69-399: Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Crystal Cove . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Crystal Cove can refer to: Crystal Cove State Park Crystal Cove Historic District , which
138-527: A 1,400-acre marine Conservation Area (570 ha) as well as underwater park, 400 acres (160 ha) of bluffs, and 2,400 acres (970 ha) of canyons. Up until the arrival of the Spanish Missionaries, the region was a series of native villages built around two different natural springs. The natives were then drafted to Mission San Gabriel and Mission San Juan Capistrano , which was later known as "Rancho San Joaquin", until it went into debt and
207-439: A Marine Conservation area as well as a 1,140-acre (460 ha) underwater park . Visitors can explore tidepools and sandy coves. In addition to the beach, the park has 2,400 acres (970 ha) of undeveloped woodland inland of the coast highway, which is popular for hiking and horseback riding. The park has a total of 17 different trails. The grounds are also available for camping. There are 34 different lots spread across
276-697: A National Register of Historic Places site, inside the park contains 46 beach cottages from the 1920s and 1930s, of which 29 have been restored. 21 of these cottages are available for rent. The house from the Bette Midler movie Beaches is located in Crystal Cove. Crystal Cove has long been a source of inspiration for plein air painters, a type of landscape painting that originated in France. Early plein air painters documented Orange County's coastline, and Crystal Cove, in particular, with their paintings. In homage to
345-470: A barrier of concrete with a path on top. The commission has denied the petitions because of the anticipated loss of beach sand and because the county would shoulder the cost, not the homeowners. The county's responsibility for maintaining the bluff comes from a legal settlement dating to the early days of the development. The county's cost for the new structure was estimated to be $ 10 million for construction and another $ 15 million in mitigation fees to be paid to
414-610: A community that would preserve the area's natural beauty. But the plan for Sea Ranch eventually grew to encompass 10 miles (16 km) of the Sonoma County coastline that would have been reserved for private use. This and other similar coastal projects prompted opponents to form activist groups. Their efforts eventually led to putting Proposition 20 on the ballot. Proposition 20 gave the Coastal Commission permit authority for four years. The California Coastal Act of 1976 extended
483-489: A constituency that is important to Democrats." Development activities are broadly defined by the Coastal Act to include (among others) construction of buildings, divisions of land, and activities that change the intensity of use of land or public access to coastal waters . Development usually requires a Coastal Development Permit from either the Coastal Commission or the local government if such development would occur within
552-491: A favorite spot to James Irvine II, he allowed his friends and family as well as employees to build cottages on the area that we now refer to as Crystal Cove. As cottages began to undergo renovations and become more permanent residences, the owners were offered a choice by the Irvine Company to either move the cottages elsewhere or to hand over ownership and allow them to be leased by the company. These cottages were developed by
621-840: A few times per year. Some of the birds seen regularly include the Turkey vulture , Mourning dove , Ring-billed gull , the Common raven , the Greater roadrunner , Quail and the House sparrow . Along with registered birds, there are roughly 26 registered reptiles of Crystal Cove State Park, and 10 of which are commonly seen by visitors. These include the California legless lizard , Arboreal salamander , Pacific tree frog , Red diamond rattlesnake , Pacific gopher snake , Southern Pacific rattlesnake , California kingsnake , Side-blotched lizard , Western fence lizard , and
690-565: A law professor at the University of California, Los Angeles stated that "The commission is the single most powerful land use authority in the United States given the high values of its jurisdiction and its high environmental assets." and that, because its members are appointed by the governor and the State Senate and Assembly leaders (which have generally been Democrats), "The commission reflects
759-494: A local agency (a County, City, or Port) has a Local Coastal Program (LCP) which has been certified by the commission, that agency takes over the responsibility for issuing Coastal Development Permits. For areas with Certified LCP's, the Commission does not issue Coastal Development permits (except in certain areas where the Commission retains jurisdiction, i.e. public trust lands), and is instead responsible for reviewing amendments to
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#1733129149603828-465: A local agency's LCP, or reviewing Coastal Development Permits issued by local agencies which have been appealed to the commission. A Local Coastal Program is composed of a Land Use Plan (LUP) and an Implementation Plan (IP). A Land Use Plan details the Land Uses which are permissible in each part of the local government's area, and specifies the general policies which apply to each land use. The LUP can be
897-580: A mandate to encourage public access on the California coast and that means doing everything we can to ensure people can actually afford to stay there," said Dayna Bochco, who chairs the commission. In 2022, the commission forced San Diego to require off-street parking for accessory dwelling units within the Coastal Zone in order to reduce potential demand for public parking close to beaches, so that non-residents can find convenient beach parking. In 2023,
966-530: A part of a local government's general plan. The Implementation Plan is responsible for implementing the policies contained in the LUP. The IP is generally a part of the city's zoning code. The Local Coastal Program (LCP) for a run-down gateway to Channel Islands Harbor in Oxnard is designated for visitor-serving commercial uses and harbor-related uses that support recreational boating and fishing. The county owns and manages
1035-418: A permit for townhomes built in 1984, the owners of the 1984 townhomes sued. The Commission reasoned that the Coastal Act states that the Commission "shall" issue permits for coastal armoring designed to protect "existing structures," which the Commission interpreted as existing at the time of the passage of the Coastal Act, 1977. In 2023, the judge ruled for the plaintiffs, stating that the Commission's position
1104-400: A public works project that would meet regional public needs. The Commission recommended cities implement managed retreat philosophies allowing oceans to naturally erode developments thereby nourishing beaches with reclaimed sand made of disintegrated former properties. In 2019, after the Commission allowed a new seawall to be constructed to protect apartments built in 1972, but denied
1173-474: A small boutique style hotel to a beach property, they will be required (in 2021) to pay $ 150,000 into a fund which will help to provide for lower cost accommodations in the region. In 2019, the commission fined a hotel builder $ 15.5 million after it "replaced two of the only low-cost motels in Santa Monica with a luxury boutique hotel, without a permit," the commission said in a statement. "We as an agency have
1242-583: A third of the backlog of over 2,000 unresolved enforcement cases. The first notable fines were issued in December 2016 against Malibu property owners Dr. Warren M. Lent and his wife, for $ 4.2 million, and Simon and Daniel Mani, owners of the Malibu Beach Inn, who settled amicably for $ 925,000. The difference in severity of the fines were attributed to the "egregious" nature of the Lent case. A "local coastal program"
1311-417: A three-bedroom house. The Coastal Commission had asserted that the public-easement condition was imposed to promote the legitimate state interest of diminishing the "blockage of the view of the ocean" caused by construction of the larger house. The court, in a narrow decision, ruled that an "essential nexus" must exist between the legitimate state interest and the permit condition imposed by government, otherwise
1380-597: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Crystal Cove State Park Crystal Cove State Park is a state park of California , United States, encompassing 3.2 miles (5.1 km) of Pacific coastline, inland chaparral canyons, and the Crystal Cove Historic District of beach houses . The park is located partially in Newport Beach and partially in an unincorporated area of Orange County , and
1449-515: Is part of Crystal Cove State Park Crystal Cove State Marine Conservation Area Crystal Cove , a fictional town from the series Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated and Velma Crystal Cove, the codename for a revised version of the Oculus Rift developer kit Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crystal_Cove&oldid=1137373575 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
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#17331291496031518-517: Is part of the larger South Coast Wilderness area. Crystal Cove is a stretch of coastal cliffs and a beachfront cove situated between the Pacific Coast Highway and the Pacific Ocean , southeast of Newport Beach and northwest of Laguna Beach . The 3,936-acre (1,593 ha) park was established in 1979. The entire park hosts a total of three miles (4.8 km) of beaches and tide pools,
1587-419: Is the official name for a zoning plan controlled by the commission but administered by a local agency. The commission can retake granular control of any project if it is appealed. An appeal will take approximately 6–8 months on average to reach a final decision and may take longer to resolve more complicated appeals. The commission is the primary agency which issues Coastal Development Permits. However, once
1656-623: The California Coastal Commission , who purchased the property in 1979, evicted the tenants and demolished the El Morro Village mobile home park converting the private community into a day-use and overnight campground. The area was renovated to also include a visitors center for tourist information, dining areas along the beachfront, cultural center, museums and the Park and Marine Research Facility. The Crystal Cove Historic District,
1725-605: The Coast horned lizard . California Coastal Commission The California Coastal Commission ( CCC ) is a state agency within the California Natural Resources Agency with quasi-judicial control of land and public access along the state's 1,100 miles (1,800 km) of coastline. Its mission as defined in the California Coastal Act is "to protect, conserve, restore, and enhance the environment of
1794-462: The 1,100 miles (1,800 km) of coastline. The commission's total budget for fiscal year 2019-2020 was $ 32,086,000 The total compensation of the commission's executive director John L. Ainsworth was $ 254,000 in 2019, Charles F. Lester's was $ 177,000 in 2015, and Peter M. Douglas's was $ 213,000 in 2011. Including the proposed budget for fiscal year 2021–22, the cumulative expenses of the Commission since 2007 exceed $ 348 million. The Supreme Court of
1863-501: The 1976 California Coastal Act specifically prohibits State Route 1 from being widened beyond one lane in each direction within rural areas inside the Coastal Zone. The Coastal Commission also had the power to block a proposed southern extension of State Route 241 to Interstate 5 at San Onofre State Beach in San Diego County . The Coastal Commission has the ability to overrule local elected representatives and has also gained
1932-456: The 3 designated backpacking camping areas, including the Upper Morro, Lower Moro & Deer Canyon campsites. None are accessible by car, only by hike, and are for up to 4 people per site. No pets are allowed. No fires are allowed in the backcountry campsites. Crystal Cove State Park has a registered 180 different species of birds that can be observed throughout the entire year, seasonally, or
2001-586: The CCC's remit. Under the legislative proposals, housing that complies with zoning rules and environmental protection laws, would be fast-tracked in areas of the state that have not met their state-set housing goals. By exempting these housing developments from lengthy public hearings and environmental legal challenges, the proposals would effectively cut the CCC out of the housing permitting process. The CCC delayed approval for 141 units of affordable housing on Venice Beach in 2022. The affordable housing project had been in
2070-517: The California Coastal Act, especially the Chapter 3 policies. The agency has sought enforcement through the courts as it originally did not have the power to issue fines on its own to alleged violators. A bill in the California legislature to grant the commission a broad power to issue fines was defeated in September 2013. However legislation attached to the state budget in the summer of 2014 finally granted
2139-436: The California coastline". Protection of coastal resources includes shoreline public access and recreation, lower cost visitor accommodations, terrestrial and marine habitat protection, visual resources, and regulation of agricultural lands, commercial fisheries, and industrial infrastructure. By regulating land use within a defined coastal zone extending inland from 3,000 ft (910 m) up to 5 mi (8.0 km), it has
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2208-468: The Coastal Commission's authority indefinitely. Jerry Brown , in his first term as governor, signed the California Coastal Act into law, but two years later, became frustrated with the commission and called them "bureaucratic thugs." Peter M. Douglas helped write the act in addition to prop 20 and was subsequently employed as the Executive Director of the Coastal Commission for 26 years. In 2011
2277-536: The Coastal Zone. The Coastal Zone is specifically defined by law as an area that extends from the State's seaward boundary of jurisdiction, and inland for a distance from the Mean High Tide Line of between a couple of hundred feet in urban areas, to up to five miles in rural areas. The state authority controls construction along the state's 1,100 miles (1,800 km) of shoreline. One of the provisions passed under
2346-508: The Commissioners chose Charles Lester as Douglas's replacement, but then fired him in 2016. Accounting for 164 percent inflation, the commission's total funding declined 26 percent from $ 22.1 million in 1980 ($ 13.5 million in then-current dollars) to $ 16.3 million in 2010. The commission's full-time staff fell from 212 in 1980 to 125 in 2010. There are 16 Commission employees working in the enforcement function to investigate violations along
2415-549: The Irvine Company and the location was called the Crystal Cove Community. In 1927, the Irvine Company leased a portion of the area to a businessman who sold propane to coastal farmers and became a camping site named "Tyrone's Camp". Trailers replaced tent camping in the 1940s and in 1954, it was renamed El Morro. About 290 mobile home trailers on the beachfront and inland area were primary homes for some families up to four generations. In 2006, after 26 years of litigation,
2484-554: The Save San Onofre Coalition, Orange County tollway officials withdrew their approval in 2016 and agreed in a legal settlement to preserve San Onofre State Beach. About 60 oceanview homes in Dana Point sit precariously on a landslide-prone bluff. Since 2012 Orange County has submitted two petitions to the commission to replace the boulders below the bluff along the beach into a "revetment" a combination of boulders backed by
2553-543: The United States ruled in the 1987 case of Nollan v. California Coastal Commission that a requirement by the agency was a taking in violation of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments. The Coastal Commission had required that a lateral public easement along the Nollans' beachfront lot be dedicated to facilitate pedestrian access to public beaches as a condition of approval of a permit to demolish an existing bungalow and replace it with
2622-478: The ability to fine private citizens. The agency has sought enforcement through the courts as it originally did not have the power to issue fines on its own to alleged violators. A bill in the California legislature to grant the commission a broad power to issue fines was defeated in September 2013. However legislation attached to the state budget in the summer of 2014 finally granted the authority to impose fines on violators of public-access which could apply to about
2691-502: The authority to control construction of any type, including buildings, housing, roads, as well as fire and erosion abatement structures, and can issue fines for unapproved construction. It has been called the single most powerful land-use authority in the United States due to its purview over vast environmental assets and extremely valuable real estate. Critics say that the CCC has exceeded its mission, as well as exacerbated California's housing shortage by limiting housing supply in some of
2760-422: The authority to impose fines on violators of public-access which could apply to about a third of the backlog of over 2,000 unresolved enforcement cases. The first notable fines were issued in December 2016 against Malibu property owners Dr. Warren M. Lent and his wife, for 4.2 million dollars, and Simon and Daniel Mani, owners of the Malibu Beach Inn, who settled amicably for $ 925,000. The difference in severity of
2829-532: The beach in Hollister Ranch unless the public were allowed access through their property. Alternatively, the Remmengas were given the option to pay the commission $ 5,000 which was said to help fund public pathways to the beach. The California Courts of Appeal held that "even if an individual project does not create an immediate need for a compensating accessway, one may be required of it if its effect together with
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2898-523: The building restriction "is not a valid regulation of land use but an out-and-out plan of extortion." The commission won its attempt to require a permit for activity on a pharmaceutical limestone quarry owned by Granite Rock Company of Watsonville, California , in the United States Supreme Court case California Coastal Comm'n v. Granite Rock Co. Granite Rock's approved Forest Service permit to excavate pharmaceutical limestone expired by
2967-405: The commission can carry responsibilities which are highly politicized. The 12 appointed commissioners control zoning , compel property alterations, impose fines, bestow construction approvals or vetoes, and require public thoroughfares on private property. Separate from the appointed Commissioners are the commission's employed staff, numbering some 164 people during 2021–22. Jonathan Zasloff,
3036-616: The commission rejected a proposal for a freeway through San Onofre State Park in San Diego County. The decision was upheld by the U.S. Department of Commerce for this alternate route to congested Interstate 5 , Southern California's main north–south artery. In agreeing to end lawsuits brought by the state of California, the California Parks and Recreation Commission, the Native American Heritage Commission and
3105-664: The commission required restaurants on the San Diego beach to replace any street parking spaces "lost" to permanent outdoor dining structures (San Diego's "Spaces as Places" outdoor dining program) that had grown extremely popular after first being implemented on a temporary basis during the COVID pandemic with other parking spaces no more than 1,200 feet away. In 2018, a high-profile case was resolved without litigation: at tech billionaire Sean Parker 's 2013 wedding in Big Sur , where extensive staging
3174-455: The commission's fine of $ 1.9 million and will follow the restoration order requiring LADWP to apply for a coastal development permit to complete the project and to restore 9 acres (3.6 ha) of habitat within the coastal zone and an additional 17 acres (6.9 ha) outside the zone. In the 1980s, the commission denied the Remmenga family's petition to build a home 1 mi (1.6 km) from
3243-474: The cumulative impact of similar projects would in the future create or increase the need for a system of such compensating accessways." Jeff Peck and his business partner, Steve Barber, bought a large Half Moon Bay property for $ 3 million in 1999. Peck intended to build homes where his 17-year-old autistic daughter, Elizabeth, could live independently among friends after he dies. He proposed building 225,000 sq ft (20,900 m ) of office space on
3312-402: The downtown project because of insufficient plan conformity with height and density specifications. Commission district supervisor Ryan Maroney said the mass and scale of a building would impact the "coastal resources" of views, community character and aesthetics. In 2023, the commission lobbied against California state legislative proposals that would ease housing construction in areas under
3381-577: The environment. San Luis Obispo County gave the McCarthys a permit, but the commission vetoed it in 2021. In 2016, the commission denied a controversial proposal for 895 homes, a hotel, and shops from being built on an Orange County oil field overlooking the Pacific Ocean. The Los Angeles Times said the denial was an expression of frustration with competing staff and developer proposals. The site had been disturbed by nearly 70 years of oil production but
3450-400: The fines were attributed to the "egregious" nature of the Lent case. According to the commission, the California Coastal Act requires that "overnight accommodations in the Coastal Zone are [be] available at a range of price points." When permitting new hotels, they usually try to require 25% of bookings at expensive hotels be offered at lower rates, or, in the case of a developer who is adding
3519-446: The harbor and wanted to amend the LCP to allow a mixed-use development with up to 400 apartments as their selected developer said the project was only feasible with the housing. In 2020, the commission refused to override the denial by the city of Oxnard of land-use changes as that is only intended to be used in rare instances when a local government is standing in the way of the development of
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#17331291496033588-750: The mayor of Malibu commented: "The commission basically tells us what to do, and we're expected to do it. And in many cases that extends down to the smallest details imaginable, like what color you paint your houses, what kind of light bulbs you can use in certain places." The agency is tasked with protection of coastal resources, including shoreline public access and recreation, lower cost visitor accommodations, terrestrial and marine habitat protection, visual resources, landform alteration, agricultural lands, commercial fisheries , industrial uses, water quality, offshore oil and gas development, transportation, development design, power plants, ports, and public works. The commission's responsibilities are described in
3657-564: The movement, one of the cottages at Crystal Cove is called "Painter's Cottage." Crystal Cove is used by mountain bikers inland and scuba and skin divers underwater. The beach is popular with swimmers and surfers. Lifeguard services at Crystal Cove are provided by the California State Parks Lifeguard Service. Lifeguards patrol the beach year-round while lifeguard towers are staffed roughly Memorial Day weekend through Labor Day weekend. The offshore waters are designated as
3726-545: The process of replacing wooden power poles with steel poles to reduce wildfire risk, the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) graded fire roads and created new roads on Environmentally Sensitive Habitat Areas in Topanga State Park which destroyed almost 200 endangered Braunton's milkvetch plants on 9 acres (3.6 ha)(10% of those plants in the area). The city agreed that its utility will pay
3795-624: The project began under Executive Director Peter M. Douglas . In 2014, the McCarthy family sought permitting to construct a home on their property in San Luis Obispo County . The commission first denied permission telling the McCarthys to relocate a path that ran through the family's property. When the family offered a route to relocate the path and offered to pay for the work, the commission denied their petition because of impacts which included "lesser views for hikers" and significant impacts to
3864-676: The project's potential effect on traffic, noise, light, and views. In 2020, the commission required the elimination of basements for planned homes in Monterey because there was no way to be completely certain there were no artifacts on the sites in an archaeologically sensitive area, reversing the Monterey County Board of Supervisors' split approval of the projects. In 2020 and 2021, Santa Cruz city planners advocated housing projects including 175 apartments to be built downtown adjacent to Santa Cruz's main bus station. The commission opposed
3933-409: The property to help fund homes that would also be built to house 50 disabled people. The San Mateo County Board of Supervisors unanimously approved the project in 2011. In 2012 commissioners agreed with appeals filed against the project, saying the proposal would have too large of an impact on utilities, environment and traffic. Peck then filed a civil lawsuit against the commission and a complaint with
4002-495: The reuse plan in 1987 and local agencies approved a master plan in the 1990s. Critics of the development argued the Navy building should be built at a more secure site on a local base and that the downtown property should be developed as parkland for a more civic use, while plan supporters said the development will mean more economic development and additional reasons for visitors to go to the waterfront. The commission's legal opposition to
4071-457: The state Department of Fair Employment and Housing claiming that the commission's action discriminated against developmentally disabled people. Supporters of the development said the Coastal Commission had never approved any affordable housing for the disabled in the organization's 40-year history. That accusation was based on a cursory database search and does not prove anything, said Charles Lester, commission executive director in 2012. In 2008,
4140-422: The state's most affluent areas, and harmed the environment by defending parking infrastructure, blocking public transit and scuttling dense housing development, while proponents say that the Commission has protected open space, views, habitats, endangered species, and public coastal access. The commission is composed of 12 voting members, 6 chosen from the general public, and 6 appointed elected officials. Being on
4209-459: The state. In 2014, the commission appealed a San Diego project by the United States Navy because of environmental impacts. The Navy had awarded a 99-year lease to a developer to build a multi-use development including a 373,000 sq ft (34,700 m ) regional Navy headquarters at no cost to the public to replace buildings that dated to the 1920s. The U.S. Congress had authorized
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#17331291496034278-614: The time the case was decided. Critics of the commission's authority say it has exceeded its mission, violated the constitutional property rights of citizens, worsened the California housing shortage by limiting dense housing development and harmed the environment by defending parking infrastructure and blocking public transit projects. Proponents say that the Commission has protected open space, views, habitats, endangered species, and public coastal access, and therefore argue that it should be given even greater authority to control housing projects within its jurisdiction. Jeff Jennings,
4347-505: The works since 2022. By 2023, the CCC had yet to approve the development. In 2024, the CCC hired lobbyists to push back against California legislative proposals to ease housing construction in the state. In 2024, the CCC expressed opposition to the conversion of two lanes on a six-lane freeway in Monterey County into bus/carpool lanes. CCC argued that the bus/carpool lanes "would cause substantial impacts to coastal resources" and that
4416-545: Was a bill which would have created a state fund used to purchase threatened properties from homeowners, then rent them back to the resident to live in until it is no longer safe to do so. The California Coastal Commission was established in 1972 by voter initiative via Proposition 20 . This was partially in response to the controversy surrounding the development of Sea Ranch , a planned coastal community in Sonoma County . Sea Ranch's developer-architect, Al Boeke , envisioned
4485-433: Was an “erroneous and unreasonable” interpretation of the law. The Commission appealed the ruling, and observers have stated that the final result of this litigation will have far-reaching consequences on the future of California's coast. Currently, 14% of the whole of the California coastline, and 38% of Southern California beaches are protected with seawalls. One proposal to remedy this situation and allow managed retreat
4554-487: Was installed in an ecologically sensitive area without a proper permit, Parker cooperated with the Commission and created a mobile app named YourCoast to help visitors discover 1500 access points to beaches as well as report violations. He also paid $ 2.5 million in penalties even though the property owner was at fault and had illegally closed the area to the public for six years. The Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Half Moon Bay
4623-456: Was ordered to pay $ 1.6 million in penalties for failing to provide public access to its nearby beaches in 2019. Cars of hotel guests and golfers would be parked in public spaces by the valets or public access was simply denied to those spaces. In 2020, the commission fined 33 Newport Beach residents a total of $ 1.7 million because their yards encroached on the beach, and required that the beach be returned to its natural state. In 2019, during
4692-481: Was sold in 1864 to James Irvine , a financier from San Francisco , along with three other ranchers, however in 1876, when their sheep stock began to fail from drought, poor wool, and the increasingly competitive marketplace, James Irvine bought out his partners prior to his death. His son, James Irvine II, then inherited the ranch and began to expand the production of the land by leasing it to agriculturally diverse farmers, and formed " The Irvine Company " in 1894. Being
4761-477: Was still a crucial ecological refuge for plants and animals. In 2018, the commission approved 120 new oil wells in southeast Long Beach. The commission defended the approval, saying that the oil company swapped 150 acres of wetland to the city of Long Beach in exchange for the right to set up new oil wells. In 2020, the commission delayed construction of a two-story Newport Beach office building and garage with space for two tenants because neighbors objected to
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