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18-469: Digital Commons is a hosted institutional repository and publishing platform. Digital Commons supports OAI-PMH version 2.0. Metadata is exposed through the OAI . Content published to Digital Commons institutional repositories is optimized for indexing by Google , Google Scholar , and other major search engines. Digital Commons supports a variety of publication and editorial workflows, as well as peer review. Content

36-616: A Planning Task Force to establish working groups to consider the key technical, financial, and organizational issues to forming a national digital library, resulting in three areas of focus in which DLF could play a role in building a digital library infrastructure: discovery and retrieval, rights and economic models, and archiving. A report was issued to IBM on June 1, 1996. Many of the DLF's early efforts formed around defining and elaborating technical architectures for digital libraries. This work focused on interoperability and metadata standards, and work

54-517: A mechanism for data providers to expose their metadata. This protocol mandates that individual archives map their metadata to the Dublin Core , a common metadata set for this purpose. OAI standards allow a common way to provide content, and part of those standards is that the content has metadata that describes the items in Dublin Core format. Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE) defines standards for

72-530: A number of digital library practitioners from the member institutions and elsewhere. The forums serve as meeting places, market places, and congresses. As meeting places they provide an opportunity for the DLF Board, advisory groups, initiatives to conduct their business and to present their work to the broader membership. As market places, they provide an opportunity for member organizations to share experiences and practices with one another and in this respect support

90-484: A technological framework and interoperability standards for enhancing access to eprint archives, which make scholarly communications like academic journals available, associated with the open access publishing movement. The relevant technology and standards are applicable beyond scholarly publishing. The OAI technical infrastructure, specified in the Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) version 2.0, defines

108-536: Is uploaded through batch uploads or via a customizable submit form. It can also link to documents hosted on an external website. Digital Commons provides user notification tools and options for social sharing. These include RSS feeds and automatic email notification for reports of newly published content, mailing list manager to announce newly published research and social sharing buttons. Digital Commons also provides individual readership statistics to users through its Author Dashboard. In 2002, bepress , then known as

126-592: The Berkeley Electronic Press , partnered with the California Digital Library to create the eScholarship Repository This entailed "hiding" some of the more sophisticated features of the existing journal publishing system, while adding features such as compliance with the OAI-PMH harvesting protocol. In June 2004, bepress officially launched its Digital Commons institutional repository software at

144-652: The Coalition for Networked Information (CNI), Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC), the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) research library, and Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) are also members. The program is staffed by employees of the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR). The DLF program is governed by the CLIR board and a DLF advisory committee drawn from member institutions. Most of

162-481: The Commission on Preservation and Access (CPA). The purpose of the organization was to create a distributed, open, digital library. In September 1995, CPA received a nine-month planning grant from IBM for $ 100,000 on behalf of DLF to support the preparation of a technological and policy proposal with specific guidelines for creating and maintaining a national digital library. Over the next nine months, DLF convened

180-506: The Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) that brings together a consortium of college and university libraries , public libraries, museums, and related institutions with the stated mission of "advanc[ing] research, learning, social justice, and the public good through digital library technologies." It was formed in 1995. DLF's mission is to enable new research and scholarship of its members, students, scholars, lifelong learners, and

198-530: The American Library Association annual conference. From 2004 to July 2007, Digital Commons was licensed exclusively by ProQuest Information and Learning . As of July 2007, bepress resumed licensing Digital Commons directly to subscribers. In August 2017, it was announced that Elsevier had acquired bepress , drawing criticism from customers and the wider library community. Open Archives Initiative The Open Archives Initiative ( OAI )

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216-507: The description and exchange of aggregations of web resources . Funding for the initiative came from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation , Coalition for Networked Information (CNI), Digital Library Federation (DLF), National Science Foundation (NSF), the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation , and other organizations. Digital Library Federation The Digital Library Federation ( DLF ) is a program of

234-649: The early interest in interoperability moved form a focus on the Z39.50 protocol to work on Open Access Initiatives and OAI-PMH . DLF began under the wing of the Council on Library and Information Resources, but spun off into its own group after a few years. It was absorbed back into CLIR in 2010. DLF has 190 members as of spring 2019. Members include larger research institutions in North America, small liberal arts colleges and their libraries, public libraries, museums, and cultural heritage organizations, but organizations such as

252-514: The general public by developing an international network of digital libraries . DLF relies on collaboration, the expertise of its members, and a nimble, flexible, organizational structure to fulfill its mission. To achieve this mission, DLF: The Digital Library Federation was formed on May 1, 1995, by twelve academic libraries, the New York Public Library , U.S. Library of Congress , U.S. National Archives and Records Administration , and

270-415: The group worked towards building a "low-barrier interoperability framework" for archives ( institutional repositories ) containing digital content ( digital libraries ) to allow people (service providers) harvest metadata (from data providers). Such sets of metadata are since then harvested to provide "value-added services", often by combining different data sets. OAI has been involved in developing

288-434: The group's activities are conducted by fellows and staff from member institutions who volunteer to coordinate a particular project or plan forum activities. DLF initiatives change with needs; as some projects come to fruition or find new support, the DLF invests in others, staying flexible as a catalyst for experiment and change. For example, the DLF has promoted work on the following: Forums are convened annually and include

306-459: Was an informal organization, in the circle around the colleagues Herbert Van de Sompel , Carl Lagoze, Michael L. Nelson and Simeon Warner, to develop and apply technical interoperability standards for archives to share catalogue information (metadata). The group got together in the late late 1990s and was active for around twenty years. OAI coordinated in particular three specification activities: OAI-PMH, OAI-ORE and ResourceSync. All along

324-428: Was conducted intensively by the relatively small cadre of persons from the first institutions, most on a core "technical architecture committee" in DLF. For example, an early initiative led by one member of the committee, Bernie Hurley, was the articulation of an SGML DTD for encoding information about digital objects. That work, MOA2, ultimately evolved into METS . Similarly, in the area of interoperability, much of

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