Navy, pink
21-592: The Cleveland Infants were a one-year baseball team in the Players' League , a short-lived Major League that existed only for the 1890 season. Owned by Al Johnson , the Infants finished 1890 , their lone season, with 55 wins and 75 losses. Their home games were played at Brotherhood Park . The team included future Baseball Hall of Famer Ed Delahanty , and the league's batting champion, Pete Browning . The Infants featured star hitter Pete Browning . Browning had defected to
42-626: A "classification system" which limited players' salaries based on their classification on a scale from A–E, "A" players being the highest-paid. The Brotherhood, which had 107 players in 1886, announced its intention to leave the NL on November 4, 1889. After being advised by Brotherhood lawyers not to incorporate before each individual team incorporated, the PL was launched on December 16, 1889, with clubs from Boston , New York , Philadelphia , Brooklyn , Buffalo , Chicago , Cleveland , and Pittsburgh . Salary for
63-611: A .373 batting average, and Hardy Richardson with 146 RBI. For pitchers, Mark Baldwin had 34 wins, Silver King had a 2.69 ERA, and Mark Baldwin struck out 211 batters. On June 21, King threw an unofficial eight-inning no-hitter. Oddly, in its one season of operation, the Players League saw seven triple plays : the Giants on June 14, the Red Stockings on June 30, the Pirates on July 15,
84-689: The Congress Street Grounds in the 1890s. The team took its name from the successful Boston club of the National Association and National League often known as the (Boston) Red Stockings . The club lasted only two seasons, but in those two seasons they were league champions. In 1890 the Reds won the Players' League pennant when they finished first ahead of the New York Giants , and then won
105-590: The New York Mets in their first two seasons. It was also the site of many other famous sporting events through its 75 years of existence. Boston Reds (1890%E2%80%9391) Red, black, white The Boston Reds were a 19th-century baseball team located in Boston, Massachusetts that played in the Players' League in 1890 and in the American Association in 1891. They played in
126-517: The Pittsburgh Alleghenys signed Bierbauer over the objections of the AA's Philadelphia Athletics , the team he had played with before joining the Players' League, caused a schism between the NL and the AA, and the AA failed a year later, reducing the total number of major league teams (and players), giving the remaining owners much greater leverage against the players. One benefit of the league, from
147-413: The 1890 season. Although the league was started by the players themselves, essentially as an elaborate job-action to improve their lot, the venture proved to be a setback for them in the longer term. The infamous reserve clause remained intact, and would remain thus for the next 85 years or so. The already-shaky AA had been further weakened by the presence of the PL. The Lou Bierbauer incident, in which
168-603: The 19th century. The PL was formed by the Brotherhood of Professional Base Ball Players in November 1889, after a dispute over pay with the National League (NL) and American Association (AA). The NL had implemented a reserve clause in 1879, which limited the ability of players to negotiate across teams for their salaries; both the AA and NL had passed a salary cap of US$ 2,000 per player in 1885, equivalent to $ 58,224 in 2023;
189-688: The American Association pennant when they finished first ahead of the St. Louis Browns (now the Cardinals). The Boston Reds are one of two major league teams to win back-to-back pennants spanning two different leagues. The Brooklyn Dodgers did it also, winning the AA pennant in 1889 and the NL pennant in 1890, while football's Cleveland Browns won the AAFC championship in 1949 and the NFL championship in 1950. The Reds are also
210-399: The NL and the American Association passed a salary limit of US$ 2,000 per player, equivalent to $ 58,224 in 2023. After the change, the Brotherhood of Professional Base Ball Players, an organization once focused on issues such as helping former players' widows, turned to labor issues. The club owners agreed to remove the salary cap in 1887, but reneged on their promise, and instead instituted
231-410: The NL established a reserve clause by which teams could "reserve" five players per year that could not sign or negotiate with other teams without permission from the owner of the team on which the reserved player was signed. This was an effort to limit player's salaries to reduce club losses. By the mid-1880s, the reserve clause had been expanded to eleven players per team, and after the 1885 season
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#1732852368666252-513: The National League. The PL lasted just the one season of 1890, and the Boston franchise won the championship. Although known to historians as the Players' League, newspapers often reported the standings with the shorthand titles of "League," "Association," and "Brotherhood." The PL was well-attended, at least in some cities, but was underfunded, and its owners lacked the confidence to continue beyond
273-564: The Pirates again on July 30, the Burghers on August 15, Ward's Wonders on September 6, and the Bisons on September 29. The Boston and Philadelphia franchises joined the American Association after the Players' League folded, and both folded together with the AA after the 1891 season. The PL franchises in Brooklyn, New York , Chicago and Pittsburgh each merged with their National League counterparts after
294-420: The Players' League from the American Association 's Louisville Colonels , who had finished the 1889 season with a 27–111 win–loss record . Browning hit for a .373 batting average in 1890, leading the Players' League. He also led the league in doubles. At one point during the season, he was running the bases and broke up a no-hitter by pitcher Ad Gumbert in the ninth inning of a game. With two outs, Browning
315-492: The management standpoint, was the construction of new facilities, several of which were used for a while by the established major league clubs. The most prominent of these was a new Polo Grounds , originally constructed as Brotherhood Park for the New York Giants of the Players League. Afterwards it became the home of the National League's New York Giants from 1891 to 1957 (it was rebuilt in steel and concrete in 1911) and of
336-575: The one season. Professional baseball had existed in America since at least 1871, when the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players (NA) formed; two years earlier the Cincinnati Red Stockings of the NA paid salaries to ten of their players. In 1876, the National League (NL) was formed, absorbing six of the best teams from the NA, which then folded. In September 1879, in a secret meeting,
357-413: The only Major League team that never failed to win a pennant. At the conclusion of the 1891 season, the National League pressed for the consolidation of the American Association with the National League. Part of the posturing included the National League directing its champion Boston not to play the Reds in a World Series . The leagues settled, adding four AA clubs to a combined circuit. As part of
378-443: The owners of the NL had agreed to remove the salary cap in 1887 but failed to do so. Major League Baseball (MLB) considers the PL a "major" league for official statistical purposes. The Brotherhood included most of the best players of the National League . Brotherhood members, led by John Montgomery Ward , left the National League and formed the Players' League after failing to change the lopsided player–management relationship of
399-499: The players for the 1890 season was set to the salary they had received in 1889, except that those affected by the classification system received their 1888 salary. The salaries were paid by gate receipts. In 1968, the MLB's Special Baseball Records Committee determined the PL was a "major league" for official statistical purposes. The Players League Triple Crown leaders were Hall-of-Famer Roger Connor with 14 home runs, Pete Browning with
420-485: The settlement, the owners of the four clubs not joining the combined circuit, including the Reds, were paid $ 135,000 and their players dispersed to the surviving clubs. Their abandoned ballpark was revived for use by the National League club in 1894, during the weeks that South End Grounds was being rebuilt following a fire. The Congress Street Grounds, with its close left field foul line, quickly gained some more history, as Bobby Lowe hit four home runs in one game there,
441-438: Was on first base after being hit by a pitch. The batter hit a ground ball and Browning let the ball hit his foot, rendering himself out but crediting the batter with a hit under the rules of that era. Infielders Players%27 League The Players' National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs , popularly known as the Players' League (PL), was a short-lived but star-studded American professional baseball league of
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