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24-476: [REDACTED] Look up cran in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Cran may refer to: C-RAN , cellular network architecture Comprehensive R Archive Network Cran (unit) , of uncleaned herring Representative Council of France's Black Associations Surname [ edit ] Chris Cran (born 1949), a Canadian painter James Cran (born 1944),

48-687: A British politician Places [ edit ] Rivière des Sept Crans , a river in Quebec, Canada Rivière du Cran , a river in Quebec, Canada Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Cran . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cran&oldid=1252222930 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description

72-582: A different complex geometry. The core walls are inclined at different angles and so are the corners which are also rounded with different radii. MEVA has developed and uses both standard and special formwork, or a combination of both, to meet the forming requirements for these complex building parts. Steel formwork, for example, is used for rounded corners if required for structural reasons. Trapezoidal areas of inclined cylindrical corner areas are poured with special Mammut 350 wall formwork panels and special designs of MEVA’s circular column formwork Circo are used for

96-604: A more theoretical course of studies in economics. In 1975, it was renamed to Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien . At the same time, the number of students began to increase dramatically. In 1983, it moved to a campus in Vienna 's 9th District . Due to further increasing student numbers during the 1990s the campus became too small. As a result, new university grounds had to be built in Vienna's 2nd district. The new Campus WU opened in October 2013, next to

120-497: A package, meaning that new releases of CRAN packages must always be backwards compatible , and that CRAN packages cannot have dependencies that are not on CRAN. It has also led to concerns about declining quality of packages. The Microsoft R Application Network (MRAN) is a mirror of CRAN maintained by Microsoft which is based on the company's downstream distribution of R, Microsoft R Open (formerly Revolution R Open). It also includes an archive of daily CRAN snapshots, branded as

144-570: Is a public research university in Vienna , Austria . The university received triple accreditation (AACSB, EQUIS and AMBA). WU was founded on 1 October 1898 as k.u.k. Exportakademie (in English: Export Academy) to provide professional training to future businessmen and thus stimulate the Austro-Hungarian empire 's economy . From humble beginnings as a professional school, it quickly grew to become an important institution, which

168-655: Is a central platform for the collaborative development of R packages, R-related software, and projects. R-Forge also hosts many unpublished beta packages, and development versions of CRAN packages. R is distributed with fifteen "base packages": base, compiler, datasets, grDevices, graphics, grid, methods, parallel, splines, stats, stats4, tcltk, tools, translations, and utils. In addition, there are fifteen "recommended packages" from CRAN which are included with binary distributions of R: KernSmooth, MASS, Matrix, boot, class, cluster, codetools, foreign, lattice, mgcv, nlme, nnet, rpart, spatial, and survival. A group of packages called

192-680: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Comprehensive R Archive Network Compared to libraries in other programming languages, R packages must conform to a relatively strict specification. The Writing R Extensions manual specifies a standard directory structure for R source code, data, documentation, and package metadata, which enables them to be installed and loaded using R's in-built package management tools. Packages distributed on CRAN must meet additional standards. According to John Chambers , whilst these requirements "impose considerable demands" on package developers, they improve

216-412: Is manually reviewed by a small team of CRAN maintainers, many of whom, according to R core developer Peter Dalgaard , are "approaching pensionable age", there is a concern that this system is not sustainable in the long term. The growth of CRAN has exposed limitations of its dependency management infrastructure, particularly the fact that it assumes that dependencies always refer to the latest version of

240-569: The Mines ParisTech: Professional Ranking of World Universities . The study obtained the higher education career of the CEOs of the world's leading 500 companies. WU was ranked 42nd in the "European Business School Ranking 2014" by Financial Times. The Global Executive MBA Program by WU Executive Academy was ranked 44th in the "Executive MBA Ranking 2015" by Financial Times. The university's master in international management program

264-415: The ggplot2 package). The R Infrastructure packages support coding and the development of R packages and as of 2021-05-04, Metacran lists 16 of these packages among the 25 most downloaded packages. Vienna University of Economics and Business The Vienna University of Economics and Business ( German : Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien , lit.   'University of Economy Vienna', WU )

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288-431: The tidyverse , which can be considered a "dialect of the R language", is increasingly popular in the R ecosystem. As of 2020-06-13, Metacran listed 7 of the 8 core packages of the tidyverse in the list of most downloaded R packages. The group of packages strives to provide a cohesive collection of functions to deal with common data science tasks, including data import, cleaning, transformation and visualisation (notably with

312-470: The usability and long-term stability of packages for end users. The Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) is R's central software repository , supported by the R Foundation. It contains an archive of the latest and previous versions of the R distribution, documentation, and contributed R packages. It includes both source packages and pre- compiled binaries for Windows and macOS . As of November 2020 , more than 16,000 packages are available. CRAN

336-469: The "CRAN Time Machine", which enables users of MRAN to bypass the dependency versioning limitations of CRAN by installing a fixed set of R package versions via the package checkpoint. In January 2023 Microsoft announced that MRAN was being retired and the associated websites and repositories became unavailable in July 2023. The Posit Package Manager (formerly RStudio Package Manager) is a similar tool produced by

360-635: The CRAN website lists a wide range of tasks (in fields such as finance, genetics, high performance computing, machine learning, medical imaging, meta-analysis , social sciences and spatial statistics) for which R packages are available. Another way to browse CRAN packages is provided by Metacran, which also maintains lists of featured, most downloaded, trending or most depended upon packages. The number of CRAN packages has grown exponentially for many years, and as of 2018 an average of 21 submissions of new or updated packages were made every day. Since each submission

384-589: The Vienna Fair Ground. In January 2015, Edeltraud Hanappi-Egger was elected rector of WU. She is the first woman in the history of the University to be elected rector. Her term began on 1 October 2015. Inaugurated in 2023, the current rector of the university is Rupert Sausgruber. The new location is dubbed "Campus WU" and had its groundbreaking ceremony in October 2009. Close to the Prater public park, and next to

408-616: The developers of RStudio which, in addition to CRAN snapshots, includes an archive of R packages from Bioconductor and Python packages from the Python Package Index . It also distributes pre-compiled binary packages for Linux (only Windows and macOS binaries are included on CRAN). The Bioconductor project provides R packages for the analysis of genomic data. This includes object-oriented data-handling and analysis tools for data from Affymetrix , cDNA microarray , and next-generation high-throughput sequencing methods. R-Forge,

432-534: The exhibition centre of Vienna, the campus features 6 main building complexes resting on approximately 25 acres (10 ha). The master plan was created by BUSarchitektur under the guidance of the architect Laura P. Spinadel . The buildings of the campus are designed by architectural firms from Spain, the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan and Austria. The dominant element of the campus is the Library & Learning Center, which

456-520: The tilted and rounded corners. The WU moved to the new site in September 2013, which is located at Welthandelsplatz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria. In 2009 Vienna University of Economics and Business was ranked as one of the best business schools in the German-speaking countries according to Handelsblatt, and in 2011 it was ranked 21st in the list of the 392 worldwide leading higher education institutions by

480-400: Was awarded the status of a fully-fledged Hochschule (an educational institution equivalent to a university, but specializing in a certain field such as technology or business or art) in 1919. At that time, it was renamed to Hochschule für Welthandel . The course of studies leading to the academic degree of Diplomkaufmann provided training preparing for the export and banking businesses and

504-495: Was created by Kurt Hornik and Friedrich Leisch in 1997, with the name paralleling other early packing systems such as TeX 's CTAN (released 1992) and Perl 's CPAN (released 1995). As of 2021 , it is still maintained by Hornik and a team of volunteers. The master site is located at the Vienna University of Economics and Business and is mirrored on servers around the world. The "Task Views" page (subject list) on

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528-548: Was planned by Zaha Hadid . Construction began in June 2010 and paved the way for the largest campus for business sciences in Europe. With a total investment of 492 million Euros and a planned construction period of 3 years, the project was concluded in 2013. Campus WU is situated close to the public transport hub Praterstern and is serviced by two stations of the underground line U2 and a number of buses. The LLC has five cores, each with

552-691: Was ranked 8th in the "Masters in Management Ranking 2016" by Financial Times. The university is part of the respected consortium of Europe's leading schools and corporate partners – Community of European Management Schools ( CEMS ). WU has achieved accreditation from the London-based Association of MBAs (AMBA), Brussels-based EQUIS and Tampa-based Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB International). Only 72 business universities worldwide can claim triple crown accreditation by EQUIS, AACSB, and AMBA. In September 2020

576-582: Was very practical, comprising courses in business administration, economics, law and others. In 1930, the Hochschule für Welthandel was granted the right to issue doctoral degrees . After World War II , the Hochschule für Welthandel increased its breadth in research. It started to become a very important institution in Austrian society at that time; most Austrian managers and many politicians received their university education here. From 1966 onward, it began to offer

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