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70-433: Traditional Darumbal land is considered to encompass an estimated 4,000 square miles (10,000 km) around most of coastal Central Queensland , running from Arthur Point at Shoalwater Bay to Yeppoon , and taking in the mouth of Fitzroy River and Keppel Islands . From Keppel Bay they extended inland to Boomer Range, and Marlborough , Yaamba , Rockhampton , and Gracemere . With the arrival of European settlers in

140-510: A federal inquiry. In 2009 authorities from the Government of Queensland declared the eradication program complete. The region contain 33 national parks. Great Keppel Island has been an island tourist attraction since the 1960s. It and several other islands in the area are surrounded by coral reefs. In the west of the region is Queensland's central highlands and the Carnarvon Gorge , which

210-615: A lake 60 kilometres (37 mi) long. The barrage was funded by the Rockhampton City Council to provide a reliable source of water to the city, and to effectively drought proof Rockhampton. In 2002, a study showed that salinity was increasing in the Fitzroy Basin and, while only small areas of land were severely affected by salinity, urged that steps be taken to manage salinity by good irrigation practices and better management of tree clearing. In 1989, two bombs exploded inside

280-645: A referendum. Before the 2008 amalgamation, the City of Rockhampton had a population of approximately 74,530, Fitzroy Shire approximately 11,357, and Mount Morgan Shire approximately 2,925 people. Proposed boundary changes between Rockhampton Regional Council and Livingstone Shire Council are under review by the Local Government Change Commission. The changes relate to three suburbs contiguous with Rockhampton City which are presently part of Livingstone Shire. The proposed changes will affect 1170 properties in

350-460: A secessionist movement with the intentions of breaking away from the state of Queensland. The core argument of movement was that the seat of government, Brisbane was in the south-east corner of the State. It was so far removed from substantial portions of the state that these areas and their citizens were left disadvantaged and neglected as political and economic interests focused on the south. Supplementing

420-495: A year, gold was found at Canoona , and led to the first North Australian gold rush. The Canoona gold rush led to an influx of migrants that transformed Rockhampton into the second-largest port in the state; during this period, Rockhampton became infamous for crime and violence, and was described by the then visiting English novelist, Anthony Trollope as the "City of the Three S's"—"sin, sweat, and sorrow". Subsequent gold discoveries at

490-638: Is a city in the Rockhampton Region of Central Queensland , Australia. In the 2021 census , the population of Rockhampton was 79,293. A common nickname for Rockhampton is 'Rocky', and the demonym of Rockhampton is Rockhamptonite. The Scottish- Norwegian explorers Charles and William Archer came across the Toonooba River in 1853 and named it in-honour of Sir Charles FitzRoy ; they also named many local landmarks after figures in Norse mythology , including

560-570: Is an Australian Aboriginal language of Central Queensland. Its traditional language region was within the local government area of Isaac Region , from the headwaters of the Belyando River south to Avoca, north to Laglan , west to the Great Dividing Range , and east and south to Drummond Range . Yambina (also known as Jambina and Jambeena ) is an Australian Aboriginal language of Central Queensland. Its traditional language region

630-705: Is an imprecisely-defined geographical division of Queensland ( a state in Australia ) that centres on the eastern coast, around the Tropic of Capricorn . Its major regional centre is Rockhampton . The region extends from the Capricorn Coast west to the Central Highlands at Emerald , north to the Mackay Regional Council southern boundary, and south to Gladstone . The region is also known as Capricornia . It

700-574: Is exemplified by the Fitzroy River ; which has a lengthy, well documented history of flood records dating back to 1859. The highest recorded flood occurred in January 1918 and reached 10.11 m (33.2 ft). More recently, being affected by the 2010–2011 Queensland floods the Fitzroy River peaked at 9.2 metres on 5 January 2011. Rockhampton has a number of heritage-listed sites. For details see

770-718: Is extracted from the Bowen Basin and transported to port facilities at Port of Gladstone via the Blackwater railway system or to both Hay Point and Abbot Point via the Goonyella railway line . Coal mining is expanding west into the Galilee Basin and requires an extension of the Goonyella line to transport coal to port. Many mines in the region, particularly those within the Fitzroy River basin, were severely impacted by flooding during

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840-522: Is named after a Darumbal man famous for saving the life of politician King O'Malley in the late 19th century. The Rockhampton suburb of Nerimbera is named for a Darumbal word meaning 'where the mountains meet the river'. According to ethnologist Norman Tindale , the Darumbal comprised some 13 groups or band societies , though one of these was described as belonging to the Ningebal people. One extinct branch of

910-482: Is one of Australia's main coal exporting regions. At the 2011 Australian Census the region recorded a total population from the six local government areas of 233,931. Economically, Central Queensland is an important centre of primary sector industries , particularly for food and fibre production. Central Queensland includes the Bowen Basin which is rich in high quality coking coal, the Port of Gladstone produces 40% of

980-545: Is one of Australia's most significant 19th century streetscapes and is listed on the National Trust ; the quarter comprises three city blocks along Quay street, from Fitzroy to Derby street, and is known for its neoclassical architecture , dining and nightlife . Some of the historical sites and landmarks of the city include; St Aubins , Kenmore House , the Alexandra Railway Bridge , St Joseph's Cathedral and

1050-503: Is protected within the Carnarvon National Park . Carnarvon Gorge features white sandstone cliffs, steep-sided gorges a diverse range of significant plant and animal species and many walking tracks. Kroombit Tops National Park provides habitat for the endemic Kroombit tinker frog . Deepwater National Park is good place for turtle watching. From November to March three species of turtle lay their eggs on beaches protected within

1120-484: Is the local government area of Central Highlands Region , including Peak Downs , Logan Creek, south to Avon Downs, east to Denham Range and Logan Downs, west to Elgin Downs and at Solferino. Yetimarala (also known as Jetimarala , Yetimaralla , and Bayali ) is an Australian Aboriginal language of Central Queensland. Its traditional language region is within the local government areas of Central Highlands Region , on

1190-562: Is the only Australian university with a campus presence in every mainland state. The city is served by Rockhampton Airport , and Port Alma , located at the south end of the Fitzroy river delta. Rockhampton is renowned for its architecture, cuisine, and music; in particular for its jazz scene, and has been sometimes referred to as the " Melbourne of the North "; in reference to the city's tree-lined boulevards and laneways. The city's historic quarter

1260-610: The 2010–11 Queensland floods . Gold, silver, limestone, coal seam gas, magnesite and gemstones are also mined. Sapphires were discovered here in 1875. Gold was discovered in the Mount Morgan region around 1865. Mount Morgan Mine has since gone on to become one of Australia's richest mines. Purpose-built mining towns in Central Queensland include Dysart , Middlemount , Moranbah , Mount Morgan and Moura . Three mining disaster have occurred at Moura since 1975, resulting in

1330-594: The Berserker Range named after the Norse warrior " Baresark ". The Archer brothers took-up a run near Gracemere in 1855, and more settlers arrived soon thereafter, enticed by the fertile valleys. The town of Rockhampton was proclaimed in 1858, and surveyed to a design that closely resembled the Hoddle Grid of Melbourne , and consisted of a grid of wide boulevards and laneways, which was uncommon for Queensland cities. Within

1400-617: The Boomer Range and Broadsound Range and the Fitzroy River , Killarney Station, Mackenzie River and Isaac River . In 1889 Central Queenslanders in Rockhampton established the Central Queensland Territorial Separation League with the hopes of turning Central Queensland into its own state. The core argument of secessionist movement was that the seat of government, Brisbane was in the south-east corner of

1470-491: The Capricorn Coast include Byfield , Yeppoon , Great Keppel Island , Emu Park and Cawarral . Gungabula (also known as Kongabula and Khungabula ) is an Australian Aboriginal language of the headwaters of the Dawson River in Central Queensland. The language region includes areas within the local government area of Maranoa Region , particularly the towns of Charleville , Augathella and Blackall and as well as

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1540-863: The Carnarvon Range . Wadja (also known as Wadjigu , Wadya , Wadjainngo , Mandalgu , and Wadjigun) is an Australian Aboriginal language in Central Queensland. The language region includes the local government areas of the Aboriginal Shire of Woorabinda and Central Highlands Region , including the Blackdown Tablelands . the Comet River , and the Expedition Range , and the towns of Woorabinda , Springsure and Rolleston . Yagalingu (also known as Jagalingu , Auanbura , Kokleburra , Owanburra , Kowanburra , Wagalbara , and Djagalingu )

1610-643: The Dreamtime Cultural Centre . The Capricorn district is the traditional home of the Darumbal Aboriginal people . The Darumbal (Tarumbul, Tharoombool) language region includes the city of Rockhampton extending south towards Raglan Creek and north towards the Styx River and inland along the Broad Sound Ranges. The Gangulu (Kangulu, Kanolu, Kaangooloo, Khangulu) language region includes

1680-480: The Fitzroy River , approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) from where the river enters the Coral Sea , and some 600 kilometres (370 mi) north of the state capital, Brisbane . Rockhampton has a north and south side with three bridges connecting the two sides, one for trains and two for vehicles and people. Rockhampton lies just north of the Tropic of Capricorn in Central Queensland. A sculpture originally marking

1750-574: The List of heritage listed buildings in Rockhampton . Rockhampton is governed by the Rockhampton Regional Council . The Council consists of a mayor and seven councillors. The Mayor is elected by the public, and the Councillors are elected from seven single-member divisions using an optional preferential voting system. Elections are held every four years. Tony Williams is the current mayor after

1820-505: The Mount Morgan Mine , which was at that time one of the most-productive gold mines in the world, laid the foundations for much of the city's Victorian architecture , and recast Rockhampton into a grand northern city. The economy of Rockhampton has strengths in tourism, health, and agriculture, with a GRP of $ 5.7 billion as of 2023. The Central Queensland University founded in 1967, has its main campus at Norman Gardens , and

1890-509: The latitude was later moved into town to be more accessible to tourists. Although the Tropic of Capricorn is represented on maps as a "dotted line" that lies at 23 ° 26' 22", there is actually a bio-geographical overlap of Tropical and Temperate zones more than 500 kilometres (310 mi) wide; Rockhampton is roughly at its centre on the East Coast of Australia. The city is located on the banks of

1960-551: The 1880s and '90s, sea ports were established on the coast, adjacent to the mouth of the Fitzroy River. Broadmount was on the northern side and Port Alma on the south. Railways were subsequently constructed to carry goods to the wharves at these locations, with the railway to Broadmount opening on 1 January 1898 and the line to Port Alma opening on 16 October 1911. Maintenance on the Broadmount line ceased in August 1929. The following month,

2030-438: The 1890s, and many of the town's substantial brick and stone public buildings date from this period. The historic streetscape of Quay Street still displays a number of substantial historic buildings, built when Rockhampton was envisaged as being capital of a state of North Queensland. Most prominent of these is the sandstone Customs House (1900), which today houses an information centre. Other important 19th-century buildings include

2100-451: The 2021 mayoral by-election following the resignation of long time mayor Margaret Strelow. Margaret Strelow won the mayoral elections in 2013, 2016 and March 2020. Strelow had also served as Mayor of the former City of Rockhampton from 2000 to 2008. The present Rockhampton Regional Council area was formed as a result of the 2008 amalgamation of four local government areas. These were the original City of Rockhampton which comprised most of

2170-600: The Archer brothers constructed a wool shed just downstream of a bar of rocks that prevented further upstream navigation from the coast. These rocks were incorporated with the traditional English term for a village, and the name "Rockhampton" was first coined by Charles Archer and the local Commissioner from Crown Lands, William Wiseman. In 1855, Scottish colonists and brothers William Thomas Elliott and George Mackenzie Elliot arrived at Gracemere and soon after, took up landholdings at Canoona , north of present-day Yaamba . Their father

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2240-640: The Australian Café, the brothers renamed it the Busy Bee Café. During the Second World War, a US army base was established outside the city; it hosted up to 70,000 servicemen en route to action in the Pacific and New Guinea . On 2 March 1949, Rockhampton was severely damaged by a cyclone . The Fitzroy River Barrage was commissioned in 1971. The barrage has a capacity of 81,300 megalitres and holds back

2310-674: The Central Queensland Territorial Separation League, the women of Rockhampton established their own separation league in October 1892. The inaugural meeting of the Women's Central Queensland Territorial Separation League was held at the Rockhampton School of Arts and attended by 200 women. Their main focus was preparing a petition to Queen Victoria .  The introductory text set out their grievances and described

2380-656: The Darumbal Nation Native Title Claim, descendants of the following family groups are recognised: Kitty Mulway and Pompey of Stannage; Yorky – [Sunflower/Meredith] Kate Reid and James Hector – [Garret/Hector] Jack Naylor (Jnr); Brothers John McPherson and Harry Bauman – [Hatfield/McPherson/Naylor/Bauman (Bowman)] Clara Wallace – [Mann/Wallace/Williams/Hector/Edmunds] Clara McKenzie – [Rutherford/Hayden] Maggie (Mitchell); Mary Jones; Maria McKenzie; Mundabel – [Ross/Landers/Roma/Adams/Wylie/Fitzgerald] Central Queensland Central Queensland

2450-588: The Fitzroy River and its many tributaries and lagoons, the region continued to expand rapidly. In 1858, the town of Rockhampton was officially proclaimed. The town was surveyed at this time and the first sales of building allotments were held that year. In 1859, gold was discovered at Canoona. Miners rushed to the new field, using the site of Rockhampton on the Fitzroy River as the nearest navigable port. The Canoona field proved to be very disappointing and thousands of would-be gold seekers were left stranded at Rockhampton. Although many returned south, others stayed, adding to

2520-652: The Fitzroy River, approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the river mouth. The Berserker Range lies on the eastern side of the city, with the Athelstane Range to the west. The coastal area to the east of the city is known as the Capricorn Coast , with the rapidly growing town of Yeppoon its major centre. Rockhampton experiences a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen: Cfa) with hot, humid summers and very mild, relatively dry winters with cool nights. The city receives 116.3 days of clear skies annually, primarily in winter. The highest recorded temperature in Rockhampton

2590-525: The Kensington Estate, described as just three miles from "the most rapidly rising town and district in the whole of the colonies" was advertised for sale. During the 1860s and '70s, Rockhampton developed as the main port for the developing Central Queensland hinterland, the main export at that time being wool. A Primitive Methodist Church opened in Fitzroy Street, Rockhampton, in January 1864. In

2660-583: The Post Office (1892), the Supreme Court House (1888), and St Joseph's Cathedral (1892). In September 1892 the Anglican Church in Rockhampton was the first new building in Rockhampton to be lit by electricity from the new gasworks. It was also the first church in Australia to be lit with electricity. In 1889 the people of Rockhampton established the Central Queensland Territorial Separation League ,

2730-519: The Rockhampton metropolitan area, the Shire of Fitzroy comprising Gracemere and surrounding districts, and the Shire of Mount Morgan around the town of Mount Morgan itself. The fourth local government area was the Shire of Livingstone which comprised the adjacent coastal towns and hinterland to the east and north of Rockhampton as well as some outlying Rockhampton suburbs. However, Livingstone Shire de-amalgamated from Rockhampton Region in 2014 following

2800-566: The Rockhampton township began in July 1856, when Richard Palmer travelled from Gladstone with an escort of Native Police under sub-Lieutenant Walter Powell to set up a store. Powell arrived at the site first and constructed the Native Police barracks. This was the first habitable British building established at Rockhampton and it was located on the south bank of the Fitzroy River at the end of Albert Street. With abundant grazing lands and waters from

2870-683: The Shark Nightclub, causing injuries and extensive damage to the building. The following year, the Factory Nightclub was also damaged by a bomb. It is not known who planted the bombs. In 2003, Rockhampton was the centre of significant national media interest after local teenager Natasha Ryan was found in the North Rockhampton home of her boyfriend, Scott Black, after being missing for five years. Serial killer Leonard Fraser had been charged with her murder, as her disappearance occurred in

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2940-485: The State. It was so far removed from substantial portions of the state that these areas and their citizens were left disadvantaged and neglected as political and economic interests focused on the south. Supplementing the Central Queensland Territorial Separation League, the women of Rockhampton established their own separation league in October 1892. Their main focus was preparing a petition to Queen Victoria .  The introductory text set out their grievances and described

3010-457: The area in 1844 and 1846 and noted suitable land for grazing then. In January 1854, the New South Wales government proclaimed two new districts: Port Curtis and Leichhardt (roughly today's Fitzroy Region), and the Archer brothers returned in August 1855 to set up their pastoral run at Gracemere . The Fitzroy River provided a convenient waterway for shipping of supplies and produce, and

3080-446: The companies experience difficulty finding local workers to fill vacancies. One meat processing plant is located at Lakes Creek, operated by Teys Australia (a Cargill joint venture) while the JBS meatworks is located at Nerimbera. The Teys Australia meatworks at Lakes Creek was previously owned by Kerry Packer 's Consolidated Meat Group. CMG temporarily closed the facility in 2002. It

3150-586: The employees of the Elliots. William Thomas Elliot and his men opened fire at random upon the group which fled after a short time. William and an employee were wounded (the employee reportedly died) and about seven of the local inhabitants were killed. Fellow colonist, Charles Archer of Gracemere and a group of Native Police troopers later pursued these Aboriginal people toward the east and punished them further. Local Aboriginal people friendly to Archer were also fired upon, killing one. Permanent British settlement at

3220-527: The floor and pictures falling off walls. The 1918 earthquake remains as the largest to have ever hit Queensland since European settlement. Restaurant proprietors, Emanuel, William and Nicholas Economos, trading as the Economos Bros., ran their business in East Street, Rockhampton. East Street was a bustling metropolis when the brothers opened their traditional Greek café in the 1920s. Previously known as

3290-784: The group, the Warabal, may have dwelt around the foot of the Boomer Range. Darumbal native title claims and land use issues were lodged in the 21st century. In 2001, a claim was made to the National Native Title Tribunal , and in 2007, 137 ha (340 acres) at Mount Wheeler were handed over to the Darumbal people. Darumbal people have been granted limited access to the Shoalwater Bay Military Training Area. There have been several controversies regarding fisheries licensing and conservation. Native title of

3360-443: The immense size of Queensland: being twelve times the area of England and Wales, and larger than France, Germany, Spain and Portugal combined. Central Queensland University has a campus at Emerald, Gladstone and Rockhampton. The Central Highlands Regional Council operates the following library branches: [REDACTED] Media related to Central Queensland at Wikimedia Commons Rockhampton, Queensland Rockhampton

3430-501: The immense size of Queensland: being twelve times the area of England and Wales, and larger than France, Germany, Spain and Portugal combined. The State Library of Queensland holds the original petition, signed by over 3000 women who were in support of Central Queensland becoming a separate state. The petition was forwarded to Queen Victoria but was dismissed by the Premier of Queensland, Sir Samuel Walker Griffith. The City of Rockhampton

3500-617: The land was granted in 2016, and in May 2022 the Darumbal people were officially recognised as the traditional custodians of an expanse of ocean covering 36,606 km (14,134 sq mi) off the Central Queensland Coast, making it the largest Traditional Use of Marine Resources Agreement (TUMRA) on the Great Barrier Reef . The occasion was marked by a ceremony on the beach at Emu Park . Recognised Ancestral Groups Under

3570-500: The loss of 36 lives. In 2004, an orchard on Evergreen farm was the site of the first detection of citrus canker in Central Queensland. A significant part of the citrus growing industry was devastated when a total of 6,000 acres (24 km ) of crop had to be destroyed so the disease would not spread across the country. In 2005 several fresh outbreaks were reported so the eradication expanded to include private backyard trees. The outbreak's cause has not been fully explained despite

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3640-438: The national Beef Australia exposition to celebrate the cattle industry as well as to facilitate trade opportunities for Australian beef producers. Central Queensland is one of the world's leading producers and exporters of black coal . Ludwig Leichhardt was the first European to discover coal deposits in the region in 1845. In the 2011-2012 financial year the region produced 40% of the state's total coal production. Coal

3710-585: The nearby Central Park. The Rockhampton Botanic Gardens are one of the oldest public gardens in the country, being founded in 1869 and is also the location of the Rockhampton War Memorial , as well as the Rockhampton Zoo . Rockhampton has nationally prominent cultural institutions, including; the Rockhampton Museum of Art (RMOA), one of the most extensive regional galleries in Australia, and

3780-515: The new town's population. Conflict with Aboriginal people in the region continued and further massacres occurred. In 1859, John Arthur Macartney attempted to stock his cousin's Belmont property just to the north of Rockhampton when a shepherd was killed by local Aboriginal men. 2nd Lieutenant Frederick Carr of the Native Police together with his troopers, the Macartneys, Peter Fitzallan MacDonald and Henry Brisdon, formed an armed group which set out to track down those responsible. The group followed

3850-478: The only provincial city in Queensland to have a street tramway. Purrey steam trams ran on a number of routes throughout South Rockhampton, totalling 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) of track. The discomfort of passengers riding in steam trams in a tropical climate in part led to their demise in 1939, replaced by a bus network run by the City Council. Strong shaking was felt in Rockhampton when the "Great Queensland Earthquake of 1918" occurred on 7 June 1918. The earthquake

3920-434: The park. For this purpose the area of Central Queensland was restricted to the areas encircled by the Dawson Highway between Gladstone and Springsure; the Gregory Highway between Springsure and Clermont, and the Peak Downs Highway between Clermont and enters North Queensland via Mackay – extended right to the eastern coastline. Major cities in the region are Emerald , Gladstone and Rockhampton . Some communities on

3990-544: The period in which Fraser had abducted and murdered other women and girls. An anonymous tip-off during Fraser's trial led to the discovery of Ryan. Despite Ryan's discovery, Fraser's defence did not seek a mistrial and Fraser was convicted of the murders of other women and girls and was given an indefinite life sentence. On 20 February 2015, Rockhampton was severely damaged by Cyclone Marcia damaging hundreds of homes and businesses with wind speeds over 150 kilometres per hour (93 mph) recorded in Rockhampton. Major flooding

4060-451: The presence of natives in their area. After the massacre, they set fire to the corpses. Ethnologue classifies the Darumbal language as " extinct ". Technically, Bayali was quite distinct from Darumbal, sharing, according to Dixon's analysis, no more than 21% of its basic word stock with Darumbal. Gudamulli is a Darumbal greeting, meaning 'hello'. Some Darumbal words live on in place names in Central Queensland. The town of Coowonga

4130-558: The region, some Darumbal people were tolerated as part of fringe communities of the new settlements, but most were systematically killed to make way for pastoral development. According to some estimates, "between 1865 and 1902 the population of the Keppel Islands suffered a substantial reduction of 75 to 80 per cent". In one incident in July 1865, native troopers ambushed a Darumbal ceremonial gathering outside Rockhampton , near Samuel Birkbeck's Glenmore Station and shot dead 18 Aboriginal people, after nearby settlers expressed worries about

4200-449: The state's export earnings, the Fitzroy River is the second-largest river system in Australia and commands significant water resources such as Fairbairn Dam . Gladstone has a significant aluminium smelter. Rockhampton is claimed to be the beef capital of Australia, a title which is disputed by Casino in New South Wales. Beef production in the region is centred on Brigalow and speargrass land types. Every three years, Rockhampton holds

4270-484: The suburbs of Glenlee, Rockyview, and Glendale. The agricultural sector, specifically the cattle trade, is a dominant industry in Central Queensland. The latter has been visually represented around Rockhampton City with a set of seven large statues of bulls known as the ' Big Bulls '. Two large abattoirs are located on the south-eastern outskirts of Rockhampton provides employment for people living in Rockhampton and also for refugees from overseas who are recruited when

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4340-429: The towns of Clermont and Springsure extending south towards the Dawson River , and includes parts of Rockhampton and South Rockhampton. The British colonisation of the area began in 1853, when the Archer brothers , Charles and William, who were seeking grazing lands arrived in the Rockhampton area. They were acting on information from earlier expeditions by Ludwig Leichhardt and Thomas Mitchell , who had explored

4410-411: The tracks and "dispersed" them. One account of this incident describes how around hundred of the tribe were rounded up and "it ended in the usual way and the bulk of the wild mob were shot." By 1861, the town boasted a regular newspaper, banks, court house, and school of arts. Direct shipments of imported goods and migrants from the United Kingdom began to be received during the 1860s. In 1862, land in

4480-406: The wharf caught fire and the line was effectively closed in July 1930. The line to Port Alma closed on 15 October 1986. The significant gold deposit at Mount Morgan to the southwest was discovered in the 1880s, and Rockhampton became the main port through which the wealth of Mount Morgan gold was channelled. Due to the wealth of Mount Morgan, Rockhampton weathered the severe economic depression of

4550-415: Was 45.3 °C (113.5 °F), while the lowest was −1.0 °C (30.2 °F). Furthermore, the highest recorded 24-hour rainfall total was 348.0 millimetres (13.70 in) due to the January 2013 Eastern Australia floods . In summer, Rockhampton is subject to summer thunderstorms, and lying within the cyclone risk zone, it has experienced several large floods cyclones since European settlement. This

4620-439: Was James Elliot, 3rd Laird of Wolfelee House near Hawick in Scotland. One of their other brothers was Walter Elliot of the East India Company and secretary to the governor of the Madras Presidency . In January 1856, after a massacre of local Aboriginal people perpetrated by Lieutenant John Murray of the Native Police at nearby Nankin Creek, some 200 Aboriginal men, women and children came to Canoona and began shouting at

4690-777: Was experienced in the upper reaches of the Fitzroy River after more than 250mm were recorded. The cyclone left about 100,000 properties across Central Queensland without power. According to the 2016 census , there were 76,985 people in Rockhampton. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 7.2% of the population. 82.8% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were New Zealand 1.4%, England 1.3%, Philippines 1.1%, India 0.6% and Vietnam 0.4%. 86.4% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Vietnamese 0.5%, Tagalog 0.5%, Portuguese 0.3%, Filipino 0.3% and Mandarin 0.3% The most common responses for religion were Catholic 26.5%, No Religion 22.6% and Anglican 17.1%. The town lies on

4760-399: Was felt from Mackay in the north, to Grafton in New South Wales, and west to Charleville . Estimated to have reached a 6.0 magnitude, the earthquake caused some damage to buildings including chimney stacks crumbling, plaster being dislodged from walls and ceilings, water tanks bursting and trees being uprooted. Houses and buildings experienced considerable swaying with crockery smashing on

4830-487: Was proclaimed in 1902. The rail connection south to Brisbane was completed in 1903, but it was not until 1921 that the northern connection to Mackay was finally completed. A railway west from Rockhampton was started in 1867 and by 1892 had reached the terminus at Longreach , 700 kilometres (430 mi) away. This further strengthened Rockhampton's role as the port for the whole of Central Queensland. A passenger tramway began operating on 16 June 1909, making Rockhampton

4900-504: Was reopened in 2004, when Consolidated Meat Group announced they had formed a joint venture with Teys Australia. In 2011, Cargill bought out CMG's share in the company. Due to drought, floods, general economic conditions and disputes with workers, both facilities have experienced a number of closures over the years including the closure of the Lakes Creek meatworks from 2002 until 2004, but they are both currently operating as normal. The Central Queensland Livestock Exchange at Gracemere

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