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25-560: Originating as the church of the Abbey of St. Benignus , it became the seat of the Diocese of Dijon during the French Revolution , replacing the previous cathedral when it was secularised, and has been the seat of the succeeding Archbishopric of Dijon since the elevation of the diocese in 2002. The first church here was a basilica built over the supposed sarcophagus of Saint Benignus, which

50-656: The Legislative Assembly , under the Civil Constitution of the Clergy (1790). Its territory was subsumed into the new diocese, called 'Côte-d'Or ', which was part of the Metropolitanate called the 'Metropole de l'Est' (which included eight new 'départements'). The Civil Constitution mandated that bishops be elected by the citizens of each 'département', which immediately raised the most severe canonical questions, since

75-604: The 19th century and has since been reworked as a crypt. Diocese of Dijon The Archdiocese of Dijon ( Latin : Archidioecesis Divionensis ; French : Archidiocèse de Dijon ) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in France . The archepiscopal see is Dijon Cathedral , which is located in the city of Dijon . The diocese comprises the entire department of Côte-d'Or , in the Region of Bourgogne . Originally established as

100-579: The Diocese of Dijon in 1731, and suffragan to the Archdiocese of Lyon , the diocese was elevated to the rank of archdiocese in 2002. The most significant jurisdiction change occurred after the Concordat of 1801 , when the diocese annexed the department of Haute-Marne . In 1821, a papal bull re-established the Diocese of Langres . Since 2022 the archbishop has been Antoine Hérouard  [ fr ] . Between

125-405: The abbey, grown decadent, as a Cluniac house. In 990 William of Volpiano was appointed the new abbot. By 1002, the ruin of the previous building had been razed and construction began on a new Romanesque structure designed by William, consisting of a subterranean church round the sarcophagus of Benignus, a ground floor church for worship, and a rotunda , 17 metres in diameter, on three levels in

150-483: The aforesaid traditions are based, are apocryphal and copied from Cappadocian legends. Animated polemics arose among the scholars of France on the apostolate of St. Benignus. Under the Merovingians and Carolingians, most of the bishops of Langres resided at Dijon, e.g. St. Urbanus (5th century), St. Gregory, and St. Tetricus (6th century), who were buried there. When, in 1016, Lambert, Bishop of Langres , ceded

175-462: The cathedral of Dijon early in the 19th century. From the 1730s the Chapter was composed of six dignities and twelve Canons. The city of Dijon had some 30,000 inhabitants, and was divided into seven parishes. There were two colleges for the education of the young, along with eight houses of male religious, and eight monasteries of men. The diocese of Dijon was abolished during the French Revolution by

200-558: The close of the 14th and beginning of the 15th century, Burgundian art flourished in a surprising degree. The Chartreuse de Champmol , on which Philip the Bold had Claus Sluter , the sculptor, at work from 1389 to 1406, and which was the acme of artistic excellence, was almost totally destroyed during the Revolution; however, two superb traces of it may still be seen, namely the Puits des prophètes and

225-627: The electors did not need to be Catholics and the approval of the Pope was not only not required, but actually forbidden. Erection of new dioceses and transfer of bishops, moreover, was not canonically within the competence of civil authorities or of the Church in France. The result was schism between the 'Constitutional Church' and the Catholic Church. The legitimate bishop of Dijon, René de Mérinville, refused to take

250-624: The famous persons of Dijon the Seneschal Philippe Pot (1428–94) is remembered for his exploits against the Turks in 1452 and his deliverance from his captors. Bossuet was a native of Dijon. Hubert Languet , the Protestant publicist (1518–81), was born at Vitteaux . 47°19′08″N 5°02′28″E  /  47.3188°N 5.0412°E  / 47.3188; 5.0412 Gregory of Tours Too Many Requests If you report this error to

275-460: The meantime the persecution of Marcus Aurelius broke out, and St. Benignus and his companions were put to death. The doubts first raised by Boulliau and Tillemont in the 17th century concerning the authenticity of these acts seem justified by the conclusions of G. Van Hooff and Louis Duchesne , according to which the Acts of St. Benignus and the martyrdom of the three brothers of Langres, on which

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300-454: The oath, and therefore the episcopal see was declared vacant. He was in fact one of the thirty bishops who subscribed to the Exposition des principes, sur la Constitution civile du Clergé (30 October 1790). He emigrated to Germany and took up residence at Karlsruhe. On 15 February 1791 the electors of 'Côte-d'Or' were assembled, and elected the former Jesuit Jean-Baptise Volfius, whose brother

325-461: The place of the apse, linking the two. Dedicated in October 1016 by Lambert I , this suite of buildings was decorated in the ornate Cluniac style, of which only a few traces survive. In 1137 a fire destroyed most of the town of Dijon and damaged the monastery and its church. The repaired building was consecrated by Pope Eugene III in 1147. In 1272 the crossing tower collapsed, destroying the whole of

350-541: The portal of the church. The Beaune hospital (1443) is a fine specimen of the Gothic style, and the church of Saint-Michel in Dijon (1497) has 16th- and 17th-century porches covered with fantastic bas-reliefs. The Abbeys of Cîteaux, Fontenay, and Flavigny (where in the 19th century Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire installed a Dominican novitiate) were all within the territory of Dijon. The following saints are specially honoured: Among

375-465: The seigniory and county of Dijon to King Robert of France , the Bishops of Langres made Langres their place of residence. In 1731, Pope Clement XII made Dijon a diocese. When formed, it was composed of 164 parishes divided among seven regional deaneries. 155 of these parishes had been part of the Diocese of Langres, and 19 others had come from the Diocese of Besançon. The seven deaneries were supervised by

400-466: The two archdeacons. The Abbey of Saint-Etienne of Dijon (5th century) long had a Chapter of Canons Regular who observed the Rule of St. Augustine ; the Chapter was altered to one of secular canons by Pope Paul V in 1611, and Pope Clement XI made its church the cathedral of Dijon; during the Revolution the cathedral was transformed into a forage storehouse. The former abbatial church of Saint-Bénigne became

425-434: The upper church and severely damaging the subterranean one, and smashing some of the supporting columns of the rotunda. Then the abbot, Hugh of Arc, of a powerful Burgundian family, was able, thanks to his contacts, to mobilise enough support to begin the construction of a new Gothic abbey church in 1281. Progress was at first rapid, and at Hugh's death in 1300 the building was close to completion. Progress slowed, however, and

450-403: The work was not finished until 1325. The new church, unlike its Cluniac predecessor, is noted for its plainness and severity. The abbey was secularised during the French Revolution , but the church was made, firstly, a parish church, and then in 1792 the cathedral of the Diocese of Dijon. The rotunda was however destroyed at that time; all that remains is the lowest storey, which was excavated in

475-409: The years 506 and 540, it was revealed to Gregory, Bishop of Langres , an ancestor of Gregory of Tours , that a tomb which the piety of the peasants led them to visit contained the remains of St. Benignus . He had a large basilica erected over it, and soon travellers from Italy brought him the acts of this saint's martyrdom. These acts are part of a collection of documents according to which Burgundy

500-653: Was a member of the Constituent Assembly, as their president; they then proceeded to elect him as their bishop. Volfius travelled to Paris for his consecration, which was carried out on 13 March by Jean-Baptiste Gobel, the Bishop of Lydda in partibus , who had just been installed as Constitutional Bishop of Paris. Volfius, and all the Constitutional Bishops, were required to resign in May 1801 by First Consul Bonaparte, who

525-473: Was evangelized in the 2nd century by St. Benignus, an Asiatic priest and the disciple of St. Polycarp , assisted by two ecclesiastics, Andochius and Thyrsus. The good work is said to have prospered at Autun , where it received valuable support from the youthful Symphorianus ; at Saulieu where Andochius and Thyrsus had established themselves; at Langres where the three brothers, Speusippus, Eleusippus , and Meleusippus , were baptized, and finally at Dijon. In

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550-486: Was negotiating with Pope Pius VII the Concordat of 1801 (15 July 1801). Once the Concordat went into effect, Pius VII was able to issue the appropriate bulls to restore many of the dioceses and to regulate their boundaries, most of which corresponded closely to the new 'départements'. The Bull Qui Christi Domini created the Diocese of Dijon out of the two 'départements' of Côte-d'Or and Haute-Marne. The diocese of Langres

575-438: Was placed in a crypt constructed for it by Saint Gregory of Langres in 511; the basilica over the crypt was completed in 535. From the early 9th century St. Bénigne was the personal monastery of the bishops of Langres. In 869 Isaac, Bishop of Langres, re-founded it as a Benedictine abbey, and restored the basilica at the same time. In 989 Bruno, Bishop of Langres, requested Mayeul , Abbot of Cluny , to send monks to re-settle

600-557: Was reestablished in principle in 1817, but difficulties between the King and the Pope postponed the implementation of Langres until 1823. Pope Pius X 's request in 1904 for the resignation of Albert-Léon-Marie Le Nordez , Bishop of Dijon since 1899, was one of the incidents which led to the Law of Separation of 1905 and the rupture of relations between France and the Holy See. Romanesque architecture

625-576: Was very popular in Burgundy; its masterpiece is the Cathedral of Saint-Bénigne of Dijon , consecrated by Paschal II in 1106 and completed in 1288. The Gothic style, although less used, characterizes the churches of Notre-Dame de Dijon (1252–1334), Notre-Dame de Semur, and l'Abbaye Saint-Seine; it was also the style of the Sainte-Chapelle of Dijon, which is no longer in existence. Under the dukes of Burgundy, at

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