paris. There are 37 bridges in Paris across the Seine (the most famous of which are

728-463: Is sold together with a cardboard wrapper and a plastic holder. The user must write their name on the cardboard wrapper and attach a photo (exactly 3cm x 2.5 cm; and face/hair/head must not touch border of photo). Travel may be added to the Navigo Découverte for one day, one week (Navigo Semaine, €30.75) or monthly (Navigo Mois €86.40). The weekly pass begins midnight Sunday night, and lasts until

784-721: The Calypso standard , initially with Radio-frequency identification (RFID), then Near-field communication (NFC) since 9 December 2013, and enables authenticated access at turnstiles by scanning the card at an electronic reader. Cards can be loaded with tickets and passes at staffed counters and at ticket vending machines. Since July 2018, they can also be recharged directly using a smartphone . Certain smartphones and smartwatches can be used in place of physical Navigo passes using mobile apps, such as Île-de-France Mobilités , Samsung Wallet , or Apple Wallet , which allow verification at Navigo card readers using NFC functionality. Three versions of

840-660: The Carte Navigo Découverte replaced the former equivalent version of the Carte Orange issued on the spot to anyone at a station without registration and in particular to the tourists not residing in the Île-de-France region. On 9 December 2013, the Navigo card was redesigned by Philippe Starck and used NFC technology instead of RFID. Since 1 January 2018, it is possible to load daily tickets (which in paper form were called Mobilis ) onto Navigo cards. Navigo Easy

896-472: The Forest of Sénart which gives the whole town a very green environment. In fact, the official motto of the town in Latin is "Inter undas et arbores", which can be translated into English as "between water and trees", a reference to its location between the Seine and the Forest of Sénart . Hardly a third of Draveil's area has been developed, thus offering a preserved environment to its inhabitants. Draveil also hosts

952-472: The Navigo Liberté+ service, which allows users to flexibly take single trips, which will be billed and debited from the user's bank account at the end of each month. Trips are charged at a discounted rate of €1.73 (equivalent to a tenth of the cost of a carnet when loaded onto Navigo Easy), and capped at a maximum payment of €8.65 per day (the cost of a day ticket). Unlike a ticket t+ , users can transfer from

1008-570: The Pont Alexandre III and the Pont Neuf ) and dozens more outside the city. A notable bridge, which is also the last along the course of the river, is the Pont de Normandie , the ninth longest cable-stayed bridge in the world, which links Le Havre and Honfleur . The Seine rises in the commune of Source-Seine , about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Dijon . The source has been owned by

1064-514: The ticket t+ for single trips, daily tickets, and tickets for the Roissybus and Orlybus airport shuttle buses. Longer-term passes, single tickets for rail trips outside Paris city limits ( billet origine-destination ) and the Paris Visite tourist tickets cannot be loaded onto Navigo Easy. The Navigo Easy Card does not charge passengers by fare, but by how many times does the passenger travel. When

1120-487: The 1800s, the river was much shallower within the city, and consisted of a small channel of continuous flow bordered by sandy banks (depicted in many illustrations of the period). Today the depth is tightly controlled and the entire width of the river between the built-up banks on either side is normally filled with water. The average flow of the river is very low, only a few cubic metres per second, but much higher flows are possible during periods of heavy runoff. Dredging in

1176-489: The 1960s marked an upturn in agricultural pollution due to land use changes that had previously scaled with population growth. Heavy industries near Paris and along the Oise River discharged virtually untreated wastewaters from the turn of the 19th century, causing concentrations of toxins in the river that were ignored until the late 1980s. Major French laws to address water quality were passed in 1898, 1964, 1996, and 2006. At

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1232-646: The 1960s mostly eliminated tidal bores on the lower river, known in French as "le mascaret." Four large storage reservoirs have been built since 1950 on the Seine as well as its tributaries Yonne, Marne, and Aube. These help in maintaining a constant level for the river through the city, but cannot prevent significant increases in river level during periods of extreme runoff. The dams are Lac d’Orient , Lac des Settons , Lake Der-Chantecoq , and Auzon-Temple and Amance, respectively. A very severe period of high water in January 1910 resulted in extensive flooding throughout

1288-409: The 19th century, which combines street runoff and sewage. The resulting oxygen deficit is principally caused by allochthonous bacteria larger than one micrometre in size. The specific activity of these sewage bacteria is typically three to four times greater than that of the autochthonous (background) bacterial population. Heavy metal concentrations in the Seine are relatively high. The pH level of

1344-606: The Battle of Normandy. Some of the Algerian victims of the Paris massacre of 1961 drowned in the Seine after being thrown by French policemen from the Pont Saint-Michel and other locations in Paris. At the 1900 Summer Olympics , the river hosted the rowing , swimming , and water polo events. Twenty-four years later , it hosted the rowing events again at Bassin d'Argenteuil, along

1400-465: The French government sought to reduce bacterial levels in the river to those safe for swimming. During the Olympics, daily tests of the water quality were taken to determine if it was safe for swimming; this caused the triathlon to be delayed by a day, before being allowed to proceed on July 31. A few of the triathletes who swam in the river became sick afterwards, though it was not clear if the Seine water

1456-464: The Navigo card are available. The Navigo pass is available to those who live or work in the Île-de-France region. The name and a photograph of the holder are printed on the card. It is available for free. The card can be loaded with daily, weekly, monthly, and annual passes. The cards can also be used for identification on the Vélib' bicycle rental system. The Navigo card can also be connected to

1512-693: The Seine Maritime is followed by a canalized section ( Basse Seine ) with four large multiple locks until the mouth of the Oise at Conflans-Sainte-Honorine (170 km [110 mi]). Smaller locks at Bougival and at Suresnes lift the vessels to the level of the river in Paris, where the junction with the Canal Saint-Martin is located. The distance from the mouth of the Oise is 72 km (45 mi). The Haute Seine , from Paris to Montereau-Fault-Yonne ,

1568-405: The Seine at Pont Neuf has been measured to be 8.46. Despite this, the water quality has improved significantly over what several historians at various times in the past called an "open sewer". In 2018, a €1.4 billion ($ 1.55 billion) cleanup programme called the "Swimming Plan" was launched with the aim of making the river safe to use for the 2024 Summer Olympics . The project included constructing

1624-517: The Seine beside the Tuileries Garden . Having a length of sixty-six feet and an eight-foot beam Fulton's steamboat attained speeds of three to four miles per hour against the Seine's current. Reaching the Seine was one of the original objectives of Operation Overlord , during the Second World War , in 1944. The Allies' intention was to reach the Seine by 90 days after D-Day . That objective

1680-426: The Seine north of Paris. More than a century later, during the 2024 Summer Olympics , the Seine hosted a boat parade with boats for each national delegation during the opening ceremony . The river was also the site of the men's and women's event for marathon swimming , as well as the swimming portion of the triathlon . Although swimming in the Seine had been banned since 1923, a €1.4 billion cleanup effort by

1736-532: The Seine-Normandy watershed experiences the highest human impacts of any hydrographic basin in France. Compared to most other large European rivers, the ability of the Seine to dilute urban sewage and farmland runoff is very low. Low oxygen levels, high concentrations of ammonia, nitrites and faecal bacteria, extending from Paris to the estuary, have been issues for over a century. The advent of nitrogenous fertilizers in

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1792-430: The Seine. By the early 2020s, the number of fish species near Paris had rebounded to 32. Periodically the sewage systems of Paris experience a failure known as sanitary sewer overflow , often in periods of high rainfall. Under these conditions, untreated residential and industrial sewage is discharged into the Seine to prevent backflow . This is due in large part to Paris' "single system" drainage scheme dating from

1848-415: The beginning of the 20th century, most domestic sewage was used as fertilizer for nearby croplands. As populations grew, the agricultural capacity to absorb those wastewaters was exceeded. Large-scale construction of waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) began in 1940 to meet demand; however, by 1970, about 60% of urban sewage was allowed to flow into the river untreated. The resulting oxygen depletion reduced

1904-653: The card in all means of transport and in the entirety of the Île-de-France region in place of the magnetic paper tickets of the conventional Carte orange, which was completely discontinued in February 2009. In July 2007, the Navigo card became compatible with Vélib' , the bicycle-sharing system of the City of Paris. From 2011, the card could also be used with the Autolib electric car-sharing service, until they ceased operations in 2018 and were replaced by Mobilib'. On 1 September 2007,

1960-410: The city of Paris since 1864. A number of closely associated small ditches or depressions provide the source waters, with an artificial grotto laid out to highlight and contain a deemed main source. The grotto includes a statue of a nymph, a dog, and a dragon. On the same site are the buried remains of a Gallo-Roman temple . Small statues of the dea Sequana "Seine goddess" and other ex-votos found at

2016-410: The city of Paris. The Seine again rose to threatening levels in 1924, 1955, 1982, 1999–2000, June 2016, and January 2018. After a first-level flood alert in 2003, about 100,000 works of art were moved out of Paris, the largest relocation of art since World War II . Much of the art in Paris is kept in underground storage rooms that would have been flooded. A 2002 report by the French government stated

2072-460: The earlier rainstorm during the opening ceremony had driven some untreated rainwater back into the Seine. However, the triathlon proceeded the following day, after testing found the water quality to be sufficient for swimming. The name Seine comes from Gaullish Sēquana , from the Celtic Gallo-Roman goddess of the river, as offerings for her were found at the source. Sometimes it

2128-530: The following midnight Sunday night. The monthly pass lasts from the first to last day of a single calendar month. Navigo Découverte does not support single-ride passes, single-day passes or annual passes. Navigo Découverte permits the user to travel on metros, trams, local RER trains, and busses within the greater Paris area. The Navigo Easy pass is available to everyone at a cost of €2 at staffed ticket counters and select ticket vending machines. It does not need to be personalized with name or photo. It can hold

2184-420: The métro/RER to the bus/tram network (or vice versa) within 90 minutes without paying a second fare. The service does not allow the use of the train network beyond the city limits of Paris (zone 1). The Navigo Découverte pass is available to everyone, including tourists from outside France or Paris. The card itself is purchased (with no travel enabled) for a one-time fee of €5 at staffed ticket counters, and

2240-482: The number of fish species to three. Measures taken in the early 2000s due to the Water Framework Directive led to significant reductions of organic carbon, phosphorus and ammonium, which in turn decreased the occurrence and severity of phytoplankton blooms. Continued WWTP construction and new treatment methods improved environmental conditions. In 2009, it was announced that Atlantic salmon had returned to

2296-543: The original soundtrack for the movie ' A Monster in Paris ' The Seine features prominently in ABBA 's 1980 song, Our Last Summer , written by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus . Navigo pass The Navigo pass ( French : Passe Navigo ) is a family of contactless smart cards that can be used for payment in public transportation in Paris and the Île-de-France region . It was first introduced on 1 October 2001. The cards are implemented as contactless smart cards using

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2352-601: The place Dracvern meaning "the spirit of the Alder". The Romans called it Dravernum. In the Merovingian period a money minting facility was installed here, which minted one-third of a gold sol called "Draverno". Inhabitants of Draveil are known as Draveillois (masculine) and Draveilloises (feminine) in French. Draveil is part of the arrondissement of Évry , the canton of Draveil and the communauté d'agglomération Val d'Yerres Val de Seine . The mayor of Draveil from 1995 until 2021

2408-515: The river beginning at Marcilly-sur-Seine , 516 kilometres (321 mi) to its mouth. At Paris, there are 37 bridges. The river is only 24 metres (79 ft) above sea level 446 kilometres (277 mi) from its mouth, making it slow flowing and thus easily navigable. The Seine Maritime, 123 kilometres (76 mi) from the English Channel at Le Havre to Rouen, is the only portion of the Seine used by ocean-going craft. The tidal section of

2464-406: The river is navigable only by small craft to Marcilly-sur-Seine (19 km [12 mi], 4 locks). At Marcilly-sur-Seine the 19th century Canal de la Haute-Seine used to allow vessels to continue all the way to Troyes . This canal has been abandoned since 1957. The Seine's average depth in Paris today is approximately 9.5 meters (31 feet). Until locks were installed to raise the level in

2520-435: The river was rising. The Deputy Mayor of Paris Colombe Brossel warned that the heavy rain was caused by climate change . He added that "We have to understand that climatic change is not a word, it's a reality." The basin area, including a part of Belgium, is 78,910 square kilometres (30,470 sq mi), 2 percent of which is forest and 78 percent cultivated land. In addition to Paris, three other cities with

2576-530: The same place are now exhibited in the Dijon archaeological museum. The Seine can artificially be divided into five parts: Below Rouen, the river passes through the Parc Naturel Régional des Boucles de la Seine Normande , a French regional nature park . The Seine is dredged and ocean-going vessels can dock at Rouen , 120 kilometres (75 mi) from the sea. Commercial craft (barges and push-tows) can use

2632-544: The school premises in Villiers, Mazières, Jean-Jaurès, Brossolette, Belvédère, Champrosay, Jules-Ferry, Mainville, Saint-Exupéry and Pierre et Marie-Curie. Besides, the Mairie also organises a sports-oriented programme for kids between 8 and 14 called "Totalement sport". A wide range of sports facilities are available at the "Base de loisirs du Port-aux-Cerises" namely, canoëing, kayaking, sailing, football field, tennis courts, minigolf, skatepark and horse-riding. A rowing club and

2688-457: The season. At the same time, the fish population in the river has surged, from just two species to over 30. To demonstrate the river's improved cleanliness, Mayor Anne Hidalgo and President Emmanuel Macron both pledged to take a swim in the waters, and Hidalgo did so on July 17, 2024. During the Summer Olympics, the date of the triathlon was postponed due to water quality issues, as

2744-569: The system was introduced in 2001, it was only available to subscribers of the Carte Intégrale annual pass. In 2003, it was increased to users of the Carte Imagine'R student pass. From end 2004, the Navigo card was available for travel within zones one and two of the Paris transportation region for Carte orange weekly and monthly passes, then in all bus and tramways from January 2005 to January 2006. Since 20 May 2006, it has been possible to use

2800-417: The worst-case Seine flood scenario would cost 10 billion euros and cut telephone service for a million Parisians, leaving 200,000 without electricity and 100,000 without gas. In January 2018 the Seine again flooded, reaching a flood level of 5.84 metres (19 ft 2 in) on 29 January. An official warning was issued on 24 January that heavy rainfall was likely to cause the river to flood. By 27 January,

2856-606: Was Georges Tron . He resigned on 25 May 2021 following his sentence and imprisonment for sexual assault and rape. He was succeeded by Richard Privat in June 2021. The town has eight preschools It also has ten primary schools There are three middle schools: Draveil has one professional high school named "Lycée Nadar". High schools around Draveil are either public like Lycée Rosa Parks in Montgéron. There are three respected private institutions around Draveil: These private schools have

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2912-547: Was home to several artists in the 19th and early 20th century, including painters Marie Laurencin and Eugène Delacroix and writer Alphonse Daudet . Human presence in Draveil during the Neolithic period is suggested by the discovery of a menhir called the "Pierre à Mousseaux" dating from the fourth millennium BC and confirmed by the presence of tools and weapons in flint cut found in the Mainville quarter of Draveil. The Gauls named

2968-618: Was introduced on 12 June 2019, and the Navigo Liberté+ subscription service was introduced on 13 November 2019. Based on tests starting in July 2018 (then restricted to 8,000 users with Samsung Galaxy phones operated by Orange), from 25 September 2019, it became possible to pay for and load tickets on Navigo cards using the NFC functionality on smartphones. Alternatively, Android & iOS smartphones, as well as select Wear OS and watchOS smartwatches, have since been able to be used to directly validate

3024-557: Was met. An anticipated assault crossing of the river never materialized as German resistance in France crumbled by early September 1944. However, the First Canadian Army did encounter resistance immediately west of the Seine and fighting occurred in the Forêt de la Londe as Allied troops attempted to cut off the escape across the river of parts of the German 7th Army in the closing phases of

3080-624: Was sent up the River Seine to attack Paris again . In March 1314, King Philip IV of France had Jacques de Molay , last Grand Master of the Knights Templar , burned on a scaffold on an island in the River Seine in front of Notre Dame de Paris . After the burning of Joan of Arc in 1431, her ashes were thrown into the Seine from the medieval stone Mathilde Bridge at Rouen , though unsupported counter-claims persist. On 9 August 1803 Robert Fulton , American painter and marine engineer, made his first successful test of his steamboat in

3136-628: Was the cause. In 1991 (and 2024), UNESCO added the banks of the Seine in Paris—the Rive Gauche and Rive Droite —to its list of World Heritage Sites in Europe . During the 19th and the 20th centuries in particular the Seine inspired many artists, including: A song "La Seine" by Flavien Monod and Guy Lafarge was written in 1948. Josephine Baker also recorded a song called "La Seine" An additional song entitled "La Seine", by Vanessa Paradis featuring Matthieu Chedid , formed part of

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