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58-454: Air Toronto ( IATA : CS ,  ICAO : CNE ,  call sign : CONNECTOR ), previously Commuter Express , was a passenger airline based at Toronto Pearson International Airport . It primarily provided connector flights for passengers of Air Canada . Commuter Express was founded in 1984 by Soundair for scheduled commuter flights using Fairchild Metros . In 1988, with a contract to feed Air Canada at Toronto Pearson International Airport

116-712: A Junkers F.13 aircraft equipped with floats. The seaplane service ended in 1936 following the construction of the first aerodromes in Finland. Air raids on Helsinki and other Finnish cities made World War II a difficult period for the airline. Half of the fleet was requisitioned by the Finnish Air Force and it was estimated that, during the Winter War in 1939 and 1940, half of the airline's passengers from other Finnish cities were children being evacuated to Sweden . The Finnish government wanted longer routes, so it acquired

174-873: A Purser , and three stripes for a Purser/Chief Purser. Additionally, some female Pursers have a white vertical stripe on their dresses or blouses indicating their years of service. Finnair requires its cabin crew to wear gloves during take-off and landing for safety reasons. Finnair's previous cabin crew uniform was named the fifth most stylish uniform by the French magazine Bon Voyage . Finnair has several partnerships with following companies and airlines including Alaska Airlines , American Airlines , British Airways , Deutsche Bahn (DB) , Chinese JD.com , Japan Airlines and Marimekko . Finnair flies from its Helsinki hub to over 80 destinations in over 35 countries in Asia , Europe and North America . Finnair also serves six destinations in

232-431: A call sign that is normally spoken during airband radio transmissions. As specified by ICAO Annex 10 chapter 5.2.1.7.2.1 a call sign shall be one of the following types: The one most widely used within commercial aviation is type C. The flight identification is very often the same as the flight number, though this is not always the case. In case of call sign confusion a different flight identification can be chosen, but

290-627: A car park right next to its previous head office located in Tietotie 11, on the grounds of Helsinki Airport . The construction of HOTT began in July 2011 and finished on time in June 2013. The previous head office had been in use since 1994, then replacing a head office located in Helsinki city centre. The last Helsinki head office, which had Aarne Ehojoki  [ fi ] as its designer, opened in 1972; in 2016 it

348-704: A five-year agreement signed on 7 November 2011. As of 2022, it transported about 2.9 million passengers, a substantial decrease from 2019 as COVID-19 pandemic shut down airports and airlines due to travel restrictions. At the end of 2022, the airline employed 5,325 people on average. From 2022 onwards, the Russian airspace closure resulting from the Russian invasion of Ukraine has forced Finnair to suspend some services to Asia. In March 2023, Finnair announced it would terminate domestic flights from both Tampere and Turku to Helsinki in favor of coach service due to low demand and

406-600: A majority stake in the company in 1946 and re-established services to Europe in November 1947, initially using the Douglas DC-3 . In 1953, the airline began branding itself as Finnair. The Convair 440 twin-engined pressurised airliner was acquired from January 1953, and these faster aircraft were operated on the company's longer routes as far as London . In 1961, Finnair joined the jet age by adding Rolls-Royce Avon -engined Caravelles to its fleet. These were later exchanged with

464-469: A result of mergers, acquisitions, or change in company name or status; British Airways uses BOAC 's old callsign (" Speedbird "), as British Airways was formed by a merger of BOAC and British European Airways . Country names can also change over time and new call signs may be agreed in substitution for traditional ones. The country shown alongside an airline's call sign is that wherein most of its aircraft are believed to be registered, which may not always be

522-500: A stopover in Anchorage took up to 16 hours, giving Finnair a competitive edge. In the spring of 1986, Soviet regulators finally cleared the way for Air France and Japan Airlines to fly nonstop Paris-Tokyo services over Soviet airspace, putting Finnair at a disadvantage. Finnair launched a Helsinki- Beijing route in 1988, making Finnair the first Western European carrier to fly non-stop between Europe and China . In 1989, Finnair became

580-400: A total of 336 seats. This second seat configuration was initially planned to be used on routes with less business class demand such as Bangkok, Beijing, and Seoul, as well as on routes to leisure destinations but they have also been utilized on other busy routes such as Shanghai , Osaka , and Tokyo . Finnair has modified its previous fleet plan to retire two of Airbus A330 aircraft, which

638-509: Is the fifth oldest airline in continuous operation and is consistently listed as one of the safest in the world. The company's slogans are Designed for you and The Nordic Way. In 1923, consul Bruno Lucander founded Finnair as Aero O/Y ( Aero Ltd ). The company code, "AY", stands for Aero Osake-yhtiö ("yhtiö" means "company" in Finnish). Lucander had previously run the Finnish operations of

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696-496: Is 40% owned by Finnair. The airline uses a fleet of ATR 72-500 aircraft, leased from Finnair, and Embraer 190 aircraft, both painted in Finnair livery. The airline began operations on 20 October 2011 as a joint venture between Flybe and Finnair. The airline has operated under Finnair's flight code since 1 May 2015. In 2013, Finnair opened its new head office, known as House of Travel and Transportation (or "HOTT"), on what used to be

754-497: Is a 3-digit number, referenced by IATA and unique among all the airlines, used to identify the airline in various accounting activities such as ticketing. For instance, Lufthansa Cargo (LH/GEC) has been assigned 020 as accounting code, and all the flight tickets issued by that airline start with "020-". The IATA code search page references the accounting code for every airline having one. Finnair Finnair Plc ( Finnish : Finnair Oyj , Swedish : Finnair Abp )

812-530: Is allocated both a three-letter designator and a telephony designator . These codes are unique by airline, unlike the IATA jf designator codes (see section above). The designators are listed in ICAO Document 8585: Designators for Aircraft Operating Agencies, Aeronautical Authorities and Services . ICAO codes have been issued since 1947. The ICAO codes were originally based on a two-letter system and were identical to

870-769: Is also used on some long-haul flights such as to Dubai . ATR 72-500 and Embraer 190 are operated by Nordic Regional Airlines and are also used on domestic and European flights. Finnair received its first Airbus A330-300s on 27 March 2009. Now the airline has eight of them in its fleet. As of July 2023, the airline utilizes the A330 on intercontinental flights from Helsinki to Delhi , Mumbai , New York , Chicago , Seattle and Doha . The A330s are powered by General Electric CF6 -80E1 engines. The aircraft are also being used on European services to Brussels and Amsterdam . On 8 March 2007, Finnair firmed up its orders for 11 Airbus A350 aircraft with 8 options. On 3 December 2014, it

928-451: Is looking for suitable narrow-body aircraft for long-haul use. On 18 December 2015, Finnair decided to improve the space efficiency of its current Airbus narrow-body fleet due to a growing need for feeder traffic capacity. The value of the investment is approximately EUR 40 million, and it includes 22 narrow-body Airbus aircraft in Finnair's fleet. The cabin layout change excludes five A321 aircraft, which are already configured according to

986-503: Is the flag carrier and largest full-service legacy airline of Finland , with headquarters in Vantaa on the grounds of Helsinki Airport , its hub . Finnair and its subsidiaries dominate both domestic and international air travel in Finland. Its major shareholder is the government of Finland , which owns 55.9% of its shares. Finnair is a member of the Oneworld airline alliance . Finnair

1044-465: Is the concatenation of the airline designator, xx(a), and the numeric flight number , n(n)(n)(n), plus an optional one-letter "operational suffix" (a). Therefore, the full format of a flight designator is xx(a)n(n)(n)(n)(a). After an airline is delisted, IATA can make the code available for reuse after six months and can issue "controlled duplicates". Controlled duplicates are issued to regional airlines whose destinations are not likely to overlap, so that

1102-1031: The Airbus A350 . As of November 2019, Finnair had 14 A350-900s, with a further 5 to be delivered between 2020 and 2022. The Finnish flag carrier also has considered switching some of the orders for the Airbus A350-900 to the Airbus A350-1000 aircraft but decided to keep the orders for only the A350-900. At the beginning of 2017, Finnair revealed plans to add more seats to some of the Airbus A350 aircraft in order to increase capacity by up to 13%. The new seat configuration has 32 seats in Business Class , 42 seats in Economy Comfort Class, and 262 in Economy Class ,

1160-695: The North Pole and back south through the Bering Strait , avoiding Soviet airspace. However, Finnair did not have to make a roundabout because of the Soviet regulation on this route, but the Japanese authorities demanded it (as JAL requested strongly). The aircraft was fitted with extra fuel tanks, taking 13 hours for the trip. The routes through Soviet airspace and with a stopover in Moscow also took 13 hours, but flights with

1218-481: The United States . Those routes have been discontinued. On 28 February 2022, Russia closed its airspace as a countermeasure to EU airspace closure. This meant many changes to Finnair's Asian services, as most of Finnair's flights between Europe and Asia had used the shortest, fastest, and most environmentally sound route over Russia. In response, on 9 March 2022, flight AY073 departed from Helsinki to Tokyo Narita via

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1276-453: The 1970s the abbreviation BA was the ICAO code and the IATA code of British Airways , while non-IATA members like Court Line used their two-letter abbreviation as ICAO code only. In 1982 ICAO introduced the current three-letter system due to the increasing number of airlines. After a transitional period of five years, it became the official new ICAO standard system in November 1987 while IATA kept

1334-484: The 2016 plan, it was planned to grow to 22 in 2020, and to 26 in 2023. However, should market conditions be weaker than expected, Finnair has the flexibility to return the wide-body fleet to a total of 15 aircraft in 2019 and to maintain it at this level through to 2023. Some of the new A350 aircraft will increase the number of aircraft operated by Finnair. Finnair's current special liveries are Marimekko "Kivet", Marimekko 50th anniversary "Unikko", Oneworld liveries, and

1392-518: The Christmas special "Reindeer" liveries. Past Finnair special liveries include "Marimekko Unikko", " Moomins ", " Santa Claus ", 1950s retro livery and Angry Birds . Finnair has previously operated the following equipment: In the early 1980s the fleet of the Finnaviation subsidiary consisted of: an Aero Commander 690 , a Beech 95-A55 Baron , Cessna F150J (2), a Cessna 401B , a Cessna F172M ,

1450-486: The Estonian airline Aeronaut . In mid-1923, he concluded an agreement with Junkers Flugzeugwerke AG to provide aircraft and technical support in exchange for a 50% ownership in the new airline. The charter establishing the company was signed in Helsinki on 12 September 1923, and the company was entered into the trade register on 11 December 1923. The first flight was on 20 March 1924, from Helsinki to Tallinn , Estonia , on

1508-501: The North Pole. Back in 1983, Finnair was the first airline to fly non-stop from Europe to Japan by flying over the North Pole – so operating in the polar region is not new to Finnair. Finnair announced a new route to Dallas/Fort Worth in 2022. Finnair also reintroduced flights to Seattle/Tacoma in 2022. Finnair codeshares with the following airlines: In addition to the above codeshares, Finnair has joint venture agreements with

1566-604: The United States. Previously the airline has served Africa and South America , including countries such as Egypt , Colombia and Brazil , but primarily on a leisure basis. Finnair has over 10 domestic destinations. Domestic flights are operated in co-operation with the airline's subsidiary Nordic Regional Airlines . In 2021, Finnair opened five routes from Stockholm–Arlanda to Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi and Phuket in Thailand , as well as New York–JFK , Miami and Los Angeles in

1624-428: The airline codes used by IATA. After an airline joined IATA its existing ICAO two-letter code was taken over as IATA code. Because both organizations used the same code system, the current terms ICAO code and IATA code did not exist until the 1980s. They were commonly called two-letter airline designators. At that time it was impossible to find out whether an airline was an IATA member or not just by looking at its code. In

1682-437: The call sign, are normally mentioned by the main news media. Some call signs are less obviously associated with a particular airline than others. This might be for historic reasons ( South African Airways uses the callsign "Springbok", hearkening back to the airline's old livery which featured a springbok ), or possibly to avoid confusion with a call sign used by an established airline. Companies' assigned names may change as

1740-540: The codes themselves are described in IATA's Airline Coding Directory . (Both are published semiannually.) The IATA codes were originally based on the ICAO designators which were issued in 1947 as two-letter airline identification codes (see the section below). IATA expanded the two-character-system with codes consisting of a letter and a digit (or vice versa) e.g. EasyJet 's U2 after ICAO had introduced its current three-letter-system in 1982. Until then only combinations of letters were used. Airline designator codes follow

1798-596: The color scheme for the tail fin favoring a white background with a blue stylized logo . The outline of the globe was also removed from the tail fin. The current uniform was designed by Ritva-Liisa Pohjalainen and launched in December 2011. Finnair has codes to indicate the rank of crew members: One stripe in the sleeve (or epaulettes in the case of male crew wearing vests ) for normal Cabin Crew , two stripes for Senior Cabin Crew (only for outsourced Spanish crew) acting as

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1856-667: The company's official name was changed to Finnair Oyj . In 1999, Finnair joined the Oneworld airline alliance. In 2001, Finnair reused the name "Aero" when establishing Aero Airlines , a subsidiary airline based in Tallinn , Estonia . In 2003, Finnair acquired ownership of the Swedish low-cost airline , FlyNordic , which operated mainly within Scandinavia . In 2007, Finnair sold all its shares in FlyNordic to Norwegian Air Shuttle . As part of

1914-520: The current delivery schedule, it will receive two A350 aircraft per year in 2019, 2020, and 2021, and one in 2022. Altogether, Finnair had 19 A350 aircraft in 2022. Due to an aging narrow-body fleet, Finnair plans to retire the Airbus A320 family and replace them with new generation aircraft. The airline estimates to invest up to €4 billion in fleet renewal between 2020 and 2025. Revealed at its Capital Markets Day on November 12, 2019, Finnair plans to grow

1972-512: The destinations served by the airline were in the United States and were served to feed Air Canada's Toronto hub. Airline codes#IATA airline designator .IATA airline designators, sometimes called IATA reservation codes, are two-character codes assigned by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) to the world's airlines . The standard is described in IATA's Standard Schedules Information Manual and

2030-624: The early 1980s Finnair held a 60% shareholding. Finnaviation was eventually completely merged into Finnair. In 1981, Finnair opened routes to Seattle and Los Angeles . Finnair became the first operator to fly non-stop from Western Europe to Japan , operating Helsinki– Tokyo flights with a modified McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30ER in April 1983. Until then, flights had to go via Moscow ( Aeroflot , SAS , BA ) or Anchorage (most carriers) due to Soviet airspace restrictions, but Finnair circumvented these by flying directly north from Helsinki, over

2088-476: The end of 2017 and replace them with brand new A350 aircraft. As of 1 February 2017, all Airbus A340 aircraft are withdrawn from the fleet. The very last A340 (OH-LQE) operated its last flight from Tokyo to Helsinki on 1 February 2017. Finnair firmed up orders for eight additional A350 aircraft on 3 December 2014. The first A350 was delivered to Finnair in October 2015 and the airline became the first European operator of

2146-582: The fact that it has been in place for twenty years. The codes issued to date comply with IATA Resolution 762, which provides for only two characters. These codes thus comply with the current airline designator standard, but use only a limited subset of its possible range. There are three types of designator: unique, numeric/alpha and controlled duplicate (explained below): IATA airline designators are used to identify an airline for commercial purposes in reservations, timetables , tickets , tariffs , air waybills and in telecommunications . A flight designator

2204-516: The first European airline to operate the A350 to the United States. Finnair sometimes uses the A350 on the morning AY1331 flight from Helsinki to London–Heathrow to carry extra freight as well. Also, AY121/122 operating to New Delhi is also being served by the A350 as of 1 Nov 2022. Finnair took delivery of its first A350 aircraft on 7 October 2015, becoming the third airline to operate the aircraft, after Qatar Airways and Vietnam Airlines . According to

2262-594: The first three characters of the ticket number. IATA airline designators are usually kept even if the airline changes name, so the code does not match the name anymore. For example, AY was given to Aero OY, now Finnair , and FI was given to Flugfélag Íslands, now Icelandair . The ICAO airline designator is a code assigned by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to aircraft operating agencies, aeronautical authorities, and services related to international aviation, each of which

2320-420: The flight number will remain the same. Call sign confusion happens when two or more flights with similar flight numbers fly close to each other, e.g., KLM 645 and KLM 649 or Speedbird 446 and Speedbird 664. The flight number is published in an airline's public timetable and appears on the arrivals and departure screens in the airport terminals. In cases of emergency, the airline name and flight number, rather than

2378-625: The following airlines: As of November 2024 , Finnair operates the following aircraft: Finnair received its first narrow-body aircraft manufactured by Airbus , the Airbus A321 , on 28 January 1999. Now the airline operates a fleet of up to 19 A321s. The first Airbus A319 aircraft was delivered to Finnair on 20 September 1999. Since then, Finnair has received 11 A319s, but three of them are now retired. Finnair utilizes Airbus A319, A320 , and A321 aircraft on domestic and European flights. The Airbus A321-231 , which are equipped with Sharklets ,

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2436-399: The format xx(a), i.e., two alphanumeric characters (letters or digits) followed by an optional letter. Although the IATA standard provides for three-character airline designators, IATA has not used the optional third character in any assigned code. This is because some legacy computer systems, especially the "central reservations systems", have failed to comply with the standard, notwithstanding

2494-537: The international language of aviation. For example, Air France ' callsign is "Airfrans"; 'frans' is the phonetic spelling of 'France'. In the previous years, alpha-numeric callsigns have been adopted by airlines (mostly in Europe) to minimise callsign confusion over the radio. This kind of callsign may include a combination of: a digit and a letter, digit and two letters, or two-digits and one letter. e.g. Airfrans 65 Kilo (AFR65K). The airline accounting code, or prefix code,

2552-595: The launch customer for the McDonnell Douglas MD-11 , the first of which was delivered on 7 December 1990. The first revenue service with the MD-11 took place on 20 December 1990, with OH-LGA operating a flight from Helsinki to Tenerife in the Canary Islands . In 1997, the subsidiaries Kar-Air and Finnaviation became wholly owned by Finnair and were integrated into the mainline operations. On 25 September 1997,

2610-421: The manufacturer for Pratt & Whitney JT8D -engined Super Caravelles. In 1962, Finnair acquired a 27% controlling interest in a private Finnish airline, Kar-Air . Finnair Oy became the company's official name on 25 June 1968. In 1969, it took possession of its first U.S. made jet, a Douglas DC-8 . The first transatlantic service to New York was inaugurated on 15 May 1969. In the 1960s, Finnair's head office

2668-503: The name was changed to Air Toronto and the Metros were replaced with Jetstream 31 aircraft. In 1990, the airline's parent company, Soundair, entered receivership, but Air Toronto was continued to operate as a separate entity as it was profitable. On October 1, 1991, Air Toronto started flying under Ontario Express and the two airlines merged in December 1991. The following destinations were served by Air Toronto during its existence. All of

2726-445: The older two-letter system that was introduced by ICAO in 1947. Certain combinations of letters are not allocated, to avoid confusion with other systems. Other designators, particularly those starting with Y and Z, are reserved for government organizations. The designator YYY is used for operators that do not have a code allocated. An example is: A timeline of the airline designators used by American Airlines: Most airlines employ

2784-1150: The plan, having 209 seats. The cabin reconfiguration was estimated to take two weeks per aircraft during 2017. The reconfiguration adds 6 to 13 seats depending on the aircraft type, increasing the passenger capacity of Finnair's Airbus narrow-body fleet as measured by available seat kilometers by close to 4 percent. Finnair also planned to increase its narrow-body fleet. As a first step, Finnair leased eight Airbus A321 narrow-body aircraft from BOC Aviation . Finnair has occasionally suffered from aircraft shortages and therefore has resorted to leased and wet-leased aircraft. For instance, in March 2016, Finnair announced it would lease two Airbus A321 aircraft from Air Berlin for Finnair's European operations. These two aircraft were delivered in late April 2016 to Finnair. The airline used these A321s on flights from Helsinki to Amsterdam , Berlin , Copenhagen , Dubrovnik , Düsseldorf , Ljubljana , Paris , Split , Vienna , and Zürich . On 15 December 2016, Finnair announced it would lease two Airbus A321s from CDB Aviation Lease Finance. The first aircraft

2842-413: The same as the country in which the firm is officially incorporated or registered. There are many other airlines in business whose radio call signs are more obviously derived from the trading name. The callsign should ideally resemble the operator's name or function and not be confused with callsigns used by other operators. The callsign should be easily and phonetically pronounceable in at least English,

2900-507: The same code is shared by two airlines. The controlled duplicate is denoted here, and in IATA literature, with an asterisk (*). An example of this is the code "7Y", which refers to both Mid Airlines , a charter airline in Sudan , and Med Airways , a charter airline in Lebanon (ceased 2015, but did actually fly to Sudan) IATA also issues an accounting or prefix code. This number is used on tickets as

2958-825: The short distance. The key trends for Finnair are shown below (for each year ending 31 December): The group's parent company is Finnair Plc, which is listed on the Nasdaq Helsinki Stock Exchange and domiciled in Helsinki at the registered address Tietotie 9, Vantaa . The State of Finland is the major shareholder (55.8%), with no other shareholder owning more than 5% of shares. Two subsidiary companies, Finnair Cargo Oy and Finnair Cargo Terminal Operations Oy, form Finnair's cargo business. The offices of both companies are at Helsinki Airport . Finnair Cargo uses Finnair's fleet on its cargo operations. Finnair Cargo has three hubs: Nordic Regional Airlines (Norra)

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3016-479: The size of its fleet from the current 83 (as of November 2019) to approximately 100 by 2025, of which 70% is planned to be narrow-body aircraft and 30% wide-body aircraft . One-third of the total investment sum would be used for growth, while two-thirds would be to replace the current fleet. According to Bloomberg, Finnair will replace the old aircraft with either Airbus A320neo family or Boeing 737 MAX new-generation aircraft. The carrier has also revealed that it

3074-646: The transaction, Finnair acquired 4.8% of the latter company, becoming its third largest shareholder. Finnair later sold their shares in 2013. On 8 March 2007, Finnair became the first airline to order the Airbus A350 XWB aircraft, placing an order for 11 Airbus A350 XWB (plus 8 options), with delivery started in 2015. Finnair has suffered from many labour disputes in this period, resulting from cost-cutting measures prompted by competition from budget airlines. On 1 December 2011, Finnair transferred its baggage and apron services to Swissport International as per

3132-715: Was announced that Finnair had firmed up the contract for eight additional Airbus A350 aircraft deliveries starting in 2018. On 13 August 2014, Finnair announced plans to initially deploy its A350 aircraft on services to Bangkok, Beijing and Shanghai from 2015, with A350 services to Hong Kong and Singapore to be added in 2016. As of April 2019, Finnair operates the Airbus A350 to Bangkok , Beijing , Guangzhou , Hong Kong , Ho Chi Minh City , Krabi , Los Angeles , Nagoya , Osaka , Phuket , Puerto Vallarta , Seoul , Shanghai , Singapore and Tokyo . Finnair also operated A350 aircraft on several flights to New York in January 2016 and became

3190-403: Was being converted into a warehouse. The new mixed-use head office has a total floor space of 70,000 square metres (750,000 sq ft) and 22,400 square metres (241,000 sq ft) of office space. The company revealed a new livery in December 2010. Major changes include a restyled and larger lettering on the aircraft body , repainting of the engines in white, and a reversal of

3248-407: Was established in 2014. The 2016 fleet plan now involves keeping its A330 fleet as its A350s are delivered, rather than withdrawing two of them in 2017, and shall retire those aircraft in the 2020s at the earliest. The airline's plan to retire two A330s was not the only change that was planned. Under the previous plan, the long-haul fleet was to grow by one per year, from 15 in 2015 to 20 in 2020. Under

3306-532: Was in Helsinki. Finnair received its first wide-body aircraft in 1975, two DC-10-30 planes. The first of these arrived on 4 February 1975 and entered service on 14 February 1975, flying between Helsinki and New York , later between Helsinki and Las Palmas . Finnair created Finnaviation was established in 1979. It was formed from the reorganization of Wihuri OY Finnwings (which had started services in 1950 as Lentohuolto OY ) and its merging with Nordair OY . Scheduled domestic services began in October 1979. In

3364-459: Was scheduled for delivery to Finnair for the 2017/2018 winter season and the second for the 2018 summer season. Seven of the ordered aircraft were delivered in 2017. The Finnair-branded short-haul network also includes 24 regional aircraft operated by Nordic Regional Airlines (12 ATR 72 and 12 E-190). Finnair announced the order for 11 Airbus A350 XWB aircraft and 8 options on 8 March 2007. Finnair planned to retire older Airbus A340 aircraft by

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