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42-673: Chittoor is a city and district headquarters in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It is also the mandal and divisional headquarters of Chittoor mandal and Chittoor revenue division respectively. The city has a population of 189,332. The name Chittoor is believed to have originated from a combination of two words: Chit and Oor. In Tamil, Chit means "small" and Oor means "town" or "village." Thus, Chittoor translates to "small town" or "small village". Historical records show that Chittoor, due to its strategic location, developed as

84-639: A literacy rate of 72.36%. The Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) of the undivided district for FY 2013-14 is ₹ 34,742 crore (US$ 4.2 billion) and it contributes 6.6% to the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) . For the FY 2013–14, the per capita income at current prices was ₹ 64,671 (US$ 770). The primary , secondary and tertiary sectors of the district contribute ₹ 8,226 crore (US$ 990 million), and ₹ 18,849 crore (US$ 2.3 billion) respectively. The major products contributing to

126-399: A royal charter , though some were boroughs by prescription . The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 and Municipal Corporations Act 1882 abolished the corporations of rotten boroughs and other small rural areas. The Local Government Act 1888 aligned the powers of the remaining borough corporations with those of the new urban district councils . All borough corporations were replaced under

168-460: A county in 20 states, mostly in the Northeast and Midwest. Population centers may be organized into incorporated municipalities of several types, including the city , town , borough , and village . The types and nature of these municipal entities vary from state to state. In addition to these general-purpose local governments, states may also create special-purpose local governments. Depending on

210-697: A distance of 120Km from Chittoor Dravidian University is the only university in the district after the reorganisation. V. Nagayya , also known as Chittoor Nagayya, was brought up in Kuppam. He was a pioneering Indian actor, singer, music composer, and director in the Telugu and Tamil film industry. Cattamanchi Ramalinga Reddy was born in Kattamanchi, a suburb of Chittoor. He was an educationist, economist, poet and literary critic. Prathap Chandra Reddy , born in Aragonda,

252-423: A sex ratio of 993 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 3,94,327 (21.05%) and 51,574 (2.75%) of the population respectively. Languages of Chittoor district based on 2011 Census Based on the 2011 census, 73.23% of the population spoke Telugu , 16.75% Tamil and 8.72% Urdu as their first language. Telugu is the primary official language of the district along with English. Tamil

294-622: A trading hub between Telugu and Tamil regions, leading to the use of both languages in the town’s name. After Indian independence in 1947, Chittoor became a part of the erstwhile Madras State . The modern Chittoor district was formerly North Arcot district, which was established by the British in the 19th century and had Chittoor as its headquarters. On 1 April 1911, the district was split into two - Chittoor district and North Arcot district. The district abounds in several pre-historic sites. The surface finds discovered are assigned to special stages in

336-477: Is a legal document establishing a municipality, such as a city or town . In Bangladesh , There are 330 such municipal corporations in eight divisions of Bangladesh. In Canada, charters are granted by provincial authorities . The Greater Chennai Corporation is the oldest municipal corporation in the world outside the United Kingdom. The title "corporation" was used in boroughs from soon after

378-536: Is a cardiologist who founded the first corporate chain of hospitals in India, the Apollo Hospitals . Municipal corporation Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter . A city charter or town charter or municipal charter

420-704: Is about 80 kms North. IATA: TIR is at par with other major cities, but flights are operated in a limited fashion. 2) Chennai International Airport . IATA: MAA at Chennai is about 150 kms East 3) Kempegowda International Airport . IATA: BLR at Bangalore is about 185 Kms West 4) Kuppam Airport. The Infrastructure Corporation of Andhra Pradesh Limited (INCAP) will build Kuppam Airport at Shantipuram Mandal at an estimated cost of Rs 100 crore . Chittoor city spreads over Chittoor assembly (Majority), Puthalapattu assembly (partially) and Gangadhara Nellore assembly (partially) constituencies in Andhra Pradesh. Chittoor

462-611: Is also under Tondai Nadu Region. The district is bounded by Annamayya district to the North, Krishnagiri District , Tirupattur District , Vellore District and Tiruvallur District of Tamil Nadu state to the South, Tirupati district to the East & North, Kolar District of Karnataka state to the West. The district is located between the northern latitudes of 12°-44’-42″ and 13°-39’-21″ and between

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504-498: Is part of Chittoor (Lok Sabha constituency) . Chittoor district Chittoor district ( pronunciation ) is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It had a population of 18,72,951 at the 2011 census of India . It is a major market centre for mangoes , grains , sugarcane , and peanuts . The district headquarters is at Chittoor City. The major cities/towns in

546-407: Is the civic administrative body of the city. It was constituted as a Grade–III municipality in the year 1917. It was upgraded to Grade–II in 1950, Grade–I in 1965, Special Grade in 1980 and Selection Grade in 2000. On 7 July 2012, it was upgraded to municipal corporation by merging 14 gram panchayats into the corporation and is spread over an area of 69.75 km (26.93 sq mi). Chittoor

588-483: Is the district headquarters and houses many district level government institutions. The Swayambu Varasidhi Vinayakaswamy temple at Kanipakam is a famous Hindu temple near the city. Ardhagiri Anjaneyaswamy temple at Aragonda is another notable landmark near the city. The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools of the School Education Department of

630-524: Is the nearest city and twin city located 30 kms across the border with Tamil Nadu. Telugu is the official and widely spoken language. Chittoor has a population of 212,816 and has a sex ratio of 1002 females per 1000 males compared to the state average of 992 females, as of 2011 census. The literacy rate of the city is 90.60%. Chittoor was upgraded as municipal corporation in 2011. And also a large minority of Tamil people live here. Languages of Chittoor city based on 2011 Census Chittoor Municipal Corporation

672-769: Is widely spoken in the border areas, especially in Kuppam. The district is divided into four revenue divisions: Chittoor , Kuppam , Nagari and Palamaner, which are further subdivided into a total of 32 mandals , each headed by a sub-collector. The list of 32 mandals in Chittoor district, is given below. Chittoor is a Municipal Corporation , while Kuppam, Punganur, Palamaner and Nagari are municipalities . There are two parliamentary and seven assembly constituencies located in this district. The parliamentary constituencies are Chittoor (Lok Sabha constituency) and Rajampet Lok Sabha constituency (partial). The assembly constituencies are given below. Agriculture and horticulture are

714-429: The 2011 census , Chittoor district prior to restructuring in 2022 had a population of 4,174,064. This gives it a ranking of 47th in India (out of a total of 640 ) and 6th in its state. The district has a population density of 275 inhabitants per square kilometre (710/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 11.33%. Chittoor has a sex ratio of 1002 females for every 1000 males, and

756-1134: The Chittoor district , Andhra Pradesh , Tamilnadu , Karnataka , Puducherry and Telangana states. Railways Chittoor railway station is a National railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur–Katpadi branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone . Nearest major railway junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu . Just 30 km South from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Rajamahendravaram, Guntur, Tenali, Visakhapatnam, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru , Mysuru , Thiruvananthapuram , New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi , Jammu , Katra , Tirunelveli , Mangalore , Ernakulam , Visakhapatnam , Rajamahendravaram, Hatia Ranchi , Santragachi (Kolkata) and Jayanthi Janata Express , etc. which run through Chittoor. Airports The nearest airports are: 1) Tirupati Airport at Renigunta in Tirupati , Andhra Pradesh ,

798-526: The Eastern Ghats . Other rivers include Araniyar, Bahuda, Beema, Cheyyeru , Kalangi, Kalyani, Koundinya, Kusasthali, Neeva, Papaghni, Pileru, Pincha, and Pedderu. None of the rivers are perennial. The temperature in the western parts of the undivided district like Pileru , Punganur , Madanapalle , Horsley Hills are relatively lower than the eastern parts of the Chittoor District. This is because of

840-453: The GVA of the district from agriculture and allied services are, sugarcane , groundnut , tomato , mango , milk , meat and fisheries . The GVA to the industrial and service sector is contributed from construction , electricity , manufacturing , education and ownership of dwellings. The important rivers in the district before restructuring were Ponnai and Swarnamukhi, which originate in

882-583: The Local Government Act 1972 with councils not designated as "corporations", with the exception of the City of London Corporation . The corporations of the burghs of Scotland were similar in origin and were reformed or replaced in the nineteenth century before being abolished by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 . The Irish borough corporations within what is now Northern Ireland were reformed by

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924-541: The Municipal Corporations (Ireland) Act 1840 and Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 and replaced by the Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972 . Most U.S. states and territories have at least two tiers of local government: counties and municipalities . Louisiana uses the term parish and Alaska uses the term borough for what the U.S. Census Bureau terms county equivalents in those states. Civil townships or towns are used as subdivisions of

966-474: The NH 69 and NH 40 linking major metropolitan cities of Bangalore and Chennai . It is located between the northern latitudes of 37" and 14°8" and between the eastern longitudes 78°33" and 79°55". It is bounded on the east by Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh, on the south by Krishnagiri District , Vellore , Tiruvallur , Thirupattur districts of Tamil Nadu, on the west by Kolar district of Karnataka, and on

1008-740: The Norman conquest until the Local Government Act 2001 . Under the 2001 act, county boroughs were renamed "cities" and their corporations became "city councils"; other borough corporations were renamed "borough councils". After the Partition of Ireland , the corporations in the Irish Free State were Dublin, Cork , Limerick and Waterford (county boroughs) and Drogheda , Kilkenny , Sligo , Clonmel , and Wexford (non-county boroughs). Dún Laoghaire gained borough status in 1930 as "The Corporation of Dun Laoghaire". Galway 's borough status, lost in 1840,

1050-861: The U.S. Virgin Islands has districts , and American Samoa has districts and unorganized atolls . Each Indian Reservation is subdivided in various ways. For example, the Navajo Nation is subdivided into agencies and Chapter houses , while the Blackfeet Nation is subdivided into Communities . According to one definition of the term, municipal corporations are "organisations with independent corporate status, managed by an executive board appointed primarily by local government officials, and with majority public ownership". Some such corporations rely on revenue from user fees, distinguishing them from agencies and special districts funded through taxation, although this

1092-400: The British, besides dynasties such as Cholas, Banas, Vaidumbas, Nolambas, Western Gangas, Yadavas, Matlis, Uttama Chola , Andiyaman, Siyaganga rulers, Nawabs of Kadapa and Arcot. The zamindars of Karvetinagar, Srikalahasthi, Punganur and Kangundhi also ruled over this district. Chittoor city lies on the banks of Neeva River at the southernmost part of Andhra Pradesh state. It is located on

1134-618: The US Census Bureau's data collected in 2012, there were 89,004 local government units in the United States. This data shows a decline from 89,476 units since the last census of local governments performed in 2007. Each of the five permanently inhabited U.S. territories is also subdivided into smaller entities. Puerto Rico has 78 municipalities , and the Northern Mariana Islands has four municipalities. Guam has villages ,

1176-818: The county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely. Many rural areas and even some suburban areas of many states have no municipal government below the county level. In addition to counties and municipalities, states often create special purpose authorities, such as school districts and districts for fire protection, sanitary sewer service, public transportation , public libraries , public parks or forests, water resource management, and conservation districts . Such special purpose districts may encompass areas in multiple municipalities or counties. According to

1218-464: The district are Chittoor, Punganur, Nagari, Palamaner, and Kuppam. The district derived its name from its headquarters Chittoor . After the Indian independence in 1947, Chittoor region became a part of the erstwhile Madras state . The modern Chittoor district was formerly Arcot District , which was established by the British in the 19th century. It had Chittoor as its headquarters. Chittoor district

1260-515: The district commences with the Mauryas in the 4th century BC. The district of Chittoor was not a homogeneous administrative unit up to 1911. Its component parts were under the control of various principal dynasties at different periods of times, namely, the Mauryas, Satavahanas, Pallavas, Chalukyas of Badami, Rashtrakutas, Cholas, Pandyas, Kakatiyas, Hoysalas, Royal of Vijayanagara, Qutub Shahis, Mughals, Asof Jahis, Marathas, Hyder Ali and Tipu of Mysore, and

1302-411: The eastern longitudes 78°-2’-2″ and 79°-41’-52″. Chittoor, the district headquarters is 150 km from Chennai, 165 km from Bangalore. Chitoor has been ranked 21st best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 3  population under 3 lakhs cities) in India. After reorganisation, the district had a population of 18,72,951, of which 368,644 (19.68%) lived in urban areas. Chittoor district has

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1344-623: The higher altitude of the western parts compared to the eastern parts. The summer temperature touches 44 °C in the eastern parts whereas in the western parts, it ranges around 36 ° to 38 °C. Similarly, the winter temperatures of the western parts are relatively low ranging from 12 °C to 14 °C, and in eastern parts it is 16 °C to 18 °C. Most of the district has a Tropical wet and dry climate , with some north-western parts having Hot semi-arid climate . Undivided Chittoor district receives an annual rainfall of 918.1 mm. The South West Monsoon and North East Monsoon are

1386-464: The mainstays of the district's economy. NH 69 and NH 40 pass through the district. Six lane expressway connecting Tirupati and Bangalore via Chittoor is operational. NH 42 , a two lane Highway from Anantapur-Kuppam-Krishnagiri passes through the District. Chittoor District has two major railway stations. Nearest airports Tirupati Airport at a distance of 86Km from Chittoor Kuppam Airport at

1428-573: The major sources of rainfall for the district. On average the district receives 438.0 mm of rainfall through the South West Monsoon (From June to September) and 396.0 mm from North East Monsoon (From October to December). The rainfall received by the district in the years 2002 and 2003 were 984.2 mm and 934 mm respectively. Chittoor is a part of Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh . The district occupies an area of 6,855 square kilometres (2,647 sq mi). This district

1470-411: The north by Annamayya district of Andhra Pradesh. In respect of area it takes the eighth place with an area of 15,150 square kilometers which accounts for 5.51 percent of the total area of the state. The general elevation of the mountainous part of the district is 2500 feet above sea level. Chennai & Bangalore cities are located in 150 km. and 165 km. respectively from Chittoor Town. Vellore

1512-503: The progress of civilization. Paleolithic tools were discovered at Tirupathi, Sitarampeta, Ellampalle, Mekalavandlapalle and Piler. Mesolithic tools were discovered at Chinthaparthi, Moratavandlapalle, Aruvandlapalle and Tirupathi.Remains of Neolithic and ancient tools were unearthed near Bangarupalem. The existence of megalithic culture was revealed by the discovery of graves at Irulabanda, Bapanatham, Valimikipuram (Vayalpadu), Sodum, Velkuru, Nyakaneri and Basinikonda. The political history of

1554-564: The state, local governments may operate under their own charters or under general law, or a state may have a mix of chartered and general-law local governments. Generally, in a state having both chartered and general-law local governments, the chartered local governments have more local autonomy and home rule. Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties . In Virginia , cities are completely independent from

1596-1261: The state. The medium of instruction followed by different schools are English and Telugu. Engineering colleges: Medical colleges: Roadways The city is well connected to major cities through national and state highways . The National Highways through Chittoor City are, National Highway 40 (India) connecting Chittoor with Kadapa and Kurnool on North and connecting Vellore and Chennai on South National Highway 69 (India) connecting Chittoor with Kolar and Bangalore on West National Highway 140 (India) connecting Chittoor with Tirupati and Nellore on East. The city has total road length of 382.30 km. Public transport The Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation operates bus services from Chittoor bus station. Bus services are operated to Kuppam , Kanipakam , Tirupati , Madanapalle , Punganur , Palamaner , Piler , Puttur , Srikalahasti , Nellore , Vellore , Tiruvannamalai , Salem , Kanchipuram , Chennai , Puducherry , Kolar , Bangalore , Mysore , Kurnool , Kadapa , Anantapur , Hyderabad , Hanumakonda , Warangal , Visakhapatnam , Rajamahendravaram , Kakinada , Vijayawada , Guntur , Tenali , Ongole Amaravati and also to all other major towns and cities in

1638-433: Was constituted on 1 April 1911 with the taluks of Chittoor, Palamaner, and Chandragiri from Old North Arcot district of Tamilnadu, Madanapalle and Voyalpadu Taluks of Kadapa district and Ex-Zamindari areas of Pileru, Punganur , Srikalahasthi, Puttur and Old Karvetinagar estate. As a result of Pataskar Award consequent on the re-organisation of the state on a linguistic basis on 1 April 1960, a major portion of Tiruthani taluk

1680-463: Was organised into 66 revenue mandals in 1985. Again the District Re-organised with 31 Mandals and 4 Revenue Divisions on 4 April 2022. Annamayya district and Tirupati district were formed from parts of the erstwhile Chittoor district and others. This has resulted in the district becoming primarily rural and losing central educational institutes and health infrastructure. According to

1722-642: Was restored in 1937; it was formally styled "the Mayor, Aldermen and Burgesses of the Borough of Galway", but referred to as "the Corporation". The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 allowed municipal corporations to be established within the new Provinces of New Zealand . The term fell out of favour following the abolition of the Provinces in 1876. The ancient boroughs of England and Wales were typically incorporated by

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1764-487: Was transferred to Chengalpattu district of Tamilnadu in exchange for one taluk known as Sathyavedu comprising 186 villages from Tamilnadu. Also from the same date, 220 villages from Palamaner Taluk and Three villages from Krishnagiri Taluk of Salem District of Tamilnadu were transferred to form Kuppam Sub-Taluk and 145 villages from Chittoor Taluk were transferred to form Bangarupalem Sub-Taluk. Subsequently, Kuppam and Bangarupalem were made full-fledged taluks. The district

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