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20-689: Chaves is a modern Portuguese and old Spanish word derived from Latin Flaviae ( Chávez in Spanish), and may refer to: People [ edit ] Andia Chaves Fonnegra , Colombian marine biologist Avelino Chaves (1931–2021), Spanish footballer Bartolomeu Chaves (b. 2001), Brazilian para-athlete Esteban Chaves (b. 1990), Colombian cyclist Joara Chaves (b. 1962), Brazilian chess player Juca Chaves , Brazilian comedian Jussara Chaves (b. 1959), Brazilian chess player Manuel Chaves González (b. 1945),

40-685: A Spanish politician Manuel Chaves Nogales (c. 1897–1945), a Spanish journalist and writer. Manuel Antonio Chaves (c. 1818–1889), a New Mexican soldier and United States Civil War hero Maria Amélia Chaves (1911 – 2017), Portuguese civil engineer Michael Chaves , an American filmmaker Ñuflo de Chaves (1518–1568), a Spanish conquistador Orlando Chaves (disambiguation) , multiple people Pedro Chaves , former Formula One driver and Portuguese Rally Champion Rodrigo Chaves Robles (b. 1961), president of Costa Rica Vaimalama Chaves (b. 1994), French model and beauty pageant titleholder Places [ edit ] Chaves, Portugal ,

60-559: A city and municipality in the district of Vila Real Chaves, Pará , a municipality in Brazil Chaves County, New Mexico , a county in the state of New Mexico Other [ edit ] El Chavo del Ocho , television show known as "Chaves" in Brazil and Portugal. G.D. Chaves , an association football club from Portugal See also [ edit ] Chávez (disambiguation) Chávez (surname) Topics referred to by

80-501: A distinct state under the jurisdiction of Rome. It was necessary to distinguish various types of municipia and other settlements, such as the colony . In the early Roman Empire these distinctions began to disappear; for example, when Pliny the Elder served in the Roman army, the distinctions were only nominal. In the final stage of development, all citizens of all cities and towns throughout

100-461: A lost inscription dedicated to Tutela and another to Isis, that suggest a thermal cult. Architecturally, the most notable feature of this city, is the bridge of Trajan over the Tâmega River, whose existence marked a period of exceptional development of the city. Functioning as a crossroads, it controlled the routes to the mining districts. The remains of two epigraphic inscriptions are located on

120-503: A small hill on the banks of the River Tâmega, in the Roman province of Gallaecia . This was a fertile area, where hot springs abound, in addition to a mining region from which gold is extracted. It is also located in a strategic place between the Roman cities of Bracara and Asturica , as well as the mining districts of Três Minas and Jales, located southwest of the civitates . Little

140-457: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Aquae Flaviae The northwest peninsular region is an area of hot springs and Roman settlements linked to the exploitation of valuable natural resources. Aquae Flaviae was the principal municipium civitas in the northwest (from epigraphic findings) implanted in the Trás-os-Montes, on

160-463: Is known of the urban fabric although there are some important points: an aqueduct supplied water from a reservoir and dam in Abobeleira, there was a theatre/amphitheatre, vestiges of a necropolis and sections of a wall. With respect to the thermal activity, the lack of archaeological excavations means that little is known as of the alleged ancient Roman baths . Modern excavations have begun to uncover

180-572: Is not known, whether the populace was given a choice or the synoecised sites were reoccupied. As it is unlikely that all the Sabines were invited to Rome, where facilities to feed and house them did not yet exist, it seems clear that population transfer was only offered to some. The rest continued on as independent localities under the ultimate governance of Rome. Under the Roman Republic the impracticality of transferring numerous large city-states to Rome

200-539: The municipium was self-governance . Like any ancient city-state, the municipium was created by an official act of synoecism , or founding. This act removed the sovereignty and independence from the signatory local communities, replacing them with the jurisdiction of a common government. This government was then called the res publica ('public affair'), or in the Greek world the koinon ('common affair'). The term municipium began to be used with reference to

220-479: The Latin term municipium ( pl. : municipia ) referred to a town or city. Etymologically, the municipium was a social contract among municipes ('duty holders'), or citizens of the town. The duties ( munera ) were a communal obligation assumed by the municipes in exchange for the privileges and protections of citizenship. Every citizen was a municeps . The distinction of municipia

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240-549: The bridge, commemorating the construction or remodelling by Emperor Trajan , as well as another that aroused various interpretations, the Padrão dos Povos . The Padrão dos Povos mentions the civitates dependant of Aquae Flaviae: Aquiflavienses, Avobrigenses, Bibali, Coelerni , Equaesi , Interamici , Limici , Naebisoci, Querquerni and Tamagani , as well as the Roman Legio VII Gemina Felix legion. Aquae Flaviae

260-463: The city-states of Italy brought into the city-state of Rome but not incorporated into the city. The city of Romulus synoecised the nearby settlements of Latium , transferring their populations to the seven hills, where they resided in typically distinct neighbourhoods. And yet, Sabines continued to live in the Sabine Hills and Alba Longa continued even though synoecised. The exact sequence of events

280-410: The empire were equally citizens of Rome. The municipium then simply meant municipality, the lowest level of local government . The munera and the citizenship and its rights and protections were specific to the community. No matter where a person lived, at home or abroad, or what his status or class, he was a citizen of the locality in which he was born. The distinguishing characteristic of

300-485: The first order held full Roman citizenship and their rights ( civitas optimo iure ) included the right to vote , which was the ultimate right in Rome, and a sure sign of full rights. The second order of municipia comprised important tribal centres which had come under Roman control. Residents of these did not become full Roman citizens (although their magistrates could become so after retirement). They were given

320-542: The remains of another Roman baths structure associated with a hot spring in Largo do Arrabalde consisting of large pavement slabs and a block of opus caementicium associated with a thermal spring. These are the first known thermal remains known to be located within Chaves. Further, within the civitates there are many complicated votive epigraphs which seem to relate to thermal worship. There are two inscriptions dedicated to nymphs,

340-534: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Chaves . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chaves&oldid=1248851538 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Portuguese-language surnames Hidden categories: Short description

360-560: Was founded by Rome, although the details of that founding remain obscure. Ptolemy suggests that it was founded in Turodi territory, a theory that has been strengthened by the existence of epigraphic evidence documenting the presence of Turodi. Aquae Flaviae became a bishopric in the fourth century which lasted until the Arabic conquest in the eight century. It was restored as a titular see in 1969. Municipium In ancient Rome ,

380-449: Was manifest. The answer to the problem was the municipium . The town would be partially synoecised. The local government would remain but to its munera would be added munera due to the city of Rome. The partial synoecism took the form of a charter granting incorporation into the city of Rome and defining the rights and responsibilities of the citizens. The first municipium was Tusculum . The citizens of municipia of

400-527: Was not made in the Roman Kingdom ; instead, the immediate neighbours of the city were invited or compelled to transfer their populations to the urban structure of Rome, where they took up residence in neighbourhoods and became Romans per se . Under the Roman Republic the practical considerations of incorporating communities into the city-state of Rome forced the Romans to devise the concept of municipium ,

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