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44-649: DDS may refer to: Arts and media [ edit ] Digimon Data Squad , season 5 of the anime Digimon . Shin Megami Tensei: Digital Devil Saga , a 2004 video game spun off from the Shin Megami Tensei series Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich , Russian composer Death's Dynamic Shroud , American electronic and vaporwave trio Organizations [ edit ] Government agencies [ edit ] Disability Determination Service ,

88-671: A feature of the Martian landscape Deflation Detection System , on motor vehicle tires Dry deck shelter , a module that allows divers easy exit and entrance while a submarine is submerged Other uses [ edit ] Dewey Decimal Classification , often called the Dewey Decimal System Direct Delivery Scheme, of the Society of Independent Brewers Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

132-681: A CAD software system Direct Digital Synthesis / Direct digital synthesizer , a method for generation of periodic digital signals and used for creating arbitrary waveforms from a reference clock Data Definition Specification , in software data management Data Description Specifications , in AS/400 programming Data Distribution Service , an Object Management Group standard for publish/subscribe middleware for distributed systems Data dictionary system of ICL's VME operating system; see ICL VME#QuickBuild Dataphone Digital Service or Digital Data System, types of leased line Digital Data Storage ,

176-685: A Danish sports organization Diehard Duterte Supporters , supporters of Rodrigo Duterte, 16th president of the Philippines Donovan Data Systems , a software and computer services company Dutchess Day School , private pre-K through 8th grade school in Millbrook, New York, United States Science and technology [ edit ] Chemistry [ edit ] Dimethyldichlorosilane , an organosilicon compound Dammarenediol II synthase , an enzyme Computing and information technology [ edit ] Data Design System ,

220-546: A remolded Agumon as the lead Digimon. The name of the series was later revealed in January 2006 with the character designs coming a month later. The characters were designed by Sayo Aoi. It is the final Digimon series to be produced in 4:3. The series aired 48 episodes on Fuji TV in Japan from April 2, 2006, to March 25, 2007. On April 25, 2007, Disney's ABC Network announced that it had signed an agreement with Toei Animation to license

264-595: A state agency in the United States that determines eligibility for federal disability benefits Department of Driver Services, also known as Department of Motor Vehicles Due Diligence System Private organizations [ edit ] Davao Death Squad , a vigilante group in Davao City, Philippines Davidson Day School , a pre-K–12 school in Davidson, North Carolina, United States De Danske Skytteforeninger ,

308-619: A storage tape format related to Digital Audio Tape (DAT) Dimensional Data Storage DirectDraw Surface , .dds texture files Dynamic digital signage Medicine [ edit ] Dapsone , also known as diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), an antibiotic commonly used for the treatment of leprosy Doctor of Dental Surgery , an academic degree Dopamine dysregulation syndrome , a condition connected with treatment for Parkinson's disease Drug delivery systems , how drugs are delivered to relevant areas or tissues Other uses in science and technology [ edit ] Dark dune spot,

352-596: Is a government organization established to maintain the peace between the Real World and the Digital World, transporting any Digimon back to the Digital World. Marcus, a junior high school student, becomes one of the members for the organization. He learns that the Digimon Merukimon is opposing mankind. However, the past is revealed that the scientist Akihiro Kurata was responsible for invading the Digital World. He gained

396-403: Is a solid dosage form that fits for rectal administration . In hospice care , a specialized rectal catheter , designed to provide comfortable and discreet administration of ongoing medications provides a practical way to deliver and retain liquid formulations in the distal rectum, giving health practitioners a way to leverage the established benefits of rectal administration. The Murphy drip

440-449: Is affected by the amount of drug that is absorbed across the intestinal epithelium and first-pass metabolism . The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth . Buccally administered medication is achieved by placing the drug between gums and the inner lining of the cheek . In comparison with sublingual tissue, buccal tissue is less permeable resulting in slower absorption . Sublingual administration

484-447: Is an example of rectal infusion. The parenteral route is any route that is not enteral ( par- + enteral ). Parenteral administration can be performed by injection , that is, using a needle (usually a hypodermic needle ) and a syringe , or by the insertion of an indwelling catheter . Locations of application of parenteral administration include: The definition of the topical route of administration sometimes states that both

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528-425: Is an increased risk of side effects if the drug is administered too rapidly. Inhaled medications can be absorbed quickly and act both locally and systemically. Proper technique with inhaler devices is necessary to achieve the correct dose. Some medications can have an unpleasant taste or irritate the mouth. In general, only 20–50% of the pulmonary-delivered dose rendered in powdery particles will be deposited in

572-433: Is fulfilled by placing the drug between the tongue and the lower surface of the mouth. The sublingual mucosa is highly permeable and thereby provides access to the underlying expansive network composed of capillaries, leading to rapid drug absorption. Drug administration via the nasal cavity yields rapid drug absorption and therapeutic effects. This is because drug absorption through the nasal passages does not go through

616-618: Is the fifth anime television series in the Digimon franchise, produced by Toei Animation . The series aired in Japan on Fuji TV from April 2006 to March 2007. A standalone film based on the series was released on December 9, 2006. An English-language version was produced by Studiopolis , in conjunction with Toei Animation USA and Disney Enterprises, Inc. , and aired in North America on Toon Disney 's Jetix block from October 2007 to November 2008. The Digital Accident Tactics Squad (DATS)

660-485: Is the most reliable route, as in acutely ill patients the absorption of substances from the tissues and from the digestive tract can often be unpredictable due to altered blood flow or bowel motility. Enteral routes are generally the most convenient for the patient, as no punctures or sterile procedures are necessary. Enteral medications are therefore often preferred in the treatment of chronic disease. However, some drugs can not be used enterally because their absorption in

704-472: Is therefore different from that after parenteral administration. This can be illustrated by the action of naloxone (Narcan), an antagonist of opiates such as morphine . Naloxone counteracts opiate action in the central nervous system when given intravenously and is therefore used in the treatment of opiate overdose. The same drug, when swallowed, acts exclusively on the bowels; it is here used to treat constipation under opiate pain therapy and does not affect

748-446: Is usually rather a matter of pharmacodynamics (concerning, for example, the physiological effects of drugs ). An exception is topical administration , which generally means that both the application location and the effect thereof is local. Topical administration is sometimes defined as both a local application location and local pharmacodynamic effect, and sometimes merely as a local application location regardless of location of

792-449: The end of life . The walls of the rectum absorb many medications quickly and effectively. Medications delivered to the distal one-third of the rectum at least partially avoid the " first pass effect " through the liver, which allows for greater bio-availability of many medications than that of the oral route. Rectal mucosa is highly vascularized tissue that allows for rapid and effective absorption of medications. A suppository

836-621: The location at which the substance is applied. Common examples include oral and intravenous administration. Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is. Action may be topical (local), enteral (system-wide effect, but delivered through the gastrointestinal tract ), or parenteral (systemic action, but is delivered by routes other than the GI tract). Route of administration and dosage form are aspects of drug delivery . Routes of administration are usually classified by application location (or exposition). The route or course

880-406: The stomach , and as such gastrointestinal (along the gastrointestinal tract ) may be a more fitting term for this route of administration. Furthermore, some application locations often classified as enteral , such as sublingual (under the tongue) and sublabial or buccal (between the cheek and gums/ gingiva ), are taken up in the proximal part of the gastrointestinal tract without reaching

924-461: The transitional zones of the lung by sedimentation. An inhaled powdery particle that is <3 μm in diameter is structurally predisposed to depositing primarily in the respiratory regions of the peripheral lung via diffusion. Particles that deposit in the upper and central airways are generally absorbed systemically to great extent because they are only partially removed by mucociliary clearance, which results in orally mediated absorption when

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968-412: The active substance takes from application location to the location where it has its target effect is usually rather a matter of pharmacokinetics (concerning the processes of uptake, distribution, and elimination of drugs). Exceptions include the transdermal or transmucosal routes, which are still commonly referred to as routes of administration . The location of the target effect of active substances

1012-431: The amount of substance swallowed. The rate of inhalation will usually determine the amount of the substance which enters the lungs. Faster inhalation results in more rapid absorption because more substance finds the lungs. Substances in a form that resists absorption in the lung will likely resist absorption in the nasal passage, and the oral cavity, and are often even more resistant to absorption after they fail absorption in

1056-484: The application location and the pharmacodynamic effect thereof is local. In other cases, topical is defined as applied to a localized area of the body or to the surface of a body part regardless of the location of the effect. By this definition, topical administration also includes transdermal application, where the substance is administered onto the skin but is absorbed into the body to attain systemic distribution. If defined strictly as having local effect,

1100-399: The different particle surfaces. Inhalation by nose of a substance is almost identical to oral inhalation, except that some of the drug is absorbed intranasally instead of in the oral cavity before entering the airways. Both methods can result in varying levels of the substance to be deposited in their respective initial cavities, and the level of mucus in either of these cavities will reflect

1144-444: The digestive tract is low or unpredictable. Transdermal administration is a comfortable alternative; there are, however, only a few drug preparations that are suitable for transdermal administration. Identical drugs can produce different results depending on the route of administration. For example, some drugs are not significantly absorbed into the bloodstream from the gastrointestinal tract and their action after enteral administration

1188-412: The dosage is difficult to control. Upon contact with the skin, the drug penetrates into the dead stratum corneum and can afterwards reach the viable epidermis , the dermis , and the blood vessels . The term parenteral is from para-1 'beside' + Greek enteron 'intestine' + -al. This name is due to the fact that it encompasses a route of administration that is not intestinal. However, in common English

1232-418: The effects. Through the gastrointestinal tract is sometimes termed enteral or enteric administration (literally meaning 'through the intestines '). Enteral/enteric administration usually includes oral (through the mouth ) and rectal (into the rectum ) administration, in the sense that these are taken up by the intestines. However, uptake of drugs administered orally may also occur already in

1276-430: The gut before entering capillaries situated at tissue cells and then systemic circulation and such absorption route allows transport of drugs into the central nervous system via the pathways of olfactory and trigeminal nerve . Intranasal absorption features low lipophilicity, enzymatic degradation within the nasal cavity, large molecular size, and rapid mucociliary clearance from the nasal passages, which explains

1320-511: The intestines. Strictly enteral administration (directly into the intestines) can be used for systemic administration, as well as local (sometimes termed topical ), such as in a contrast enema , whereby contrast media are infused into the intestines for imaging. However, for the purposes of classification based on location of effects, the term enteral is reserved for substances with systemic effects. Many drugs as tablets , capsules , or drops are taken orally. Administration methods directly into

1364-417: The low risk of systemic exposure of the administered drug absorbed via intranasal. By delivering drugs almost directly to the site of action, the risk of systemic side effects is reduced. Skin absorption (dermal absorption), for example, is to directly deliver drug to the skin and, hopefully, to the systemic circulation. However, skin irritation may result, and for some forms such as creams or lotions,

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1408-407: The lung upon mouth inhalation. The remainder of 50-70% undeposited aerosolized particles are cleared out of lung as soon as exhalation . An inhaled powdery particle that is >8 μm is structurally predisposed to depositing in the central and conducting airways ( conducting zone ) by inertial impaction. An inhaled powdery particle that is between 3 and 8 μm in diameter tend to largely deposit in

1452-489: The pain-reducing effect of the opiate. The oral route is generally the most convenient and costs the least. However, some drugs can cause gastrointestinal tract irritation. For drugs that come in delayed release or time-release formulations, breaking the tablets or capsules can lead to more rapid delivery of the drug than intended. The oral route is limited to formulations containing small molecules only while biopharmaceuticals (usually proteins) would be digested in

1496-413: The patient and the requirement of trained staff using aseptic techniques for administration. However, in some cases, patients are taught to self-inject, such as SC injection of insulin in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus . As the drug is delivered to the site of action extremely rapidly with IV injection, there is a risk of overdose if the dose has been calculated incorrectly, and there

1540-592: The show. Much of the staff that worked on Digimon: Digital Monsters , including director Jeff Nimoy , returned to work on Data Squad . The series finished airing in the US on Jetix on November 1, 2008, thirteen months after it premiered on October 1, 2007. It was announced on February 12, 2009 that Toei Animation has signed Well Go USA with the DVD rights to Digimon Data Squad, and the first thirteen US edited English dub episodes were made available on May 26, 2009. The release of

1584-517: The stomach and thereby become ineffective. Biopharmaceuticals have to be given by injection or infusion. However, recent research found various ways to improve oral bioavailability of these drugs. In particular permeation enhancers, ionic liquids , lipid-based nanocarriers, enzyme inhibitors and microneedles have shown potential. Oral administration is often denoted "PO" from "per os", the Latin for "by mouth". The bioavailability of oral administration

1628-451: The stomach include those by gastric feeding tube or gastrostomy . Substances may also be placed into the small intestines , as with a duodenal feeding tube and enteral nutrition . Enteric coated tablets are designed to dissolve in the intestine, not the stomach, because the drug present in the tablet causes irritation in the stomach. The rectal route is an effective route of administration for many medications, especially those used at

1672-559: The support of the government to oppose all Digimon species, claiming they were a threat to mankind. When Kurata uses Belphemon, Marcus defeats them. Before dying, Kurata uses a bomb to make the Digital World merge with the human world. While the Digimon BanchoLeomon prevents the collision, Marcus meets King Drasil (Yggdrasil), the supreme ruler who attempts to protect the Digital World by destroying mankind, since they cannot exist in both dimensions. Marcus learns that his father, Spencer,

1716-842: The term has mostly been used to describe the four most well-known routes of injection. The term injection encompasses intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC) and intradermal (ID) administration. Parenteral administration generally acts more rapidly than topical or enteral administration, with onset of action often occurring in 15–30 seconds for IV, 10–20 minutes for IM and 15–30 minutes for SC. They also have essentially 100% bioavailability and can be used for drugs that are poorly absorbed or ineffective when they are given orally. Some medications, such as certain antipsychotics , can be administered as long-acting intramuscular injections . Ongoing IV infusions can be used to deliver continuous medication or fluids . Disadvantages of injections include potential pain or discomfort for

1760-647: The third DVD set was canceled. Madman Entertainment have released all episodes across four sets on Region 4 DVD in Australia and New Zealand with only the US English Edited TV dub by Studiopolis. Brazil had released several DVDs of the show. In 2014, Cinedigm Entertainment obtained the rights to the release of the season. A Complete Collection was released on March 11, 2014, in the US. The anime received five related video games. Drug delivery systems Routes of administration are generally classified by

1804-543: The title DDS . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DDS&oldid=1258561745 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Digimon Data Squad Digimon Data Squad , known in Japan as Digimon Savers ( デジモンセイバーズ , Dejimon Seibāzu ) ,

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1848-557: The topical route of administration can also include enteral administration of medications that are poorly absorbable by the gastrointestinal tract . One such medication is the antibiotic vancomycin , which cannot be absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and is used orally only as a treatment for Clostridioides difficile colitis . The reason for choice of routes of drug administration are governing by various factors: In acute situations, in emergency medicine and intensive care medicine , drugs are most often given intravenously. This

1892-428: The transported mucus is swallowed, and first pass metabolism or incomplete absorption through loss at the fecal route can sometimes reduce the bioavailability. This should in no way suggest to clinicians or researchers that inhaled particles are not a greater threat than swallowed particles, it merely signifies that a combination of both methods may occur with some particles, no matter the size of or lipo/hydrophilicity of

1936-496: Was trapped in the Digital World for ten years, because Drasil possessed Spencer's body and BanchoLeomon kept the latter's soul. After Marcus defeats Drasil, Spencer's soul returns to his body. With both worlds restored, all Digimon partners return to their own world. Five years later, Marcus and his friends embrace their future. The series was announced during the December 2005 Jump Festa convention in Japan with advertisements showing

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