95-622: Naval Hospital Boston was a hospital in Chelsea, Massachusetts . With the closure of the nearby Boston Navy Yard , the hospital closed in 1974. On January 7, 1836 the Chelsea Naval Hospital was completed and commissioned. Located on a hill on the banks of the Mystic River in Chelsea, MA, it is 112 feet (34 m) above sea level. The original building was built of Vermont granite. The hospital
190-660: A circulation pattern that works for cars, buses, pedestrians, transit riders, and bicyclists." The Route 1 North Expressway is a limited access highway that cuts the City of Chelsea in half. The Tobin Bridge , a major regional transportation artery, carries Route 1 from Chelsea across the Mystic River to Charlestown . Chelsea is served by the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority 's Commuter Rail . The Commuter Rail provides service from Boston 's North Station with
285-676: A collective effort to advance the economic prosperity and quality of life in the district. Since the beginning of 2017 City officials kicked off Reimagining Broadway as a way to improve the downtown streets for motorists, pedestrians, and public transit. On July 23, 2019, the Baker-Polito Administration announced the expansion of the Transformative Development Initiative (TDI), a MassDevelopment program for Gateway Cities designed to accelerate economic growth within focused districts. Lt. Governor Karyn Polito made
380-473: A continual lack of food, fuel, and supplies. In November 1775, George Washington sent Henry Knox on a mission to bring the heavy artillery that had recently been captured at Fort Ticonderoga . In a technically complex and demanding operation, Knox brought the cannons to Boston in January 1776, and this artillery fortified Dorchester Heights which overlooked Boston harbor. This development threatened to cut off
475-521: A hill near the Charlestown Neck. Despite a British bombardment, the Americans successfully dug the trenches. In early September, Washington began drawing up plans for two moves: to dispatch 1,000 men from Boston to invade Quebec , and to launch an attack on Boston. He felt that he could afford to send some troops to Quebec, as he had received intelligence from British deserters and American spies that
570-402: A partnership with SolSmart , a team of individuals dedicated to implementation of Solar energy, by making solar panels accessible through zoning laws, offering affordable solar options and providing education and resources for those who are interested in these efforts. Reimagine Broadway was a six-month long planning effort that began in 2017 to transform downtown Chelsea, with the guidance of
665-522: A proclamation ordering the inhabitants of Boston to give up all linen and woolen goods that could be used by the colonists to continue the war. Loyalist Crean Brush was authorized to receive these goods, in return for which he gave certificates that were effectively worthless. Over the next week, the British fleet sat in Boston harbor waiting for favorable winds, while Loyalists and British soldiers were loaded onto
760-479: A siege line extending from Chelsea , around the peninsulas of Boston and Charlestown , to Roxbury , effectively surrounding Boston on three sides. The siege line was under the loose leadership of William Heath , who was superseded by General Artemas Ward late on April 20. They particularly blocked the Charlestown Neck, the only land access to Charlestown, and the Boston Neck , the only land access to Boston, which
855-459: A small contingent of vessels whose primary purpose was to intercept any arriving British vessels. They redirected numerous ships to Halifax that were carrying British troops originally destined for Boston. Some unsuspecting British troop ships landed in Boston, only to fall into American hands. The British departure ended major military activities in the New England colonies. Washington feared that
950-507: A small fleet set sail for the Carolinas in mid-January with 1,500 men. Their objective was to join forces with additional troops arriving from Europe, and to take a port in the southern colonies for further military operations. In early February, a British raiding party crossed the ice and burned several farmhouses in Dorchester. Between November 1775 and February 1776, Colonel Henry Knox and
1045-518: A smaller building a few blocks away from the original location. The old building was demolished to make way for condominiums. Siege of Boston American victory [REDACTED] United Colonies The Siege of Boston (April 19, 1775 – March 17, 1776) was the opening phase of the American Revolutionary War . In the siege, American patriot militia led by newly-installed Continental Army commander George Washington prevented
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#17328528128731140-467: A team of engineers used sledges to retrieve 60 tons of heavy artillery that had been captured at Fort Ticonderoga, bringing them across the frozen Hudson and Connecticut rivers in a difficult, complex operation. They arrived back at Cambridge on January 24, 1776. Some of the Ticonderoga cannons were of a size and range not previously available to the Americans. They were placed in fortifications around
1235-619: Is John Quatieri who was sworn in on March 8, 2024. Emergency Medical Services are contracted to private ambulance provider Cataldo Ambulance Service , which has serviced the city since 1982. Chelsea has eight places on the National Register of Historic Places . Founded in 1897, the Chelsea Clock Company is an American clock manufacturing company still in existence. In 2015, the Chelsea Clock Company moved to
1330-548: Is a Democratic stronghold, having voted for every Democratic nominee for President since 1928. Before 1928, Chelsea, like many municipalities in Massachusetts , was a Republican stronghold. According to Chelsea's 2012 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: Under City Manager Ambrosino, Chelsea has implemented several innovative data analysis and tracking programs. Many of these programs are led and administered in conjunction with fellows from
1425-572: The American Civil War , Spanish–American War , World War I and World War II . In 1970, a plaque in remembrance of Medal of Honor recipient Wayne Maurice Caron , a hospital corpsman, was placed on the grounds of the hospital. In 1973, the hospital and the surrounding grounds were added to the Naval Hospital Boston Historic District . When it was decommissioned in 1974, it was the oldest naval hospital in service in
1520-604: The Boston Tea Party and other acts of protest, 4,000 British troops were sent to occupy Boston under the command of General Thomas Gage and to pacify the restive Province of Massachusetts Bay . Parliament authorized Gage to disband the government of Massachusetts Bay, led by John Hancock and Samuel Adams , among numerous other powers , but the Americans formed the Massachusetts Provincial Congress and continued to meet. The Provincial Congress called for
1615-512: The British Army , which was garrisoned in Boston , from moving by land. Both sides faced resource, supply, and personnel challenges during the siege. British resupply and reinforcement was limited to sea access, which was impeded by American vessels. The British ultimately abandoned Boston after eleven months, moving their troops and equipment north, to Nova Scotia . The siege began on April 19 after
1710-580: The Chelsea station on its Newburyport/Rockport Line . Some MBTA Bus routes have a link to subway transit systems, including 111, 112, 116, and 117. Chelsea is served by many MBTA bus routes providing local service to East Boston, Revere , Everett , and other nearby cities as well as bus rapid transit connections to Logan Airport and downtown Boston via the MBTA's Silver Line . The Silver Line's SL3 route to Chelsea has been in operation since 2018. The new SL3 route begins at South Station and runs through
1805-523: The Chelsea Creek and Mill Creek and the Island End River border it to the west. The topography of Chelsea consists primarily of coastal lowlands, punctuated by four drumlins formed during the last Ice Age. These drumlins are located in the southwest (Admirals Hill), southeast (Mount Bellingham), northeast (Powderhorn Hill) and northwest (Mount Washington). A smaller drumlin (Mill Hill) is located on
1900-586: The Harvard Kennedy School 's Innovation Field Lab. According to Chelsea's 2017 "State of the City" report, "this partnership allows the city to benefit from the questions and suggestions of [domestic and] international graduate students." In 2016, the City Council approved a $ 5.2 million grant for infrastructure improvements in the district. The project has been supported by a newly hired Downtown Coordinator and aims to engage residents and local businesses in
1995-541: The Mystic River from Boston . The 2020 census reported Chelsea as having a population of 40,787, thereby making it the one of the most densely populated cities in Massachusetts only second to Somerville . With a total area of 2.46 square miles (6.4 km ), Chelsea is the smallest city in Massachusetts in terms of total area. It is the city with the one of the highest percentage of Latino residents in Massachusetts , only second to Lawrence . The area of Chelsea
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#17328528128732090-522: The Saratoga campaign , a disaster that resulted in the capture of Burgoyne and 7,500 troops under his command. General Clinton commanded the British forces in America for four years (1778–1782). Many Massachusetts Loyalists left with the British when they evacuated Boston. Some went to England to rebuild lives there, and some returned to America after the war. Many went to Saint John, New Brunswick . Following
2185-541: The for-profit Everest Institute have satellite locations of their schools in Chelsea. The city of Chelsea has firefighters of the City of Chelsea Fire Department, operating from three fire stations across the city, each shift commanded by a Deputy Chief. Chelsea Fire operates an apparatus fleet of four engines, two ladders, two special operations units, a maintenance unit, a foam-tender unit, and several other special, support, and reserve units. Chelsea Fire responds to ~11,000 emergency calls annually. The Chief of Department
2280-413: The outer harbor and bring hay to Boston. The Continentals on the mainland noticed this and called out the militia. As the British party arrived, they came under fire from the militia. The militia set fire to a barn on the island, destroying 80 tons of hay and preventing the British from taking more than three tons. Continental forces worked to clear the harbor islands of livestock and supplies useful to
2375-677: The poverty line , including 28.8% of those under age 18 and 20.9% of those age 65 or over. In 2010, 38% of Chelsea residents were born outside of the United States. This is the highest percentage of foreign-born residents in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Its "Interfaith Alliance" brings members of the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim communities together to promote inclusiveness, diversity, and tolerance. The 2007 Sanctuary City Resolution aims to support all foreign born residents. The city of Chelsea
2470-824: The 1950s because of the construction of the elevated Northeast Expressway built to connect the North Shore suburbs to Boston, via the Mystic River Bridge (later renamed for Boston Mayor Maurice J. Tobin ). In 1973, the Second Great Chelsea Fire burned 18 city blocks , leaving nearly a fifth of the city in ashes. Both fires originated in Chelsea's "rag shop district," cluttered streets filled with junk shops hawking scraps, metal, and combustible items. Wood-frame buildings and three- to six-family houses were built tightly together, and quickly caught fire. By 1990, Chelsea had collapsed economically and socially. Crime
2565-564: The 2011–2015 Community Survey, there are a total of 12,940 households in Chelsea, 27.9% of which are owner-occupied and 72.1% of which are renter-occupied. Although Chelsea has been known as the "City of Renters", there has been a push for home ownership. This has been pushed in particular by the Chelsea Restoration Corporation, which offers educational housing workshops and works in partnership with other state, municipal, and private partners to "rehabilitate properties and increase
2660-610: The American troops remained unpaid and many of their enlistments were set to expire at the end of the year. Howe had replaced Gage in October as commander of the British forces, and was faced with different problems. Firewood was so scarce that British soldiers resorted to cutting down trees and tearing down wooden buildings, including the Old North Meeting House. The city had become increasingly difficult because of winter storms and
2755-614: The Boston Neck, provided that no firearms were carried. Residents of Boston turned in almost 2,000 muskets, and most of the Patriot residents left the city. Many Loyalists who lived outside the city of Boston left their homes and fled into the city. Most of them felt that it was not safe to live outside of the city, because the Patriots were now in control of the countryside. Some of the men arriving in Boston joined Loyalist regiments attached to
2850-464: The Box District neighborhood, the path connects Downtown Chelsea and Eastern Avenue stations. Chelsea Public Schools has four elementary schools, three middle schools, and one high school, Chelsea High School . The Chelsea school system has historically been towards the bottom of the state's test score rankings. It has a high turnover among students. A high percentage of students move in or out over
2945-455: The British army. The siege did not blockade the harbor and the city remained open for the Royal Navy to bring in supplies from Nova Scotia and other places under Vice Admiral Samuel Graves . Colonial forces could do little to stop these shipments due to the superiority of the British fleet. Nevertheless, American privateers were able to harass supply ships, and food prices rose quickly. Soon
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3040-400: The British fleet sailed away, the Americans moved to reclaim Boston and Charlestown. At first, they thought that the British were still on Bunker Hill, but it turned out that the British had left dummies in place. Initially, Artemas Ward led a troop of men into Boston who had already been exposed to smallpox, out of fear that others might be exposed who had no resistance to the disease. More of
3135-586: The British forces were routed in a confrontation at the North Bridge . The British troops were then engaged in a running battle during their march back to Boston, suffering heavy casualties. All of the New England colonies raised militias in response to this alarm and sent them to Boston. The British Army order of battle in July 1775 was: Immediately after the battles of April 19, the Massachusetts militia formed
3230-425: The British had no intention of launching an attack from Boston until they were reinforced. On September 11, about 1,100 troops under the command of Benedict Arnold left for Quebec . Washington summoned a council of war and made a case for an amphibious assault on Boston by sending troops across Back Bay in flat-bottomed boats which could hold 50 men each. He believed that it would be extremely difficult to keep
3325-526: The British occupation. The working parties were fired on from time to time, as were sentries guarding the works. The British pushed back an American advanced guard on July 30, and they burned a few houses in Roxbury. An American rifleman was killed on August 2, and the British hung his body by the neck. In retaliation, American riflemen marched to the lines and began to attack the British troops. They continued their sharpshooting all day, killing and wounding many of
3420-586: The British regulars with some success, as they successfully repelled two assaults on Breed's Hill during the engagement. General George Washington arrived at Cambridge on July 2. He set up his headquarters at the Benjamin Wadsworth House at Harvard College and took command of the newly formed Continental Army the following day. By this time, forces and supplies were arriving, including four independent companies of riflemen (not part of any state line) from Maryland and Virginia . Washington began
3515-404: The British supply lifeline from the sea. British commander William Howe saw his position as indefensible, and he withdrew his forces from Boston to Halifax, Nova Scotia on March 17. Before 1775, the British imposed taxes and import duties by the name of Mr Peabody on the American colonies, to which the Americans objected since they lacked British Parliamentary representation . In response to
3610-533: The British were going to attack New York City and so departed on April 4 with his army for Manhattan , beginning the New York and New Jersey campaign . There are six units of the Army National Guard derived from American units that participated in the siege of Boston: 101st Eng Bn, 125th MP Co, 181st Inf, 182nd Inf, 197th FA, and 201st FA. There are 30 units in the U.S. Army with lineages that go back to
3705-421: The British while losing only one Patriot. On August 30, the British made a surprise breakout from Boston Neck, set fire to a tavern, and withdrew to their defenses. On the same night, 300 Americans attacked Lighthouse Island and burned the lighthouse, killing several British soldiers and capturing 23, with the loss of only one American. On another August night, Washington sent 1,200 men to dig entrenchments on
3800-474: The British. The Royal Marines attempted to stop removal of livestock from some of the islands on May 27 in the Battle of Chelsea Creek . The Americans resisted and the British schooner Diana ran aground and was destroyed. Gage issued a proclamation on June 12 offering to pardon all of those who would lay down their arms, with the exception of John Hancock and Samuel Adams , but this merely ignited anger among
3895-490: The Charlestown peninsula on June 17 in the Battle of Bunker Hill . The British succeeded in their tactical objective of taking the high ground on the Charlestown peninsula, but they suffered significant losses with some 1,000 men killed or wounded, including 92 officers killed. The British losses were so heavy that there were no further direct attacks on American forces. The Americans lost the battle but had again stood against
Naval Hospital Boston - Misplaced Pages Continue
3990-471: The Chelsea City Council, City Manager Ambrosino and several others. This effort ranges from supporting small business owners to re-designing the streetscape. The goals of this project were to "Enhance how public space is used and accessed downtown, support existing businesses and encourage new growth, beautify the area and create a consistent, vibrant look, improve overall safety for all users, establish
4085-481: The French they never showed such conduct, attention, and perseverance as they do now." General Gage turned his attention to fortifying easily defensible positions. He ordered lines of defenses with ten 24-pound guns in Roxbury. In Boston proper, four hills were quickly fortified. They were to be the main defense of the city. Over time, each of these hills was strengthened. Gage also decided to abandon Charlestown, removing
4180-406: The Patriots, and more people began to take up arms. The British had been receiving reinforcements throughout May until they reached a strength of about 6,000 men. On May 25, generals William Howe , John Burgoyne , and Henry Clinton arrived on HMS Cerberus , and Gage began planning to break out of the city. The British plan was to fortify Bunker Hill and Dorchester Heights. They fixed
4275-585: The Revolutionary War's first battles at Lexington and Concord , when Massachusetts militias blocked land access to Boston. The Continental Congress , meeting in Philadelphia , formed the Continental Army from the militias involved in the fighting and appointed George Washington as commander in chief. In June 1775, the British seized Bunker Hill and Breed's Hill , which Washington and the Continental Army
4370-533: The Ticonderoga cannon and several thousand men overnight to occupy Dorchester Heights , overlooking Boston. The ground was frozen, which made it impossible to dig trenches, so Rufus Putnam developed a plan to fortify the heights using defenses made of heavy timbers and fascines. These were prefabricated out of sight of the British and brought in overnight. General Howe is said to have exclaimed, "My God, these fellows have done more work in one night than I could make my army do in three months." The British fleet
4465-411: The United States after 1890. By 1910 the number of Jews had grown to 11,225, nearly one third of the entire population of the city. In the 1930s there were about 20,000 Jewish residents in Chelsea out of a total population of almost 46,000. Given the area of the city, Chelsea may well have had the most Jewish residents per square mile of any city outside of New York City . On April 12, 1908, nearly half
4560-478: The United States and consisted of 88 acres (360,000 m) of land on the Mystic River. Notable patients during the hospital's history include Presidents John Quincy Adams (after his presidency) and John F. Kennedy (before his presidency). The original hospital buildings were converted into condominiums while adjacent land was dotted with single family townhouses and high rise apartment complexes. Still extant are
4655-933: The Waterfront Tunnel, along with the SL1 and SL2 routes, to Silver Line Way , continuing with the SL1 through the Ted Williams Tunnel . The new route diverges to meet the Blue Line at Airport Station , and follows the Coughlin Bypass Road (a half-mile commercial-use-only road which opened in 2012) to the Chelsea Street Bridge . The Silver Line stops at the four stations in Chelsea: Eastern Avenue, Box District, Downtown Chelsea, and Mystic Mall. A new $ 20 million Chelsea commuter rail station and "transit hub"
4750-515: The aftermath of the British Burning of Falmouth in Portland, Maine . The provincial assemblies of Connecticut and Rhode Island began arming ships and authorized privateering. In early November, 400 British soldiers went to Lechmere's Point on a raiding expedition to acquire some livestock. They made off with 10 head of cattle but lost two lives in the skirmish with colonial troops sent to defend
4845-526: The age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were married couples living together, 20.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36% were non-families. Of all households 28.8% were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.5. The population has 27.3% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 34.6% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
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#17328528128734940-637: The announcement with MassDevelopment President and CEO Lauren Liss, New Bedford Mayor Jon Mitchell, and members of the New Bedford legislative delegation at the WHALE Co-Creative Center in New Bedford. "Our administration is pleased to further expand this program, which represents an innovative, block-by-block approach to revitalizing local economies." said Governor Charlie Baker . Chelsea has programs such as "Re-Imagining Broadway" and "Chelsea Centro". The project includes design and parking studies of
5035-490: The banks of Boston Harbor. It became home to the Chelsea Naval Hospital designed by Alexander Parris in 1836. According to local historical records, Nathan Morse, the first Jewish resident of Chelsea, arrived in 1864, and by 1890 there were only 82 Jews living in the city. However, Chelsea was a major destination for the "great wave" of Russian and Eastern European immigrants, especially Russian Jews , who came to
5130-450: The beleaguered forces that had retreated from Concord. The town of Charlestown itself was entirely vacant, and Bunker Hill and Breed's Hill were left undefended, as were the heights of Dorchester , which had a commanding view of the harbor and the city. The British at first greatly restricted movement in and out of the city, fearing infiltration of weapons. Besieged and besiegers eventually reached an informal agreement allowing traffic on
5225-640: The city was 47.8% White , 8.5% Black or African American , 3.1% Asian , 1.1% Native American , 0.09% Pacific Islander , 33.6% from other races , and 5.9% were multiracial . In addition, 62.1% of residents identified as Hispanic or Latino (of any race), which includes 18.2% Salvadoran , 12.7% Puerto Rican , 8.4% Honduran , 7.3% Guatemalan , 2.8% Mexican , 2.2% Dominican , 0.5% Cuban , 0.5% Costa Rican , 0.4% Nicaraguan , 0.4% Panamanian , 1.4% other Central American countries, 2.5% other South American countries, 5.3% other Hispanic/Latino. There were 11,888 households, out of which 36.4% had children under
5320-423: The city was destroyed in the first of two great fires . The fire left 18,000 people, 56 percent of the population, homeless. Many of the city's residents were taken in by those whose homes had survived the fire; others sought refuge in nearby Revere . It would take the city about two and a half years to rebuild and five years to surpass the extent of 1908's infrastructure. The city was also laid out differently after
5415-426: The city, and the Americans began to bombard the city on the night of March 2, 1776, to which the British responded with cannonades of their own. The American guns under the direction of Colonel Knox continued to exchange fire with the British until March 4. The exchange of fire did little damage to either side, although it did damage houses and kill some British soldiers in Boston. On March 5, Washington moved more of
5510-418: The city. The population density was 16,036.8 inhabitants per square mile (6,191.8/km ), placing it among the highest in population density among U.S. cities. Due to many residents not wanting to be counted, it was estimated in 2023 that the actual population of Chelsea is probably 50,000 or more. There were 12,337 housing units at an average density of 5,639.9 per square mile (2,177.6/km ). The racial makeup of
5605-481: The colonial army entered on March 20, 1776, once the risk of disease was judged to be low. Washington had not hindered the British departure from the city by land, but he did not make their escape easy from the outer harbor. He directed Captain Manley to harass the departing British fleet, in which he had some success, capturing the ship carrying Crean Brush and his plunder, among other prizes. General Howe left in his wake
5700-493: The colonial era. "Had Sir William Howe fortified the hills round Boston, he could not have been disgracefully driven from it," wrote his replacement Sir Henry Clinton. General Howe was severely criticized in the British press and Parliament for his failures in the Boston campaign, but he remained in command for another two years for the New York and New Jersey campaign and the Philadelphia campaign . General Gage never received another combat command. General Burgoyne saw action in
5795-635: The corridor from Chelsea Square through Bellingham Square to Fay Square. There are other similar projects like "Commonwealth Places", a collaborative initiative from MassDevelopment and the civic crowdfunding platform Patronicity, and "The Chelsea Business Foundation" are in progress and scheduled for spring/summer 2020. As summarized by the "State of the City" report, Chelsea's Capital Improvement Plan will invest in "park development, building improvements, water and sewer upgrades, and neighborhood street/sidewalks improvements. Other specific investments in new graffiti removal and snow removal equipment will enhance
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#17328528128735890-569: The course of the year, and the dropout rate is high. In 1988, the school board delegated its authority for control of the school district to Boston University . In June 2008, a partnership with BU ended, and the schools returned to full local control. Chelsea has no private schools remaining with St. Rose closing in June 2020. In addition, there are two public charter schools , the Excel Academy and Phoenix Charter Academy. Bunker Hill Community College and
5985-472: The date for taking Dorchester Heights at June 18, but the colonists' committee of safety learned of the British plans on June 15. In response, they sent instructions to General Ward to fortify Bunker Hill and the heights of Charlestown, and he ordered Colonel William Prescott to do so. On the night of June 16, Prescott led 1,200 men over the Charlestown Neck and constructed fortifications on Bunker Hill and Breed's Hill. British forces under General Howe took
6080-401: The disease. He moved infected troops to a separate hospital, the only option available given the public stigma against inoculation. Washington again proposed to assault Boston in October, but his officers thought it best to wait until the harbor had frozen over. In February, the water froze between Roxbury and Boston Common, and Washington thought that he would try an assault by rushing across
6175-463: The east side of Chelsea, adjacent to Mill Creek. This sloped and hilly landscape helps to divide the city into discernible neighborhoods, each with its own character, thereby giving the city a manageable sense of scale and orientation. There are several distinct neighborhoods in Chelsea: As of the 2010 United States Census , there were 35,177 people, 11,888 households, and 7,614 families residing in
6270-436: The evacuation began, there was no American fire to hinder the British departure. On March 9, the British saw movement on Nook's Hill in Dorchester and opened a massive artillery barrage that lasted all night. It killed four men with one cannonball, but that was all the damage that was done. The next day, the colonists went out and collected the 700 cannonballs that had been fired at them. On March 10, 1776, General Howe issued
6365-481: The fire, with wider streets and more access for emergency vehicles. By 1919, Chelsea's population had reached 52,662, with foreign-born residents comprising 46 percent of the population. Fully transitioned from a suburb to an industrial city, the waterfront flourished, with shipbuilding, lumberyards, metalworks and paint companies lining Marginal Street. Between 1940 and 1980, the population declined by 38 percent. Chelsea lost more population than other urban areas after
6460-584: The first time since the Great Depression, a Massachusetts city surrendered home rule and allowed a state-appointed receiver to control all aspects of city government. Governor William Weld named James Carlin as the first receiver followed by Lewis "Harry" Spence. City Hall was eviscerated, the police and fire departments reorganized, management of the public schools given to Boston University , and indictments handed down. Mayor John "Butchie" Brennan and two former mayors were found guilty of federal crimes. By
6555-422: The heights, but the attack never took place because of a storm, and the British elected instead to withdraw. On March 8, some prominent Bostonians sent a letter to Washington, stating that the British would not destroy the town if they were allowed to depart unmolested. Washington formally rejected the letter, as it was not addressed to him by either name or title. However, the letter had the intended effect; when
6650-532: The home of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow . Toward the end of July, about 2,000 riflemen arrived in units raised in Pennsylvania , Maryland, and Virginia by Congressional mandate. The accuracy of the rifle was previously unknown in New England, and these forces were used to harass the besieged forces. Washington also ordered the defenses to be improved, so the army dug trenches on Boston Neck and then extended toward Boston. However, these activities had little effect on
6745-509: The ice in spite of his shortage in powder; but his officers again advised against it. Washington's desire to launch an attack on Boston arose from his fear that his army would desert in the winter, and he knew that Howe could easily break the lines of his army in its present condition. He abandoned an attack across the ice with great reluctance in exchange for a more cautious plan of fortifying Dorchester Heights using cannon arrived from Fort Ticonderoga. British major general, Henry Clinton , and
6840-471: The joint leadership of Arnold and Allen. They also captured the one large military vessel on Lake Champlain in a raid on Fort Saint-Jean . They recovered more than 180 cannons and other weaponry and supplies that the Continental Army used to tighten their grip on Boston. Boston lacked a regular supply of fresh meat, and many horses needed hay. On May 21, Gage ordered a party to go to Grape Island in
6935-459: The men together when winter came. His war council unanimously rejected the plan, and the decision was not to attack "for the present at least". In early September, Washington authorized the appropriation and outfitting of local fishing vessels for intelligence-gathering and interdiction of supplies to the British. This activity was a precursor to the Continental Navy , which was established in
7030-550: The organization of local militias and coordinated the accumulation of weapons and other military supplies. Under the terms of the Boston Port Act , Gage closed the Boston port, which caused much unemployment and discontent. British forces went to seize military supplies from the town of Concord on April 19, 1775, but militia companies from surrounding towns opposed them at the Battles of Lexington and Concord . At Concord, some of
7125-616: The perimeter wall and guard shack, pier, chapel, ordnance buildings, nurses' quarters, and the Captain's House. In addition to the redevelopment of the housing and hospital portion of the property, several acres on the Mystic River were taken over by the Metropolitan District Commission for Mary O'Malley Park. Chelsea, Massachusetts Chelsea is a city in Suffolk County, Massachusetts , United States, directly across
7220-502: The point. On November 29, colonial Captain John Manley commanding the schooner Lee captured one of the most valuable prizes of the siege: the British brigantine Nancy just outside Boston Harbor. She was carrying a large supply of ordnance and military stores intended for the British troops in Boston. As winter approached, the Americans were so short of gunpowder that some of the soldiers were given spears instead of guns. Many of
7315-724: The quality of life for residents." The expenditures for Fiscal Year 2018 and Fiscal Year 2018–2022 can be found to the right. Total expenditures are divided between utility enhancement, equipment acquisition, parks and open space, public buildings and facilities, public safety, and surface enhancement. For Fiscal Year 2018, almost 64% of the budget will be dedicated to surface enhancements, which includes citywide sidewalks, marginal street pre-engineering, Shurtleff Street roadway and sidewalks, casino mitigation/transportation, citywide traffic calming, Congress Avenue road and sidewalks, Downtown Broadway engineering and construction, and Highland Street Greenway Phase II. Housing Composition: According to
7410-466: The quality of services provided to residents and businesses, while establishing financial policies that have significantly improved the city's financial condition. Located on a small peninsula in Boston Harbor covering 2.21 square miles (6 km ), Chelsea is the smallest city by area in Massachusetts. Chelsea is bordered on three sides by water. The Mystic River borders Chelsea to the southwest,
7505-499: The rise in American privateers. An improvised American war fleet of about 12 converted merchant ships captured 55 British ships over the course of the winter. Many of the captured ships had been carrying food and supplies to the British troops. The British troops were so hungry that many were ready to desert as soon as they could, and scurvy and smallpox had broken out in the city. Washington's army faced similar problems with smallpox, as soldiers from rural communities were exposed to
7600-662: The ships. During this time, American naval vessels outside the harbor successfully captured several British supply ships. On March 15, the wind became favorable for the British, but it turned against them before they could leave. On March 17, the wind once again turned favorable. The troops were authorized to burn the town if there were any disturbances while they were marching to their ships; they began to move out at 4:00 a.m. By 9:00 a.m., all ships were underway. The fleet departing from Boston included 120 ships, with more than 11,000 people on board. Of those, 9,906 were British troops, 667 were women, and 553 were children. Once
7695-491: The shortages meant that the British forces were on short rations. Generally, the American forces were able to gather information about what was happening in the city from people escaping the privations of Boston, but General Gage had no effective intelligence of American activities. On May 3, the Massachusetts Provincial Congress authorized Benedict Arnold to raise forces for taking Fort Ticonderoga near
7790-509: The southern end of Lake Champlain in the Province of New York , which was known to have heavy weapons and only lightly defended. Arnold arrived in Castleton, New Hampshire on the 9th, where he joined with Ethan Allen and a militia company from Connecticut, all of whom had independently arrived at the idea of taking Ticonderoga. This company captured Fort Ticonderoga and Fort Crown Point under
7885-404: The stock of affordable housing." Over half (55.4%) of the housing units in Chelsea use utility gas, 29.8% use electricity, 12.7% use fuel oil, kerosene, etc. and smaller portion (2.1%) of housing units use bottled, tank, or LP gas, as well as other fuel or no fuel at all. With these statistics in mind, Chelsea has started several initiatives towards renewable energy and sustainability. One includes
7980-448: The summer of 1995, when the state returned City Hall to the people of Chelsea, a new government had been born, brought to life by a panel of citizens charged with drafting a new city charter . The new charter eliminated the position of mayor, converting management of the city from a mayor to a council–manager government system, where a city manager is selected by City Council members. As such, municipal government focused on improving
8075-561: The work of molding the militias into an army, appointing senior officers (the militias had typically elected their leaders), and introducing more organization and disciplinary measures. Washington required officers of different ranks to wear differentiating apparel so that they might be distinguished from their underlings and superiors. On July 16, he moved his headquarters to the John Vassall House in Cambridge, that became well known as
8170-410: Was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.7 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 30,161, and the median income for a family was $ 32,130. Males had a median income of $ 27,280, versus $ 26,010 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 14,628. About 20.6% of families and 23.3% of the population were below
8265-529: Was a three-story building with a 100-bed capacity. A wing was added on the west side of the building in 1865. Chelsea Naval Hospital was one of the first three hospitals authorized by Congress to accommodate naval personnel. Previously, personnel received treatment at marine hospitals operated by the Department of the Treasury for mariners, both naval and merchant. The hospital served naval personnel and others during
8360-558: Was annexed by Saugus . On March 19, 1846, North Chelsea, which consists of present-day Revere and Winthrop , was established as a separate town. Reincorporated as a city in 1857, Chelsea developed as an industrial center and by mid-century had become a powerhouse in wooden sailing ship construction. As the century wore on, steam power began to overtake the age of the sail and industry in the town began to shift toward manufacturing. Factories making rubber and elastic goods, boots and shoes , stoves , and adhesives began to appear along
8455-573: Was constructed at the Mystic Mall terminus of the new Silver Line route, so that trains no longer block Sixth Street. The new Silver Line and commuter rail stations are fully handicapped accessible. Additionally, a multi-use 0.75-mile (1.21 km) shared path 0.75-mile (1.21 km) linear park runs parallel to the Silver Line bus rapid transit busway utilizing the Boston & Albany Railroad's Grand Junction Branch right-of-way. Located within
8550-574: Was first called Winnisimmet , possibly meaning "swamp hill", by the Naumkeag tribe , which had lived there for thousands of years. Samuel Maverick became the first European to settle permanently in Winnisimmet in 1624. His palisaded trading post is considered the first permanent settlement by Boston Harbor . In 1635, Maverick sold all of Winnisimmet, except for his house and farm, to Richard Bellingham . The community remained part of Boston until it
8645-522: Was preparing to bombard, but their casualties were heavy and their gains insufficient to break the Continental Army's control over land to Boston. After this, the Americans laid siege to Boston; no major battles were fought during this time, and the conflict was limited to occasional raids, minor skirmishes, and sniper fire. British efforts to supply their troops were significantly impeded by the smaller but more agile Continental Army and patriot forces that were operating on land and sea. The British suffered from
8740-402: Was rampant, even among the police and local government officials. The population drain made way for more immigrants, but depleted the city's tax base. The cost of running the city and maintaining its infrastructure did not decrease correspondingly so, in 1991, the city suffered fiscal collapse. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts enacted special legislation to place Chelsea into receivership . For
8835-579: Was set off and incorporated in 1739, when it was named after Chelsea , a neighborhood in London, England . In 1775, the Battle of Chelsea Creek was fought in the area, the second battle of the Revolution . During the battle, American forces made one of their first captures of a British ship. Part of George Washington 's army was stationed in Chelsea during the Siege of Boston . On February 22, 1841, part of Chelsea
8930-421: Was then a peninsula , leaving the British in control only of the harbor and sea access. The size of the colonial forces grew in the following days, as militias arrived from New Hampshire , Rhode Island , and Connecticut . General Gage wrote of his surprise at the number of Patriots surrounding the city: "The rebels are not the despicable rabble too many have supposed them to be.... In all their wars against
9025-446: Was within range of the American guns on Dorchester Heights, putting it and the troops in the city at risk. The immediate response of the British was a two-hour cannon barrage at the heights, which had no effect because the British guns could not reach the American guns. After the failure of the barrage, Howe and his officers agreed that the colonists must be removed from the heights if they were to hold Boston. They planned an assault on
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