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17-743: It lies in the High Tauern National Park and is surrounded by the peaks of the Defereggen range , the Rieserferner Group , the Lasörling Group and the Schober Group . The Schwarzach river flows through the valley. There are three municipalities in the valley: Hopfgarten in Defereggen , St. Veit in Defereggen and St. Jakob in Defereggen . The Defereggen Valley has been settled since

34-573: Is protected within the Hohe Tauern National Park , and counts as one of the most unspoiled mountain valleys of the Alps. It is ca. 60 km long, and thus one of the longest as well as least populated valleys of the Austrian Alps. High Tauern National Park The High Tauern ( pl. ; German : Hohe Tauern , Italian : Alti Tauri ) are a mountain range on the main chain of

51-725: The Central Eastern Alps , comprising the highest peaks east of the Brenner Pass . The crest forms the southern border of the Austrian states of Salzburg , Carinthia and East Tyrol , with a small part in the southwest belongs to the Italian province of South Tyrol . The range includes Austria's highest mountain, the Grossglockner at 3,798 metres (12,461 ft) above the Adriatic . In

68-679: The IUCN II category comprises the Pasterze and numerous further glaciers , the Krimml Waterfalls , several glacial valleys and alluvial fans , as well as extended tundra areas and forests. Among the flora of the Alps , especially Swiss Pines grow along the tree line ; above subshrub , mainly alpenrose but also the endemic Saxifraga rudolphiana , up to nival level at about 2,800 m (9,200 ft). The fauna includes chamois , Alpine ibex and red deer , as well as griffon vulture and

85-510: The IUCN standard. The first national park, Hohe Tauern , was established in 1981. They include each of Austria's most important natural landscape types — alluvial forest , Alpine massif , Pannonian steppe and rocky valleys . First plans for the protection of the Hohe Tauern mountain range were evolved by Austrian Alpine Club , which in 1915-18 acquired large mountainous areas. However,

102-667: The Katschberg Pass (1,641 metres (5,384 ft)) on B 99 Katschberg Straße highway parallel to the Katschberg Tunnel links Sankt Michael and Rennweg. Another road crosses the Staller Sattel between Sankt Jakob in Defereggen and Rasen-Antholz at 2,052 metres (6,732 ft). Beside there are numerous bridle and footpaths, in part used since ancient times: National parks of Austria Austria has six national parks , all of them internationally accepted according to

119-787: The Southern Limestone Alps ), and the Birnlücke Pass to the west (separating it from the Zillertal Alps ). Its most important subgroups along the Alpine crest are (from West to East): The eastern end of the High Tauern is formed by the Hafner massif of the Ankogel Group, which includes the easternmost three-thousander peaks in the Alpine chain. Further parts of the High Tauern south of

136-562: The federal states and the Federal Government , with the financing shared equally between the Austrian government and the respective province. The national park administrations offer more than 300 green jobs . The park centres provide the public with educational services on ecology and environmental protection , information and leisure activities. With about 400,000 visitors a year, they play an important role in Austrian tourism . Of

153-535: The golden eagle . The formerly extinct bearded vulture and the Alpine marmot have been successfully reintroduced. The park was established according to a 1971 declaration signed by the participating states at Heiligenblut , it nevertheless took until 1981, when the first parts around Großglockner and Hochschober in Carinthia were put under protection. The adjacel finally joined in 1992. Touriut has become less harmful to

170-731: The 7th century by settlers who entered it over the Staller Saddle and the Klammljoch , both crossings into the present day South Tyrol . Even today the South Tyrolese have grazing rights in the upper Defereggen Valley. The main village of St. Jakob im Defereggental is the oldest settlement in East Tyrol. On the other side of the Staller Saddle is the Antholz valley. In the 17th century about half

187-828: The east, the range is adjoined by the Lower Tauern . For the etymology of the name, see Tauern . According to the Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps , the range is bounded by the Salzach valley to the north (separating it from the Kitzbühel Alps ), the Mur valley and the Murtörl Pass to the east (separating it from the Lower Tauern ), the Drava valley to the south (separating it from

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204-510: The environment. A particular emphasis is pution and the maintenance of traditional ways of life in the Alps. The main peaks of the High Tauern are: The High Tauern are crossed by three tunnels: The best-known mountain pass road of the High Tauern is the scenic Grossglockner High Alpine Road inaugurated in 1935, including a tunnel at an elevation of 2,505 metres (8,219 ft) under the Hochtor Pass (2,573 metres (8,442 ft)). East of it,

221-479: The largest nature reserve in the Alps. It is divided into a core zone of 1,198 square kilometres (463 sq mi) including the Grossglockner and Grossvenediger massifs, with complete prohibition of agricultural use, and a fringe zone of 638 square kilometres (246 sq mi) used for forestry and alpine-meadow farming. Five special nature sanctuaries are protected from any human disturbance. The park of

238-578: The main crest of the Alps are (from West to East): Along 100 kilometres (62 mi) of the main chain stretches the High Tauern National Park ( Nationalpark Hohe Tauern ), to which the Austrian Alpine Club as freeholder and the three states of Carinthia, Salzburg and Tyrol have contributed territory. With an area of about 1,834 square kilometres (708 sq mi), it is by far the largest of Austria's seven national parks as well as

255-550: The national park project was abandoned in the late 1930s and not resumed until 1971, when the federal states of Salzburg , Tyrol and Carinthia signed the Heiligenblut Agreement, followed by similar initiatives in Lower and Upper Austria . The establishment of each national park took several years; as conflicts of use and the question of funding had to be resolved. The parks are managed by contracts between one or more of

272-585: The population of the Defereggen Valley left the Roman Catholic church and became Protestants. After they refused the Archbishop of Salzburg’s direction to return, in 1684 they were forced to leave the valley. They had to leave their children behind and to sell their property. These emigrants settled mainly in the area of the present-day German states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg . The Defereggen Valley

289-660: The seven national parks, four are protecting Austrian Alpine regions and three are covering waters. The largest park by far is Hohe Tauern ; at 1,856 square kilometres (459,000 acres), it is also the largest national park in Central Europe . The Neusiedler See–Seewinkel and Thayatal national parks stretch across the border with Hungary and the Czech Republic respectively. All of Austria's national parks meet IUCN Category II standards. The Nock Mountains (formerly also one of Austria's National Parks) had been classified as

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