60-528: Dows is a city in Franklin and Wright counties of the U.S. state of Iowa . The population was 521 at the time of the 2020 census . The town was incorporated on May 3, 1892. Dows got its start in the year 1880, following construction of the railroad through that territory. Dows is named for a railroad contractor, Col. William Greene Dows. The Dows Historical Society and community volunteers have restored several historical buildings, three of which are listed on
120-555: A 2-way whole grade sharing agreement with CAL Community School (Latimer). Dows maintained an elementary and a shared Dows-CAL Middle School. In 2005, Dows ended their partnership with CAL and entered a 1-way whole grade sharing agreement with Clarion-Goldfield CSD, with the Dows Elementary remaining until 2014. The current community is within the Clarion–Goldfield–Dows Community School District , which
180-507: A combined question and a MENA category, while also collecting additional detail to enable data disaggregation. The OMB states, "many federal programs are put into effect based on the race data obtained from the decennial census (i.e., promoting equal employment opportunities; assessing racial disparities in health and environmental risks). Race data is also critical for the basic research behind many policy decisions. States require this data to meet legislative redistricting requirements. The data
240-531: A female householder with no spouse or partner present and 26.9% had a male householder with no spouse or partner present. 39.7% of all households were non-families. 32.2% of all households were made up of individuals, 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years old or older. The median age in the city was 41.1 years. 23.4% of the residents were under the age of 20; 5.0% were between the ages of 20 and 24; 26.1% were from 25 and 44; 24.0% were from 45 and 64; and 21.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of
300-567: A household in the county was $ 36,042, and the median income for a family was $ 45,184. Males had a median income of $ 29,694 versus $ 21,115 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 18,767. About 5.70% of families and 8.00% of the population were below the poverty line , including 9.70% of those under age 18 and 7.10% of those age 65 or over. Franklin County is home to the Franklin County Fair. Held annually for five days in mid-July,
360-523: A large cornerstone building on the south side of Main Street, was built in 1894 and has housed many businesses over the years. In 1987 the building was purchased by the historical society and restored. In 1989, the Dows Mercantile, an antique mall covering three floors, opened in the building. The Vernon Township Schoolhouse was built in 1887 and is a typical of what one-room, country schoolhouses were like in
420-519: A person's origins considered in the census. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino." However, the practice of separating "race" and "ethnicity" as different categories has been criticized both by the American Anthropological Association and members of US Commission on Civil Rights . In 1997,
480-412: A population of 10,019 in the county, with a population density of 17.1848/sq mi (6.6351/km ). 92.62% of the population reported being of one race. There were 4,656 housing units of which 4,141 were occupied. The 2010 census recorded a population of 10,680 in the county, with a population density of 18.338/sq mi (7.080/km ). There were 4,894 housing units, of which 4,332 were occupied. As of
540-520: A race. Enumerators were instructed that all people born in Mexico, or whose parents were born in Mexico, should be listed as Mexicans, and not under any other racial category. In prior censuses and in 1940, enumerators were instructed to list Mexican Americans as white, perhaps because some of them were of white background (mainly Spanish), many others mixed white and Native American and some of them Native American. The supplemental American Indian questionnaire
600-675: A separate question. The racial categories represent a social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be and, "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country". The OMB defines the concept of race as outlined for the census to be not "scientific or anthropological", and takes into account "social and cultural characteristics as well as ancestry", using "appropriate scientific methodologies" that are not "primarily biological or genetic in reference." The race categories include both racial and national-origin groups. Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with
660-471: Is a P/K-12 school system located in Hampton and serving the communities of Hampton, Dumont, Aredale, and Hansell. Hampton-Dumont has a K-12 enrollment of 1,194. The West Fork Community Schools are made up of a whole grade sharing agreement between SCMT and Rockwell-Swaledale. West Fork serves the communities of Sheffield, Chapin, Meservey, Thornton, Rockwell, and Swaledale and has a combined enrollment of 764 between
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#1732844482847720-424: Is a large kitchen as well as many tables, internet hook ups, and nice restrooms. The building also houses the city offices. The Dows Community School served the educational needs of the area for over 100 years. The original 3-story school building was constructed in 1914 with major additions built in 1935, 1954, 1961, and 1980. The last class to graduate from Dows High School graduated in 1998. That Fall, Dows entered
780-611: Is an independent Reformed church that meets in the former First Presbyterian Church. Located six miles east of town is the Morgan Methodist Church. Also, southwest of town is the Vernon Lutheran Church, which no longer has services. Churches that have closed in town include the Dows First Presbyterian Church (PCUSA) and Abundant Life Chapel (Non-Denominational). The First Presbyterian Church is owned by
840-530: Is from the Indian subcontinent ) were counted as White. There was a questionnaire that was asked of only a sample of respondents. These questions were as follows: Questions on Spanish or Hispanic Origin or Descent Is this person's origin or descent? Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American Other Spanish No, none of these This year added several options to the race question, including Vietnamese, Indian (East), Guamanian, Samoan, and re-added Aleut. Again,
900-591: Is needed to monitor compliance with the Voting Rights Act by local jurisdictions". Data on ethnic groups are important for putting into effect a number of federal statutes (i.e., enforcing bilingual election rules under the Voting Rights Act and monitoring/enforcing equal employment opportunities under the Civil Rights Act ). Data on ethnic groups is also needed by local governments to run programs and meet legislative requirements (i.e., identifying segments of
960-451: The 2020 census , the population was 10,019. The county seat is Hampton . The county was formed on January 15, 1851 and named after Benjamin Franklin . According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 583 square miles (1,510 km ), of which 582 square miles (1,510 km ) is land and 0.6 square miles (1.6 km ) (0.09%) is water. The 2020 census recorded
1020-578: The National Register of Historic Places . The Rock Island Depot in Dows was built in 1896. The historical society purchased and restored the depot in 1988 that houses an Iowa Welcome Center and historical railroad and community memorabilia. The Quasdorf Blacksmith and Wagon Museum was built in 1899 and was restored in 1990. This is one of the best equipped blacksmith shops in the Midwest. The Fillmore Building ,
1080-836: The Secretary of State , directed US Marshals to collect data from all 13 original states, and from the Southwest Territory . The census was not conducted in Vermont until 1791, after that state's admission to the Union as the 14th state on March 4 of that year. Some doubt surrounded the numbers, as President George Washington and Thomas Jefferson maintained the population was undercounted. The potential reasons Washington and Jefferson may have thought this could be refusal to participate, poor public transportation and roads, spread-out population, and restraints of current technology. No microdata from
1140-469: The US Constitution and applicable laws. The law required that every household be visited, that completed census schedules be posted in two of the most public places within each jurisdiction, remain for the inspection of all concerned, and that "the aggregate amount of each description of persons" for every district be transmitted to the president . The US Marshals were also responsible for governing
1200-557: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 0.80 square miles (2.07 km), of which 0.77 square miles (1.99 km) is land and 0.03 square miles (0.08 km) is water. As of the census of 2020, there were 521 people, 242 households, and 146 families residing in the city. The population density was 677.4 inhabitants per square mile (261.6/km). There were 284 housing units at an average density of 369.3 per square mile (142.6/km). The racial makeup of
1260-513: The census of 2000, there were 10,704 people, 4,356 households, and 2,983 families residing in the county. The population density was 18 people per square mile (6.9 people/km ). There were 4,763 housing units at an average density of 8 units per square mile (3.1 units/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 94.92% White , 0.08% Black or African American , 0.23% Native American , 0.16% Asian , 0.02% Pacific Islander , 4.05% from other races , and 0.53% from two or more races. 6.00% of
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#17328444828471320-574: The poverty line , including 9.1% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over. In 2003, the Dows Community Convention Center was built on Ellsworth Street. The building was modeled similarly to the Exchange Block that once stood as the cornerstone building to the north side of Ellsworth Street. The building includes a 4,800-square-foot (450 m) convention room and a 360-square-foot (33 m) meeting room. Also included
1380-417: The "Color or Race" question was slightly modified, removing the term "Mulatto". Also, there was an inclusion of an "Indian Population Schedule" in which "enumerators were instructed to use a special expanded questionnaire for American Indians living on reservations or in family groups off of reservations." This expanded version included the question "Fraction of person's lineage that is white." The 1910 census
1440-513: The 1790 population census are available, but aggregate data for small areas and their compatible cartographic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System . However, the categories of "Free white males" of 16 years and upward, including heads of families under 16 years, "Free white females", including heads of families, All other free persons, and "Slaves," existed in
1500-660: The 19th and early 20th centuries. The building was moved to town and was restored both inside and out. The schoolhouse is furnished with original desks, blackboards, and books. Another historical building located in the downtown area is the Evans Prairie Home, located across from the Welcome Center. Dows is located two miles (3.2 km) west of Interstate 35 . Dows is located at 42°39′25″N 93°30′8″W / 42.65694°N 93.50222°W / 42.65694; -93.50222 (42.656882, -93.502175). According to
1560-414: The 2000 and 2010 censuses. The following questions were asked of a sample of respondents for the 1990 census : The 1990 census was not designed to capture multiple racial responses, and when individuals marked the "other" race option and provided a multiple write-in. The response was assigned according to the race written first. "For example, a write-in of 'black-white' was assigned a code of 'black,' while
1620-582: The Dows American Legion and is available to rent for events. The first weekend in August always marks a large celebration, the Dows Corn Days. The festivities include an impressive parade, entertainment in the park, food vendors, inflatable rides, several activities, and a community church service. Franklin County, Iowa Franklin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa . As of
1680-710: The Figure 8 Races generally fill the grandstand. The fair also includes free entertainment and a carnival midway. The fairgrounds features the Franklin County Historical Museum, Pleasant Hill (turn of the century village with stores, crafters, old west shows, music and entertainment), and Grandpa's Farm (all phases of farming demonstrated with vintage implements powered by draft horses, steam engines and antique tractors). There are four high schools in Franklin County. The Hampton-Dumont Community School District
1740-469: The Franklin County Fair is held on the fairgrounds located on the west side of Hampton. Traditionally, grandstand entertainment begins on Wednesday with the Barnes PRCA Rodeo. Thursday, Friday, and Saturday are usually concerts featuring nationally known entertainment. In 2007 such names as Terri Clark, Marshall Tucker Band, and Trent Tomlinson & Danielle Peck brought fans to the grandstand. On Sunday
1800-512: The OMB built on the 1997 guidelines and suggested the addition of a Middle Eastern or North African (MENA) racial category and considered combining racial and ethnic categories into one question. In March 2024, the Office of Management and Budget published revisions to Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity that included
1860-405: The OMB issued a Federal Register notice regarding revisions to the standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. The OMB developed race and ethnic standards in order to provide "consistent data on race and ethnicity throughout the federal government ". The development of the data standards stem in large measure from new responsibilities to enforce civil rights laws. Among
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1920-509: The age of 18 living with them, 47.2% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.4% were non-families. 40.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 23.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.97. 20.0% were under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 26.2% were 65 years of age or older. The median age
1980-418: The census form. In 1800 and 1810, the age question regarding free white males was more detailed with five cohorts and included All other free persons, except "Indians not taxed", and "Slaves". The 1820 census built on the questions asked in 1810 by asking age questions about slaves. Also the term "colored" entered the census nomenclature. In addition, a question stating "Number of foreigners not naturalized"
2040-418: The census. About one-third of the original census data has been lost or destroyed since documentation. The data was lost in 1790–1830, and included data from Connecticut , Delaware , Georgia , Maine , Maryland , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , New Jersey , New York , North Carolina , Pennsylvania , Rhode Island , South Carolina , Vermont , and Virginia . However, the census was proven factual and
2100-483: The changes, The OMB issued the instruction to "mark one or more races" after noting evidence of increasing numbers of mixed-race children and wanting to record diversity in a measurable way after having received requests by people who wanted to be able to acknowledge theirs and their children's full ancestry, rather than identifying with only one group. Prior to this decision, the census and other government data collections asked people to report singular races. As of 2023,
2160-507: The city was 54.9% male and 45.1% female. As of the census of 2010, there were 538 people, 250 households, and 142 families residing in the city. The population density was 698.7 inhabitants per square mile (269.8/km). There were 305 housing units at an average density of 396.1 per square mile (152.9/km). The racial makeup of the city was 93.3% White , 1.3% African American , 0.2% Asian , 3.9% from other races , and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 18.4% of
2220-436: The city was 79.5% White , 0.0% Black or African American , 1.9% Native American , 0.4% Asian , 0.2% Pacific Islander , 11.3% from other races and 6.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino persons of any race comprised 24.6% of the population. Of the 242 households, 27.7% of which had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.0% were married couples living together, 10.3% were cohabitating couples, 17.8% had
2280-427: The city. The population density was 867.3 inhabitants per square mile (334.9/km). There were 320 housing units at an average density of 411.2 per square mile (158.8/km). The racial makeup of the city was 92.30% White , 0.89% Asian , 6.37% from other races , and 0.44% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.19% of the population. There were 290 households, out of which 21.7% had children under
2340-630: The decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. The 1940 census
2400-536: The design of the population questionnaire. Residents were still listed individually, but a new questionnaire sheet was used for each family. Additionally, this was the first year that the census distinguished among different Asian ethnic groups, such as Japanese and Chinese , due to increased immigration. This census also marked the beginning of the term "race" in the questionnaires. Enumerators were instructed to write "White", "Black", "Mulatto", " Quadroon ", "Octoroon", "Chinese", "Japanese", or " Indian ". During 1900,
2460-456: The existence of most of this data can be confirmed in many secondary sources pertaining to the first census. Census data included the name of the head of the family and categorized inhabitants as: free white males at least 16 years of age (to assess the country's industrial and military potential), free white males under 16 years of age, free white females, all other free persons (reported by sex and color), and slaves . Thomas Jefferson , then
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2520-718: The following table is based on the 2020 census of Franklin County. † county seat 42°43′51″N 93°16′03″W / 42.73083°N 93.26750°W / 42.73083; -93.26750 Asian (U.S. Census) In the United States census , the US Census Bureau and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) define a set of self-identified categories of race and ethnicity chosen by residents, with which they most closely identify. Residents can indicate their origins alongside their race, and are asked specifically whether they are of Hispanic or Latino origin in
2580-480: The free inhabitants schedule about color was a column that was to be left blank if a person were white, marked "B" if a person were black, and marked "M" if a person were mulatto . Slaves were listed by owner, and classified by gender and age, not individually, and the question about color was a column that was to be marked with a "B" if the slave were black and an "M" if mulatto. For 1890, the Census Office changed
2640-441: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 4,356 households, out of which 29.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.90% were married couples living together, 6.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.50% were non-families. 27.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
2700-652: The population who may not be receiving medical services under the Public Health Service Act ; evaluating whether financial institutions are meeting the credit needs of minority populations under the Community Reinvestment Act ). The 1790 United States census was the first census in the history of the United States. The population of the United States was recorded as 3,929,214 as of Census Day, August 2, 1790, as mandated by Article I, Section 2 of
2760-439: The population. There were 250 households, of which 21.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.8% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.2% were non-families. 38.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
2820-451: The race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded as "Negro", no matter the fraction of that lineage (the " one-drop rule "). A person of mixed black and American Indian ancestry was also to be recorded as "Neg" (for "Negro") unless they were considered to be "predominantly" American Indian and accepted as such within the community. A person with both white and American Indian ancestry
2880-507: The racial question, and also removed Hindu and Korean from the race choices. The 1960 census re-added the word "color" to the racial question, and changed "Indian" to "American Indian", as well as adding Hawaiian, Part-Hawaiian, Aleut, and Eskimo. The "Other (print out race)" option was removed. This year's census included "Negro or Black", re-added Korean and the Other race option. East Indians (the term used at that time for people whose ancestry
2940-427: The term "color" was removed from the racial question, and the following questions were asked of a sample of respondents: Questions on Spanish or Hispanic Origin or Descent Is this person of Spanish/Hispanic origin or descent? No, not Spanish/Hispanic Yes, Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano Yes, Puerto Rican Yes, Cuban Yes, other Spanish/Hispanic The racial categories in this year are as they appear in
3000-419: The two districts. The AGWSR Community School District serves the communities of Ackley, Geneva, Wellsburg, and Steamboat Rock and has a K-12 enrollment of 654 students. The CAL Community School District, located just south of Latimer, serves the communities of Coulter, Alexander, and Latimer and has a K-12 enrollment of 274 students. Franklin County is divided into sixteen townships : The population ranking of
3060-431: Was 2.15 and the average family size was 2.77. The median age in the city was 47.8 years. 19.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.2% were from 25 to 44; 29.3% were from 45 to 64; and 25.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 675 people, 290 households, and 164 families residing in
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#17328444828473120-400: Was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.93. In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.20% under the age of 18, 7.30% from 18 to 24, 24.00% from 25 to 44, 23.90% from 45 to 64, and 20.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 96.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.90 males. The median income for
3180-406: Was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 26,141, and the median income for a family was $ 35,156. Males had a median income of $ 22,386 versus $ 25,500 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 15,109. About 8.1% of families and 7.7% of the population were below
3240-443: Was back, but in abbreviated form. It featured a question asking if the person was of full or mixed American Indian ancestry. President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a Good Neighbor policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935, a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent
3300-724: Was formed by the merger of the Dows Community School District and the Clarion–Goldfield Community School District on July 1, 2014. The school property in Dows was later on purchased. The Dows area is home to several churches. The Dows First Lutheran Church is affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA). The Dows United Methodist Church meets in their historic building constructed in 1896. The Sovereign Grace Church
3360-423: Was included. In the 1830 census, a new question, which stated, "The number of White persons who were foreigners not naturalized" was included. The 1850 census had a dramatic shift in the way information about residents was collected. For the first time, free persons were listed individually instead of by head of household. Two questionnaires were used - one for free inhabitants and one for slaves. The question on
3420-421: Was similar to 1910, but excluded a separate schedule for American Indians. "Hin", "Kor", and "Fil" were also added to the "Color or Race" question, signifying Hindu (Asian Indian), Korean, and Filipino, respectively. The biggest change in this census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting
3480-527: Was similar to that of 1900, but it included a reinsertion of "Mulatto" and a question about the "mother tongue" of foreign-born individuals and individuals with foreign-born parents. "Ot" was also added to signify "other races", with space for a race to be written in. This decade's version of the Indian Population Schedule featured questions asking the individual's proportion of white, black, or American Indian lineage. The 1920 census questionnaire
3540-415: Was the first to include separate population and housing questionnaires. The race category of "Mexican" was eliminated in 1940, and the population of Mexican descent was counted with the white population. 1940 census data was used for Japanese American internment . The Census Bureau's role was denied for decades, but was finally proven in 2007. The 1950 census questionnaire removed the word "color" from
3600-410: Was to be recorded as American Indian, unless their Indigenous ancestry was small, and they were accepted as white within the community. In all situations in which a person had white and some other racial ancestry, they were to be reported as that other race. People who had minority interracial ancestry were to be reported as the race of their father. For the first and only time, "Mexican" was listed as
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