Dafdar , also spelled Daftar , is a township in the Taghdumbash Pamir located in Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County , Kashgar Prefecture , Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region , China . The township is located near the China–Pakistan border . The southern part of the township is located in the Trans-Karakoram Tract claimed by India.
15-648: Dafdar means "door" or "gateway" in the Sarikoli language , spoken by Chinese Tajiks . The area has been used for grazing by various pastoral people in the region for centuries. During the Qing dynasty , the Chinese claimed suzerainty over the area but permitted the Mir of Hunza to administer the region in return for a tribute . According to British colonial sources, this arrangement started during early Ayosh dynasty of Mir of Hunza , as
30-756: Is around 35,000; most reside in the Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County in Southern Xinjiang Province , China . The Chinese name for the Sarikoli language, as well as the usage of Sarikol as a toponym , is Sàléikuòlèyǔ ( 萨雷阔勒语 ). Speakers in China typically use Chinese and Uyghur to communicate with people of other ethnic groups in the area. The rest are found in parts of the Pakistani-administered Kashmir , closely touching
45-565: The Badakshan regions of Tajikistan and Afghanistan , whereas Persian is a Western Iranian language and the official language of Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan, having historically been the most dominant Iranian language. It is also referred to as Tashkorghani, after the ancient capital of the Sarikoli kingdom —now the Tashkurgan (or Taxkorgan) Tajik Autonomous County in Xinjiang, China. However,
60-512: The medium of instruction . In recent years, Sarikoli speakers in China have used Uyghur Arabic alphabet to spell out their language. In 1958, linguist Gao Erqiang studied Sarikoli in collaboration with Tajik linguists, using 37 symbols from the International Phonetic Alphabet for the transcription of the language. In the 1996 Sarikoli–Han dictionary, Gao uses an alphabet of 26 letters and 8 digraphs based on Pinyin . In
75-486: The "Tajik language", although it is different from the related Iranian language spoken in Tajikistan , which is a dialect of Persian. Sarikoli is officially referred to as "Tajik" ( Chinese : 塔吉克语 , Tǎjíkèyǔ ) in China. However, it is distantly related to Tajik (a form of Persian) as spoken in Tajikistan because Sarikoli is an Eastern Iranian language , closely related to other Pamir languages largely spoken in
90-496: The Mir conquered the Kirghiz nomads of Taghdumbash Pamir. The Mir erected a cairn in the village to evidence his control. The tribute system continued up until 1937. In the 1875, British explorers recorded that Dafdar did not have a permanent settlement, but that it was used a caravan camp on the route between Tashkurgan and Hunza Valley . In the early 1900s, a group of Wakhi settled here with
105-566: The Pakistan-Chinese international borders in the north east. The language has no official written form. Linguist Gao Erqiang, publishing in China, used IPA to transcribe the sounds of Sarikoli in his book and dictionary, while Tatiana N. Pakhalina, publishing in Russia, used an alphabet similar to that of the Wakhi language in hers. The majority of Sarikoli-speakers attend schools using Uyghur as
120-406: The Sarikoli latin alphabet version by linguist Tatiana N. Pakhalina, the sounds are represented by these letters: Sarikoli vowel ɔ / o is an allophone with Uyghur vowel a . Sarikoli vowel a is an allophone with Uyghur vowel æ . Sarikoli vowels have undergone the same chain shift as Tajik , Uzbek , and other Central Asian Pamir languages . The vowel chain shift looks like
135-474: The closely related Shughni that are not found in other Eastern Iranian languages like Wakhi, Pashto or Avestan. The following text is a paragraph from Gao Erqiang's "Tajik-Chinese Dictionary" (1996), talking about the significance of the development of a writing system for the language of Tajiks of Xinjiang, both in Chinese and Sarikoli. The Sarikoli text is written in the "Pinyin" developed by Gao Erqiang for use in
150-638: The consent of the Chinese authority. In March 1950, Dafdar Township was established. In 1959, Dafdar Township became a commune . In 1966, Dafdar Commune was renamed Xianfeng Commune ('pioneer commune', 先锋 公社 ). In 1975 in the closing days of the Cultural Revolution , the original name was restored. In February 1985, Dafdar Commune was made a township. Emerald deposits were discovered in Dafdar in 2003. These emeralds show similar chemical fingerprints to Afghan emeralds from Panjshir Valley . K2 ,
165-939: The following: Sarikoli vowels as used in Russian works (IPA values in brackets): a [a], e [e], ɛy [ɛi̯] (dialectal æy or ay [æi̯ / ai̯]), ɛw [ɛu̯] (dialectal æw or aw [æu̯ /au̯]), ə [ə], i [i], o [o / ɔ], u [u], ы [ɯ] (dialectal ů [ʊ]). In some dialects also long variants of those vowels can appear: ā , ē , ī , ō , ū , ы̄ , ǝ̄ . (citation?) Sarikoli has 30 consonants: Sarikoli consonants according to Russian Iranologist transcription (IPA values in slashes): p /p/ , b /b/ , t /t/ , d /d/ , k /k ~ c/ , g /ɡ ~ ɟ/ , q /q/ , c /ts/ , ʒ /dz/ , č /tɕ/ , ǰ /dʑ/ , s /s/ , z /z/ , x̌ /x/ , γ̌ /ɣ/ , f /f/ , v /v/ , θ /θ/ , δ /ð/ , x /χ/ , γ /ʁ/ , š /ɕ/ , ž /ʑ/ , h /h/ , w /w/ , y /j/ , m /m/ , n /n, ŋ/ , l /l/ , r /r/ Most words receive stress on
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#1732858622678180-404: The last syllable; however, a minority receive stress on their first syllable. Also, several noun declensions and verb inflections regularly place stress on their first syllable, including the imperative and interrogative . Although to a large extent the Sarikoli lexicon is quite close to those of other Eastern Iranian languages, there are a large number are words unique to Sarikoli and
195-591: The population was Kyrgyz . It is inhabited by Wakhis . As of the 2000s, there was one mosque in the township and twelve religious professionals. Sarikoli language The Sarikoli language (also Sariqoli , Selekur , Sarikul , Sariqul , Sariköli ) is a member of the Pamir subgroup of the Southeastern Iranian languages spoken by the Pamiris of Xinjiang , China. It is officially referred to in China as
210-592: The second highest mountain on Earth, is located in the Trans-Karakoram Tract on the China-Pakistan border in Dafdar. Dafdar village lies at an altitude of 3,400 m above sea level, just to the east of the Karakoram Highway . As of 2019, the township included five villages ( Mandarin Chinese pinyin -derived names ): In 1997, 89.6% of the population of the township was Chinese Tajik and 10.3% of
225-520: The usage of the term Tashkorghani is not widespread among scholars. The earliest written accounts in English are from the 1870s which generally use the name "Sarikoli" to refer to the language, but some written accounts since that time may use a different pronunciation derived from transcribing Chinese phonetics of the term into English as "Selekur(i)". Modern Chinese researchers often mention Sarikoli and Tajik names in their papers. The number of speakers
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