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27-601: Ultimate authority resides in Christ, who authorizes the church to use it as needed. (Matthew 18:17) Corrective discipline is for: Procedures in discipline Purpose of discipline The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith is the oldest of the nine congregations of the Roman Curia. Among the most active of these major Curial departments, which oversees Catholic doctrine. The CDF

54-521: A church membership council (formerly known as a "disciplinary council) to consider restrictions on or withdrawal of church membership for members who commit crimes or otherwise violate the standards of the church. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith The Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith ( DDF ) is a department of the Roman Curia in charge of the religious discipline of

81-545: A Catholic theologian is typically called a "notification". When the Supreme Sacred Congregation for the Roman and Universal Inquisition was first established in 1542, it was composed of several Cardinal Inquisitors styled as "Inquisitors-General", who were formally equal to each other, even if some of them were clearly dominant (e.g. Cardinal Gian Pietro Carafa from 1542, who was elected Pope Paul IV in 1555). Until 1968

108-688: A new version of the "Norms on the Delicts Reserved to the Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith"; the original version had been first promulgated in 2001 by John Paul II and amended in 2010 by Benedict XVI. The changes of the new version concern "harmonising the norms with the revised Book VI of the Code of Canon Law, which was promulgated in May 2021" and adding "numerous normative measures of various kinds issued in previous years, especially since 2016." Until 1968,

135-670: A staff of 16 full-time officials. On his appointment as prefect, Cardinal Fernández was instructed to focus on the Dicastery's doctrinal work and leave the disciplinary section alone. Jus novum ( c.  1140 -1563) Jus novissimum ( c.  1563 -1918) Jus codicis (1918-present) Other Sacraments Sacramentals Sacred places Sacred times Supra-diocesan/eparchal structures Particular churches Juridic persons Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law Clerics Office Juridic and physical persons Associations of

162-517: A staff of 38 (clerical and lay) and 26 consultors. The work of the CDF is divided into two sections, the doctrinal and the disciplinary. The CDF holds biennial plenary assemblies, and issues documents on doctrinal, disciplinary, and sacramental questions that occasionally include notifications concerning writings by Catholic theologians. The disciplinary section has responsibility for dealing with credible allegations against clergy. Archbishop Kennedy leads

189-745: Is the modern name for what used to be the Holy Office of the Inquisition. According to Article 48 of the Apostolic Constitution on the Roman Curia, Pastor Bonus , promulgated by Pope John Paul II on June 28, 1988: "the duty proper to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith is to promote and safeguard the doctrine on the faith and morals throughout the Catholic world: for this reason everything which in any way touches such matter falls within its competence." The Congregation for Divine Worship and

216-657: The Catholic Church . The Dicastery is the oldest among the departments of the Roman Curia . Its seat is the Palace of the Holy Office in Rome . It was founded to defend the Catholic Church from heresy and is the body responsible for promulgating and defending Catholic doctrine. This institution was founded by Pope Paul III on 21 July 1542, as the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition . It

243-460: The Counter-Reformation . This body was renamed the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office in 1908 by Pope Pius X . In many Catholic countries , the body is often informally called the Holy Office (e.g., Italian : Sant'Uffizio and Spanish : Santo Oficio ). The congregation's name was changed to Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (SCDF) on 7 December 1965, at

270-563: The Plymouth Brethren movement. It is also an important topic of discussion in many churches today. The Westminster Confession of Faith sees the three steps of church discipline as being "admonition", "suspension from the sacrament of the Lord's Supper for a season" and then finally excommunication . In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , a bishop or a stake president may hold

297-469: The pope held the title of prefect and appointed a cardinal to preside over the meetings, first as Secretary, then as Pro-Prefect. Since 1968, the Cardinal head of the dicastery has borne the title of Prefect and the title of Secretary refers to the second highest-ranking officer of the Congregation. As of 2012 the Congregation had a membership of 18 cardinals and a smaller number of non-cardinal bishops,

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324-533: The sacraments , Protestants during the Reformation considered it one of the marks of a true church . Church discipline is mentioned several times in the Bible. In I Corinthians 5 and other passages, the Bible teaches that sin if not dealt with in a congregation can contaminate other members of the body of Christ, as leaven spreads through bread. This was an important doctrine in the development of different branches of

351-405: The 1988 Apostolic Constitution on the Roman Curia, Pastor bonus , article 48, promulgated by John Paul II: "The proper duty of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith is to promote and safeguard the doctrine on faith and morals in the whole Catholic world; so it has competence in things that touch this matter in any way." This includes investigations into grave delicts (i.e., acts which

378-616: The Catholic Church considers as being the most serious crimes: crimes against the Eucharist and against the sanctity of the Sacrament of Penance, and crimes against the sixth Commandment ("Thou shalt not commit adultery")) committed by a cleric against a person under the age of eighteen. These crimes, in Sacramentorum sanctitatis tutela a motu proprio of 2001, come under the competency of

405-604: The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. In effect, it is the "promoter of justice" that deals with, among other things, the question of priests accused of paedophilia . Within the DDF are the International Theological Commission and the Pontifical Biblical Commission . The Prefect of the DDF is ex officio president of these commissions. On 7 December 2021, Pope Francis promulgated

432-716: The Discipline of the Sacraments is the congregation of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Catholic Church as distinct from the Eastern Catholic Churches and also some technical matters relating to the Sacraments. In some contexts, church discipline may refer to the rules governing an ecclesiastical order , such as priests or monks , such as clerical celibacy . Along with preaching and proper administration of

459-504: The Doctrine of the Faith, the head of the Congregation was no longer titled Secretary. The dicastery's second-in-command, until then titled assessor, was then given the title of Secretary, as was already the case with the other Roman Congregations. All but the most recent have been made archbishops upon their appointment. The following have held the title of Secretary: 41°54′04″N 12°27′22″E  /  41.90111°N 12.45611°E  / 41.90111; 12.45611 Palace of

486-653: The Holy Office The Palace of the Holy Office ( Italian : Palazzo del Santo Uffizio ) is a building in Rome which is an extraterritorial property of Holy See . It houses the Holy Office of the Roman Catholic Church . The palace is situated south of Saint Peter's Basilica near the Petrine Gate to Vatican City . The building lies outside the confines of Vatican City at the south-eastern corner of

513-520: The Pope himself presided over the Congregation. However, from 1564 the daily administration of the affairs of the Congregation was entrusted to the Cardinal Secretary. This model was retained when the Inquisition was formally renamed as the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office in 1908. Unless stated otherwise, the term of office ended with the officeholder's death. When Pope Paul VI changed

540-420: The building was still not fully completed. In 1566–1567, the palace was purchased by Pope Pius V for 9000 scudi , and it was converted into the seat of the Holy Office. Renovation works were undertaken by Pirro Ligorio and Giovanni Sallustio Peruzzi . A complete renovation of the building was made by Pietro Guidi between 1921 and 1925. It is where Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger formerly worked as Prefect of

567-571: The city-state. It is one of the properties of the Holy See in Italy regulated by the 1929 Lateran Treaty signed with the Kingdom of Italy . As such, it has extraterritorial status. The palace was first built after 1514 for Lorenzo Cardinal Pucci , and it was called Palazzo Pucci . Its façade was rebuilt in 1524–1525 by the architects Giuliano Leni, Pietro Roselli and even Michelangelo . When Pucci died in 1531,

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594-503: The dicastery is to "spread sound Catholic doctrine and defend those points of Christian tradition which seem in danger because of new and unacceptable doctrines." Its headquarters are at the Palace of the Holy Office , just outside Vatican City . The congregation employs an advisory board including cardinals , bishops , priests , lay theologians , and canon lawyers . On 1 July 2023, Pope Francis named Argentine archbishop Víctor Manuel Fernández as prefect, who took possession of

621-519: The end of the Second Vatican Council . Soon after the 1983 Code of Canon Law came into effect, the adjective "sacred" was dropped from the names of all Curial Congregations, and so it became the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. In 2022, the name was changed to Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith . On September 23, 2024, Pope Francis appointed 28 Italian new consultors of the dicastery. Former dicasteries According to

648-540: The faithful Pars dynamica (trial procedure) Canonization Election of the Roman Pontiff Academic degrees Journals and Professional Societies Faculties of canon law Canonists Institute of consecrated life Society of apostolic life The following is a non-exhaustive list of recent documents and judgments issued by the DDF. Lengthy DDF documents usually have Latin titles. A short document that briefly states objections to one or more writings by

675-524: The name of the dicastery on 7 December 1965, he changed the title of the cardinal in charge of the daily administration of the Congregation from Secretary to Pro-Prefect. He continued to reserve the title of Prefect to himself until 1968 when he relinquished his role as head of the Congregation and named a Prefect . With the December 1965 reorganization of the Holy Office as the Sacred Congregation for

702-550: The office in mid-September. On 21 July 1542, Pope Paul III proclaimed the Apostolic Constitution Licet ab initio , establishing the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition , staffed by cardinals and other officials whose task it was "to maintain and defend the integrity of the faith and to examine and proscribe errors and false doctrines." It served as the final court of appeal in trials of heresy and served as an important part of

729-456: Was then renamed in 1908 as the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office . In 1965, it became the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF; Latin : Congregatio pro Doctrina Fidei ). Since 2022, it is named Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith. It is still informally known as the Holy Office ( Latin : Sanctum Officium ) in many Catholic countries . The sole objective of

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