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34-736: The Chasseral is a mountain of the Jura Mountains , overlooking Lake Biel in the Swiss canton of Bern . With an elevation of 1,606 metres above sea level, the Chasseral is the highest summit in the canton of Bern outside the Alps . It is also both the northernmost and easternmost mountain reaching over 1,500 metres in the Jura Mountains. West of the summit is located the Chasseral Ouest (1,552 m), where runs

68-455: A full canton. In 1988 the canton of Basel-Landschaft had this aim written into its constitution. The aim remains to change the Swiss constitution to recognize the two cantons of Basel as full members. The nine municipalities of the Arlesheim district used to belong to the diocese of Basel . In 1792 French troops occupied the district and in 1793 the lands were annexed by France, which explains

102-509: A Greek masculine form ὁ Ἰόρας ("through the Jura mountains", διὰ τοῦ Ἰόρα ὄρους ) in his Geographica (4.6.11). Based on suggestions by Ferdinand de Saussure , early celticists such as Georges Dottin tried to establish an etymon "iura-, iuri" as a Celtic word for mountains, with similar putative etymologies (e.g. * juris , "mountainous forest") still appearing in more recent non-academic publications. However, since there are no clear cognates in

136-420: A few exclaves of that canton within its western area. In the extreme southwest, it borders on the canton of Jura . The Jura mountain chain traverses the canton. The rivers Ergolz and Birs drain the lands of the canton. The thirty rivers of Baselland are: Since the decision to remain independent from Basel-Stadt in 1969 there have been a number of requests in the parliament for Basel-Landschaft to become

170-434: A major centre of the watchmaking industry. The area has several cities at very high altitudes, such as La Chaux-de-Fonds , Le Locle and Sainte-Croix (renowned for its musical boxes ); however, it generally has had a marked decline in population since 1960. Both Le Locle and its geographical twin town La Chaux-de-Fonds are recognised as an UNESCO World Heritage Site for their horological and related cultural past. In

204-486: A referendum on this proposal in favour of retaining their independence. It is thought that the closing economic gap between the two cantons was the main reason why the population changed their attitude. That vote was not the end of a close relationship between the two Basels. The two half cantons have since signed a number of agreements to co-operate. The contribution of Basel-Landschaft to the University of Basel since 1976

238-636: Is just one example. The canton of Basel-Landschaft lies in the northwestern corner of Switzerland just south of the canton of Basel-Stadt . With a few exceptions, it includes the towns of the Laufental along the river Birs , the Birseck and the Leimental , as well as the towns along the Ergolz and its tributaries. The shape of the canton is very irregular, and its borders cut across several towns. In terms of size, it

272-523: Is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation . It is composed of five districts and its capital city is Liestal . It is traditionally considered a " half-canton ", the other half being Basel-Stadt , its urban counterpart. Basel-Landschaft is one of the northernmost cantons of Switzerland. It lies essentially south of the Rhine and north of the Jura Mountains . The canton shares borders with

306-448: Is one of the smaller cantons of Switzerland (18th of 26). However, it is number 10 in terms of population. Basel-Landschaft borders on the east and north with the canton of Aargau and the Rhine, which forms the border with Germany (state of Baden-Württemberg ). On the northwest, it borders with France (department of Haut-Rhin ). On the south, it borders on the canton of Solothurn , with

340-419: Is the main religion in the canton (43% as of 2000 ), while about one-third of the population (32%) is Roman Catholic . The Swiss Reformed Church and Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland are recognized as state churches. Between 1959 and 1970 the canton was Switzerland's fastest-growing, as the population almost doubled from 108,000 to 205,000. In 2021, the canton had a population of 292,955. As of 2007 ,

374-670: The Jura ridgeway , a 310 km (190 mi) hiking route. Several peaks feature observation towers (e.g. Faux d'Enson , Hage ). Tourist attractions in the Swiss Jura include natural features such as the Creux du Van , lookout peaks such as the Chasseral , caves such as the Grottes de Vallorbe , as well as gorges such as Taubenloch . The Swiss Jura has been industrialized since the 18th century and became

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408-597: The Rhine and Rhône basins . The northern and eastern part of the range drains towards the Rhine river and its tributaries Aare and Ill , whereas the western and southern parts drain towards the Rhône river and its (sub)tributaries Doubs , Saône , and Ain . Initially the river Doubs (a subtributary of the Rhône) flows about 100 km (62 mi) northeast, briefly venturing into Switzerland, then changing direction and flowing about 170 km (110 mi) southwest before joining

442-614: The Rhône-Alpes region and north into the Grand Est region. The range reaches its highest point at the Crêt de la Neige (1,720 m (5,640 ft)), in department of Ain , 5 km west from the Swiss border of the canton of Geneva , and finds its southern terminus in the northwestern part of the department of Savoie . The north end of the Jura extends into the southern tip of Alsace ( Sundgau ). Roughly 1,600 km (600 sq mi) of

476-535: The 1960s there are agreements in force to strengthen contacts within the so-called Regio Basiliensis . This economic co-operation is often considered as the most intensive in Europe . From the 17th century until the beginning of the 20th century silk weaving was important in Basel-Landschaft. Factories were established as early as 1850, following the finding of salt in underground deposits, founding industries such as

510-680: The Chasseral hotel, where there is a bus stop. This Canton of Bern location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Jura Mountains The mountain range gives its name to the French department of Jura , the Swiss canton of Jura , the Jurassic period of the geologic timescale, and the Montes Jura of the Moon . It is first attested as mons Iura in book one of Julius Caesar 's Commentarii de Bello Gallico . Strabo uses

544-513: The French Jura, the 11th-century Fort de Joux , famously remodeled and strengthened by Vauban in 1690 and subsequently by other military engineers, is situated on a natural rock outcropping in the middle of the range not far from Pontarlier . Part of the A40 autoroute crosses through a portion of the southern Jura between Bourg-en-Bresse and Bellegarde-sur-Valserine , which is known as the "Highway of

578-507: The Jura consists of a sequence of geologic folds, the formation of which is facilitated by an evaporitic decollement layer. The box folds are still relatively young, which is evident by the general shape of the landscape showing that they have not existed long enough to experience erosion , thus revealing recent mountain building. The Jura range offer a variety of tourist activities including hiking, cycling, downhill skiing and cross-country skiing. There are many signposted trails including

612-573: The Jura range proper is the Lägern , situated east of the river Aare. Much of the Swiss Jura region has no historical association with Early Modern Switzerland and was incorporated as part of the Swiss Confederacy only in the 19th century. In the 20th century, a movement for Jura separatism developed which resulted in the creation of the Canton of Jura in 1979. The east of the Jura range proper separates

646-726: The Saône ca. 140 km (87 mi) north of the French city of Lyon . In Lyon, the Saône joins the Rhône. While the Rhine flows into the North Sea , the Rhône flows into the Mediterranean Sea . Northeast, the Jura range proper (known as "folded Jura", Faltenjura ) is continued as the Table Jura ( Tafeljura ). The Table Jura ranges (from southwest to northeast) across the Swiss cantons of Basel-Landschaft , Aargau , and Schaffhausen ( Randen ), and

680-483: The Titans". Canton of Basel-Landschaft Basel-Landschaft or Basel-Country , informally known as Baselland or Baselbiet ( / ˌ b ɑː z ə l ˈ l æ n d ʃ ɑː f t / ; German : Kanton Basel-Landschaft [ˈkantɔn ˌbaːzl̩ ˈlantʃaft] ; Romansh : Chantun Basilea-Champagna ; French : Canton de Bâle-Campagne [bɑl.kɑ̃.paɲ] ; Italian : Canton Basilea Campagna ),

714-444: The agricultural areas of Europe was typical in that era. The best students would be sponsored and sent away for higher learning. The city of Basel remained the cultural and economic centre of both Basel half cantons until then. Castles and residences of Basel merchants dominated much of the landscape in Basel-Landschaft. After 1830 there were political quarrels and armed conflict in the canton of Basel. Some of these were concerned with

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748-592: The border with the canton of Neuchâtel . The Chasseral Pass is located further on the west. The Chasseral is the fourth most topographically isolated mountain of Switzerland , although it is the first when considering only easily accessible summits. This results in a very extensive view over the other mountains of the Jura , the Swiss Plateau , the Alps , the Vosges and the Black Forest . The summit can be reached from

782-473: The canton of Basel-Stadt to the north, the canton of Aargau to the east, the canton of Solothurn to the south and the canton of Jura to the west. It shares international borders as well with France and Germany to the north. Together with Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft was part of the canton of Basel , which joined the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1501. Political quarrels and armed conflict led to

816-439: The canton of Bern. It was allowed self- determination and in 1980 the people decided to join the canton of Basel-Landschaft. This led to Laufental joining the canton of Basel-Landschaft on 1 January 1994 after a lengthy administrative process. There are 5 areas (Bezirke) in Basel-Landschaft (as of 2021 ): There are 86 municipalities in the canton (As of 2009 ). The population is predominantly German-speaking. Protestantism

850-465: The city of Basel . Until the end of the 16th century, most of the canton's land belonged to the city of Basel. After Napoleon's visit in 1798, the country achieved equality with the city. The country was economically dependent on the city, most probably because of the cost and difficulty in transporting agricultural goods to further markets, the financing of land transactions and crop production by city-based merchants. Low levels of education and literacy in

884-591: The linguistic switch of the Family of the House of Basel's name from "von Basel" to "de Bâle", since Arlesheim holds their manor. In 1815 at the Congress of Vienna the district joined Basel. The district of Laufental has the same history as that of Arlesheim . The important difference is that in 1815 Laufental joined Bern rather than Basel. When the canton of Jura was created in 1979, the district of Laufental became an enclave of

918-779: The mountain range in France is protected by the Jura Mountains Regional Natural Park . The Swiss Jura is one of the three distinct geographical regions of Switzerland, the others being the Swiss plateau and the Swiss Alps . Most of the range covers the western border with France. In Switzerland, the Jura Mountains extend over an area covering (from northeast to southwest) the cantons of Zurich , Aargau , Basel-Landschaft , Solothurn , Jura , Bern (i.e., Bernese Jura ), Neuchâtel , Vaud , and Geneva . The easternmost mountain of

952-447: The much smaller Augst . The remains are on display in an open-air museum. The museum attracts over 140,000 visitors per year. Many of these visitors are schoolchildren from other parts of Switzerland. The site of Augusta Raurica includes the best-preserved amphitheatre north of the Alps, and a reconstructed Roman villa. The lands of the canton Basel-Landschaft are part of the lands acquired by

986-528: The partition of the canton in 1833. Basel-Landschaft, together with Basel-Stadt, formed the historic Canton of Basel until they separated following the uprising of 1833 ( Battle of the Hülftenschanz near Frenkendorf ). In Roman times, the area of Basel was a centre of Roman activity. There are well-preserved remains at the site of Augusta Raurica in the canton of Basel-Landschaft. Around 200 AD there were about 20,000 people living in this city, now part of

1020-462: The population included 48,719 foreign residents, who made up 18.1% of the population. The historical population is given in the following table: Agriculture in the canton includes fruit growing, dairy farming and cattle breeding. Important industries include textiles, metals and chemicals. The canton of Basel-Landschaft is part of the economic region around Basel that includes parts of France and Germany as well as both half cantons of Basel. Since

1054-428: The rights of the population in the agricultural areas. They ultimately led to the separation of the canton Basel-Landschaft from the city of Basel on 26 August 1833. Since then, there has been a movement for reunification. This movement gained momentum after 1900 when many parts of Basel-Landschaft became industrialized. The two half cantons agreed in principle to merge, but in 1969 the people of Basel-Landschaft voted down

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1088-529: The southern German states of Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria (as Klettgau Jura, Baar Jura , and the Swabian and Franconian plateaus). The range is built up vertically while decreasing in size laterally (along a rough northwest–southeast line). This deformation accommodates the compression from alpine folding as the main Alpine orogenic front moves roughly northwards. The deformation becomes less pervasive away from

1122-581: The surviving corpus of the Celtic languages, modern studies of Proto-Celtic and Gaulish etymology tend not to list any lemmata connected to Jura, and the name must be considered fundamentally unclear. The Jura Mountains are a far province of the larger Central European uplands . The Jura range proper lies in France and Switzerland. In France, the Jura covers most of the Franche-Comté region, stretching south into

1156-651: The younger, more active Alpine mountain building. The geologic folds comprise three major bands ( lithological units) of building that date from three epochs : the Lias ( Early Jurassic ), the Dogger ( Middle Jurassic ) and the Malm ( Late Jurassic ) geologic periods . Each era of folding reveals effects of previously shallow marine environments as evidenced by beds with carbonate sequences, containing abundant bioclasts and oolitic divisions between layers (called horizons). Structurally,

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