Daffy Duck is a cartoon character created by animators Tex Avery and Bob Clampett for Leon Schlesinger Productions . Styled as an anthropomorphic black duck , he has appeared in cartoon series such as Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies , in which he is usually depicted as a foil for either Bugs Bunny , Porky Pig or Speedy Gonzales . He was one of the first of the new " screwball " characters that emerged in the late 1930s to replace traditional everyman characters who were more popular earlier in the decade , such as Mickey Mouse , Porky Pig, and Popeye .
192-708: Daffy starred in 130 shorts in the golden age , making him the third-most frequent character in the Looney Tunes / Merrie Melodies cartoons, behind Bugs Bunny's 167 appearances and Porky Pig's 153 appearances. Virtually every Warner Bros. cartoon director, most notably Bob Clampett , Robert McKimson , and Chuck Jones , put his own spin on the Daffy Duck character. He was ranked number 14 on TV Guide ' s list of top 50 greatest cartoon characters. Daffy first appeared in Porky's Duck Hunt , released on April 17, 1937. The cartoon
384-465: A comedy duo ) is a form of comedy originating in the British music hall tradition, and American vaudeville , in which two comedians perform together as a single act, often highlighting differences in their characters' personalities. Pairings are typically long-term, in some cases for the artists' entire careers. Double acts perform on the stage, television and film. The format is particularly popular in
576-481: A rag and bone man . The comedy derives from the way the characters interact in their tempestuous relationship. The series also has more heart-rending moments as the son despairs at his inability to escape his needy, selfish, grasping father. Porridge saw "an habitual criminal", Fletcher (played by Ronnie Barker , already famous for his comedy partnership with Ronnie Corbett ) and a young, naive, first-time prisoner, Lennie Godber . The two would bicker but endured
768-416: A "story department", separate from the animators, with storyboard artists who would be dedicated to working on a "story development" phase of the production pipeline. In turn, Disney's continued emphasis on story development and characterization resulted in another hit in 1933: Three Little Pigs , which is seen as the first cartoon in which multiple characters displayed unique, individual personalities and
960-428: A Life? Daffy tries to upstage Bugs Bunny in order to be the guest of honor on the show; in all four of these cartoons Daffy ends up a loser because of his own overemotional personality (which impairs Daffy's common sense and reasoning ability) and his craving for attention. Film critic Steve Schneider calls Jones' version of Daffy "a kind of unleashed id ." Jones said that his version of the character "expresses all of
1152-413: A Pete and Dud dialogue, leaving him helpless to respond. As the partnership progressed into the often-improvised Derek and Clive dialogues, these light-hearted attempts to make Moore laugh became, as a result of Cook's growing insecurity and alcoholism, aggressive attacks on the defenseless Moore. Carrying the tradition of going against the grain of traditional double acts, when the partnership dissolved in
1344-493: A big success, the first for Disney since Snow White . The critically acclaimed film brought in much-needed revenue and kept the studio afloat. A few months after Dumbo was released in 1941, the United States entered the war after the attack on Pearl Harbor . This led to the mobilization of all movie studios (including their cartoon divisions) to produce propaganda material to bolster public confidence and encourage support for
1536-401: A click track to keep his musicians on the beat (Disney later learned that it was easier to record the dialogue, music and sound effects first and animate to the sound). Little more than a month before Steamboat Willie' s premiere, Paul Terry released his sound cartoon Dinner Time ; however it was not a financial success and Walt Disney described it as "a bunch of racket". Steamboat Willie
1728-531: A degree of egotism. The difference between the pair is the free-spirited, uneducated and selfishness of Jeremy and the intellectual arrogance but shyness of Mark. In the United States and Canada , the tradition was more popular in the earlier part of the 20th century with vaudeville -derived acts such as Laurel and Hardy , Abbott and Costello , Burns and Allen , Jackie Gleason and Art Carney , Wheeler & Woolsey , and Lyons and Yosco and continuing into
1920-411: A director), Robert McKimson tamed Daffy a bit, redesigning him yet again to be rounder and less elastic. The studio also instilled some of Bugs Bunny 's savvy into the duck, making him as brilliant with his mouth as he was with his battiness. Daffy was teamed up with Porky Pig; the duck's one-time rival became his straight man . Arthur Davis , who directed Warner Bros. cartoon shorts for a few years in
2112-575: A distribution deal with Universal Studios ; however it was Mintz—not Disney—that signed the deal. Disney and lead animator Ub Iwerks created Oswald the Lucky Rabbit , who debuted in Trolley Troubles short in 1927. The Oswald series was a success and became the first hit for the Walt Disney studio. In the spring of 1928, Disney travelled to New York to ask Mintz for a budget increase. His request
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#17328590423692304-499: A double act ( The Dangerous Brothers ) in 1991 when they created Bottom . Their characters are a pair of sad, pathetic losers forced together by their mutual hopelessness. However, unlike earlier examples of such, the characters in Bottom absolutely hate each other, exacerbating their despair. This often leads to slapstick violence, such as hitting each other with frying pans. Mayall and Edmonson have said Bottom aimed to be more than just
2496-457: A down-to-earth character while Hancock was pompous and had delusions of grandeur , and the comedy was derived from the two playing off each other's characteristics. A common trend in sitcoms is to place the double act in a situation where they are forced together through uncontrollable circumstance. In another Galton and Simpson production, Steptoe and Son , a son, with great ambition, was forced to live with his elderly, manipulative father as
2688-439: A fairly equal share of the laughs. The pair first worked together as a double act in the 1927 film Duck Soup . The first Laurel and Hardy film was called Putting Pants on Philip though their familiar characters had not yet been established. The first film they both appeared in was Lucky Dog in 1921. Laurel and Hardy adapted well to silent films, both being skilled at slapstick, and their nonverbal interplay with each other and
2880-476: A fat, chubby pig to a more cute and childlike character. Unlike the other cartoon producers at the time, Avery had no intention of competing with Walt Disney, but instead brought a new wacky, zany style of animation to the studio that would increase the Warner Bros. cartoons' popularity in the crowded marketplace. This was firmly established in 1937 when Tex Avery directed Porky's Duck Hunt . During production of
3072-613: A giant mallet in Daffy the Commando (1943) and outwits Hitler, Goebbels and Goering in Plane Daffy (1944). Oddly enough, it was only after these wartime escapades that Daffy is actually subject to conscription into military service, in the form of "the little man from the draft board", whom he tries to dodge in Draftee Daffy (1945). For Daffy Doodles (his first Looney Tunes cartoon as
3264-500: A greenish solution), jumps up and down to "shake well" and finally swallows a lit match that detonates the whole improbable mixture. When Bugs tells Daffy that the audience loves the act and wants more, Daffy, now a ghost floating upward (presumably to Heaven), says that he can only do the act once. Some TV stations, and in the 1990s the cable network TNT , edited out the dangerous act, afraid of imitation by young children. While Bugs Bunny became Warner Bros. ' most popular character,
3456-524: A huge amount of popularity among the public, and turned his focus to producing his most ambitious movie: Sleeping Beauty . Sleeping Beauty was filmed in Super Technirama 70 mm film and in stereophonic sound like Fantasia . Sleeping Beauty also signaled a change in the style of drawing, with cartoony and angular characters; taking influence from UPA . Although Sleeping Beauty was the second-highest-grossing film of 1959 (just behind Ben-Hur ),
3648-559: A low-budget feature film, Dumbo . Just a few days after rough animation was complete on Dumbo , the Disney animators' strike broke out. This was caused by the Screen Cartoonist's Guild (which had been formed in 1938), who severed many ties between Walt Disney and his staff, while encouraging many members of the Disney studio to leave and seek greener pastures. Later that year, Dumbo became
3840-673: A more diverse Daffy closer to that of Robert McKimson's design; however, due to the box office bomb of Looney Tunes: Back in Action , these new films ceased production. Daffy returned to Cartoon Network in The Looney Tunes Show , voiced by Jeff Bergman . In the show, he has moved out of the forest and shares Bugs' house with him. Unlike Bugs and their neighbors, Daffy has no way of earning money and relies on Bugs for food and shelter. He tried on numerous occasions to get rich quick, but ended up failing repeatedly. Daffy's one possession he
4032-459: A new animation director who proceeded to revitalize the studio: Tex Avery . Schlesinger put Avery in charge of the low-budget Looney Tunes in a low run-down old building the animators named Termite Terrace. Under Avery, Porky Pig would replace the Buddy series and become the first Warner Bros. cartoon character to achieve star power. Also at Termite Terrace, animator Bob Clampett redesigned Porky from
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#17328590423694224-424: A number of Color Classics cartoons during the 1930s which attempted to emulate Walt Disney's use of color, but the series was not a success. In 1934, Max Fleischer became interested in producing an animated feature film shortly after Walt Disney's announcement of Snow White , however Paramount vetoed the idea. In 1936, Fleischer Studios produced the first of three two-reel Popeye Technicolor features: Popeye
4416-558: A number of Antenna 3 and Fininvest television shows they took part in. In 1987 the couple split to pursue some solo projects, before briefly reuniting between 2002 and 2006 for a number of stage shows and plays. Gigi e Andrea started performing together in small theaters, cabarets and hostelries in Bologna in the second half of the 1970s. They debuted in 1978 on the Rai 1 variety show Io e la Befana . The year before they had appeared for
4608-417: A pair of cold eyes glittering behind the pince nez" and "never talked to the staff. He looked us over like an admiral surveying a row of stanchions." While Winkler had offered gentle critiques and encouragement, Mintz communicated to Disney in a harsh and cruel tone. In 1927, Mintz ordered Disney to stop producing Alice Comedies due to the costs of combining live-action and animation. Mintz managed to gain
4800-691: A parody of the Adventures of Superman television series. Robin Hood Daffy (1958) casts the duck in the role of the legendary outlaw Robin Hood with Porky Pig as Friar Tuck . Besides being playing parodies, Daffy also played a salesman-who continually annoys a potential customer into buying something: in Fool Coverage , Daffy actually succeeds into selling Porky Pig a $ 1,000,000 accident policy which only works under impossible conditions. Unfortunately for Daffy, all
4992-507: A peculiar comic verve, filled with paradoxical and surreal moods, their popularity increased in the early 1970s with the variety show Il poeta e il contadino and with the participation with the musical show Canzonissima . The couple began to crack in 1974, when Renato started devoting himself to a full-time film career. After a long separation, Cochi e Renato reunited in 2000s for a series of television and stage projects. Cochi e Renato were also very active as singer-songwriters (often with
5184-567: A playful rivalry—the Winters mocked the slight edge Morecambe and Wise had over them in popularity, while Morecambe, when asked what he and Wise would have been if not comedians, replied " Mike and Bernie Winters ". A series of black-and-white films based on Don Camillo and Peppone characters created by the Italian writer and journalist Giovannino Guareschi were made between 1952 and 1965. These were French-Italian coproductions, and starred Fernandel as
5376-454: A profit. The last film made by the Disney company was a short called Alice's Wonderland . Loosely inspired by Lewis Carroll 's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland ; the short featured a live-action five-year-old girl named Alice ( Virginia Davis ) who had adventures in a fully animated world. The film was never fully complete however as the studio went bankrupt in the summer of 1923. Upon
5568-540: A real script and where they often improvised on the set. Also are the 13 films directed by Lucio Fulci , who was the architect of the reversal of their typical roles by making Ciccio the serious one, the sidekick, and Franco the comic one. They also worked with important directors such as Pier Paolo Pasolini and the Taviani brothers . Considered at the time as protagonists of B movie , they were subsequently reevaluated by critics for their comedy and creative abilities, becoming
5760-482: A relationship of mutual respect. Barker also formed a partnership with David Jason in Open All Hours , with Jason playing Granville while Barker played Albert Arkwright. Many don't see this as a comedy duo, but the straight-man element coupled with Barker's funny-man antics on the show are still compressed into the script. Rik Mayall and Ade Edmondson combined their success in sitcoms ( The Young Ones ) and as
5952-641: A resurgence in American double acts. Blazing Saddles (1974) featured a memorable performance by Mel Brooks and Harvey Korman (who later teamed up again in Brooks's 1981 follow-up History of the World, Part I ). Saturday Night Live , first broadcast in 1975, provided an outlet for comedians to appear in sketches as double acts and continues to do so. It was here that Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi honed their characters The Blues Brothers , who were soon pulled to fame in
Daffy Duck - Misplaced Pages Continue
6144-520: A rival of Bugs and saying, "Woo-hoo!" a lot in the show. He made occasional cameo appearances on Animaniacs and Histeria! . In Loonatics Unleashed , his descendant is Danger Duck (voiced by Jason Marsden ), who is also lame and unpopular to his teammates. A majority of these appearances try to emulate Chuck Jones' incarnation of the character. Daffy has also been given larger roles in more recent Looney Tunes films and series. Following Looney Tunes: Back in Action , Warner Bros. has slowly moved
6336-469: A rough start and Walt temporarily left for the Kansas City Film and Ad Co. to raise money for the fleeting company and Iwerks soon followed as he was unable to run the business alone. While working there he made commercials for local theaters using crude cut-out animation . Disney became fascinated by the art and decided to become an animator. He then borrowed a camera from work and rented a book from
6528-577: A series of toilet gags—it was meant to be a cruder cousin to plays like Waiting for Godot about the pointlessness of life. Other popular double acts in British sitcoms include complex relationships involving status and superiority themes: in Dad's Army , the social climbing envy of Captain George Mainwaring , to his right-hand man (Sergeant Arthur Wilson) who is of higher status than him; and in Red Dwarf ,
6720-485: A slow start as the Buddy cartoons failed to impress audiences as well as Palmer's inexperience as a director. Schlesinger would fire Palmer and hire Harman-Ising animator Friz Freleng and several others to run the studio instead. Buddy would later be phased out by 1935. A 1935 Merrie Melodie directed by Friz Freleng entitled I Haven't Got a Hat was the first screen appearance of Porky Pig . Also in 1935, Schlesinger hired
6912-439: A special preview screening with the music and sound effects being played live behind stage through a microphone. The Steamboat Willie test screening was a success and managed to gain a distributor, Celebrity Pictures chief Pat Powers . However, the first attempt to synchronize the sound with the animation was a disaster with the timing being all wrong. In order to finance the second recording, Walt sold his car. This time he used
7104-428: A stooge. Sometimes considered a derogatory term, "stooge" began to fall out of use by the 1930s with The Three Stooges . Most often the humor in a double act comes from the way the two personalities play off of each other, rather than from the individual players. In many successful acts the roles are interchangeable. The model for the modern double act began in the British music halls and the American vaudeville scene of
7296-464: A successful transition to radio and later TV via The Smothers Brothers and Rowan and Martin's Laugh In . In Britain, double acts were confined to theatres and radio until the late 1950s, when double acts such as Morecambe and Wise and Mike and Bernie Winters slowly began the transition to TV on variety shows such as Sunday Night at the London Palladium . These acts came into their own in
7488-542: A sympathetic light on Daffy's glory-seeking ways in one scene, where he complains that he works tirelessly without achieving what Bugs does without even trying. That same year, Warner Bros. cast him in a brand-new Duck Dodgers series. (It should be stressed that in this show, Duck Dodgers actually is Daffy Duck due to him being frozen in suspended animation in some unknown incident.) He had a cameo appearance in The Sylvester & Tweety Mysteries episode "When Granny Ruled
7680-460: A threat to the studio after a five-month strike occurred among Fleischer Studio workers in late 1937. Here the Fleischer's produced Gulliver's Travels which was released in 1939. It was a small success and encouraged the Fleischer's to produce more. In May 1941, the Fleischer's gave Paramount full ownership of the studio as collateral to pay off their debts left from the loans they obtained from
7872-561: A very popular radio show and podcast . Most of the most successful double acts in the early 2000s take their inspiration from the odder strain of double-act comedy spearheaded by Reeves and Mortimer. Matt Lucas and David Walliams , who had previously worked with Reeves and Mortimer, also took inspiration from the Two Ronnies. The Mighty Boosh also played with the formula but essentially remained traditional at their roots. Another popular current light entertainment / presenting comedy act
Daffy Duck - Misplaced Pages Continue
8064-557: Is Ant & Dec , who are a very basic yet effective example of a double act. In early 2012, comedians Keegan-Michael Key and Jordan Peele appeared in a sketch comedy TV show titled Key & Peele airing on Comedy Central . Many modern-day YouTube channels follow this format. Some examples include Smosh , Dan and Phil , the Game Grumps , and Rhett and Link of the YouTube channel Good Mythical Morning , In its British form,
8256-421: Is Superman , and at one point hallucinates he is a wizard. Daffy starred in the 3-D short Daffy's Rhapsody with Elmer Fudd that was originally set to premiere before Happy Feet Two but instead debuted prior to Journey 2: The Mysterious Island . The short features Daffy and Elmer in the first CG or 3-D depiction of these specific Looney Tunes characters. According to Matthew O'Callaghan, who directed
8448-589: Is barely noticeable in the early cartoons. In Daffy Duck & Egghead , Daffy does not lisp at all except in the separately drawn set-piece of Daffy singing " The Merry-Go-Round Broke Down " in which just a slight lisp can be heard. In The Scarlet Pumpernickel (1950), Daffy has a middle name, Dumas as the writer of a swashbuckling script, a nod to Alexandre Dumas . Also, in the Baby Looney Tunes episode "The Tattletale", Granny addresses Daffy as "Daffy Horatio Tiberius Duck". In The Looney Tunes Show (2011),
8640-413: Is determined to keep the mice away from a desperately needed well seemingly for no other motive than pure maliciousness. Furthermore, when he draws all the water he wants, Daffy then attempts to destroy the well in spite of the vicious pointlessness of the act, forcing Speedy to stop him. The Warner Bros. studio was entering its twilight years, and even Daffy had to stretch for humor in the period. In many of
8832-407: Is not always humorless, nor is it always the comic who provides the act's humor. Sometimes the straight man gets laughs through sarcastic reactions to the comic's antics, such as Stewart Lee 's deadpan , reasoned reactions to Richard Herring 's ridiculous antics in their pairing . When the straight man serves no specific comic purpose, but acts as a device to make the comic look good, he is known as
9024-450: Is often considered to be a factor that hastened the golden age's end. However, various authors include Hanna-Barbera's earliest animated series through 1962 as part of the golden age, with shows like Ruff and Reddy (1957), Huckleberry Hound (1958), Quick Draw McGraw (1959), The Flintstones (1960), Yogi Bear (1961), Top Cat (1961), Wally Gator (1962) and The Jetsons (1962). Several of these animated series were
9216-482: Is proud of is his paper-mache parade float, constructed on top of a flatbed truck , which is his main means of transportation. While Daffy's greed and jealousy of Bugs remains, he appears to be less antagonistic in this show, as Bugs even tells Daffy in spite of his faults, he is Bugs' best friend and vice versa. Daffy serves as a sort of mentor to Gossamer . Daffy has difficulty telling fiction from reality; he often confuses television shows for his own life, believes Bugs
9408-696: Is still considered to be the most successful animated short of all time, and also featured the hit song that became the anthem in fighting the Great Depression : " Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf ". In the Mickey Mouse series, he continued to add personality to his characters; this resulted in the creation of new characters such as Pluto with The Chain Gang in 1930, Goofy with Mickey's Revue in 1932 and Donald Duck in 1934 with The Wise Little Hen (under
9600-474: Is that it was modeled after producer Leon Schlesinger's tendency to lisp. However, in Mel Blanc's autobiography, That's Not All Folks! , he contradicts that conventional belief, writing, "It seemed to me that such an extended mandible would hinder his speech, particularly on words containing an s sound. Thus 'despicable' became 'des th- picable.'" Daffy's slobbery, exaggerated lisp was developed over time, and it
9792-750: Is voiced by Dee Bradley Baker . Daffy is often paired with Porky where Daffy will annoy and bedevil the pig, though occasionally Porky one ups Daffy. Daffy appears in Looney Tunes Cartoons , where he is voiced by Eric Bauza . Daffy appears in the preschool series Bugs Bunny Builders which currently airs on Cartoon Network 's Cartoonito block and HBO Max . Eric Bauza reprises his role. Dell Comics published several Daffy Duck comic books , beginning in Four Color Comics #457, #536, and #615 and then continuing as Daffy #4-17 (1956–59), then as Daffy Duck #18-30 (1959–62). The comic book series
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#17328590423699984-634: Is widely heralded as a classic of filmmaking for its illustration that a character's personality can be recognized independently of appearance, setting, voice, and plot. In 1999, the short was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry . When the Warner Bros. animation studio briefly outsourced cartoon production to DePatie-Freleng Enterprises (DFE) in the 1960s, Daffy Duck became an antagonist in several cartoons opposite Speedy Gonzales , who refers to Daffy as "the loco duck." In Well Worn Daffy (1965), Daffy
10176-516: The United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc. anti-trust case that year. It resulted in the shorts having to be produced in increasingly tighter budgets as time went on. Warner Bros. would also close their entire animation department in 1953 due to immense popularity of 3D film 's, but would reopen the following year after the end of the 3-D craze. Selzer retired in 1958, with production manager John W. Burton taking his place. David DePatie assumed
10368-532: The Attack on Pearl Harbor . Mr. Bug saw a very limited in the UK, California, and New York the following year, causing it to flop at the box office. Shortly after the film's poor box office, Dave Fleischer, still maintaining his position as co-chief of his studio, had left Fleischer Studios to run Columbia Pictures' Screen Gems cartoons. Due to this, Paramount Pictures had expelled Dave and Max Fleischer from their positions as
10560-578: The Crazy Horse in Paris . Noted by film producer Angelo Rizzoli , they renamed themselves Ric e Gian in 1962 and made their film debut in Ischia operazione amore (1966). Starting from the late 1960s, the couple gained popularity thanks to their participation in several prime time RAI variety shows. In the mid-1970s they focused on theatre, and between late 1970s and early 1980s their popularity revamped thanks to
10752-589: The Hopalong Cassidy character, throws Daffy into a Western with him labeled "Western-Type Hero" and Porky Pig labeled "Comedy Relief". In Duck Dodgers in the 24½th Century (1953), a parody of Buck Rogers , Daffy trades barbs (and bullets) with Marvin the Martian , with Porky Pig retaining the role of Daffy's sidekick. In Rocket Squad (1956), a parody of Dragnet and Racket Squad , Daffy and Porky Pig pair up once again. Daffy also played Stupor Duck ,
10944-552: The Merrie Melodies department, but left again in 1938, with his position soon taken by Chuck Jones . He returned in 1943 after McCabe was drafted into the army, but left again for the final time in late 1944 to direct live-action films. Robert McKimson , who has a extensive career at the studio up to that point, was appointed to director to replace Tashlin. Schlesinger sold his studio to Warner Bros. in August 1944, and Edward Selzer
11136-529: The Merrie Melodies department. The 1940 Academy Award-nominated cartoon A Wild Hare (directed by Avery) marked Bugs Bunny 's official debut, as well as his first pairing with Elmer Fudd (created by Chuck Jones that year). Bugs quickly replaced Daffy as the studio's top star. By 1942, Bugs had become the most popular cartoon character. Because of the success of Bugs, Daffy and Porky, the Schlesinger studio now had risen to new heights, and Bugs quickly became
11328-607: The Silly Symphony series). When Disney's contract with Technicolor expired, the Mickey Mouse series was moved into Technicolor starting with The Band Concert in 1935. In addition, Mickey was partially redesigned for Technicolor later that year. In 1937, Disney invented the multiplane camera , which gave an illusion of depth to the animated world. He first used this on the Academy Award-winning Silly Symphony cartoon The Old Mill . Much of Disney's work
11520-503: The Speaking with Animals series of shorts). Clampett would take over Avery's unit while Norman McCabe took over Clampett's black-and-white unit. By 1942, Warners' shorts had now surpassed Disney's in sales and popularity. Frank Tashlin also worked with Avery in the Merrie Melodies department. He began at Warners in 1933 as an animator but was fired and joined Iwerks in 1934. Tashlin returned to Warners in 1936, taking over direction of
11712-530: The United States . Feature-length animation began during this period, most notably with Disney's "Walt-era" films, spanning from 1937's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and 1940's Pinocchio to 1967's The Jungle Book and 1970's The Aristocats (last animated films produced before his death in 1966). During this period, several live-action films that included animation were made, such as Saludos Amigos (1942), Anchors Aweigh (1945), Song of
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#173285904236911904-712: The television age with Martin and Lewis , Kenan & Kel , Bob and Ray , the Smothers Brothers , Wayne and Shuster , Allen and Rossi , Jack Burns and Avery Schreiber , Rowan and Martin , Mike Nichols and Elaine May , the Wayans Brothers , Stewie Griffin and Brian Griffin from Family Guy and Shawn and Gus in Psych . The series I Love Lucy was known for its double acts, and Lucille Ball served as foil to both her husband Desi Arnaz and to Vivian Vance . Vance could also serve as foil to William Frawley when
12096-415: The 1950s and 1960s, the era is sometimes divided into a "silver age" due to the emergence of studios such as UPA , DePatie-Freleng Enterprises , Hanna-Barbera Cartoons , and Jay Ward Productions ; these companies' presence in the industry would grow significantly with the rise of television following the golden age's conclusion. Furthermore, the history of animation became very important artistically in
12288-521: The 1980 buddy movie of the same name. Gene Wilder and Richard Pryor also embarked on a string of successful buddy films in the 1970s. Cheech & Chong also gained massive popularity during this time. Occasionally, the straight-man/funny-man dynamic appeared in unexpected contexts between characters not normally thought of as comics. This often appeared in the James T. Kirk ( William Shatner )/ Mr. Spock ( Leonard Nimoy ) relationship in several episodes of
12480-483: The 24½th Century , One Froggy Evening , What's Opera, Doc? , (for McKimson) Walky Talky Hawky , Hillbilly Hare , Devil May Hare , The Hole Idea and Stupor Duck . Besides McKimson being promoted to director in the mid-1940s, Arthur Davis took over Clampett's unit in mid-1945 after abruptly leaving the studio. Clampett went to work on Beany and Cecil . Many of the studios most well known recurring characters would be created or restablished following
12672-557: The 60s, but also began dabbling into television production, such as co-producing the Popeye the Sailor TV series, The New Casper Cartoon Show and Felix the Cat . Their new theatrical cartoons at this time included Modern Madcaps , The Cat, Swifty and Shorty, and Comic Kings. Paramount would also distribute a handful of cartoons from Rembrandt Films , most notably a series of shorts featuring
12864-580: The Blustery Day was released two years later, while The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh was released in 1977. Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day also won the 1968 Academy Award for Animated Short Film . After Walt Disney's death, the animation department did not fully recover until the late 1980s and early 1990s with the Disney Renaissance . One of Walt Disney's main competitors was Max Fleischer ,
13056-581: The Cat , was eclipsed by Mickey's popularity and the studio closed in 1932. Merchandising based on Disney cartoons rescued a number of companies from bankruptcy during the depths of the Depression, and Disney took advantage of this popularity to move forward with further innovations in animation. In 1929, he launched a new series entitled the Silly Symphonies which was based around music with no recurring characters. However, they did not become as popular as
13248-411: The Cat. In February 1926, Disney built a larger studio at 2719 Hyperion Avenue and changed the name of the company to Walt Disney Cartoons. In November 1923, Winkler married Charles Mintz and handed over the business to him when she became pregnant a few months later. Mintz was often described as a cold, stern and ruthless chain-smoking tyrant; one employee remembered him as "a grim-faced man, with
13440-573: The Devil (1957). Friz Freleng's version took a hint from Chuck Jones to make the duck more sympathetic, as in the 1957 Show Biz Bugs . Here, Daffy is overemotional and jealous of Bugs, yet he has real talent that is ignored by the theater manager and the crowd. This cartoon finishes with a sequence in which Daffy attempts to wow the Bugs-besotted audience with an act in which he drinks gasoline and swallows nitroglycerine , gunpowder , and uranium -238 (in
13632-608: The Disney company produced a series of "modernized" adaptations of fairy tales including Little Red Riding Hood , The Four Musicians of Bremen , Jack and the Beanstalk , Jack the Giant Killer , Goldielocks and the Three Bears , Puss in Boots , Cinderella and Tommy Tucker's Tooth , the latter being mostly a live-action film about dental hygiene. None of these films turned
13824-556: The Earth", first airing on March 27, 1999. Daffy has also been featured in several webtoons , which can be viewed online. Daffy has also made appearances on numerous television series. In Tiny Toon Adventures , Daffy is a teacher at Acme Looniversity, where he is the hero and mentor of student Plucky Duck . He is shown as a baby in Baby Looney Tunes , and appears to have a similar personality to some of his earlier years with him being
14016-404: The Fleischer style and gloss, however animation fans and historians would note the studio's diverging tone after the end of the war, as the style was criticized for its highly formulaic story telling, lack of artistic ambition, unusually violent gags, and its overall appeal towards children rather than both kids and adults. By October 1956, Paramount took over the studio entirely, with the studio
14208-550: The Italian priest Don Camillo and Gino Cervi as Giuseppe 'Peppone' Bottazzi, the Communist Mayor of their rural town. The titles are: The Little World of Don Camillo (1952), The Return of Don Camillo (1953), Don Camillo's Last Round (1955), Don Camillo: Monsignor (1961), and Don Camillo in Moscow (1965). The movies were a huge commercial success in their native countries. In 1952, Little World of Don Camillo became
14400-552: The Lamb , Wolfie (Blackie's main rival), Casper the Friendly Ghost (created by Joe Oriolo and Seymour Reit from an unpublished children's book), Little Audrey (a character similar to and replaced Little Lulu), Herman and Katnip (A cat and mouse duel similar to Tom and Jerry ), Baby Huey and several other lesser known characters. Famous also revived Screen Songs , another series inherited from Fleischer's. The series
14592-474: The Mickey Mouse cartoon The Sorcerer's Apprentice in an attempt to recapture Mickey's popularity, which had sharply declined due to the popularity of Max Fleischer's Popeye and Disney's Donald Duck . In the Sorcerer's Apprentice , Mickey Mouse was redesigned by Fred Moore . This redesign of Mickey is still in use today. The short featured no dialogue, only music which was conducted by Leopold Stokowski . When
14784-463: The Mickey Mouse cartoon series. In 1930, after a falling-out with Powers, Disney switched distributors to Columbia Pictures . However, Ub Iwerks left Walt Disney after an offer from Powers to be in charge of his own studio. In 1932, Mickey Mouse had become an international sensation, but the Silly Symphonies had not. Columbia Pictures had backed out of its distribution of the series and Disney
14976-457: The Oswald series by himself. Walt refused, and Winkler Pictures dropped its distribution. While Disney was finishing the remaining cartoons for Mintz, Disney and his staff secretly came up with a new cartoon character to replace Oswald — Mickey Mouse . The inspiration for Mickey has never been clear. Walt Disney said that he came up with the idea on the train ride back to Los Angeles shortly after
15168-459: The Pooh (1977); since the short Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree (1966) was released during his lifetime and he was also involved in the production of Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day (1968). The animated musical comedy feature, The Jungle Book , and the live-action big-screen musical, The Happiest Millionaire , were released in 1967, a year after his death, and Winnie the Pooh and
15360-608: The Sailor Meets Sindbad the Sailor in 1936, Popeye the Sailor Meets Ali Baba's Forty Thieves in 1937, and Aladdin and His Wonderful Lamp in 1939. In 1938, after Disney's success with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs , Paramount had given the Fleischer's permission to produce an animated feature film and Fleischer studio relocated itself from New York to Miami, Florida in order to avoid organized unions, which became
15552-402: The Seven Dwarfs , the first American feature-length animated musical fantasy film. This was the culmination of four years of effort by Disney studios. Walt Disney was convinced that short cartoons would not keep his studio profitable in the long run, so he took what was seen as an enormous gamble. The critics predicted that Snow White would result in financial ruin for the studio. They said that
15744-451: The South (1946), Dangerous When Wet (1953), Mary Poppins (1964) and Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971), the last one being the last theatrical film to receive an Academy Award for their animated special effects. In addition, stop motion animation and special effects were also developed, with films such as King Kong (1933), The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms (1953), The War of
15936-498: The UK where successful acts have included Peter Cook and Dudley Moore (Cook's deadpan delivery contrasted with Moore's buffoonery), Flanagan and Allen , Morecambe and Wise and The Two Ronnies . The tradition is also present in the US with acts like Wheeler and Woolsey , Abbott and Costello , Gallagher and Shean , Burns and Allen , and Lyons and Yosco . The British-American comedy double act Laurel and Hardy has been described as
16128-701: The Warner acquisition. This included Tweety (1942), Pepé Le Pew (1945), Sylvester the Cat (1945), Yosemite Sam (1945), Foghorn Leghorn (1946), The Goofy Gophers (1947), Marvin the Martian (1948), Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner (1949), Granny (1950), Speedy Gonzales (1953), The Tasmanian Devil (1954), among others. Davis' unit was shut down in late 1947 by Warners due to budget issues, causing him to move to Freleng's unit to become one of his key animators. In 1948, Warners could no longer force theaters to buy their movies and shorts together as packages, due to
16320-646: The Worlds (1953), Hansel and Gretel: An Opera Fantasy (1954), 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1954), Forbidden Planet (1956), The 7th Voyage of Sinbad (1958), Jason and the Argonauts (1963) and 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968). Animation also began on television during this period with Crusader Rabbit (the first animated series broadcast in 1948 ) and early versions of Rocky and Bullwinkle (1959), both from Jay Ward Productions. The rise of television animation
16512-521: The Xerox resulted in films with a "sketchier" look and lacked the quality of the hand-inked films. According to Floyd Norman , who was working at Disney at the time, it felt like the end of an era. On December 15, 1966, Walt Disney died of lung cancer . The last films he was involved in were Mary Poppins (1964), The Jungle Book (1967), The Love Bug (1968), The Aristocats (1970), Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971) and The Many Adventures of Winnie
16704-515: The audience became famous—Laurel's cry and Hardy's downtrodden glances to the camera whenever something went wrong—and were carried over to their later talkies . They were one of the few silent acts who made a successful transition to spoken word pictures in the 1930s, showing themselves to be equally adept at verbal wordplay. In 1940 was the release of Laurel and Hardy's Saps at Sea , their final film for long-term producer and collaborator Hal Roach . Later their popularity declined. In 1940s America
16896-464: The biggest ever British comedy gig at Wembley Arena . With this came tension. Newman and Baddiel fell out with Punt and Dennis, not wishing to share screen time with them, and then with each other. David Baddiel went on to form another successful double act with Frank Skinner . The 1990s also saw the introduction of one of comedy's strangest yet most successful double acts in Reeves and Mortimer . They at
17088-462: The budget for the short grew very expensive, Stokowski suggested to Disney that it could be a feature film with other pieces of classical music matched to animation. Disney agreed and production started. Fantasia would also become the first commercial film to be released in stereophonic sound . However, like Pinocchio , Fantasia was not a financial success. Fantasia was also the first Disney film not to be received well, receiving mixed reviews from
17280-527: The cartoon Two By Two , a lampoon of Noah's Ark that not only included a clone of Warner's Daffy Duck , but was also accused of having anti-religious overtones. Post was replaced by James Culhane in late-1965, who wanted to make diversify the content the studio made at the time, but he too also left in 1967 due to growing conflicts with studio higher ups. Ex- Terrytoons animator Ralph Bakshi succeeded Culhane that year, and quickly put several shorts into production. But by that point, Paramount's new owners at
17472-425: The cartoons in the new CinemaScope format. However, the budget per short was nowhere near as high as it had been in the 1940s as Disney had been focusing more on live action, television, and feature animation and less on short animation. In 1953, shortly after the switch from RKO to Buena Vista, Disney released its final Mickey Mouse short, The Simple Things . From there, the studio produced fewer animated shorts by
17664-456: The character Nudnik , created by Gene Deitch . Kneitel's death in 1964 brought sudden changes to the studio as Paramount now had to look for new artists. Cartoonist Howard Post was initially placed as the studios primary director, and would create the Honey Halfwitch short series. However, Post's tenure was not successful, and even brought the ire of Paramount's board of directors with
17856-430: The character that have remained consistent through the years are his voice characterization by Mel Blanc ; and his black feathers with a white neck ring. Blanc's characterization of Daffy once held the world record for the longest characterization of one animated character by their original actor: 52 years. The origin of Daffy's voice, with its lateral lisp , is a matter of some debate. One often-repeated "official" story
18048-568: The closure of Laugh-O-Grams, Walt Disney worked as a freelance filmmaker before selling his camera for a one-way ticket to Los Angeles. Once arriving he moved in with his Uncle Robert and his brother Roy, who was recovering at a nearby government hospital from tuberculosis he had suffered during the war. After failing to get a job as a director of live-action films he sent the unfinished Alice's Wonderland reel to short-subjects distributor Margaret J. Winkler of Winkler Pictures in New York. Winkler
18240-657: The collaboration of Enzo Jannacci ), and they had several commercial hits; their most successful song is "E la vita la vita", which reached the first place at the Italian charts in 1974. Ric e Gian met in an avanspettacolo at the Teatro Maffei in Turin, where Ric worked as a dancer and Gian was the sidekick of the actor Mario Ferrero. They then decided to performing together as Jerry e Fabio and worked in various theaters, nights and cabarets in Northern Italy as well as at
18432-458: The colors would be too bright for the audience and they would get sick of the gags and leave. However, the critics were proven wrong. Snow White was a worldwide box office success, and was universally acclaimed as a landmark in the development of animation as a serious art form. After the success of Snow White , Disney went on to produce Pinocchio , which was released in 1940. However, costing twice as much to make as Snow White , Pinocchio
18624-570: The conditions happen. Bugs's ascension to stardom also prompted the Warner Bros. animators to recast Daffy as the rabbit's rival, intensely jealous, insecure and determined to steal back the spotlight, while Bugs either remained cool headed but mildly amused and/or indifferent to the duck's jealousy and/or used it to his advantage. Daffy's desire to achieve stardom at almost any cost was explored as early as 1940 in Freleng's You Ought to Be in Pictures , but
18816-435: The confrontation with Mintz, but other records say that he came up with the idea after he returned to the studio. Walt Disney once said that he was inspired by a pet mouse he once had at the old Laugh-O-Grams studio, but more commonly said that he chose a mouse because a mouse had never been the central character of a cartoon series before. In 1928, Plane Crazy became the first entry into the Mickey Mouse series; however, it
19008-445: The country in imitation of Mickey's fan clubs; in 1935, polls showed that Popeye was even more popular than Mickey Mouse. However, during the early 1930s, stricter censorship rules enforced by the new Production Code in 1934 required animation producers to remove risqué humor. The Fleischer's, in particular, had to tone down the content of their Betty Boop cartoons, which waned in popularity afterwards. The Fleischer's also had produced
19200-426: The couple split in order to pursue solo projects. Ficarra e Picone started in 1993 along with Salvatore Borrello as a comedy trio, performing together on stage as "Chiamata Urbana Urgente". In 1998, the two remaining members began to use their surnames: Ficarra & Picone. In 2000, Ficarra e Picone made their film debut with Ask Me If I'm Happy by Aldo, Giovanni & Giacomo , and two years later they made
19392-459: The course of these four decades, the quality of the media released throughout the golden age has often been debated. The peak of this era is usually cited as during the 1930s and 1940s, attributed to the theatrical run of studios including Walt Disney Animation Studios , Warner Bros. Cartoons , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Cartoons , Paramount Cartoon Studios , Walter Lantz Productions , Terrytoons , and Fleischer Studios . In later decades, namely between
19584-449: The critics. It was looked down upon by music critics and audiences, who felt that Walt Disney was striving for something beyond his reach by trying to introduce mainstream animation to abstract art, classical music, and "elite" subjects. However, the film would be reevaluated in later years and considered an animated masterpiece. In 1941, in order to compensate for the relative poor box office of Pinocchio and Fantasia , Disney produced
19776-541: The cult success of The Mighty Boosh . For the relationship between the two main characters this series uses a formula very similar to that between Sid and Tony in Hancock's Half Hour – that of an arrogant character whose best friend can see his faults and keeps him grounded. A similar dynamic is used in Peep Show in which the characters of Mitchell and Webb were adapted for the sitcom formula. In this case both characters have
19968-549: The directors still found ample use for Daffy. Several cartoons place him in parodies of popular movies and radio serials; Porky Pig was usually a comic relief sidekick. For example, Daffy in The Great Piggy Bank Robbery (1946) as "Duck Twacy" ( Dick Tracy ) by Bob Clampett; in The Scarlet Pumpernickel (1950), Daffy was the hero and Porky Pig was the villain. In Drip-Along Daffy (1951), named after
20160-576: The double act remained a cinema draw, developing into the "buddy movie " genre, with Abbott and Costello making the transition from stage to screen and the first of Bob Hope and Bing Crosby 's Road to... series in 1940. Further acts followed. For example, the first pairing of Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis occurred in 1946. About the same time The Bickersons became popular on radio. Mel Brooks and Carl Reiner started their 2000 Year Old Man recordings and subsequent television appearances in 1961. The genre has continued to exist in cinema while making
20352-599: The double act, with Tamil cinema comedians Goundamani and Senthil teaming up for several films throughout the decade, similarly Kota Srinivasa Rao and Babu Mohan in Telugu cinema . The British duo Mitchell and Webb are another successful double act from the 2000s onwards, having multiple sketch shows on both radio and TV as well as starring in the award-winning sitcom Peep Show . For over 20 years, Australians Hamish Blake and Andy Lee have worked together as Hamish & Andy , having multiple successful TV shows and
20544-525: The double although it is more formulaic. Here there is a distinguished straight man ( tsukkomi ) and funny man ( boke ) and the humor consists of quick slapstick jokes, comical stories and social misunderstandings. In Germany Tünnes and Schäl (since 1803/1850s), two Cologne puppet theater characters, fit to the concept of fool and straight man. During WWII Tran and Helle appeared in a number of short films to deter Germans from actions detrimental to Germany's war effort or security. Between 1950 and 1980,
20736-422: The end of 1953, instead of renewing it as usual, Disney was concerned about the instability of RKO (due to owner Howard Hughes ' increasingly erratic control of the studio) and started distributing films through the newly created Buena Vista Distribution subsidiary. This allowed a higher budget for shorts and features than the last few years of cartoons made for RKO dictated, which made it possible to make some of
20928-527: The end of the war in 1945, Disney struggled to restart his studio, and had a low amount of cash on hand. Further Disney feature films of the 1940s were modestly budgeted collections of animated short segments put together to make a feature film. These began with Saludos Amigos in 1942 and continued during the war with The Three Caballeros in 1944 and after the war with Make Mine Music in 1946, Fun and Fancy Free in 1947, Melody Time in 1948, and The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad in 1949. For
21120-399: The expensive Superman cartoons in 1943, instead adapting Marge's Little Lulu comic strip to theaters. Famous Studios continued to produce Popeye cartoons, which shifted to color in 1943 as well as creating Noveltoons , an anthology short series similar to Fleischer's Color Classics . The Noveltoons shorts series introduced many of Famous' recurring characters such as Blackie
21312-586: The feature films Mickey and the Beanstalk , Bongo , and Wind in the Willows , he condensed them into the package films Fun and Fancy Free and The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad since Walt feared that the low-budget animation would not become profitable. The most ambitious Disney film of this period was the 1946 film Song of the South , a musical film blending live-action and animation which drew criticism in later years for accusations of racial stereotyping . In 1950, Disney produced Cinderella . Cinderella
21504-417: The film Appuntamento a Ischia . They remained active until 1984 when their last film together, Kaos , was shot, although there were some interruptions in 1973 and from 1975 to 1980. Together, they appeared in 112 films. They acted in films certainly made in a short time and with few means, such as those shot with director Marcello Ciorciolini , sometimes even making a dozen films in a year, often without
21696-471: The film went over budget, costing $ 6 million, and the film failed to make back its expenditure. The studio was in serious debt and had to cut the cost of animation. In 1960, this resulted in Disney switching to xerography , that replaced the traditional hand-inking . First feature films that used Xerox cels were 101 Dalmatians (1961) and The Sword in the Stone (1963) which were box-office successes. However,
21888-441: The film would be hailed as one of Disney's greatest classics, making millions in subsequent theatrical and home video releases. In 1953, he released Peter Pan , which, like Alice in Wonderland , had been in production since the late 1930s/early 1940s and was shelved during the war. However unlike Alice , Peter Pan was a big success both critically and financially on its first release. When Disney's contract with RKO expired at
22080-418: The film, Daffy (utilizing his original, wacky characterization) shares a scene with his Disney counterpart Donald Duck whilst performing in a piano duel . In 1987, to celebrate Daffy's 50th anniversary, Warner Bros. released "The Duxorcist" as its first theatrical Looney Tunes short in two decades. Daffy Duck also appeared in several feature-film compilations, including two films centering on Daffy. The first
22272-468: The first film as main actors, Nati stanchi . On 25 April 2005, Ficarra and Picone were the TV anchor-men four episodes of Striscia la notizia to which they collaborated from 27 March 2006 up to 5 December 2020. In 2007 they debuted as directors alongside Gianbattista Avellino with the film Il 7 e l'8 , for which they were nominated to David di Donatello for Best New Director and to Silver Ribbon in
22464-427: The first of which being Seal Island (1948). As a result, Walt Disney was needed on several different units at one time and was spending less time on animation. In 1951, he released Alice in Wonderland , a project he had been working on since the late 1930s, though it was shelved during the war. Alice in Wonderland was initially moderately successful and received mixed reviews from the critics. A few decades later,
22656-416: The first time on TV in A modo mio , directed by Memo Remigi . In the 1980s, the couple starred and co-starred in several comedy films which were usually badly received by critics but of commercial success. The same period, their presence on the small screen also became more intense, especially on Fininvest variety shows and television films. In the 1990s, having reached a more than respectable success,
22848-540: The first to win Emmy Awards for their contribution to American television. Other Hanna-Barbera productions related to the golden age were Wacky Races (1968) and the theatrical animations with Columbia Pictures , such as Loopy De Loop (1959) and the feature films released between 1964 and 1966. Walt Disney had decided to become a newspaper cartoonist drawing political caricatures and comic strips. However, nobody would hire Disney, so his older brother Roy , who
23040-463: The gag-man/straight-man concept, "Stoner" duos like Cheech & Chong , Jay & Silent Bob , and Harold & Kumar have also proven quite popular with audiences. The double act format can also be used in presenting noncomedic information in an entertaining manner, such as Savage / Hyneman pair of the Discovery Channel's MythBusters (which Savage stated was unintentional when they began
23232-483: The grain as turned their double act into a complex analysis of their relationship. In many of the sketches (especially the Pete and Dud exchanges) Cook played the domineering know-it-all (who knows nothing) and Moore the put-upon dimwit (who also knows nothing). This dominance was accentuated by the difference in height between the two, and the speed of Cook's mind, which meant that he could ad lib and force Moore to corpse in
23424-480: The hapless Elmer Fudd into repeatedly shooting the duck's bill off. Also, these cartoons reveal Daffy's catchphrase, "Youuu're deththpicable!" Jones' Daffy sees himself as self-preservationist, not selfish. However, this Daffy can do nothing that does not backfire on him, more likely to singe his tail feathers as well as his ego and pride than anything. It is thought that Chuck Jones based Daffy Duck's new personality on his fellow animator Bob Clampett , who, like Daffy,
23616-511: The head of Fleischer Studios , which produced cartoons for Paramount Pictures . Fleischer Studios was a family-owned business, operated by Max Fleischer and his younger brother Dave Fleischer , who supervised the production of the cartoons. The Fleischer's scored successful hits with the Betty Boop cartoons and the Popeye the Sailor series. Popeye's popularity during the 1930s rivaled Mickey Mouse at times, and Popeye fan clubs sprang up across
23808-428: The head of the cartoon studio. Following the resignation of the Fleischer's, Paramount renamed the studio to Famous Studios and continued where the brothers left off. Three top staff members, Isadore Sparber , Seymour Kneitel and Dan Gordon (who was later replaced by Bill Tytla after Gordon left the studio) were placed as directors, while Sam Buchwald was placed to executive producer. Paramount also discontinued
24000-483: The highest-grossing film in both Italy and France, while The Return of Don Camillo was the second most popular film of 1953 at the Italian and French box office. Franco and Ciccio were a comedy duo formed by Italian actors Franco Franchi (1928–1992) and Ciccio Ingrassia (1922–2003), particularly popular in the 1960s and 1970s. Their collaboration began in 1954 in the theater field, and ended with Franchi's death in 1992. The two made their cinema debuts in 1960 with
24192-417: The idea was most successfully used by Chuck Jones , who redesigned the duck once again, making him scrawnier and scruffier. In Jones' "Hunting Trilogy" (or "Duck Season/Rabbit Season Trilogy") of Rabbit Fire , Rabbit Seasoning and Duck! Rabbit, Duck! (each respectively launched in 1951, 1952, and 1953), Daffy's attention-grabbing ways and excitability provide Bugs Bunny the perfect opportunity to fool
24384-433: The joke middle names "Armando" and "Sheldon" are used. Tex Avery and Bob Clampett created the original version of Daffy in 1937. Daffy established his status by jumping into the water, hopping around, and yelling, "Woo-hoo!" Animator Bob Clampett immediately seized upon the Daffy Duck character and cast him in a series of cartoons in the 1930s and 1940s. The early Daffy is a wild and zany screwball, perpetually bouncing around
24576-879: The late 1940s until upper management decreed there should be only three units (McKimson, Friz Freleng , and Jones), presented a Daffy similar to McKimson's. McKimson is noted as the last of the three units to make his Daffy uniform with Jones's, with even late shorts, such as Don't Axe Me (1958), featuring traits of the "screwball" Daffy. Starting in You Were Never Duckier , Daffy's personality evolved to be from being less loony and more greedy. While Daffy's looney days were over, McKimson continued to make him as bad or good as his various roles required him to be. McKimson would use this Daffy from 1946 to 1961. Although, even McKimson would follow in Jones' footsteps in many aspects with cartoons like People Are Bunny (1959) and Ducking
24768-506: The late 1970s, it was Cook whose career stalled due to boredom, alcoholism and lack of ambition, while Moore went on to become one of Hollywood's most unlikely leading men. The double act has become a popular theme in British sitcoms . One of the earliest examples of this was the relationship between Tony Hancock and Sid James in the Galton and Simpson series Hancock's Half Hour . James played
24960-434: The late 19th century. Here, the straight man was needed to repeat the lines of the comic because audiences were noisy. A dynamic soon developed in which the straight man was a more integral part of the act, setting up jokes for the comic to deliver a punch line. Popular draws included acts like George Burns and Gracie Allen (who initially operated with Burns as the comic but quickly switched roles when Gracie's greater appeal
25152-403: The later DFE cartoons, such as Feather Finger and Daffy's Diner , Daffy is portrayed as a more sympathetic character (often forced to turn against Speedy at the behest of a common enemy) rather than the full-blown villain he is in cartoons like Well Worn Daffy and Assault and Peppered . The last cartoon featuring Daffy and Speedy is See Ya Later Gladiator , in what animation fans call
25344-427: The local library called Animated Cartoons: How They Are Made, Their Origin and Development by Edwin G. Lutz and decided that cel animation would produce better quality and decided to open up his own animation studio. Disney then teamed up with Fred Harman and made their first film, The Little Artist which was nothing more than an artist (Disney) taking a cigarette break at his work desk. Harman soon dropped out of
25536-399: The mid- to late-1960s. When Morecambe and Wise teamed up with writer Eddie Braben , they began to redefine what was meant by a double act, with Wise, the straight man, being developed into a comic character in his own right. They provided the link between music hall and modern comedy for double acts. As the two leading double acts of the day, Morecambe and Wise and the Winters brothers enjoyed
25728-653: The more gentle humour of Morecambe and Wise and The Two Ronnies. In fact, Smith and Jones showed blatant disregard for their predecessors, openly mocking the Two Ronnies (this may have been a factor in Ronnie Barker 's decision to retire from comedy in the late 1980s ). The early 1990s saw comedy become "the new rock and roll" in Britain and this was inherent in the work of Newman and Baddiel and Punt and Dennis on The Mary Whitehouse Experience . Newman and Baddiel, in particular, symbolized this rock and roll attitude by playing
25920-706: The most popular double act of the 1970s was the Italian duo Terence Hill and Bud Spencer . The team had already made three straight westerns together during the 1960s but turned their act towards slapstick in their fourth ( They Call Me Trinity , 1970), with massive success. Light entertainment in Britain in the 1970s was dominated by Morecambe and Wise, who enjoyed impressive ratings, especially on their Christmas specials. Although Mike and Bernie Winters's popularity declined, The Two Ronnies' success grew while Peter Cook and Dudley Moore sporadically produced acclaimed work, in particular, their controversial recordings as Derek and Clive from 1976 to 1978. The mid-to-late 1970s saw
26112-402: The most popular in the world. Humor is often derived from the uneven relationship between two partners, usually of the same gender, age, ethnic origin, and profession but drastically different in terms of personality or behavior; each one serves as a foil to the other. One member of the duo—the " straight man ", "feed", "dead wood", or stooge—is often portrayed as reasonable and serious, while
26304-481: The new name Leon Schlesinger Productions . Animator Tom Palmer created a Bosko clone known as Buddy and answered to Walt Disney's use of color in the Silly Symphonies cartoons in 1934, and began making all future Merrie Melodies cartoons in color. However, since Walt Disney had an exclusive deal with Technicolor, Schlesinger was forced to use Cinecolor and Two Strip Technicolor until 1935 when Disney's contract with Technicolor had expired. The new studio had
26496-486: The notice on October 15, he convinced Roy to leave the hospital and help him set up his business. The next day, on October 16, 1923, Disney Bros. Cartoon Studio opened its doors at a small rented office two blocks away from his uncle's house with Roy managing business and Walt handling creative affairs. He convinced Virginia Davis's parents which caused the first official Alice short, Alice's Day at Sea , to be released on January 1, 1924; delayed by eleven days. Ub Iwerks
26688-429: The original Star Trek series. Morecambe and Wise had dominated British light entertainment throughout the 1970s, but their presence waned in the early 1980s. When Morecambe died moments after finishing a solo show in 1984 (his last words were 'I'm glad that's over'), the best-loved double act in British comedy came to an end, and several new acts emerged. The two distinct groups could not have been more different. In
26880-405: The other one—the funny man, "banana man", or comic—is portrayed as funny, less educated or less intelligent, silly, or unorthodox. When the audience identifies primarily with one character, the other is often referred to as a comic foil. The term "feed" comes from the way a straight man sets up jokes and then "feeds" them to his partner. Despite the names often given to the roles, the straight man
27072-582: The role as producer in 1960 after Burton also left the studio. After more than two decades at the top, Warner Bros. shut down the original Termite Terrace studio in 1963 and DePatie-Freleng Enterprises assumed production of the shorts, licensed by Warner Bros. Most of the Looney Tune characters were retired from theaters, including Warner's biggest star, Bugs Bunny. Daffy Duck, however, would still appear in theatrical cartoons, mostly paired with Speedy Gonzales. Double act A double act (also known as
27264-429: The role of "comic" and "straight man" in a less obvious, largely interchangeable way or are dispensed with altogether. More obvious British examples of the comic-feed dynamic are Cannon and Ball , Little and Large or the children's entertainers The Chuckle Brothers , where the straight man acted largely as a humourless set up for the comic. Peter Cook and Dudley Moore were perhaps the first double act to go against
27456-491: The same category. Also in 2007 they were featured as comic characters in the story Zio Paperone e il rapimento teatrale (trad. Uncle Scrooge and the Theatrical Kidnapping ), published in the issue 2678 of Topolino . In China , xiangsheng (also known as crosstalk) is a traditional comedic performance usually in the form of a dialogue between two performers. In Japan the manzai tradition parallels that of
27648-446: The same decade introduced to the world the inimitable team of Laurel and Hardy . The pair had never worked together on stage (they did as of 1940), though both had worked in vaudeville— Stan Laurel with Charlie Chaplin as part of Fred Karno 's Army and Oliver Hardy as a singer. Laurel could loosely be described as the comic, though the pair were one of the first not to fit the mold in the way that many double acts do, with both taking
27840-414: The same time deconstructed light entertainment and paid homage to many of the classic double acts (Vic Reeves would even do an Eric Morecambe impression on Vic Reeves Big Night Out ). They simultaneously used very bizarre, idiosyncratic humour and traditional double act staples (in later years they became increasingly reliant on violent slapstick). Another double act that emerged in the mid to late 1990s
28032-503: The screen with cries of "Hoo-hoo! Hoo-hoo!" (In his autobiography, Mel Blanc stated that the zany demeanor was inspired by Hugh Herbert 's catchphrase, which was taken to a wild extreme for Daffy.) Daffy would also feature in several war-themed shorts during World War II , remaining true to his unbridled nature. He battles a Nazi goat intent on eating Daffy's scrap metal in Scrap Happy Daffy (1943), hits Adolf Hitler 's head with
28224-761: The series but naturally grew into a double act as the result of their own conflicting personalities). From 2006 to 2010, Apple used the double-act formula successfully in its popular series of I'm a Mac/And I'm a PC ads with John Hodgman and Justin Long . In Italy the tradition was more popular in the late part of the 20th century with Battaglia & Miseferi , Cochi e Renato , Ficarra e Picone , Fichi d'India , Gigi e Andrea , Katia & Valeria , Lillo & Greg , Pio e Amedeo , and Ric e Gian . Cochi e Renato were childhood friends, and they grew accustomed to perform together in front of an audience of friends and relatives. Their professional debut took place in 1965 in
28416-593: The series. Under producer Leon Schlesinger 's guidance, Harman-Ising Productions created Looney Tunes (the title being variation on Disney's award-winning Silly Symphonies ) starring their character Bosko . A second Harman-Ising series, Merrie Melodies , followed in 1931. Both series showed the strong influence of the early Disney movies. After disputes over money, Harman-Ising parted ways with Schlesinger (who rejected their demands for raised budgets) in 1933, taking Bosko with them to work with Metro Goldwyn Mayer . Schlesinger began his own cartoon operation under
28608-483: The short, lead animator Bob Clampett elaborated the exit of the Duck character by having him jump up and down on his head, flip around and holler off into the sunset. This created the character of Daffy Duck . After Daffy was created, he would add even more success to Warner Bros. cartoons and replaced Porky Pig as the studio's most popular animated character, and Bob Clampett took over Termite Terrace, while Tex Avery took over
28800-505: The short, the audio comes from a 1950s recording for a children's album. Daffy is performing in a hunting musical, when Elmer, who is in the audience, pursues him. Daffy is initially unaware of the danger, but quickly realizes the threat Elmer poses and outwits him by using the props against him. Daffy appeared in the 2015 DTV movie Looney Tunes: Rabbits Run . Daffy appears in the Cartoon Network series New Looney Tunes where he
28992-655: The situation required. Vance and Ball would again serve as a double act in their next series The Lucy Show . More recently, the model has been largely supplanted by that of the " buddy movie " genre, which has introduced several notable comedy partnerships not formally billed as a single "act" in the traditional manner. The earliest example of such a team may have been Bob Hope and Bing Crosby ; later examples include Gene Wilder and Richard Pryor , Burt Reynolds and Dom DeLuise , Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi , Corey Haim and Corey Feldman , David Spade and Chris Farley and child stars Drake Bell and Josh Peck . Based on
29184-581: The small cabaret club Cab 64 in Milan , where they performed along with Lino Toffolo and Bruno Lauzi . They were also joined by Enzo Jannacci and Felice Andreasi with whom they formed the comedy ensemble Motore, who had a good success in Milan. The couple became first known in the late 1960s thanks to the RAI innovative variety shows Quelli della domenica (1968) and È domenica, ma senza impegno (1969). Characterized by
29376-507: The spotlight away from Bugs and more towards Daffy, as shown in the 2006 direct-to-video movie Bah, Humduck! A Looney Tunes Christmas , where Daffy plays the lead, while Bugs appears in a minor supporting role. However, more recent merchandise of the duck, as well as that featured on the official website, have been shown to incorporate elements of the zanier, more light-hearted Daffy of the 1930s and 1940s. Producer Larry Doyle noted that recent theatrical cartoons were planned that would portray
29568-407: The star of the color Merrie Melodies cartoons, which had previously been used for one-shot character appearances. Avery would leave Warner Bros. in 1941 and moved to MGM after having a feud with Scheshinger in regard to the ending of The Heckling Hare and the rejection for an idea of a short series of live action animals with animated mouths (which he later sold to Paramount Pictures to create
29760-564: The studio to make unsuccessful cartoons like Stone Age , Gabby , and Color Classics . However, they still maintained their positions as heads of their studio's production. Under Paramount rule, the Fleischers' brought Popeye into the Navy and contributed to the war effort, and would gain more success by beginning a series of spectacular Superman cartoons (the first of which was nominated for an Oscar) that have become legendary in themselves. Despite
29952-514: The subject of study. The huge success with the public is evidenced by the box office earnings, which in the 1960s, represented 10% of the annual earnings in Italy. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the traditional formula was shunned by The Two Ronnies , who completely dispensed with the need for a straight man, and Peter Cook and Dudley Moore , two Oxbridge -educated comedians who used the double act to deliver satire and edgy comedy. Internationally
30144-527: The success Superman gave the studio, a major blow to the studio would occur when the married Dave started having an adulterous affair with the Miami secretary. This led to many disputes between the Fleischer Brothers until Max and Dave were no longer speaking to each other. Later that year, Paramount planned to release their next film, Mr. Bug Goes to Town , for Christmas, but was presumably postponed after
30336-437: The things we're afraid to express." This is evident in Jones' Duck Amuck (1953), "one of the few unarguable masterpieces of American animation" according to Schneider. In the episode, Daffy is plagued by a godlike animator whose malicious paintbrush alters the setting, soundtrack, and even Daffy. When Daffy demands to know who is responsible for the changes, the camera pulls back to reveal none other than Bugs Bunny. Duck Amuck
30528-448: The three-strip process in animated films—no other studio was permitted to use it. However, he withheld making Mickey Mouse in color because he thought that Technicolor might boost the Silly Symphonies' popularity. By 1932, Walt Disney had realized the success of animated films depended upon telling emotionally gripping stories that would grab the audience and not let go. This realization led to an important innovation around 1932–1933:
30720-496: The time, Gulf+Western , began the process to shutdown the cartoon studio. The shutdown was completed by December. In 1929, former Disney animators Hugh Harman and Rudolf Ising made a cartoon entitled Bosko, the Talk-Ink Kid , and tried to sell it to a distributor in 1930. Warner Bros. who had previously tried an unsuccessful attempt to set up a cartoon studio in New York in order to compete with Disney, agreed to distribute
30912-496: The transition to movies and disappeared. By the 1920s, double acts were beginning to attract worldwide fame more readily through the silent era . The comedy was not derived from "cross-talk" or clever verbal exchanges, but through slapstick routines and the actions of the characters. The first double act to gain worldwide fame through film was the Danish duo Ole & Axel , who made their first film together in 1921. The latter half of
31104-629: The two actors would usually be composed of a "straight man" or "feed" and a "comic", the purpose of the feed is to set up jokes for the comic. This would rely heavily on comic timing. Morecambe and Wise are arguably the quintessential British double act. They followed the traditional formula with Eric Morecambe as the comic and Ernie Wise as the feed. Other British acts such as The Two Ronnies , Hale and Pace , Vic and Bob , French and Saunders , Mitchell and Webb , Fry and Laurie , Ant & Dec , Punt and Dennis , Lee and Herring , Armstrong and Miller , Peacock and Gamble and Dick and Dom display
31296-502: The venture, but Disney was able to strike a deal with local theater owner Frank L. Newman and animated a cartoon all by himself entitled Newman Laugh-O-Grams screened in roughly February 1921. Walt then quit his job at the film and ad company and incorporated Laugh-O-Gram Films in May 1922, and hired former advertising colleagues as unpaid "students" of animation including Ub Iwerks and Fred Harman's brother, Hugh Harman . Throughout 1922,
31488-450: The wake of Not the Nine O'Clock News , The Young Ones and the breakthrough onto television of " alternative comedy " came French and Saunders ; Fry and Laurie ; Rik Mayall and Ade Edmondson ; Hale and Pace ; and Smith and Jones . These edgier comics were brasher and crude—comedy's answer to punk rock . They developed the satire and vulgarity of Peter Cook and Dudley Moore rather than
31680-504: The war effort. The war (along with the strike) shook Walt Disney's empire, as the US Army had seized Disney's studio as soon as the US entered World War II in December 1941. As a result, Disney put the feature films Alice in Wonderland (1951), Peter Pan (1953), Wind in the Willows (1949), Song of the South (1946), Mickey and the Beanstalk (1947) and Bongo (1947) on hold until
31872-412: The war was over. The only feature film that was allowed to continue production was Bambi , which was released in 1942. Bambi was groundbreaking in terms of animating animals realistically. However, due to the war, Bambi failed at the box-office and received mixed reviews from the critics. This failure was to be short-lived as it grossed a considerable amount of money in the 1947 re-release. Disney
32064-489: The working class everyman Dave Lister to the middle class but socially-awkward Arnold Rimmer . However, the most prominent double act is that of an intelligent person and his inferior sidekick, such as Basil and Manuel of Fawlty Towers , Blackadder and Baldrick of Blackadder , or Ted and Father Dougal of the Irish sitcom Father Ted . In recent years, double acts as sitcoms appear to have gone full circle, as illustrated by
32256-461: The worst cartoon made by Warner Bros. In light of the longstanding popularity of The Bugs Bunny Show and its various incarnations on CBS and ABC, NBC commissioned their own half-hour series, The Daffy Duck Show , which began airing in the fall of 1978. While some well-known titles were included in the program, most of the cartoons featured on the series were from the late '60s Depatie-Freleng run. The program ran on NBC for two years, then in 1981
32448-624: The year until the animated shorts division was eventually closed in 1956. After that, any future short cartoon work was done through the feature animation division until 1969. The last Disney animated short of the golden age of American animation, the Oscar-winning It's Tough to Be a Bird! , was released in 1969. In 1955, Disney created Lady and the Tramp , the first animated film in CinemaScope . Upon building Disneyland in 1955, Walt Disney regained
32640-485: Was Lee & Herring , who combined a classic clash of personalities (downbeat and rational Lee contrasting with energetic, childish Herring) with very ironic, often satirical humour. Also appearing in the latter half of the decade were Adam and Joe , whose low-budget, self-produced Channel 4 series The Adam and Joe Show was a very sharp combination of TV and movie parodies and satirical looks at various elements of youth culture. Indian cinema also had its share of
32832-523: Was a period in the history of U.S. animation that began with the popularization of sound synchronized cartoons in 1928 and gradually ended in the 1960s when theatrical animated shorts started to lose popularity to the newer medium of television. Animated media from after the golden age, especially on television , were produced on cheaper budgets and with more limited techniques between the late 1950s and 1980s. Many popular and famous animated cartoon characters emerged from this period, including: Over
33024-434: Was an enormous success, becoming the highest-grossing film of 1950, and became Disney's most successful film since Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Disney's first single-narrative feature film to be entirely animated since Bambi , as films in the interim involved some live-action. Disney's company started to diversify, producing live-action feature films beginning with Treasure Island (1950) and nature documentaries ,
33216-410: Was directed by Tex Avery and animated by Bob Clampett . Porky's Duck Hunt is a standard hunter/prey pairing, but Daffy (barely more than an unnamed bit player in this short) was something new to moviegoers: an assertive, completely unrestrained, combative protagonist. Clampett later recalled: This early Daffy is less anthropomorphic and resembles a normal black duck . In fact, the only aspects of
33408-495: Was distributing both the Felix the Cat and Out of the Inkwell cartoons at the time, but the Fleischer brothers were about to leave to set up their own distribution company, Red Seal Films , and Felix producer Pat Sullivan was constantly fighting with Winkler; therefore Winkler agreed to distribute Disney's Alice Comedies as sort of an insurance policy. Once Walt Disney received
33600-436: Was downsized and renamed to Paramount Cartoon Studios. The following year, the studio ended Popeye's theatrical run, with Spooky Swabs (directed by Sparber, who died the next year) being the last short of the series. Further perpetuated were the more strict budgets, forcing the studio use limited animation techniques comparable to television animation at the time. Paramount would continue to release theatrical cartoons into
33792-427: Was harshly denied by Mintz, who pointed out that in the contract Mintz had signed with Universal, it was Universal—not Disney—that owned the rights to the character. Mintz revealed to Disney that he had hired most of his staff away from the studio (except for Ub Iwerks, Les Clark and Wilfred Jackson who refused to leave) and threatened that unless he took a 20 per cent budget decrease, he would drop Disney and continue
33984-415: Was heavily influenced by European stories and myths, and the work of illustrators such as Doré and Busch . Also in 1937, Disney changed distributors for the Silly Symphonies to RKO Radio Pictures , remaining with this distributor until the early 1950s, when they were re-issued and re-released by Disney's new distribution company, Buena Vista Distribution . In 1937, Walt Disney produced Snow White and
34176-749: Was in turn named the new producer. By this time, Warner cartoons' top directors of the 1940s were Friz Freleng , Chuck Jones , Bob Clampett and Robert McKimson . Their cartoons are now considered classics of the medium. They directed some of the most beloved animated shorts of all time, including (for Clampett) Porky in Wackyland , Wabbit Twouble , A Corny Concerto , The Great Piggy Bank Robbery , The Big Snooze , (for Freleng) You Ought to Be in Pictures , Rhapsody in Rivets , Little Red Riding Rabbit , Birds Anonymous , Knighty Knight Bugs , (for Jones) Rabbit Fire , Duck Amuck , Duck Dodgers in
34368-457: Was known as a loud self-promoter. In Beanstalk Bunny Daffy, Bugs and Elmer are once again teamed up in a parody of Jack and the Beanstalk (with Elmer as the giant); in A Star Is Bored Daffy tries to upstage Bugs Bunny; while in the spoofs of the TV shows The Millionaire and This Is Your Life , The Million Hare Daffy tries to defeat his arch-rival Bugs Bunny for a $ 1,000,000.00 prize given out by his favorite TV show and This Is
34560-610: Was lured to move the Silly Symphonies into United Artists by a budget increase. Walt Disney then worked with the Technicolor company to create the first full three-strip color cartoon, Flowers and Trees . Another great success, it became the first cartoon to win the Academy Award for the Best Animated Short Film. Shortly afterward, Disney negotiated an exclusive, but temporary deal with Technicolor so only he could use
34752-494: Was not a financial success, since World War II (which began in Europe in 1939) had cut off 40% of Disney's foreign release market . Although it was a moderate success in the United States, the domestic gross alone was not enough to make back its production budget. However, the film did receive very positive reviews and has made millions from subsequent re-releases. Later that year, Disney produced Fantasia . It originally started with
34944-437: Was not released because of a poor reaction from test screenings and failed to gain a distributor. The second Mickey Mouse cartoon The Gallopin' Gaucho also failed to gain the attention of the audience and a distributor. Disney knew what was missing: sound. Sound film had been captivating audiences since 1927 with The Jazz Singer and Walt decided that the next cartoon Steamboat Willie would have sound. Steamboat Willie
35136-439: Was not the first sound cartoon, Max and Dave Fleischer had produced Song Car-Tunes since 1926 after the release of the sound film Don Juan . However, they failed to keep the sound synchronized with the animation and the main focus of the cartoons were the bouncing ball sing-a-longs . The Song Car-Tunes were not a success and some staff members doubted whether a cartoon with sound would be successful. So Disney arranged
35328-456: Was now fully committed to the war effort and contributed by producing propaganda shorts and a feature film entitled Victory Through Air Power . Victory Through Air Power did poorly at the box office and the studio lost around $ 500,000 as a result. The required propaganda cartoon shorts were less popular than Disney's regular shorts, and by the time the Army ended its stay at Walt Disney Studios with
35520-591: Was re-hired in February 1925 and the quality of animation on the Alice series improved; this prompted Hugh Harman, Rudolf Ising and Carman Maxwell to follow Disney west in June 1925. Around that time, Davis was replaced with Maggie Gay and the cartoons started to focus less on the live-action scenes and more the fully animated scenes, particularly those featuring Alice's pet sidekick Julius , who bore an uncanny resemblance to Felix
35712-403: Was rechristened The Daffy/Speedy Show and ran for another two years. Eventually, NBC canceled the series, and many of the cartoons were reintegrated into the lineups for the respective CBS and ABC Bugs Bunny shows. Daffy appeared in later cartoons. He was one of many Looney Tunes characters allowed by Warner Bros. to appear in the 1988 Disney / Amblin film Who Framed Roger Rabbit . In
35904-435: Was recognized), Abbott and Costello, Flanagan and Allen , Gallagher and Shean , Smith and Dale , and Lyons and Yosco . The dynamic evolved, with Abbott and Costello using a modern and recognizable formula in routines such as Who's on First? in the 1930s and Flanagan and Allen using "cross talking". Though vaudeville lasted into the 1930s, its popularity waned because of the rise of motion pictures . Some failed to survive
36096-512: Was released in 1983, Daffy Duck's Fantastic Island ; the second came in 1988, Daffy Duck's Quackbusters , which is considered one of the Looney Tunes' best compilation films and featured another new theatrical short, " The Night of the Living Duck ". Daffy has also had major roles in films such as Space Jam in 1996 and Looney Tunes: Back in Action in 2003. The latter film does much to flesh out his character, even going so far as to cast
36288-430: Was released on November 18, 1928, and was a big success. Disney quickly gained huge dominance in the animation field using sound in his future cartoons by dubbing Plane Crazy , The Gallopin' Gaucho and the nearly completed The Barn Dance . Mickey Mouse's popularity put the animated character into the ranks of the most popular screen personalities in the world. Disney's biggest competitor, Pat Sullivan with his Felix
36480-529: Was renamed Kartunes in 1951 and would continue for two more years before being discontinued. Buchwald later died from a heart attack in 1951, leaving Sparber and Kneitel as the sole lead producers and directors. Dave Tendlar was promoted to director in 1953. The departure of the Fleischer brothers and Buchwald's death had an pro-longed effect on the studio: the Paramount cartoons of the war years continued to be entertaining and popular and still retained most of
36672-695: Was subsequently continued in Gold Key Comics Daffy Duck #31-127 (1962–79). This run was in turn continued under the Whitman Comics imprint until the company completely ceased comic book publication in 1984. In 1994, corporate cousin DC Comics became the publisher for comics featuring all the classic Warner Bros. cartoon characters, and while not getting his own title, Daffy has appeared in many issues of Looney Tunes . Golden age of American animation The golden age of American animation
36864-546: Was working as a banker at the time, got him a job at the Pesmen-Rubin Art Studio where he created advertisements for newspapers, magazines, and movie theaters. Here he met fellow cartoonist Ub Iwerks , the two quickly became friends and in January 1920, when their time at the studio expired they decided to open up their own advertising agency together called Iwerks-Disney Commercial Artists. The business however got off to
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