Moulding ( British English ), or molding ( American English ), also coving (in United Kingdom, Australia), is a strip of material with various profiles used to cover transitions between surfaces or for decoration. It is traditionally made from solid milled wood or plaster , but may be of plastic or reformed wood. In classical architecture and sculpture, the moulding is often carved in marble or other stones . In historic architecture, and some expensive modern buildings, it may be formed in place with plaster .
21-605: Cray House may refer to: in the United States Cray House (Stevensville, Maryland) , listed on the NRHP Lorin Cray House , Mankato, Minnesota, listed on the NRHP Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Cray House . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
42-562: A cyma or cyma recta . Its shadow shows two dark bands with a light interior. Together the basic elements and their variants form a decorative vocabulary that can be assembled and rearranged in endless combinations. This vocabulary is at the core of both classical architecture and Gothic architecture . When practiced in the Classical tradition the combination and arrangement of mouldings are primarily done according to preconceived compositions. Typically, mouldings are rarely improvised by
63-405: A hall-parlor plan that had only one heated room per floor. Despite its small size, however, it was kitted out with full interior trim ; elements include beaded board partition and baseboards , a two-piece chair rail , refined trim and a mantel on the first floor. In addition to the main dwelling, a smokehouse stands on the property, at the rear of the lot. This structure is not original to
84-474: A cost-effective alternative that rival the aesthetic and function of traditional profiles. Common mouldings include : At their simplest, mouldings hide and help weather seal natural joints produced in the framing process of building a structure. As decorative elements, they are a means of applying light- and dark-shaded stripes to a structural object without having to change the material or apply pigments . Depending on their function they may be primarily
105-429: A means of hiding or weather-sealing a joint, purely decorative, or some combination of the three. As decorative elements the contrast of dark and light areas gives definition to the object. If a vertical wall is lit at an angle of about 45 degrees above the wall (for example, by the sun) then adding a small overhanging horizontal moulding, called a fillet moulding, will introduce a dark horizontal shadow below it. Adding
126-402: A vertical fillet to a horizontal surface will create a light vertical shadow. Graded shadows are possible by using mouldings in different shapes: the concave cavetto moulding produces a horizontal shadow that is darker at the top and lighter at the bottom; an ovolo ( convex ) moulding makes a shadow that is lighter at the top and darker at the bottom. Other varieties of concave moulding are
147-402: A wall and a ceiling), with an open space behind. Mouldings may be decorated with paterae as long, uninterrupted elements may be boring for eyes. Decorative mouldings have been made of wood , stone and cement . Recently mouldings have been made of extruded polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and expanded polystyrene (EPS) as a core with a cement-based protective coating. Synthetic mouldings are
168-533: Is a two-room house in Stevensville , Maryland . Built around 1809, it is a rare surviving example of post-and-plank construction, and of a build of small house which once dominated the local landscape. For these reasons it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The house was constructed in two stages, with the earliest portion dating to around 1809. The land upon which it stands
189-547: Is very much in keeping with other houses of its age from the surrounding area; such buildings were common in Tidewater Maryland well into the nineteenth century. Less common is the post-and-plank construction of the earliest portion of the house, unusual in Tidewater Maryland, and examples such as this, where the planks run from corner to corner, were virtually unknown before this example was found. The house has
210-407: The scotia and congé and other convex mouldings the echinus , the torus and the astragal. Placing an ovolo directly above a cavetto forms a smooth s -shaped curve with vertical ends that is called an ogee or cyma reversa moulding. Its shadow appears as a band light at the top and bottom but dark in the interior. Similarly, a cavetto above an ovolo forms an s with horizontal ends, called
231-713: The Cray House was listed separately. It is, however, located in the middle of the historic area, on Cockey Lane; behind it is the Stevensville Train Depot , while just down the street are the Old Post Office building and the Stevensville Bank . Molding (decorative) A "plain" moulding has right-angled upper and lower edges. A "sprung" moulding has upper and lower edges that bevel towards its rear, allowing mounting between two non-parallel planes (such as
SECTION 10
#1732851912629252-636: The Several Parts of Architecture . Pattern books can be credited for the regularization and continuity of classical architectural mouldings across countries and continents particularly during the colonial era, contributing to the global occurrence of Classical mouldings and elements. Pattern books remained common currency amongst architects and builders up until the early 20th century, but soon after mostly disappeared as Classical architecture lost favor to Modernist and post-war building practices that conscientiously stripped their buildings of mouldings. However,
273-433: The architect or builder, but rather follows established conventions that define the ratio, geometry, scale, and overall configuration of a moulding course or entablature in proportion to the entire building. Classical mouldings have their roots in ancient civilizations, with examples such the 'cornice cavetto' and 'papyriform columns' appearing in ancient Egyptian architecture , while Greek and Roman practices developed into
294-523: The highly the regulated classical orders . Necessary to the spread of Classical architecture was the circulation of pattern books , which provided reproducible copies and diagrammatic plans for architects and builders. Works containing sections and ratios of mouldings appear as early as the Roman era with Vitruvius and much later influential publications such as Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola's , Five Orders of Architecture , and James Gibbs's , Rules for Drawing
315-572: The house. The resulting structure is quite similar to a house style that was once relatively common during the late 18th and early 19th century in Queen Anne's County, Maryland . The house was auctioned publicly in 1914; its namesake, widow Nora Cray, later lived there with her nine children. In 1975 her heirs donated the house, and its lot, to the Kent Island Heritage Society, which group have restored and furnished it and opened it to
336-544: The known examples are either small farm buildings or have been adapted as kitchen wings for larger houses. The Cray House, along with two similar buildings in southern Maryland, remain the only examples of such a structure that have remained relatively intact as dwellings. The Cray House is one of a number of historic structures in Stevensville; many are grouped within the Stevensville Historic District , but
357-402: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cray_House&oldid=932777175 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Cray House (Stevensville, Maryland) The Cray House
378-415: The public. The earlier section of house remains fairly ordered; a central door on each facade is flanked by six-over-six-pane windows. The north gable end is a blank wall, and the chimney is "paneled", with its brickwork exposed up to the second floor. In these respects, the house is not unique, as several similar houses can still be found countywide. The modest size of the original house, too,
399-522: The site, but was moved to the house as a rare example of a once-common feature of houses in the region. It is currently operated as a gift shop in conjunction with the house-museum. When first discovered, the Cray House was thought to be a unique survival of an unusual type of post-and-plank construction. Subsequent investigations have shown that a number of these buildings remain, scattered throughout Tidewater Maryland. Unfortunately, almost all of these buildings are in threatened condition. The majority of
420-436: The study of formalized pattern languages, including mouldings, has since been revived through online resources and the popularity of new classical architecture in the early 21st century. The middle ages are characterized as a period of decline and erosion in the formal knowledge of Classical architectural principles. This eventually resulted in an amateur and 'malformed' use of moulding patterns that eventually developed into
441-406: Was once called Steven's Adventure, after Francis Stevens, to whom title was granted in 1694. The first section to be built, using an unusual sort of post-and-plank method, was a three- bay , 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 -story house. Later, a frame addition was made to the south end, also containing three bays. At this time the original roof was replaced by a gambrel roof , which ran the entire length of
SECTION 20
#1732851912629#628371