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129-567: The first version of the Masters of Evil debuted in The Avengers #6, created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby . The second version of the Masters of Evil debuted in The Avengers #54, created by Roy Thomas , John Buscema , and George Tuska . The third version of the Masters of Evil debuted in The Avengers #222, created by Jim Shooter , Steven Grant , and Greg LaRocque . The fourth version of

258-850: A computer —capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically. A robot can be guided by an external control device, or the control may be embedded within. Robots may be constructed to evoke human form , but most robots are task-performing machines, designed with an emphasis on stark functionality, rather than expressive aesthetics. Robots can be autonomous or semi-autonomous and range from humanoids such as Honda 's Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility ( ASIMO ) and TOSY 's TOSY Ping Pong Playing Robot ( TOPIO ) to industrial robots , medical operating robots , patient assist robots, dog therapy robots, collectively programmed swarm robots , UAV drones such as General Atomics MQ-1 Predator , and even microscopic nano robots . By mimicking

387-649: A robot's navigation and limbs regardless of the specific hardware involved. It also provides high-level commands for items like image recognition and even opening doors. When ROS boots up on a robot's computer, it would obtain data on attributes such as the length and movement of robots' limbs. It would relay this data to higher-level algorithms. Microsoft is also developing a "Windows for robots" system with its Robotics Developer Studio, which has been available since 2007. Japan hopes to have full-scale commercialization of service robots by 2025. Much technological research in Japan

516-532: A tricycle in 1904, considered the first case of an unmanned ground vehicle , and an electric boat with a crew in 1906, which was controlled at a distance over 2 km. Archibald Low , known as the "father of radio guidance systems" for his pioneering work on guided rockets and planes during the First World War . In 1917, he demonstrated a remote controlled aircraft to the Royal Flying Corps and in

645-451: A chemical substitute for protoplasm to manufacture living, simplified people called robots. The play does not focus in detail on the technology behind the creation of these living creatures, but in their appearance they prefigure modern ideas of androids , creatures who can be mistaken for humans. These mass-produced workers are depicted as efficient but emotionless, incapable of original thinking and indifferent to self-preservation. At issue

774-610: A comic book series featuring a team of superheroes called the Justice League . Impressed by that book's strong sales, Martin Goodman , the owner of Marvel Comics predecessor Timely Comics , asked Stan Lee to create a title featuring a similar team of superheroes for Marvel. Lee recounts in Origins of Marvel Comics : Martin mentioned that he had noticed one of the titles published by National Comics seemed to be selling better than most. It

903-525: A day, a day unlike any other, when Earth's mightiest heroes and heroines found themselves united against a common threat. On that day, the Avengers were born—to fight the foes no single super hero could withstand! Through the years, their roster has prospered, changing many times, their glory has never been denied! Heed the call, then—for now, the Avengers Assemble!" —Prologue from The Avengers used in

1032-540: A flute player, a pipe player and a duck. The mechanical duck could flap its wings, crane its neck, and swallow food from the exhibitor's hand, and it gave the illusion of digesting its food by excreting matter stored in a hidden compartment. About 30 years later in Switzerland the clockmaker Pierre Jaquet-Droz made several complex mechanical figures that could write and play music. Several of these devices still exist and work. Remotely operated vehicles were demonstrated in

1161-528: A household robot. Generally such predictions are overly optimistic in timescale. In 2008, Caterpillar Inc. developed a dump truck which can drive itself without any human operator. Many analysts believe that self-driving trucks may eventually revolutionize logistics. By 2014, Caterpillar had a self-driving dump truck which is expected to greatly change the process of mining. In 2015, these Caterpillar trucks were actively used in mining operations in Australia by

1290-452: A lifelike appearance or automating movements, a robot may convey a sense of intelligence or thought of its own. Autonomous things are expected to proliferate in the future, with home robotics and the autonomous car as some of the main drivers. The branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing

1419-577: A mechanized puppet . Different variations of the karakuri existed: the Butai karakuri , which were used in theatre, the Zashiki karakuri , which were small and used in homes, and the Dashi karakuri which were used in religious festivals, where the puppets were used to perform reenactments of traditional myths and legends . In France, between 1738 and 1739, Jacques de Vaucanson exhibited several life-sized automatons:

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1548-646: A more traditional lineup (10th incarnation) when he and his henchmen, the Wrecking Crew , run afoul of the Superior Spider-Man and his Superior Six while attacking Alchemax and attempting to steal its technology during a plot to blackmail New York City for money. Besides the Wrecking Crew, this roster includes the Absorbing Man , Titania , Mister Hyde , Whirlwind and the original Blackout . To combat

1677-461: A portal to meet with their teammates and get back to work, Mephisto and Iron Inquisitor talk about what to do with the Multiversal Masters of Evil as Mephisto's dog form eats at the fragments of Uatu's eye. Then he has Orb's corpse dumped into the ocean. It was also revealed that the Multiversal Masters of Evil had conquered some of the worlds like how Black Skull had ruled over Earth-818 with

1806-511: A space warp generated by Thor. Two issues later, the Enchantress returns them to Earth using a spell. Simon Williams is given superhuman strength with an ionic ray, though he is told he will die in a week unless given an antidote Zemo has. He captures the Wasp and lures the Avengers into a trap, but sacrifices himself to save the Avengers. Immortus appears and offers to help the Masters by defeating

1935-405: A steel gear, cam and motor skeleton covered by an aluminum skin. In 1928, Japan's first robot, Gakutensoku , was designed and constructed by biologist Makoto Nishimura. The German V-1 flying bomb was equipped with systems for automatic guidance and range control, flying on a predetermined course (which could include a 90-degree turn) and entering a terminal dive after a predetermined distance. It

2064-494: A team of evil villains that would take on the Avengers. As a condition from the Council of Red, Doom Supreme is to save Earth-616 for last. He formed a Multiverse version of the Masters of Evil that consisted of Black Skull , an alternate version of Dark Phoenix and her Berserkers (made of an alternate version of Wolverine called Hound and an alternate version of Thor), Ghost Goblin , Kid Thanos, and King Killmonger . They traveled to

2193-430: A time when his contemporaries such as Alan Turing and John von Neumann were all turning towards a view of mental processes in terms of digital computation . His work inspired subsequent generations of robotics researchers such as Rodney Brooks , Hans Moravec and Mark Tilden . Modern incarnations of Walter's turtles may be found in the form of BEAM robotics . The first digitally operated and programmable robot

2322-659: Is robotics . These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans in dangerous environments or manufacturing processes , or resemble humans in appearance, behavior, or cognition. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics . These robots have also created a newer branch of robotics: soft robotics . From the time of ancient civilization , there have been many accounts of user-configurable automated devices and even automata resembling humans and other animals, such as animatronics , designed primarily as entertainment. As mechanical techniques developed through

2451-603: Is a Life Model Decoy. When the Taskmaster donned the Crown of Wolves, he was unable to control the powers of the Abyss. Under the control of the Abyss, the Masters of Evil and the other people in Bagalia make their move. The Secret Avengers fight to keep the people under control of the Abyss from leaving Bagalia and invading other countries to spread the possession to other people. While possessed by

2580-618: Is a new robot introduced in 2012 which learns by guidance. A worker could teach Baxter how to perform a task by moving its hands in the desired motion and having Baxter memorize them. Extra dials, buttons, and controls are available on Baxter's arm for more precision and features. Any regular worker could program Baxter and it only takes a matter of minutes, unlike usual industrial robots that take extensive programs and coding to be used. This means Baxter needs no programming to operate. No software engineers are needed. This also means Baxter can be taught to perform multiple, more complicated tasks. Sawyer

2709-851: Is about to self-destruct as Black Panther, Namor, and Valkyrie work to get out before the explosion. As Captain America, Captain Marvel, Star Brand, and the Deathlok with them are trying to reach Avengers Mountain, the Quinjet is struck by the Mjolnir of Berserker Thor killing the Deathlok in the process. Thor is locked in combat with Berserker Thor as Dark Phoenix watches as Berserker Thor refers to her as his mother. Echo's Phoenix form shows up to knock back Berserker Thor. Dark Phoenix then restrains Echo as Thor slays his Berserker counterpart. As Dark Phoenix gets away, Thor has Echo ask

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2838-500: Is assembling his army of Doctor Doom variants that are loyal to him and are on Doom the Living Planet. Amidst the energies from the ancient Multiverse being leaked through, Doom Supreme is turned to stone by a sample of it and is shrunken by Ant-Man of Earth-818 while Dark Phoenix is slain by Firehair and Echo. During the " Dark Reign " storyline, a young version of the team - controlled by criminal mastermind Norman Osborn - debuts in

2967-601: Is just recently introduced which acts both as a smartphone and robot and is named RoboHon. As robots become more advanced, eventually there may be a standard computer operating system designed mainly for robots. Robot Operating System (ROS) is an open-source software set of programs being developed at Stanford University , the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , and the Technical University of Munich , Germany, among others. ROS provides ways to program

3096-792: Is led by Japanese government agencies, particularly the Trade Ministry. Many future applications of robotics seem obvious to people, even though they are well beyond the capabilities of robots available at the time of the prediction. As early as 1982 people were confident that someday robots would: 1. Clean parts by removing molding flash 2. Spray paint automobiles with absolutely no human presence 3. Pack things in boxes—for example, orient and nest chocolate candies in candy boxes 4. Make electrical cable harness 5. Load trucks with boxes—a packing problem 6. Handle soft goods, such as garments and shoes 7. Shear sheep 8. Be used as prostheses 9. Cook fast food and work in other service industries 10. Work as

3225-399: Is not known whether he attempted to build it. According to Encyclopædia Britannica , Leonardo da Vinci may have been influenced by the classic automata of al-Jazari. In Japan, complex animal and human automata were built between the 17th to 19th centuries, with many described in the 18th century Karakuri zui ( Illustrated Machinery , 1796). One such automaton was the karakuri ningyō ,

3354-545: Is the only one to decline. Baron Zemo hears that she is the only one not joining and says that they will respect her choice. Cammi flies away, only to be caught by the Constrictor and brutally slammed into a rock wall. Bleeding and semi-conscious from the surprise attack, Cammi lays under the Constrictor as he says "The man gave you a choice. You picked wrong." While the Shadow Council had their version, Lightmaster assembles

3483-595: Is tricked into opening a container filled with tear gas inside his helicopter, but escapes anyway. Baron Zemo leads the team in his revenge on Captain America and the Avengers . The team had been joined by the Enchantress and the Executioner , whom Zemo found in their exile to Earth that was imposed on them by Odin for attacking Thor. The Enchantress hypnotizes Thor into attacking the Avengers, but Iron Man breaks him out of

3612-493: Is whether the robots are being exploited and the consequences of human dependence upon commodified labor (especially after a number of specially-formulated robots achieve self-awareness and incite robots all around the world to rise up against the humans). Karel Čapek himself did not coin the word. He wrote a short letter in reference to an etymology in the Oxford English Dictionary in which he named his brother,

3741-626: The robota (Hungarian robot ) was the work period a serf (corvée) had to give for his lord, typically six months of the year. The origin of the word is the Old Church Slavonic rabota ' servitude ' ( ' work ' in contemporary Bulgarian, Macedonian and Russian), which in turn comes from the Proto-Indo-European root * orbh- . Robot is cognate with the German Arbeit ' work ' . English pronunciation of

3870-603: The Absorbing Man , the Shocker , Titania , and Yellowjacket . This incarnation initially fought the original Guardians of the Galaxy - a superhero group from an alternate future timeline - but then fought with the Guardians against an army of doppelgangers. The seventh incarnation was recruited by the Crimson Cowl (Justine Hammer). This version consisted first of the third Cyclone ,

3999-443: The Avengers with sheer raw power, whereas others had attempted to match the current line-up. The villains storm Avengers Mansion in a multi-issue storyline titled "Avengers Under Siege". A flashback later revealed that Augustus Roman's family had died during the fight between the Avengers and this incarnation of the Masters of Evil. The sixth incarnation was again assembled by Baron Helmut Zemo, and posed as superheroes known as

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4128-774: The Black Knight , Klaw , the Melter , the Radioactive Man , and Whirlwind before Klaw leaves the group and the Crimson Dynamo and Titanium Man take his place. After the Black Knight, Crimson Dynamo, and Titanium Man are killed by Doctor Doom 's Doombots , Whirlwind leaves the group to start a new life. A group based on the Masters of Evil called the Masters of Doom appear in " Heroes Reborn " (2021), consisting of Doctor Juggernaut ,

4257-406: The Black Knight , the Melter , and the Radioactive Man ) was gathered by former Nazi scientist Baron Heinrich Zemo . Despite attempting to capture the Avengers with Adhesive X and spreading it over the city, the Avengers find an antidote with the help of Paste-Pot Pete , give it to the Masters in secret (causing them to accidentally free people), and then send most of the members to jail. Zemo

4386-697: The Cardinal , the Cyclone , Gypsy Moth , Hydro-Man , the Machinesmith , and Man-Killer . Both versions of the Crimson Cowl's Masters of Evil sought to master and control Earth's superhuman mercenaries. They even tried to get the Thunderbolts to join them. Max Fury of the Shadow Council forms a ninth incarnation of the Masters of Evil, consisting of Princess Python , Vengeance , and Whiplash . They were discovered by

4515-800: The Flying Tiger , Klaw , the Man-Killer and Tiger Shark and later expanded to include the Aqueduct , the Bison , Blackwing , Boomerang , the Cardinal , the Constrictor , Dragonfly , the second Eel , the Icemaster , Joystick , Lodestone, the Man-Ape , Quicksand , Scorcher , Shatterfist , Shockwave , Slyde , Sunstroke , and Supercharger . The eighth incarnation, led by the Crimson Cowl , consisted of Black Mamba ,

4644-694: The Han Fei Zi and other texts, which attributes the 5th century BC Mohist philosopher Mozi and his contemporary Lu Ban with the invention of artificial wooden birds ( ma yuan ) that could successfully fly. In 1066, the Chinese inventor Su Song built a water clock in the form of a tower which featured mechanical figurines which chimed the hours. His mechanism had a programmable drum machine with pegs ( cams ) that bumped into little levers that operated percussion instruments. The drummer could be made to play different rhythms and different drum patterns by moving

4773-471: The Industrial age , there appeared more practical applications such as automated machines, remote-control and wireless remote-control . The term comes from a Slavic root, robot- , with meanings associated with labor. The word "robot" was first used to denote a fictional humanoid in a 1920 Czech-language play R.U.R. ( Rossumovi Univerzální Roboti – Rossum's Universal Robots ) by Karel Čapek , though it

4902-754: The Secret Avengers during a mission run by Captain America and Hawkeye. Max Fury later recruits the Black Talon , the Brothers Grimm , Carrion , the Constrictor , Crossfire , Diablo , Firebrand , the Griffin , Killer Shrike , Lady Stilt-Man , the Pink Pearl , and the Squid to join the Shadow Council's Masters of Evil. Fury and the Masters of Evil capture John Steele after he attempts to escape Bagalia (a country that

5031-907: The Silver Witch , the All-Gog , and the Black Skull . This version of the group are enemies of the Squadron Supreme of America and were previously imprisoned in the Negative Zone . An alternate reality iteration of the Masters of Evil appear in House of M: Masters of Evil , formed and led by the Hood and consisting of Absorbing Man , Batroc the Leaper , Blizzard , Chemistro , Cobra , Constrictor , Crossbones , Madame Masque , Mister Hyde , Nitro , Sandman , Titania ,

5160-662: The Thunderbolts . In addition to Zemo, the team consisted of the Beetle , the Fixer , Goliath , Moonstone , and Screaming Mimi . All eventually became heroes and renounced their criminal ways, though Zemo, the Fixer, and Moonstone all returned to villainy some time later. Baron Helmut Zemo created an 11th incarnation consisting of Whiplash, the Man-Killer, Klaw, Tiger Shark, and the Wrecking Crew, all of whom had been members of previous incarnations of

5289-641: The US Navy . In 1903, the Spanish engineer Leonardo Torres Quevedo demonstrated a radio control system called Telekino at the Paris Academy of Sciences , which he wanted to use to control an airship of his own design. He obtained several patents for the system in other countries. Unlike previous 'on/off' techniques, Torres established a method for controlling any mechanical or electrical device with different states of operation. The Telekino remotely controlled

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5418-504: The United States Patent and Trademark Office issued the registration in 1970. Between 1996 and 2004, Marvel relaunched the primary Avengers title three times. In 1996, the " Heroes Reborn " line, in which Marvel contracted outside companies to produce four titles, included a new volume of The Avengers . It took place in an alternate universe , with a revamped history unrelated to mainstream Marvel continuity. The Avengers vol. 2

5547-643: The West Coast Avengers , Madame Masque formed a West Coast version of the Masters of Evil consisting of the Eel, Graviton , Lady Bullseye , MODOK Superior , Satana , and Kate Bishop 's parents Derek and Eleanor Bishop . When the Prehistoric Avengers fought a younger Thanos and sent him back to the future, Mephisto found out that an alternate version of Doctor Doom called Doom Supreme had witnessed this fight. Mephisto suggested to Doom Supreme to form

5676-600: The Wizard , and the Wrecking Crew . This version of the group was formed to defy Magneto . While taking over the Central American country of Santo Rico, its dictators Madison and Lionel Jeffries kill two of the Wrecking Crew, Bulldozer and Piledriver . Though the group succeed in killing the Jeffries in turn, Magneto and Sebastian Shaw expose the Masters of Evil's criminal pasts, leading to Cobra, Crossbones, Hyde, Chemistro,

5805-510: The miniseries Dark Reign: Young Avengers . A group calling themselves the Bastards of Evil debuted in the 2010 " Heroic Age " storyline. All members claim to be the children of supervillains who were discarded and disavowed by their parents. They include Aftershock (the supposed daughter of Electro ), Warhead (the supposed son of the Radioactive Man ), Mortar (the supposed daughter of the Grey Gargoyle ), Singularity (the supposed son of Graviton ), and Ember (the supposed son of Pyro ). It

5934-420: The torpedo . Differential speed on the wires connected to the shore station allowed the torpedo to be guided to its target, making it "the world's first practical guided missile ". In 1897 the British inventor Ernest Wilson was granted a patent for a torpedo remotely controlled by "Hertzian" (radio) waves and in 1898 Nikola Tesla publicly demonstrated a wireless-controlled torpedo that he hoped to sell to

6063-665: The 1970s In the first issue, the Avengers team began with Ant-Man ( Hank Pym ), Hulk (Bruce Banner), Iron Man (Anthony Stark), Thor , and the Wasp (Janet van Dyne). The roster changed almost immediately after the first issue; in the second issue, Ant-Man became Giant-Man, and at the end of the issue, Hulk quit the team. Issue #4 brought the title's first major milestone: the revival and return of Captain America (Steve Rogers). The creative team of writer Roy Thomas and artist John Buscema introduced new characters such as Arkon in issue #75 (April 1970) and Red Wolf in #80 (Sept. 1970). The team's adventures increased in scope as

6192-455: The 4th century BC, the Greek mathematician Archytas of Tarentum postulated a mechanical steam-operated bird he called "The Pigeon". Hero of Alexandria (10–70 AD) , a Greek mathematician and inventor, created numerous user-configurable automated devices, and described machines powered by air pressure, steam and water. The 11th century Lokapannatti tells of how the Buddha's relics were protected by mechanical robots (bhuta vahana yanta), from

6321-409: The Abyss, the Taskmaster used its power to take control of the villains and have them board an airplane out of Bagalia to spread the campaign of the Abyss. While the others fight the possessed villains and other people, Venom uses his symbiote to break the Crowns and capture the Taskmaster. When the second incarnation of the Secret Avengers raid Bagalia to free the Taskmaster, they have to fight through

6450-480: The Avengers defeat them. Criminal scientist Egghead organized a third version, consisting of Moonstone , the original Scorpion , Tiger Shark and longtime member Whirlwind . After the team's defeat, Egghead kept only Moonstone and Tiger Shark; the Scorpion and Whirlwind were replaced with the original Beetle , the Shocker , and veteran member the Radioactive Man . Egghead uses this incarnation to assist him in making technological breakthroughs. A fourth version

6579-574: The Avengers' fight with the Multiversal Masters of Evil has gone on for 9 days, Iron Man fights King Killmonger who is then killed by Prehistoric Iron Fist. Nightwing and Prehistoric Moon Knight fight Black Skull as Captain America uses his shield that came in contact with fire to defeat Black Skull as the Venom symbiote makes its way to Kid Thanos. Echo and Valkyrie face off against Dark Phoenix where Valkyrie slices off Dark Phoenix's arm. Echo receives aid from across time as Soldier Supreme of 1943, Kid Starbrand and Reno Phoenix of 1868, Ghost Ronin of 1655, and

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6708-475: The Avengers. He succeeds in sending Captain America to the Tower of London in 1760. The Masters attack the Avengers, but Captain America manages to return. The Enchantress, sensing defeat, sends the villains back in time to before they met Immortus. In a later issue, Zemo kidnaps Rick Jones with an attractor beam and has the Enchantress and the Executioner release the Black Knight and the Melter (the Radioactive Man having been deported back to China). They attack

6837-407: The Busiek and Pérez run. NB: The Avengers Assemble volumes and Avengers: Disassembled are oversized. Avengers Vol. 5, entirely written by Jonathan Hickman, is best read in tandem with his concurrent New Avengers Vol. 3 . As such, given below are the collected editions for both his Avengers and New Avengers series. Robot A robot is a machine —especially one programmable by

6966-545: The Deathlok with them. As Doom Supreme regresses Valkyrie back to Jane Foster before he was headbutted by her horse, Namor struggles against Kid Thanos. Black Panther wields his Vibranium Dambe Boxer Cords and other defenses against magic while calling himself Red Panther. As the Deathlok reaches the brain of Avengers Mountain to put out a distress signal on what happened on Earth-616, Black Panther, Valkyrie, and Namor continue their fight against Doom Supreme and Kid Thanos until they retreat. The Deathlok detects that Avengers Mountain

7095-417: The Executioner escape by running away before the transportation happened. The second version, organized by the robot Ultron-5 (under the alias the Crimson Cowl), consisted of the second Black Knight , Klaw , the Melter , the Radioactive Man and Whirlwind . This incarnation made one more appearance. Ultron used this incarnation to blackmail New York. Black Knight betrayed the Masters of Evil and helped

7224-755: The Fuji Yusoki Kogyo Company. In 1973, a robot with six electromechanically driven axes was patented by KUKA robotics in Germany, and the programmable universal manipulation arm was invented by Victor Scheinman in 1976, and the design was sold to Unimation . Commercial and industrial robots are now in widespread use performing jobs more cheaply or with greater accuracy and reliability than humans. They are also employed for jobs which are too dirty, dangerous or dull to be suitable for humans. Robots are widely used in manufacturing, assembly and packing, transport, earth and space exploration, surgery, weaponry, laboratory research, and mass production of consumer and industrial goods. Various techniques have emerged to develop

7353-440: The Gatherers. This culminated in " Operation: Galactic Storm ", a 19-part storyline that ran through all Avengers-related titles and showcased a conflict between the Kree and the Shi'ar Empire . Marvel contracted out The Avengers and three related titles — Captain America , Fantastic Four , and Iron Man to former Marvel artists Jim Lee and Rob Liefeld , two of the founding creators of Image Comics . While The Avengers

7482-401: The Greek designs, these Arab examples reveal an interest, not only in dramatic illusion, but in manipulating the environment for human comfort. Thus, the greatest contribution the Arabs made, besides preserving, disseminating and building on the work of the Greeks, was the concept of practical application. This was the key element that was missing in Greek robotic science. In the 14th century,

7611-438: The Master of Evil 1st in their " Marvel's 5 Greatest Supervillain Stables" list." Jerry Stanford of Comic Book Resources ranked 3rd in their "10 Most Important Marvel Villain Teams" list, while David Harth ranked the team 6th in their "5 Best Marvel Villain Teams (& The 5 Best DC Villain Teams)" list. An alternate universe iteration of the Masters of Evil appear in Heroes Reborn: Masters of Evil , initially consisting of

7740-685: The Masters of Evil are defeated by the New Avengers and remanded to a prison on the planet Wakanda. A group based on the Masters of Evil called the Liberators appear in Ultimates 2 , formed by Loki under the alias of Norwegian scientist "Gunnar Golman" and consisting of Chang Lam / Abomination , Crimson Dynamo , Schizoid Man , Colonel Abdul al-Rahma , Hurricane , Insect Queen , and Perun . They received support from international governments, such as China , France , Iran , North Korea , Syria , and later Russia , and other superpowered individuals such as Natasha Romanoff / Black Widow , Hank Pym , and his Ultron / Vision II sentries to invade

7869-480: The Masters of Evil debuted in Thunderbolts #3 created by Kurt Busiek , Mark Bagley , and Vince Russell. The eighth version of the Masters of Evil debuted in Secret Avengers #21.1, created by Rick Remender , Patrick Zircher , and Andy Troy. The ninth version of the Masters of Evil debuted in Thunderbolts #10, created by Jim Zub , Jon Malin, Kurt Busiek , and Mark Bagley . The original Masters of Evil (consisting of existing Marvel Comics supervillains

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7998-413: The Masters of Evil debuted in The Avengers #270, created by Roger Stern , John Buscema , and Tom Palmer . The fifth version of the Masters of Evil debuted in Guardians of the Galaxy #28, created by Jim Valentino , Herb Trimpe , and Steve Montano. The sixth version of the Masters of Evil debuted in The Incredible Hulk #449, created by Kurt Busiek and Mark Bagley . The seventh version of

8127-443: The Masters of Evil single-handedly. Pym proved his innocence. Stern developed several major storylines, such as "Ultimate Vision"; the formation of the West Coast Avengers ; and "Avengers Under Siege". Rogue , who would later become a member of the X-Men, was introduced in The Avengers Annual #10 (1981) by writer Chris Claremont and artist Michael Golden . Stern created the villain, Nebula , who falsely claimed to be

8256-399: The Masters of Evil. Baron Zemo sent them out to persuade Atlas of the Thunderbolts, the former Goliath of Zemo's earlier incarnation of the Masters of Evil, to rejoin the team. Atlas resisted and only an unexpected reappearance of the Thunderbolt Jolt interrupted the Masters' plan. The Masters then went after the Winter Soldier , who was then leading the Thunderbolts, and captured him. Zemo and

8385-414: The Masters of Evil. During this time, it is shown that a duplicate of the Bi-Beast , Madcap , the Ringer and a number of other supervillains have joined the Masters of Evil. The Masters of Evil are featured in " Avengers Undercover " as part of the second wave of comics that are part of the " Marvel NOW! " branding. Following the death of Max Fury, Baron Helmut Zemo had been sworn in as the new leader of

8514-402: The Masters of Evil. He is shown to have Madame Masque as his right-hand woman, has the Constrictor as his bodyguard, and Daimon Hellstrom is in their company as their magic expert. The Anachronism , Cammi , Chase Stein , Death Locket , Hazmat , and Nico Minoru teleport to Bagalia in disguise and locate Cullen Bloodstone at the Hole (a Bagalian bar owned by Arcade). After a fight with

8643-446: The Masters then assaulted the Thunderbolts in their base, capturing several of them. During the "Opening Salvo" part of the Secret Empire storyline, Baron Zemo has Kobik send Bucky back through time to World War II and another battle with the Thunderbolts, in which the Man-Killer was apparently killed by Kobik. Upon Atlas, the Fixer, and Moonstone joining the Masters of Evil, they worked to reassemble Kobik. As Erik Selvig hordes

8772-430: The Melter, and Whirlwind. A future incarnation of the Masters of Evil from Earth-2099 appear in the Marvel 2099 story Spider-Man 2099: Exodus #3, consisting of the Patriot , the Black Knight , Baron Zemo , the Enchantress , the Melter , and the Radioactive Man . This version of the group killed several members of the Avengers and conquered multiple worlds. After Zemo kills the Black Knight for disobeying orders,

8901-454: The Phoenix Force what he is. Echo states that he already knows. They then join Iron Man, Captain America, Captain Marvel, and Star Brand into heading to Avengers Mountain. Far from Avengers Mountain, Doom Supreme and Kid Thanos meet up with Iron Inquisitor and Mephisto in the form of a dog as he nears the corpse of Orb. Under Mephisto's orders, Doom Supreme unburn Uatu's eye fragment and puts it in his own eye. As Doom Supreme and Kid Thanos enter

9030-404: The S.H.I.E.L.D. lair back to Bagalia, where Baron Zemo offers the group a chance to join the Masters of Evil. Baron Zemo instructs the Constrictor, Daimon Hellstrom, and Madame Masque to take a portion of the Murderworld survivors and take them into Bagalia City. While the other young heroes take up Baron Zemo's offer to join the Masters of Evil (with a plan to take the group down from within), Cammi

9159-414: The Shadow Council established) with the Serpent Crown and the Crown of Thorns. In order for the Masters of Evil to obtain the Crown of Wolves for the Shadow Council, Fury hired the Taskmaster to retrieve it. The Taskmaster demanded more money for the job and he hid in the Hole (a bar located in an underground city in Bagalia). Upon claiming the Crown of Wolves, Fury was unable to harness its power because he

9288-562: The Tyrannosaurus Starbrand of 66,000,000 BC donate the powers to Echo as she subdues Kid Thanos and the Venom symbiote. When Iron Man claims that Dark Phoenix has not gotten far, they are unaware that it is really Dark Phoenix in disguise as she is revealed to be a variant of Mystique from Earth-14412. She goes to find Doom Supreme and finds only a hologram when she accuses him of letting their teammates fall in battle. The real Doom Supreme

9417-549: The United States. However, they are defeated by the U.S.'s heroes, with Perun surrendering to S.H.I.E.L.D. and being held in the Triskelion and Loki being held by Odin for inciting a world war. The Avengers (comic book) The Avengers is a comic book title featuring the team the Avengers and published by Marvel Comics . The original The Avengers comic book series debuted in 1963. In 1960, DC Comics launched

9546-462: The Vision were actually illusions. The Avengers titles in late 1989 were involved in the major crossover event " Acts of Vengeance ". Bob Harras and Steve Epting took over the title in the summer of 1991 and introduced a stable lineup with ongoing story lines and character development. Their primary antagonists in this run were the mysterious Proctor and his team of other-dimensional Avengers known as

9675-468: The War Machines that he had that world's Tony Stark build. By the time Robbie Reyes and the Deathlok with him arrived, they met Earth-818's Tony Stark who operated as Ant-Man and saved him from the War Machines. Robbie and his Deathlok companion are later rescued from Black Skull by Ant-Man and his resistance consisting of Vision, Moon Knight (Mariama Spector), Wonder Man, and Infinity Thing. With help from

9804-840: The Wizard, and Wrecking Crew member Thunderball abandoning the remaining members, most of whom are killed by the Red Guard, though Absorbing Man throws Titania to safety. The Masters of Evil appear in Marvel Adventures #4, consisting of Baron Helmut Zemo , the Abomination , the Leader , and Ultron . Additionally, a group called the New Masters of Evil appear in Marvel Adventures: The Avengers #16, consisting of Egghead , Man-Bull ,

9933-476: The aftermath of Busiek's Kang arc, as the Avengers were granted international authority by the United Nations. Chuck Austen followed as writer. Writer Brian Michael Bendis then rebooted the series with the " Avengers Disassembled " storyline. All four Avengers series ( The Mighty Avengers , New Avengers , Dark Avengers , and Avengers: The Initiative ) were canceled, and a new ongoing series titled Avengers

10062-549: The artificial doves of Archytas , the artificial birds of Mozi and Lu Ban , a "speaking" automaton by Hero of Alexandria , a washstand automaton by Philo of Byzantium , and a human automaton described in the Lie Zi . Many ancient mythologies, and most modern religions include artificial people, such as the mechanical servants built by the Greek god Hephaestus ( Vulcan to the Romans),

10191-573: The attack, he is killed by the Prehistoric Ghost Rider. As the local ancestral ape-men hide in the caves, Odin and Valkyrie fight Doom Supreme, Echo and the Prehistoric Iron Fist fight Black Skull, Iron Man, Captain Marvel, and Namor fight Dark Phoenix, Captain America and Prehistoric Moon Knight fight Kid Thanos, Thor and Agamotto fight King Killmonger, and Nighthawk and Prehistoric Ghost Rider fight Ghost Goblin while Star Brand goes to

10320-425: The body of her prehistoric counterpart where the Prehistoric Ghost Rider depowers Ghost Goblin and kills him. When Dark Phoenix notes that this Earth is taking longer to conquer, Doom Supreme starts to cast a spell to wipe out the ancestral ape-men as Prehistoric Ghost Rider ends up one of the victims. As the fight rages on, Lady Phoenix is shown heading towards Earth. As he narrates about his internal clock stating that

10449-420: The bones however they like". When the Multiversal Masters of Evil conquer another Earth and plan to return to Earth-616, Ghost Rider arrives where he controls Black Skull's symbiote enough to subdue King Killmonger and uses his Hell Charger to knock down Kid Thanos and Hound before it drags Dark Phoenix. Then he subdues Ghost Goblin before engaging Doom Supreme. After Deathlok and Ant-Man of Earth-818 arrive where

10578-413: The bottom of the sea. There are concerns about the increasing use of robots and their role in society. Robots are blamed for rising technological unemployment as they replace workers in increasing numbers of functions. The use of robots in military combat raises ethical concerns. The possibilities of robot autonomy and potential repercussions have been addressed in fiction and may be a realistic concern in

10707-478: The brain worked lay in how it was wired up. His first robots, named Elmer and Elsie , were constructed between 1948 and 1949 and were often described as tortoises due to their shape and slow rate of movement. The three-wheeled tortoise robots were capable of phototaxis , by which they could find their way to a recharging station when they ran low on battery power. Walter stressed the importance of using purely analogue electronics to simulate brain processes at

10836-559: The character of Henry Peter Gyrich , the Avengers' liaison to the United States National Security Council . The true origins of Quicksilver and the Scarlet Witch were revealed in a three-part story that ran in issues #185-187 (July-Sept. 1979). The first major development was the breakdown of Henry Pym, which writer Roger Stern resolved this by having Pym outwit Egghead and defeated the latest incarnation of

10965-429: The clay golems of Jewish legend and clay giants of Norse legend, and Galatea , the mythical statue of Pygmalion that came to life. Since circa 400 BC, myths of Crete include Talos , a man of bronze who guarded the island from pirates. In ancient Greece, the Greek engineer Ctesibius (c. 270 BC) "applied a knowledge of pneumatics and hydraulics to produce the first organ and water clocks with moving figures." In

11094-482: The concept of a robot is the field of synthetic biology , which studies entities whose nature is more comparable to living things than to machines. The idea of automata originates in the mythologies of many cultures around the world. Engineers and inventors from ancient civilizations, including Ancient China , Ancient Greece , and Ptolemaic Egypt , attempted to build self-operating machines, some resembling animals and humans. Early descriptions of automata include

11223-459: The coronation of Richard II of England featured an automata angel. In Renaissance Italy, Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) sketched plans for a humanoid robot around 1495. Da Vinci's notebooks, rediscovered in the 1950s, contained detailed drawings of a mechanical knight now known as Leonardo's robot , able to sit up, wave its arms and move its head and jaw. The design was probably based on anatomical research recorded in his Vitruvian Man . It

11352-590: The different parts of the Multiverse slaying their versions of the Prehistoric Avengers and rewriting the future to fit their ways. Their activities were opposed by the Deathloks that work for Avenger Prime. Though they violated a condition that the Council of Red gave them. When they arrived, they were watched by Orb who viewed them through the eye of Uatu the Watcher that he still had. Doom Supreme killed Orb and destroyed

11481-424: The drink. Al-Jazari invented a hand washing automaton incorporating a flush mechanism now used in modern flush toilets . It features a female humanoid automaton standing by a basin filled with water. When the user pulls the lever, the water drains and the female automaton refills the basin. Mark E. Rosheim summarizes the advances in robotics made by Muslim engineers, especially al-Jazari, as follows: Unlike

11610-428: The earliest known automatic gates, which were driven by hydropower, created automatic doors as part of one of his elaborate water clocks . One of al-Jazari's humanoid automata was a waitress that could serve water, tea or drinks. The drink was stored in a tank with a reservoir from where the drink drips into a bucket and, after seven minutes, into a cup, after which the waitress appears out of an automatic door serving

11739-785: The eye. King Killmonger, Dark Phoenix, and the Berserkers then attacked Asgard which brought them into conflict with Echo 's Phoenix form, Iron Man, Thor, and the Deathloks. The Deathloks find Captain America, Captain Marvel, and Star Brand as they are attacked by Black Skull and Ghost Goblin. As Captain America and Captain Marvel are overwhelmed, Star Brand shows up to attack them. As they retreat, Black Skull has Ghost Goblin dump his Noggin Bombs which are annulled when Star Brand matures and negates their explosions. Doom Supreme and Kid Thanos attack Avengers Mountain. They engage Black Panther, Namor, Valkyrie, and

11868-411: The first eight issues only, in addition to doing the layouts for issues #14–16. This initial series, published bi-monthly through issue #6 (July 1964) and monthly thereafter, ran through issue #402 (Sept. 1996), with spinoffs including several annuals , miniseries and a giant-size quarterly sister series that ran briefly in the mid-1970s. Marvel filed for a trademark for "The Avengers" in 1967 and

11997-488: The first law and often the third law. "People think about Asimov's laws, but they were set up to point out how a simple ethical system doesn't work. If you read the short stories, every single one is about a failure, and they are totally impractical," said Dr. Joanna Bryson of the University of Bath. ) Mobile robots have the capability to move around in their environment and are not fixed to one physical location. An example of

12126-720: The fragments that he has, kisses them, and commits suicide, the Kobik-reprogrammed Captain America persuaded Baron Zemo to have the Masters of Evil join HYDRA 's " Army of Evil ." Baron Zemo did just that. The Masters of Evil assisted the Army of Evil in causing havoc in protest for what happened at Pleasant Hill. The fifth incarnation was organized by Doctor Octopus , but bore little resemblance to previous incarnations. Its roster included Gargantua , Jackhammer , Oddball , Powderkeg , and Puff Adder , in addition to former members

12255-687: The future. The word robot can refer to both physical robots and virtual software agents , but the latter are usually referred to as bots . There is no consensus on which machines qualify as robots but there is general agreement among experts, and the public, that robots tend to possess some or all of the following abilities and functions: accept electronic programming, process data or physical perceptions electronically, operate autonomously to some degree, move around, operate physical parts of itself or physical processes, sense and manipulate their environment, and exhibit intelligent behavior, especially behavior which mimics humans or other animals. Related to

12384-414: The granddaughter of Thanos . Following Stern's departure, Walt Simonson wrote the series briefly but left due to editorial conflicts. John Byrne took over writing both West Coast Avengers and The Avengers and merged the two separate Avengers teams into one team with two bases. Byrne's contributions included a revamping of the Vision, and the discovery that the children of the Scarlet Witch and

12513-739: The granddaughters of King Thor, Robbie, his Deathlok companion, and the Resistance defeated Black Skull and his alternate counterparts while liberating Earth-818. Ant-Man joins Robbie and his Deathlok companion in their quest to liberate the enslaved Earths from the Multiversal Masters of Evil. In a flashback, the Multiversal Masters of Evil invaded Earth-91 and slew that version of the Prehistoric Avengers who are all Man-Things . Doom Supreme orders his Multiversal Masters of Evil to keep him out of their squabbles as King Killmonger claims that Doom Supreme has not even claimed his Earth yet. Doom Supreme claims that he claimed what he required from Earth-91 and to "pick

12642-559: The kingdom of Roma visaya (Rome); until they were disarmed by King Ashoka . In ancient China, the 3rd-century text of the Lie Zi describes an account of humanoid automata, involving a much earlier encounter between Chinese emperor King Mu of Zhou and a mechanical engineer known as Yan Shi, an 'artificer'. Yan Shi proudly presented the king with a life-size, human-shaped figure of his mechanical 'handiwork' made of leather, wood, and artificial organs. There are also accounts of flying automata in

12771-440: The late 19th century in the form of several types of remotely controlled torpedoes . The early 1870s saw remotely controlled torpedoes by John Ericsson ( pneumatic ), John Louis Lay (electric wire guided), and Victor von Scheliha (electric wire guided). The Brennan torpedo , invented by Louis Brennan in 1877, was powered by two contra-rotating propellers that were spun by rapidly pulling out wires from drums wound inside

12900-517: The latter shrinks Doom Supreme, Dark Phoenix goes on the attack as Deathlok orders Ant-Man of Earth-818 to get Ghost Rider away while he buys them some time. Following Deathlok's death, Doom Supreme tells the Multiversal Masters of Evil that they need to regroup as he knows where they are going. Ghost Goblin asks Doom Supreme if he will restore himself to normal size as well. Doom Supreme then states that they will visit that location before heading to Earth-616 as he vows that "No Avenger gets out alive". At

13029-407: The mining company Rio Tinto Coal Australia . Some analysts believe that within the next few decades, most trucks will be self-driving. A literate or 'reading robot' named Marge has intelligence that comes from software. She can read newspapers, find and correct misspelled words, learn about banks like Barclays, and understand that some restaurants are better places to eat than others. Baxter

13158-589: The numbering, and The Avengers #500-503 (Sept.– Dec. 2004), the one-shot Avengers Finale (Jan. 2005) became the " Avengers Disassembled " storyline and final issues. Avengers vol. 4 debuted in July 2010 and ran until January 2013. Vol. 5 was launched in February 2013. After Secret Wars , a new Avengers team debuted, dubbed the All-New, All-Different Avengers , starting with a Free Comic Book Day preview. "And there came

13287-537: The other Avengers, forcing Captain America to go alone to Zemo's kingdom to rescue Rick. The Executioner tells the Avengers that a battle in the city would hurt many people, meaning they should surrender. Captain America blinds Zemo with his shield and Zemo dies when he accidentally triggers a rock slide. The Black Knight and the Melter are then captured after Thor transports them to another dimension with different scientific laws, meaning their weapons rebound. The Enchantress and

13416-877: The painter and writer Josef Čapek , as its actual originator. In an article in the Czech journal Lidové noviny in 1933, he explained that he had originally wanted to call the creatures laboři ( ' workers ' , from Latin labor ). However, he did not like the word, and sought advice from his brother Josef, who suggested roboti . The word robota means literally ' corvée , serf labor ' , and figuratively ' drudgery, hard work ' in Czech and also (more general) ' work, labor ' in many Slavic languages (e.g.: Bulgarian , Russian , Serbian , Croatian , Slovenian , Slovak , Polish , Macedonian , Ukrainian and archaic Czech) as well as robot in Hungarian . Traditionally

13545-510: The party at Massacrer Casino as the testing grounds for his newest version of "Murderworld": fancy parties at casinos where the rich and powerful can try and kill each other to prove their supremacy. After Arcade was killed, Baron Zemo, Madame Masque, the Constructor, and Daimon Hellstrom begin plotting their next move regarding the heroes. After the young heroes are apprehended during a S.H.I.E.L.D. raid on Bagalia, Daimon Hellstrom later teleports

13674-563: The pegs to different locations. Samarangana Sutradhara , a Sanskrit treatise by Bhoja (11th century), includes a chapter about the construction of mechanical contrivances ( automata ), including mechanical bees and birds, fountains shaped like humans and animals, and male and female dolls that refilled oil lamps, danced, played instruments, and re-enacted scenes from Hindu mythology. 13th century Muslim scientist Ismail al-Jazari created several automated devices. He built automated moving peacocks driven by hydropower. He also invented

13803-646: The same year built the first wire-guided rocket. In 1928, one of the first humanoid robots, Eric , was exhibited at the annual exhibition of the Model Engineers Society in London, where it delivered a speech. Invented by W. H. Richards, the robot's frame consisted of an aluminium body of armour with eleven electromagnets and one motor powered by a twelve-volt power source. The robot could move its hands and head and could be controlled through remote control or voice control. Both Eric and his "brother" George toured

13932-410: The science of robotics and robots. One method is evolutionary robotics , in which a number of differing robots are submitted to tests. Those which perform best are used as a model to create a subsequent "generation" of robots. Another method is developmental robotics , which tracks changes and development within a single robot in the areas of problem-solving and other functions. Another new type of robot

14061-572: The start of a seven-part story featuring the Squadron Supreme and the Serpent Crown . In 2010, Comics Bulletin ranked Englehart's run on The Avengers eighth on its list of the "Top 10 1970s Marvels". After Englehart departed and a seven-issue stint by Gerry Conway , Jim Shooter began as writer, generating several classic adventures, including " The Bride of Ultron ", the " Nefaria Trilogy", and "The Korvac Saga". Shooter introduced

14190-408: The team along with the reformed Swordsman. During the summer of 1973, Englehart and artists Bob Brown and Sal Buscema produced "The Avengers-Defenders Clash" storyline which crossed over between the two team titles. This eight-issue story was the first summertime cross-title event, and was very popular with readers. George Pérez became the title's artist with issue #141 (Nov. 1975) which saw

14319-556: The team crossed into an alternate dimension and battled the Squadron Supreme , and fought in the Kree-Skrull War , which guest-starred the Kree hero, Mar-Vell/Captain Marvel . Novelist Harlan Ellison plotted two stories for the series. The first ("The Summons of Psyklop") was published in issue #88 (May 1971) and the second ("Five Dooms to Save Tomorrow") in #101 (July 1972). Writer Steve Englehart introduced Mantis , who joined

14448-487: The time when the Avengers travel to prehistoric times and encounter the Avengers of that time, Agamotto breaks up the fight between them as Doom Supreme arrives where he removes Agamotto's eyes and kills the Prehistoric Star Brand. Then the rest of the Multiversal Masters of Evil arrive. As the Avengers go on the attack, Dark Phoenix takes them down much to the dismay of Kid Thanos and Ghost Goblin. When Hound goes on

14577-547: The trance. Meanwhile, Captain America has been lured to South America to fight Zemo. After defeating Zemo, Captain America returns on Zemo's helicopter and stops Zemo from shooting the Avengers. However, the Enchantress casts a spell that gets the helicopter to the rooftop she and the Executioner are on. The Executioner knocks Captain America out by striking his shoulder, and takes him out of the helicopter, after which they all try to escape. The Masters are sent to another dimension in

14706-446: The villains there, Cullen reveals that he has become a member of the Masters of Evil, having been accepted by them. The Constrictor and Madam Masque arrange for Cullen to teleport the group to a nearby swanky party at Massacrer Casino hosted by Arcade so that they can get revenge on him once and for all. Baron Zemo, Madame Masque, the Constrictor and Daimon Hellstrom watch as the young heroes try to avoid being killed, as Arcade has arranged

14835-452: The word has evolved relatively quickly since its introduction. In the U.S. during the late 1930s to early 1940s it was pronounced / ˈ r oʊ b oʊ t / . By the late 1950s to early 1960s, some were pronouncing it / ˈ r oʊ b ə t / , while others used / ˈ r oʊ b ɒ t / By the 1970s, its current pronunciation / ˈ r oʊ b ɒ t / had become predominant. The word robotics , used to describe this field of study,

14964-499: The world. Westinghouse Electric Corporation built Televox in 1926; it was a cardboard cutout connected to various devices which users could turn on and off. In 1939, the humanoid robot known as Elektro was debuted at the 1939 New York World's Fair . Seven feet tall (2.1 m) and weighing 265 pounds (120.2 kg), it could walk by voice command, speak about 700 words (using a 78-rpm record player ), smoke cigarettes, blow up balloons, and move its head and arms. The body consisted of

15093-477: Was Karel's brother Josef Čapek who was the word's true inventor. Electronics evolved into the driving force of development with the advent of the first electronic autonomous robots created by William Grey Walter in Bristol, England in 1948, as well as Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine tools in the late 1940s by John T. Parsons and Frank L. Stulen . The first commercial, digital and programmable robot

15222-460: Was a book called The [ sic ] Justice League of America and it was composed of a team of superheroes. ... 'If the Justice League is selling,' spoke he, 'why don't we put out a comic book that features a team of superheroes?' Much like the Justice League, the Avengers were an assemblage of pre-existing superhero characters created by Lee and Jack Kirby . Kirby did the artwork for

15351-400: Was added in 2015 for smaller, more precise tasks. Prototype cooking robots have been developed and could be programmed for autonomous, dynamic and adjustable preparation of discrete meals. The word robot was introduced to the public by the Czech interwar writer Karel Čapek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots) , published in 1920. The play begins in a factory that uses

15480-670: Was built by George Devol in 1954 and was named the Unimate . It was sold to General Motors in 1961 where it was used to lift pieces of hot metal from die casting machines at the Inland Fisher Guide Plant in the West Trenton section of Ewing Township, New Jersey . Robots have replaced humans in performing repetitive and dangerous tasks which humans prefer not to do, or are unable to do because of size limitations, or which take place in extreme environments such as outer space or

15609-456: Was coined by the science fiction writer Isaac Asimov . Asimov created the Three Laws of Robotics which are a recurring theme in his books. These have since been used by many others to define laws used in fiction. (The three laws are pure fiction, and no technology yet created has the ability to understand or follow them, and in fact most robots serve military purposes, which run quite contrary to

15738-568: Was formed by Baron Helmut Zemo . This team uses over a dozen villains, consisting of the Absorbing Man , Blackout , Black Mamba , the Fixer , Goliath , the Grey Gargoyle , Mister Hyde , Moonstone , the Screaming Mimi , Tiger Shark , Titania , Whirlwind , the Wrecking Crew ( Bulldozer , Piledriver , Thunderball and the Wrecker ), and Yellowjacket , created with the goal of overwhelming

15867-454: Was invented by George Devol in 1954 and was ultimately called the Unimate . This ultimately laid the foundations of the modern robotics industry. Devol sold the first Unimate to General Motors in 1960, and it was installed in 1961 in a plant in Trenton, New Jersey to lift hot pieces of metal from a die casting machine and stack them. The first palletizing robot was introduced in 1963 by

15996-685: Was later revealed that the Bastards are led by a child genius known as Superior (who claims to be the son of the Leader ). It was also revealed that the Bastards were actually normal teenagers who were mutated by exposure to radiation by Superior as well as given false memory implants. The surviving Bastards are held in the Raft after their capture. Darby Harn of Screen Rant included the Masters of Evil in their "10 Most Powerful Hercules Villains In Marvel Comics" list, and in their "15 Most Powerful Black Panther Villains" list. Mark Ginocchio of ComicBook.com ranked

16125-621: Was launched in May 2010, written by Brian Michael Bendis and penciled by John Romita Jr. In 2012, a biweekly Avengers title was launched, written by Jonathan Hickman and drawn by different artists for each story arc. After Secret Wars , a new Avengers title (vol. 6) dubbed the All-New, All-Different Avengers launched in 2015 written by Mark Waid , with alternating artwork by Mahmud Asrar and Adam Kubert , and covers by Alex Ross . Mark Waid and Alex Ross continued with Avengers vol. 7, which launched in 2017, with artwork by Mike del Mundo . It

16254-437: Was relaunched as a new series, the " Heroes Reborn " line ended after a year as planned and the license reverted to Marvel. Writer Kurt Busiek and penciler George Pérez launched a new volume of the series with The Avengers vol. 3, #1 (Feb. 1998). Busiek concurrently wrote the limited series Avengers Forever . Busiek's run included many of the Avengers' traditional villains. Successor writer Geoff Johns dealt with

16383-738: Was relaunched once again in 2018 as part of Marvel's " Fresh Start " relaunch featuring a creative by Jason Aaron (w) and Ed McGuinness (pen). 978-0785160151 (variant) 978-0785191773 (variant) 978-1302910211 (variant) 978-1302915353 (variant) 978-1302926502 (variant) 978-0785162049 (variant) (hardcover only after Volume 6) May 28, 2024 978-1302957988 August 22, 2023 978-1302950521 April 12, 2022 978-1302934026 May 26, 2021 978-1302929596 January 4, 2022 978-1302933661 September 20, 2022 May 10, 2022 978-1302946869 Avengers Finale and New Avengers #3. NB: The Avengers Assemble volumes comprise most of

16512-475: Was reported as being a 'robot' in contemporary descriptions The first electronic autonomous robots with complex behaviour were created by William Grey Walter of the Burden Neurological Institute at Bristol , England in 1948 and 1949. He wanted to prove that rich connections between a small number of brain cells could give rise to very complex behaviors – essentially that the secret of how

16641-487: Was written by Rob Liefeld and penciled by Jim Valentino , and ran for 13 issues (Nov. 1996–Nov. 1997). The final issue, which featured a crossover with the other Heroes Reborn titles, returned the characters to the main Marvel Universe . The Avengers vol. 3 relaunched and ran for 84 issues from February 1998 to August 2004. To coincide with what would have been the 500th issue of the original series, Marvel changed

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