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33-694: It was formed in February 2003 in support of Operation Telic , the British invasion of Iraq , and disbanded in April 2010. The squadron comprised two P2000-class patrol ships, HMS  Pursuer and Dasher ; these ships were reassigned to the Clyde Naval Base at Faslane in 2010. The ships were based at Akrotiri Mole near RAF Akrotiri and were employed in the protection of visiting ships and other British Forces Cyprus equipment designated as high value. The Squadron

66-403: A bigger hospital were bought in and a 200 bedded hospital was eventually built and staff moved over and supplemented. The hospital took over 3500 casualties of which more than 350 were major trauma cases, and around 70 paediatric trauma cases. Injuries included blunt trauma, gun shot wounds, shrapnel injuries and severe burns. The British television film The Mark of Cain depicted service of

99-455: A computer to generate its names so that they carry no overtly political connotations. The meaning was initially unknown but as initial planning took place over the Christmas 2002 period, the term became jokingly known amongst personnel as a backronym for T ell E veryone L eave I s C ancelled. The force was commanded by a three-star tri-service headquarters. The commander of the operation

132-489: A fictional British Army unit, the 1st Battalion Northdale Rifles in Operation Telic, just after the end of combat operations and in the first stages of the occupation. Black Watch , drawing on experiences of Black Watch soldiers during the war, was performed to much acclaim throughout Scotland in 2006. Backronym A backronym is an acronym formed from an already existing word by expanding its letters into

165-513: A great deal faster, with the slowest deploying elements taking 10 weeks to get from base to combat readiness in the theatre. The deployment used 64 British and foreign flagged merchant vessels. Telic means a purposeful or defined action (from Greek τέλος, telos ). Unlike the United States who called their equivalent military deployment Operation Iraqi Freedom , the Ministry of Defence uses

198-478: A hospital ward. In effect the hospital was based on the front line of the British area of responsibility and was the furthest forward medical unit in recent history. Casualties would often miss out the regimental aid posts and dressing stations and go straight to the hospital. Staff at the hospital worked 12 hour shifts without days off until more staff began to arrive around a month later. The 25 bedded unit kept working despite some nearby mortar fire while elements of

231-595: A modern mechanised and armoured force function. During the post invasion phase, and following a number of British casualties blamed on inadequate equipment, a great deal of new equipment was purchased to help deal with the threats posed by insurgents. These included 166 armoured Pinzgauer Vector PPVs , 108 Mastiff PPVs , 145 enhanced FV430 Mk3 Bulldogs , Lockheed Martin Desert Hawk UAVs and 8 Britten-Norman Defender ISTAR aircraft. A total of 179 British Armed Forces personnel died serving on Operation Telic between

264-468: A new composite divisional headquarters on 28 December 2003. Major General Andrew Stewart took over from General Lamb as commander of British forces. After the end of major operations, the main components of the British forces changed greatly. 3 Commando Brigade was withdrawn in early May and 16 Air Assault Brigade left later in the same month apart from a couple of infantry battalions. 7 Armoured Brigade remained until relieved by 19 Mechanised Brigade at

297-455: A nine-year-old girl who was abducted and murdered in 1996. Officials later publicized the backronym "America's Missing: Broadcast Emergency Response". An example of a backronym as a mnemonic is the Apgar score , used to assess the health of newborn babies. The rating system was devised by and named after Virginia Apgar . Ten years after the initial publication, the backronym APGAR was coined in

330-534: A phrase whose initial letters spell out a particular word or words, either to create a memorable name or as a fanciful explanation of a word's origin". Many fictional espionage organizations are backronyms, such as SPECTRE (special executive for counterintelligence, terrorism, revenge and extortion) from the James Bond franchise. For example, the Amber Alert missing-child program was named after Amber Hagerman ,

363-440: Is probably of Romani origin but commonly believed to be a backronym of "council-housed and violent". Similarly, the distress signal SOS is often believed to be an abbreviation for "save our ship" or "save our souls" but was chosen because it has a simple and unmistakable Morse code representation – three dots, three dashes, and three dots, sent without any pauses between characters. More recent examples include

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396-446: The aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal as his flagship. The 1st (United Kingdom) Armoured Division was commanded by Major General Robin Brims . Three army brigades were assigned to the division. 16 Air Assault Brigade was commanded by Brigadier 'Jacko' Page, 7th Armoured Brigade by Brigadier Graham Binns and 102nd Logistic Brigade by Brigadier Shaun Cowlam. 3 Commando Brigade

429-592: The invasion of Iraq on 19 March 2003 and the withdrawal of the last remaining British forces on 22 May 2011. The bulk of the mission ended on 30 April 2009 but around 150 troops, mainly from the Royal Navy , remained in Iraq until 22 May 2011 as part of the Iraqi Training and Advisory Mission. 46,000 troops were deployed at the onset of the invasion and the total cost of war stood at £9.24 billion in 2010. Operation telic

462-516: The British inventory deployed. It also saw a 33 ship fleet, which was the largest taskforce deployed by the UK since the Falklands War. Some 120 Challenger 2 main battle tanks , 150 Warrior infantry fighting vehicles , 32 L131 self-propelled 155 mm howitzers and 36 L118 105 mm towed howitzers were deployed with the land forces, with reconnaissance vehicles and everything else that makes

495-621: The British servicemen and women who deployed on Operation Telic for the invasion and its aftermath were reservists, from the Territorial Army , Royal Naval Reserve and from the Royal Auxiliary Air Force Regiment. Notice that additional British forces were deploying to the region (large numbers of RAF personnel were already deployed in Kuwait, Turkey and elsewhere in the region on Operations Northern Watch and Southern Watch )

528-552: The US as a mnemonic learning aid: appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration. Another example is the American Contract Bridge League's tools to address cheating in online bridge games. EDGAR was originally named for Edgar Kaplan, whose many contributions to the game included groundbreaking efforts to reduce illegal partnership communication. The new EDGAR tools expected to debut in early 2024 have been launched with

561-508: The armament consisted of three FN MAG General Purpose Machine Guns , the ships' crews had one extra member (compared to the P2000s assigned to URNU duties) employed as a Gunners Yeoman, because of the weapons fitted. Operation Telic Operation Telic ( Op TELIC ) was the codename under which all of the United Kingdom 's military operations in Iraq were conducted between the start of

594-537: The backronym "everyone deserves a game above reproach". Many United States Congress bills have backronyms as their names; examples include the USA PATRIOT Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act) of 2001, and the DREAM Act (Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors Act). Sometimes a backronym is reputed to have been used in

627-473: The brand name Adidas , named after company founder Adolf "Adi" Dassler but falsely believed to be an acronym for "all day I dream about sport". The word Wiki is said to stand for "what I know is", but in fact is derived from the Hawaiian phrase wiki-wiki meaning 'fast'. Yahoo! , sometimes claimed to mean "yet another hierarchical officious oracle", in fact was chosen because Yahoo's founders liked

660-563: The formation of the original word, and amounts to a false etymology or an urban legend . Acronyms were rare in the English language before the 1930s, and most etymologies of common words or phrases that suggest origin from an acronym are false. Examples include posh , an adjective describing stylish items or members of the upper class. A popular story derives the word as an acronym from "port out, starboard home", referring to 19th-century first-class cabins on ocean liners , which were shaded from

693-771: The handover of responsibility taking place on 30 May. In May 2006 7th Armoured Brigade, the Desert Rats were relieved by 20th Armoured Brigade under the command of Brigadier James Everard . October 2006 saw 19 Light Brigade take over from 20th Armoured Brigade. 1 Mechanised Brigade provided HQ and troops for Op TELIC 10, deploying to Iraq in June 2007. During that tour, both the PJCC and Basra Palace were handed back to Iraqi control. They handed over to 4th Mechanised Brigade on 1 December 2007. The conflict saw over 100 fixed-wing aircraft and over 100 rotary-wing aircraft of virtually every type in

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726-813: The same time as 3rd Division took over from 1st Division. 102 Logistics Brigade was relieved by 101 Logistic Brigade in late May. Most of the RAF aircraft left the area with a few retained for patrols over Iraq and support of ground forces. British naval forces also returned to more usual levels, with two surface combatants, a tanker and a repair ship present in early July. A further rotation of ground troops occurred in November 2003, with 19 Mechanised Brigade relieved by 20th Armoured Brigade ; 20th Armoured Brigade in its turn being relieved by 1 Mechanised Brigade . In April 2004, 20th Armoured Brigade turned over its responsibilities to 1 Mechanised Brigade and Lieutenant General John McColl

759-894: The start of the campaign in March 2003 and the end of operations in July 2009; 136 in hostile incidents and the remaining 43 under non-hostile circumstances. Full non-fatal casualty records are currently only available for the period after 1 January 2006. From that date, 3,598 British personnel were wounded, injured or fell ill (315 wounded in action); 1,971 of whom required aeromedical evacuation. However, these totals are likely to rise significantly as and when full records for 2003 to 2006 become available. By 11 March 2007, more than 2,100 soldiers had returned from Iraq suffering from some form of mental illness, including PTSD . In theatre both military and civilian casualties were treated by British Field Hospitals (FH), 22 FH in Kuwait and 34 FH in Iraq. 34 Field Hospital

792-401: The sun on outbound voyages east (e.g. from Britain to India ) and homeward voyages west. The word's actual etymology is unknown, but more likely related to Romani påš xåra ('half-penny') or to Urdu (borrowed from Persian ) safed-pōśh ('white robes'), a term for wealthy people. Another example is the word chav , which is a derogatory term for a working-class youth. This word

825-416: The words of a phrase. Backronyms may be invented with either serious or humorous intent, or they may be a type of false etymology or folk etymology . The word is a portmanteau of back and acronym . A normal acronym is a word derived from the initial letters of the words of a phrase, such as radar from "radio detection and ranging". By contrast, a backronym is "an acronym deliberately formed from

858-510: Was Air Marshal Brian Burridge , with Major General Peter Wall acting as his chief of staff. The headquarters was situated at CENTCOM headquarters in Qatar . The three services each had two-star commanders leading operations. The Royal Navy commander was Rear Admiral David Snelson who had his headquarters ashore in Bahrain. The afloat Royal Navy commander was Commodore Jamie Miller, who had

891-707: Was also employed in Internal Security patrols of the Sovereign Base Areas (SBA), and training for visiting Royal Navy ships. They had a secondary role supporting the police and customs and excise of the Sovereign Base Area. The last commanding officer (December 2009) was Lieutenant Commander Charlie Barrow. He assumed command of the Cyprus Squadron in July 2009. The two ships of the squadron— Dasher and Pursuer —were fitted with Kevlar armour and

924-598: Was also under the operational command of the division and was commanded by Brigadier Jim Dutton . The Royal Air Force commander was Air Vice-Marshal Glenn Torpy . Major General Wall took over command of 1st Armoured Division on 1 May 2003. He was replaced as Chief of Staff by Major General Barney White-Spunner . Rear Admiral Snelson was succeeded by Major General Tony Milton , Commandant General Royal Marines as maritime forces commander on 16 April 2003. On 11 July 2003, 1st Armoured Division handed control over south-east Iraq to 3rd Mechanised Division , Major General Wall

957-403: Was appointed deputy commander of occupation ground forces. By July 2004 the British area saw its fifth commander when Major General Bill Rollo took over. At the end of 2004 General Rollo was succeeded by Major General Jonathan Riley and in November of that year 4 Armoured Brigade rotated to replace 1 Mechanised Brigade. In May 2005, 4 Armoured Brigade was replaced by 12 Mechanised Brigade with

990-521: Was given in three separate Commons statements by Geoff Hoon Secretary of State for Defence . On 7 January, the deployment of Royal Navy and Royal Marines was announced. 20 January saw the land forces deployment announced and 6 February the Royal Air Force . They were ready in time for hostilities to start on 19 March. When compared with the deployment of forces prior to the Gulf War things proceeded

1023-589: Was made up of regular troops from their base in Strensall just outside York and members for volunteer reserve units from all over the country. A small 25 bedded hospital was sent across the Kuwait Iraq border in the early days of the war. On arrival at Shaibah the hospital was set up and ready to take casualties within six and a half hours. Everything that you would expect in a modern hospital was present with an Emergency Department, X-ray, Labs, Surgical Theatres x 2, ITU and

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1056-404: Was succeeded by Major General Graeme Lamb as commander of British ground forces in Iraq. Unlike the invasion period, by then there was a substantial presence from many nations other than America, Britain, Australia and Poland. In addition to British troops, 3rd Division now commanded Italian , Dutch , Danish , Czech , Lithuanian , Norwegian , and New Zealand forces. 3rd Division handed over

1089-592: Was the largest deployment of British forces since World War II . It was only approached in size by the 1991 Operation Granby deployment for the Gulf War and the 1956 Operation Musketeer Suez Crisis deployment. It was considerably larger than the 1982 Operation Corporate in the Falklands War , which saw around 30,000 personnel deployed and the Korean War , which saw fewer than 20,000 personnel deployed. Some 9,500 of

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