Chipewyan / ˌ tʃ ɪ p ə ˈ w aɪ ə n / or Dënesųłinë́ (ethnonym: Dënesųłinë́ yatié IPA: [tènɛ̀sũ̀ɬìné jàtʰìɛ́] ), often simply called Dëne , is the language spoken by the Chipewyan people of northwestern Canada . It is categorized as part of the Northern Athabaskan language family . It has nearly 12,000 speakers in Canada, mostly in Saskatchewan , Alberta , Manitoba and the Northwest Territories . It has official status only in the Northwest Territories, alongside eight other aboriginal languages : Cree , Tlicho , Gwich'in , Inuktitut , Inuinnaqtun , Inuvialuktun , North Slavey and South Slavey .
18-446: The Clearwater River Dene Nation ( Chipewyan : Tı̨tëlase tué ) is a Dene First Nations band government in the boreal forest area of northern Saskatchewan , Canada. It maintains offices in the village of Clearwater River situated on the eastern shore of Lac La Loche . The Clearwater River Dene Nation reserve of Clearwater River shares its southern border with the village of La Loche . Whitefish Lake, now called Garson Lake ,
36-740: A few houses in the 1970s. In 1820 the trading posts of the Hudson's Bay Company and the North West Company were located on the lake in that area. The village of Clearwater River has grown rapidly since 1979 when it was first officially created. The population increased from 301 in 1986 to 778 in 2011. Some of this increase was from members living in La Loche who relocated to Clearwater River as housing became available. As of June, 2016 there were 2,040 registered members with 844 members living on-reserve or on crown land and 1196 members living off-reserve. CRDN
54-514: A result, Dënesųłinë́ has 24 phonemic vowels: Dënesųłinë́ also has 9 oral and nasal diphthongs of the form vowel + /j/ . Dënesųłinë́ has two tones: Download coordinates as: Reindeer Lake Reindeer Lake is a large lake in Western Canada located on the border between north-eastern Saskatchewan and north-western Manitoba , with the majority in Saskatchewan. The name of
72-429: Is Norvil Olson Campground ( 56°20′10″N 103°16′57″W / 56.3360°N 103.2825°W / 56.3360; -103.2825 ), which is a provincial recreation site . The park has a free campground, lake access, and a boat launch. Access is from Highway 102 . Several bays and islands on Reindeer Lake host fishing lodges. Nordic Lodge, which is 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) west of Norvil Olson Campground,
90-608: Is a hunting and fishing outfitters with cabins and lodging. Lawrence Bay Lodge is a camp 56 kilometres (35 mi) north-east of Southend. Access is by water or floatplane . Fishing is an important industry in the area and sport-fishermen are drawn by its clear and deep waters. Trophy-sized pike are common at Reindeer Lake. The lake also supports light commercial fishing. Fish species include walleye , yellow perch , northern pike , lake trout , Arctic grayling , lake whitefish , cisco , round whitefish , burbot , white sucker , goldeye , and longnose sucker . Reindeer Lake
108-688: Is a member of the Meadow Lake Tribal Council . and the Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations (formerly the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations). In the 2006 Canada Census there were 590 registered members of the Clearwater River Dene Nation and other First Nations living in La Loche. In 2011 there were 680 registered members. Clearwater River Dene School offers a kindergarten to Grade 12 program. The students take part in
126-408: Is also the location of a lake monster . Several early explorers travelled through Reindeer Lake, including David Thompson , who set up a fur-trade post on the west shore in 1796, called Bedford House. While surveying a route to Lake Athabasca , Thompson wintered at Reindeer Lake and abandoned the post in spring 1797. At the southern end of the lake, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) west of Southend ,
144-593: The Dënesųłiné immersion program offered at the school. Chipewyan language Most Chipewyan people now use Dëne and Dënesųłinë́ to refer to themselves as a people and to their language, respectively. The Saskatchewan communities of Fond-du-Lac, Black Lake, Wollaston Lake and La Loche are among these. In the 2011 Canada Census 11,860 people chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue. 70.6% were located in Saskatchewan and 15.2% were located in Alberta. Not all were from
162-537: The Lake Athabasca - Fond du Lac River area including Black Lake and Wollaston Lake in the communities of: 3,920 were in the upper Churchill River area including Peter Pond Lake , Churchill Lake , Lac La Loche , Descharme Lake, Garson Lake and Turnor Lake in the communities of: Two isolated communities are in northern Manitoba. The two Manitoban communities use Dënesųłinë́ syllabics to write their language. The Wood Buffalo-Cold Lake Economic Region in
180-481: The band members chose to live in the village of La Loche. The band had about 280 members living in La Loche and the La Loche Landing in 1975. In 1979 the parcel at Palmbere Lake/Linval Lake (IR 222) area was traded for land bordering La Loche to the north. This area also referred to as IR 222 is now home to the village of Clearwater River. The third parcel (IR 221) is on the south west shore of Lac La Loche. It had
198-456: The community of Southend at Reindeer Lake's southern end. Highway 394 ends at the Saskatchewan border and carries on as Highway 994 for 1.1 kilometres (0.7 mi) into Kinoosao on the eastern shore. Reindeer Lake has a heavily indented shoreline and contains numerous small islands. On its eastern shore is the community of Kinoosao , at its northern end Brochet, Manitoba ; and at its southern end, Southend, Saskatchewan . It drains mainly to
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#1732848250932216-625: The historical Chipewyan regions south and east of Great Slave Lake . Approximately 11,000 of those who chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue in 2011 are Dëne/Chipewyan with 7,955 (72%) in Saskatchewan, 1,005 (9%) in Manitoba, 510 plus urban dwellers in Alberta and 260 plus urban dwellers in the Northwest Territories. The communities within the Dëne traditional areas are shown below: The Dënesųłinë́-speaking communities of Saskatchewan are located in
234-566: The lake appears to be a translation of the Algonquian name. It is the 24th largest lake in the world by area , as well as being the second-largest lake in Saskatchewan and the ninth largest in Canada. Eight percent of the lake lies in Manitoba while 92% of the lake is in Saskatchewan. Access to the lake is from Saskatchewan's Highways 102 and 994 and Manitoba's Highway 394 . Highway 102 ends at
252-776: The north eastern portion of Alberta from Fort Chipewyan to the Cold Lake area has the following communities. 510 residents of this region chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue in 2011. Three communities are located south of Great Slave Lake in Region 5. 260 residents of Region 5 chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue in 2011. The 39 consonants of Dënesųłinë́: The inter-dental series of ⟨ddh⟩ , ⟨tth⟩ , ⟨tthʼ⟩ , ⟨th⟩ , and ⟨dh⟩ corresponds to s-like sibilants in other Na-Dené languages. Dënesųłinë́ has vowels of six differing qualities. Most vowels can be either As
270-546: The northern half of the province. The area from the upper Churchill River west of Pinehouse Lake all the way north to Lake Athabasca and from Lake Athabasca east to the north end of Reindeer Lake is home to 7410 people who chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue in 2011. Prince Albert had 265 residents who chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue in 2011, Saskatoon had 165, the La Ronge Population Centre had 55 and Meadow Lake had 30. 3,050 were in
288-605: The south, via the Reindeer River and a controlled weir , to the Churchill River and then east to Hudson Bay . Water flow out of the lake is regulated by the Whitesand Dam . Deep Bay , located at the south end of the lake and measuring about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) wide and 220 metres (720 ft) deep, is the site of a large meteorite impact dating to about 99 million years ago. According to local Cree legend, it
306-589: The way to Fort McMurray. On July 17, 1911 they received their treaty payments at Portage La Loche (now called West La Loche). In 1920 the Portage La Loche Band (now known as the Clearwater River Dene Nation) had 66 members. In 1970 three parcels of land were transferred to the Portage La Loche Band (IR 221, IR 222, IR 223). For a time the "La Loche Landing" (IR 223) was being developed as a village and in 1974 it had 70 residents, however most of
324-581: Was already an old established Dene village of 50 people in 1880. On August 4, 1899 the residents were gathered in Fort McMurray and selected Adam Boucher as headman to represent them in the signing of Treaty 8 . The descendants of this group from Garson Lake became known as the Portage La Loche Band. At the La Loche Mission in 1907 these families asked that treaty payments be made to them at La Loche or Buffalo River so they wouldn't have to travel all
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