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66-666: The creek's watershed extends as far east as Manchester, Maryland , and includes the towns of Union Bridge , Taneytown , New Windsor and Westminster. The main stem of the creek is formed from the confluence of Big Pipe Creek, 31.6 miles (50.9 km) long, with headwaters near Manchester; and Little Pipe Creek, 24.9 miles (40.1 km) long, with headwaters in Westminster. From the confluence, near Detour, Maryland ( 39°36′04″N 77°16′13″W  /  39.6012°N 77.2703°W  / 39.6012; -77.2703 ), Double Pipe flows west for 1.6 miles (2.6 km) to its mouth at

132-399: A hill farm , while large estates growing cash crops such as cotton or coffee may be called plantations. Many other terms are used to describe farms to denote their methods of production, as in collective , corporate , intensive , organic or vertical . Other farms may primarily exist for research or education, such as an ant farm , and since farming is synonymous with mass production,

198-498: A Manchester bypass relocating Route 30 outside of town limits. In 1907, AT&T was granted rights to operate a telegraph and telephone line in Manchester, but telephone service was not utilized until 1921. Land line-based telephone service has been provided by Verizon since its creation on June 30, 2000. Glen Rock Electric Light and Power Company first ran electric lines through town in 1922. In 1999, Maryland deregulated

264-464: A church near the tree. The town newsletter was named Oaknotes as an homage to the large White Oak tree. Manchester is a typical " Main Street " town that continues expanding to accommodate a growing population. Manchester has its own post office , and home mail delivery is available to most residents. A majority, an estimated 95%, of town residents commute to work. There are no large employers inside

330-513: A defensive position for the Army of the Potomac at Pipe Creek, making use of its broad slopes and open fields of fire. In the alternate history Gettysburg , by Gingrich and Forstchen, General Lee seizes Pipe Creek as his defensive line. 39°36′04″N 77°16′13″W  /  39.601211°N 77.270262°W  / 39.601211; -77.270262 Manchester, Maryland Manchester

396-465: A great decrease in the number of agricultural workers needed. In Europe, traditional family farms are giving way to larger production units. In Australia, some farms are very large because the land is unable to support a high stocking density of livestock because of climatic conditions. In less developed countries, small farms are the norm, and the majority of rural residents are subsistence farmers , feeding their families and selling any surplus products in

462-418: A greater share of total farming input expenditures towards the purchase of locally sourced input?(e.g. labour and organic fertilisers) and a local multiplier effect is expected to kick in. Overall, green farming practices tend to require more labour inputs than conventional farming (e.g. from comparable levels to as much as 30 per cent more) (FAO 2007 and European Commission 2010), creating jobs in rural areas and

528-512: A higher return on labour inputs." Where most of the income is from some other employment, and the farm is really an expanded residence, the term hobby farm is common. This will allow sufficient size for recreational use but be very unlikely to produce sufficient income to be self-sustaining. Hobby farms are commonly around 2 hectares (4.9 acres) but may be much larger depending upon land prices (which vary regionally). Often very small farms used for intensive primary production are referred to by

594-567: A holding of any size from a fraction of a hectare to several thousand hectares. A farm may operate under a monoculture system or with a variety of cereal or arable crops, which may be separate from or combined with raising livestock. Specialist farms are often denoted as such, thus a dairy farm, fish farm, poultry farm or mink farm. Some farms may not use the word at all, hence vineyard (grapes), orchard (nuts and other fruit), market garden or "truck farm" (vegetables and flowers). Some farms may be denoted by their topographical location, such as

660-472: A key indicator of status and power, especially in Medieval European agrarian societies . The distribution of farm ownership has historically been closely linked to form of government. Medieval feudalism was essentially a system that centralized control of farmland, control of farm labor and political power, while the early American democracy, in which land ownership was a prerequisite for voting rights,

726-525: A large farm becomes a station . A farm in Africa includes various structures. Depending on climate-related areas primarily farming is the raising and breeding of grazing livestock, such as cattle, sheep, ostriches, horses or goats. Predominantly domestic animals are raised for their meat, milk, skin, leather or fiber wool). You might even come across silk farms. Furthermore, there are plenty of hunting farms, guest farms and game farms . Arable] or irrigated land

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792-467: A part of Baltimore County , before the creation of Carroll County in 1837. It is governed by an elected mayor and an elected five-person town council. Manchester lies in the humid continental climate region, marked by cold and snowy winters but humid and hot summers. This climate is ideal for growing farmed crops in the summer such as tomatoes , sweet corn and squash , leaving much of the outlying area marked with large tracts of farmland . Manchester

858-510: A part of that county until the creation of Carroll County on January 19, 1837. Prior to European colonization , the Susquehannock people occupied the territory now within the borders of Manchester. At the center of town stands an intersection of what were once two important Native American trails . One part of the trail connected the Potomac and Susquehanna rivers, and the other ran from

924-573: A relatively large cigar manufacturing town, from after the Civil War until around 1930, when the mass production of cigars made the manual method in use in the town less economical. Manchester was the home of one of the first colleges in Carroll County when, in 1858, Irving College , named after poet Washington Irving , was established by Dr. Ferdinand Dieffenbach. During the Civil War the success of

990-662: A system of subsidies and market intervention. Until the 1990s, the policy accounted for over 60 per cent of the European Union's annual budget, and as of 2013 accounts for around 34 per cent. According to the World Bank , "most empirical evidence indicates that land productivity on large farms in Pakistan is lower than that of small farms, holding other factors constant." Small farmers have "higher net returns per hectare" than large farms, according to farm household income data. Nepal

1056-519: A term of four years. In 2011 Mayor Ryan Warner was elected for the first time, previously serving as a Town Council member. In 2023, Warner would lose his bid for re-election to Melinda Smith, who previously served on the Town Council between 2013 and 2021. It was announced in September 2015 that a new Town Hall building would be erected several blocks from the current location on property purchased by

1122-692: Is 604 students in pre-kindergarten , kindergarten , and grades 1 through 5. Ebb Valley Elementary School opened in August 2008 with a student population of 467. Ebb Valley is a two-story school accommodating kindergarten through fifth grade students. Manchester Valley High School opened in August 2009 to help alleviate overpopulation at North Carroll High School in Hampstead . Teaching grades 9 through 12, its first graduation ceremony occurred on June 1, 2011. The two high schools, Manchester Valley and North Carroll, merged as one school once again after North Carroll

1188-492: Is January with an average high of 38 °F (3 °C) and average low of 21 °F (-6 °C) Manchester receives an annual precipitation of 43.67 inches (110.9 cm). During the summer, Manchester hosts the Manchester Volunteer Fire Department Carnival . The carnival lasts several nights and usually coincides with Independence Day . A fireworks display is set off to celebrate

1254-499: Is a rural commuting town where residents travel to work in the greater Baltimore Metropolitan Area and the greater Washington Metropolitan Area . The Town of Manchester, officially incorporated in 1833, was originally known as "Manchester Germantown". However, the name Germantown referred to a community west of Manchester that was later incorporated with the town. The town was originally laid out in Baltimore County and remained

1320-453: Is a small incorporated town in northeastern Carroll County, Maryland , United States, located just south of the Pennsylvania state line and north of Baltimore . The population was 4,808 at the 2010 census. Manchester was incorporated in 1833 and is the second oldest incorporated area in Carroll County after Westminster , which was incorporated in 1818. The town was originally formed as

1386-461: Is a tall building where grains, such as wheat and oats are stored. Farmers also use small round metal buildings to store their grain. These buildings are called grain bins . Dairy farming is a class of agriculture, where female cattle , goats , or other mammals are raised for their milk , which may be either processed on-site or transported to a dairy for processing and eventual retail sale There are many breeds of cattle that can be milked some of

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1452-602: Is an agricultural country and about 80% of the total population are engaged in farming. Rice is mainly produced in Nepal along with fruits like apples. Dairy farming and poultry farming are also growing in Nepal . Farming is a significant economic sector in Australia . A farm is an area of land used for primary production which will include buildings. According to the UN, "green agriculture directs

1518-510: Is fed directly to the cows, or stored as silage for use during the winter season. Additional dietary supplements are added to the feed to improve milk production. Poultry farms are devoted to raising chickens (egg layers or broilers ), turkeys , ducks , and other fowl , generally for meat or eggs . A pig farm is one that specializes in raising pigs for bacon, ham, and other pork products. They may be free range , intensive, or both. Farm control and ownership has traditionally been

1584-462: Is often used for raising crops such as feed grains and hay for animal feeding. On some farms (Astro Farm) star-gazing became very popular because of the excellent optical quality in the desert. The High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) which investigates cosmic gamma rays is situated on Farm Göllschau in Namibia . Farm equipment has evolved over the centuries from simple hand tools such as

1650-411: Is one of the most important policies of the European Union and is helping in the change of farms from traditional family farms to larger production units. The policy has the objectives of increasing agricultural production, providing certainty in food supplies, ensuring a high quality of life for farmers, stabilizing markets, and ensuring reasonable prices for consumers. It was, until recently, operated by

1716-572: Is significantly below the 2005 U.S. poverty level of $ 19,874 for a family of four. In 2007, corn acres are expected to increase by 15% because of the high demand for ethanol, both in and outside of the U.S. Producers are expecting to plant 90.5 million acres (366,000 km ) of corn, making it the largest corn crop since 1944. In the UK, farm as an agricultural unit, always denotes the area of pasture and other fields together with its farmhouse, farmyard and outbuildings. Large farms, or groups of farms under

1782-424: Is the norm, with either government ownership of the land or common ownership by a local group. Especially in societies without widespread industrialized farming, tenant farming and sharecropping are common; farmers either pay landowners for the right to use farmland or give up a portion of the crops. Agribusiness is the industry , enterprises , and the field of study of value chains in agriculture and in

1848-455: Is the predominant land use in the watershed, tributaries of Double Pipe Creek flow through portions of Westminster, Taneytown, New Windsor and Union Bridge.) See Union Mills Reservoir Since the 1970s, Carroll County commissioners have been proposing a dam or reservoir, defeated in 1976 by petition and raised again under the title of a proposed Union Mills Reservoir . Before the battle broke out at Gettysburg , General Meade had planned

1914-522: The Appalachian Mountains . Manchester lies in the transition zone between the humid subtropical and humid continental climate zones , and experiences higher annual snowfall and colder temperatures than the southern half of Maryland, which lies in the humid subtropical climate zone. The hottest summer month is July, during which temperatures average a high of 87 °F (31 °C) with an average low of 63 °F (17 °C). The coldest month

1980-633: The Battle of Gettysburg . Manchester has had three newspapers. The first, called the Manchester Gazette , began publishing weekly in 1870 and ceased in 1872. The second went into print on December 11, 1880, and was called the Manchester Enterprise , and in 1888 the Telephone Messenger was established. The official seal of the town of Manchester is a church steeple in the foreground and

2046-614: The British Agricultural Revolution in the 18th century, and the Green Revolution of the second half of the 20th century. Farming originated independently in different parts of the world, as hunter gatherer societies transitioned to food production rather than food capture. It may have started about 12,000 years ago with the domestication of livestock in the Fertile Crescent in western Asia, soon to be followed by

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2112-645: The Conewago River to the Patapsco River ( Hanover, Pennsylvania to Baltimore, Maryland ). The latter trail was laid out in 1737 as the first public road in what is now Carroll County by Robert Owings. The first land grant in the area, a tract of 150 acres (0.61 km ) known as "Steven's Hope", was given to Samuel Stevens, and was laid at the intersection of present-day Lineboro Road. The first European settlers were English but later immigration brought people of German descent. There were many early land grants;

2178-624: The Neolithic Revolution and first began around 12,000 years ago, near the beginning of the geological epoch of the Holocene around 12,000 years ago. It was the world's first historically verifiable revolution in agriculture. Farming spread from the Middle East to Europe and by 4,000 BC people that lived in the central part of Europe were using oxen to pull plows and wagons. Subsequent step-changes in human farming practices were provoked by

2244-595: The United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 2.35 square miles (6.09 km ), of which 2.34 square miles (6.06 km ) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km ) is water. Manchester is located on the Piedmont Plateau , west of the coastal lowlands of the Chesapeake Bay , in an area of rolling upland. Manchester's environs are the highest point in the state of Maryland east of

2310-577: The bio-economy , in which case it is also called bio-business or bio-enterprise. The primary goal of agribusiness is to maximize profit while satisfying the needs of consumers for products related to natural resources such as biotechnology , farms, food , forestry , fisheries , fuel , and fiber . Studies of business growth and performance in farming have found successful agricultural businesses are cost-efficient internally and operate in favorable economic, political, and physical-organic environments. They are able to expand and make profits, improve

2376-612: The hoe , through ox- or horse-drawn equipment such as the plough and harrow , to the modern highly technical machinery such as the tractor , baler and combine harvester replacing what was a highly labour-intensive occupation before the Industrial Revolution . Today much of the farm equipment used on both small and large farms is automated (e.g. using satellite guided farming). As new types of high-tech farm equipment have become inaccessible to farmers that historically fixed their own equipment, Wired magazine reports there

2442-532: The "farmstead". Enterprises where livestock are raised on rangeland are called ranches . Where livestock are raised in confinement on feed produced elsewhere, the term feedlot is usually used. In the US, in 1910 there were 6,406,000 farms and 10,174,000 family workers; In 2000 there were only 2,172,000 farms and 2,062,300 family workers. The share of U.S. farms operated by women has risen steadily over recent decades, from 5 percent in 1978 to 14 percent by 2007. In

2508-448: The 20th century, the primary languages spoken by the residents was German, or Pennsylvania Dutch . The custom of the German residents of making noodles and stringing them on lines outside their homes would give the town the nickname "Noodle Doosey". Later, Manchester would receive another nickname when the German custom of making ginger cakes brought on "Gingercake Town". Manchester was also

2574-509: The Environment (MDE) has identified water quality violations for Double Pipe Creek and tributaries, specifically for sediment , nutrients ( nitrogen and phosphorus ), and bacteria . The principal sources of bacteria appear to be failing septic tanks from residences and/or businesses, pet waste and waste from farm animals ( livestock ). The pollution sources for sediment include agricultural runoff and urban runoff . (Although agriculture

2640-556: The Monocacy, which drains to the Potomac River . The watershed area of Double Pipe Creek is 192.6 square miles (499 km). Tributaries include Bear Branch, Big Pipe Creek, Little Pipe Creek, Meadow Branch and Sam's Creek. Double Pipe Creek, the portion of Little Pipe Creek west of Union Bridge, and the western section of Sam's Creek form part of the legal boundary between Frederick County and Carroll County. The Maryland Department of

2706-554: The United States, there are over three million migrant and seasonal farmworkers; 72% are foreign-born, 78% are male, they have an average age of 36 and average education of 8 years. Farmworkers make an average hourly rate of $ 9–10 per hour, compared to an average of over $ 18 per hour for nonfarm labor. Their average family income is under $ 20,000 and 23% live in families with incomes below the federal poverty level. One-half of all farmworker families earn less than $ 10,000 per year, which

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2772-426: The age of 18 living with them, 64.2% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 22.2% were non-families. 18.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.26. The median age in

2838-667: The best producing ones include Holstein , Norwegian Red , Kostroma , Brown Swiss , and more. In most Western countries, a centralized dairy facility processes milk and dairy products, such as cream , butter , and cheese . In the United States, these dairies are usually local companies, while in the southern hemisphere facilities may be run by very large nationwide or trans-national corporations (such as Fonterra ). Dairy farms generally sell male calves for veal meat, as dairy breeds are not normally satisfactory for commercial beef production. Many dairy farms also grow their own feed, typically including maize, alfalfa , and hay. This

2904-406: The cultivation of crops. Modern units tend to specialize in the crops or livestock best suited to the region, with their finished products being sold for the retail market or for further processing, with farm products being traded around the world. A farm may be owned and operated by a single individual, family, community, corporation or a company, may produce one or many types of produce, and can be

2970-468: The electricity industry . As the result, residents of Manchester may choose from eleven electricity suppliers in the Baltimore Gas & Electric service area. Cable television is provided to residents by Comcast inside Carroll County. Comcast began operations in the county after purchasing the now defunct Adelphia Communications Corporation on July 31, 2006. Water is provided to town residents by

3036-467: The federal level Manchester is located in the 1st Congressional District of Maryland and is represented by Andy Harris (R) in the United States House of Representatives . Manchester hosts three public schools . Two of which are primary schools and the other is a secondary school. Manchester Elementary School was originally built in 1932 as Manchester High School. The school's current population

3102-520: The first one touching the present confines of town was made in 1758, issued to "German Churche". In 1765 Captain Richard Richards was granted a tract of 67 acres (0.27 km ) of land which was named "New Market", adjoining the existing land grant of "German Churche". Richards laid out the town of Manchester, naming it after his home town in England . From the 18th century until the earliest parts of

3168-409: The holiday. Once a year, a female member of the Manchester community is chosen as "Miss Manchester Fire Queen". Manchester has three major parks, totaling 82 acres (0.33 km ) of developed and undeveloped land. Manchester has the most park area of any town in Carroll County. Manchester has a democratically elected mayor and town council . The mayor and individual councilors are elected for

3234-410: The likeness of a leaf-less tree in the background with the text "Founded 1765 Incorporated 1834". The image of the tree is a representation of a White Oak and is considered the town symbol. The "Lutheran White Oak", as it has come to be known, is estimated at 320 years old. The large oak became a fixture of the town when, in 1758, King George III granted a charter to German colonists to erect

3300-517: The local market. The word in the sense of an agricultural land-holding derives from the verb "to farm" a revenue source, whether taxes, customs, rents of a group of manors or simply to hold an individual manor by the feudal land tenure of "fee farm". The word is from the medieval Latin noun firma , also the source of the French word ferme , meaning a fixed agreement, contract, from the classical Latin adjective firmus meaning strong, stout, firm. As in

3366-400: The medieval age virtually all manors were engaged in the business of agriculture, which was their principal revenue source, so to hold a manor by the tenure of "fee farm" became synonymous with the practice of agriculture itself. Farming has been innovated at multiple different points and places in human history. The transition from hunter-gatherer to settled, agricultural societies is called

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3432-451: The production of natural fiber , biofuel , and other commodities . It includes ranches, feedlots , orchards, plantations and estates, smallholdings, and hobby farms, and includes the farmhouse and agricultural buildings as well as the land. In modern times, the term has been extended so as to include such industrial operations as wind farms and fish farms , both of which can operate on land or at sea. There are about 570 million farms in

3498-402: The productivity of land , labor , and capital , and keep their costs down to ensure market price competitiveness. Agribusiness is not limited to farming. It encompasses a broader spectrum through the agribusiness system which includes input supplies, value-addition , marketing , entrepreneurship , microfinancing , and agricultural extension . The land and buildings of a farm are called

3564-411: The same ownership, may be called an estate. Conversely, a small farm surrounding the owner's dwelling is called a smallholding and is generally focused on self-sufficiency with only the surplus being sold. In Europe, traditional family farms are giving way to larger production units where industrial agriculture and mechanization brings large crop yields. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)

3630-542: The school was greatly hampered by the death of Dr. Dieffenbach and the low number of young men returning from the front lines. The school changed its name to Irving Institute in 1886 and finally ceased operation by 1893. During the American Civil War , Manchester was used as a camping area for the Union Sixth Army Corps under General John Sedgwick on July 1, 1863. The next day, the army made its march to

3696-423: The specialization they are being used for, such as a dairy rather than a dairy farm, a piggery, a market garden, etc. This also applies to feedlots, which are specifically developed to a single purpose and are often not able to be used for more general purpose (mixed) farming practices. In remote areas farms can become quite large. As with estates in England, there is no defined size or method of operation at which

3762-404: The town limits, but there are many small businesses . Manchester is mostly residential buildings, with some restaurants, a bank and other small retail storefronts. A large portion of the businesses are located on or around Main Street which Maryland Route 30 becomes once entering "downtown" Manchester. The median income for a household in the town was $ 57,390, and the median income for a family

3828-595: The town on Victory St. Members of the town council are Todd A. Benner (2013), Douglas Myers (2013), Daniel C. Riley (2013), Tammy Black (2015), and Vincent C. Pacelli. Manchester is in Maryland District 5A and is represented in the Maryland House of Delegates by Susan Krebs ( R ), Haven Shoemaker (R) and April Rose (R). In the Maryland State Senate residents are represented by Justin D. Ready (R). At

3894-446: The town was 37.3 years. 27.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.6% were from 25 to 44; 26.7% were from 45 to 64; and 10.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.8% male and 51.2% female. Manchester is located at 39°39′42″N 76°53′17″W  /  39.66167°N 76.88806°W  / 39.66167; -76.88806 (39.661762, -76.888014). According to

3960-562: The town's Public Works Department. A video depicting some of the main streets in Manchester Farm A farm (also called an agricultural holding ) is an area of land that is devoted primarily to agricultural processes with the primary objective of producing food and other crops; it is the basic facility in food production. The name is used for specialized units such as arable farms , vegetable farms, fruit farms, dairy, pig and poultry farms, and land used for

4026-449: The word "farm" may be used to describe wind power generation or puppy farm . Farms have special buildings. Some buildings, such as barns , may hold animals. There may be separate buildings for chickens and pigs. On dairy farms, a milking parlor is an important building. It is where dairy cows are milked. The milk is kept in a milking parlor until a milk tanker comes to get it. There are also special buildings for keeping grain . A silo

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4092-446: The world, most of which are small and family-operated. Small farms with a land area of fewer than 2 hectares operate on about 12% of the world's agricultural land, and family farms comprise about 75% of the world's agricultural land. Modern farms in developed countries are highly mechanized. In the United States, livestock may be raised on rangeland and finished in feedlots , and the mechanization of crop production has brought about

4158-418: Was $ 62,679. Males had a median income of $ 37,794 versus $ 29,118 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 20,956. About 0.9% of families and 2.1% of the population were below the poverty line , including 2.1% of those under age 18 and 4.7% of those age 65 or over. As of the census of 2010, there were 4,808 people, 1,632 households, and 1,269 families residing in the town. The population density

4224-443: Was 2,054.7 inhabitants per square mile (793.3/km ). There were 1,713 housing units at an average density of 732.1 per square mile (282.7/km ). The racial makeup of the town was 92.0% White , 3.3% African American , 1.6% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 1.6% from other races , and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.5% of the population. There were 1,632 households, of which 44.1% had children under

4290-422: Was built on relatively easy paths to individual farm ownership. However, the gradual modernization and mechanization of farming, which greatly increases both the efficiency and capital requirements of farming, has led to increasingly large farms. This has usually been accompanied by the decoupling of political power from farm ownership. In some societies (especially socialist and communist ), collective farming

4356-416: Was shut down in 2016. Manchester has three state designated highways within the town limits. Traffic congestion is high, southbound, in the morning as commuters make their way to the greater Baltimore area. Traffic is also high in the evening as commuters make their way north to Pennsylvania via Pennsylvania Route 94 and southwest to Westminster via Maryland Route 27 . There are plans to introduce

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