34-699: Charlemont may refer to: Places [ edit ] Charlemont, County Armagh , a village in Northern Ireland Charlemont (Parliament of Ireland constituency) , a former constituency Charlemont Luas stop , a tram stop in Dublin Charlemont, Massachusetts , a town in the United States Charlemont, Victoria , a suburb of Geelong in Australia Charlemont and Grove Vale ,
68-534: A Cromwellian force ousted him after a bloody siege . In 1664, William Caulfeild sold Charlemont Fort to the Crown for the sum of £3,500. James II installed Teig O'Regan as the fort's governor in 1689, and spent a night here on his way to the Siege of Derry . It again came under siege in 1690 when Marshal Schomberg arrived, eventually forcing O'Regan to surrender. Charlemont Fort continued to be garrisoned throughout
102-704: A colonel in the Jacobite forces during the Williamite War . O'Neill is depicted as a historical character in several books. Annraoi Ó Liatháin 's Irish-language novel Dún na Cinniúna centres on the 1651 siege of Charlemont Fort in Tyrone. O'Neill's defeat at the battle of Glanmaquin in 1642 is described in Darach Ó Scolaí 's novel An Cléireach . The use of "P. O'Neill" as a pseudonym in Provisional IRA public statements
136-434: A gun attack on the nearby Eagle Bar led to the death of another Catholic civilian: 49-year-old Frederick McLoughlin two weeks later. A UDR soldier was later convicted for taking part in the attacks, which have been linked to the " Glenanne gang ". Sir Phelim O%27Neill Sir Phelim Roe O'Neill of Kinard ( Irish : Sir Féilim Rua Ó Néill na Ceann Ard ; 1604–1653) was an Irish politician and soldier who started
170-466: A knowledge of the law was considered important for landowners of the era. He briefly converted to Protestantism , before returning to Catholicism . He married three times. In 1629 he married a daughter of Arthur Magennis, the 3rd Viscount Magennis of Iveagh. Her first name is unknown. On 17 March 1639 in Dublin O'Neill was knighted by Thomas Wentworth, Lord Deputy , thanks to the influence of his relation
204-508: A plot hatched by fellow Gaelic Irish Catholics from Ulster, to seize Dublin and swiftly take over the other important towns of Ireland. After this, they planned to issue their demands for full rights for Catholics and Irish self-government in the King's name. O'Neill's role was to take towns and fortified places in the north of the country whereas Maguire was tasked with seizing Dublin Castle . O'Neill
238-624: A political ward in Sandwell, England Fortress of Charlemont , a fortification along the Belgian border in Givet, France People [ edit ] George Charlemont (1873–1907), Irish Gaelic footballer Joseph Charlemont (1839–1918), French savate and canne de combat teacher Viscount Charlemont and other titles in the peerage of Ireland Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
272-528: A population of 109 people (52 households) at the 2011 Census. Charlemont takes its name from Charles Blount, 8th Baron Mountjoy , who built a bridge and fort here in 1602 in order to secure the Blackwater valley against the rebel Earl of Tyrone . Sir Toby Caulfeild became the fort's governor the following year. By 1611, a "towne" had grown up around the fort, "replenished with many inhabitants of English and Irish, who have built them good houses of coples." It
306-551: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Charlemont, County Armagh Charlemont ( Irish : Achadh an Dá Chora , "field of the two weirs") is a small village in County Armagh , Northern Ireland . It sits on the right bank of the River Blackwater , five miles northwest of Armagh , and is linked to the neighbouring village of Moy by Charlemont Bridge . It had
340-637: The Earl of Antrim . Shortly before the rebellion, O'Neill evicted some of his Gaelic tenants near Kinard and replaced them with British settler families who paid higher rents. In summer 1641, O'Neill was elected MP for Dungannon in County Tyrone in a by-election for the Irish Parliament of 1640–1649 , replacing Thomas Madden , who had died in office. His first wife died in September 1641 shortly before
374-839: The Irish rebellion in Ulster on 23 October 1641. He joined the Irish Catholic Confederation in 1642 and fought in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms under his cousin, Owen Roe O'Neill , in the Confederate Ulster Army. After the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland O’Neill went into hiding but was captured, tried and executed in 1653. Phelim was born in 1604, the eldest son of Turlough O'Neill and his wife Catherine O'Neill. His father
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#1732844217840408-682: The Nine Years' War , but had received a pardon and was confirmed in his lands in Tiranny and Minterburn. His second great-grandfather, Sean, a brother of Conn Bacach, had settled in Tynan parish by at least 1514 in a sub-district called Cluain Dabhal. Phelim's name in Irish shows his paternal genealogy as: "Felim mac Turlogh mac Henry Óg mac Henry mac Seán mac Conn Mór Ó Néill" (father of Conn Bacach O'Neill ). Phelim's mother
442-694: The Spanish Netherlands and was made general of the Confederate's Ulster army. Phelim O'Neill served as cavalry commander under him and spent most of the next six years fighting against the Scottish Covenanter army that had landed in Ulster. He fought in the army's victory at the Battle of Benburb on 5 June 1646. In Confederate politics, O'Neill was a moderate, advocating a deal with Charles I and
476-680: The 18th century, but its usefulness waned thereafter and the government withdrew the last garrison in 1856. In 1859 it was sold to the Earl of Charlemont for £12,884 5s. It was burned down by the IRA in 1920, leaving only the gatehouse there today. On 15 May 1976, the Ulster Volunteer Force launched two attacks on pubs in Charlemont. A bomb attack on Clancy's Bar left three Catholic civilians dead: 54-year-old Felix Clancy, 22-year-old Sean O'Hagan, and 41-year-old Robert McCullough. Shortly after,
510-626: The Irish and English Royalists as a means of winning the war against the English Parliament and the Scottish Covenanters. In 1648, he voted for such a deal, the Second Ormond Peace, splitting with Owen Roe O'Neill, who opposed it along with most of the Ulster army. He and several other moderates such as Alexander MacDonnell, 3rd Earl of Antrim and Arthur Magennis, Viscount Iveagh left the Ulster army because of their dispute with
544-658: The authorities. O'Neill went ahead and started the rebellion in the north, capturing the important fort of Charlemont but quickly found that he could not control the Irish Catholic peasantry he had raised. These people, many of whom had been displaced during the Plantation of Ulster , began attacking the Scottish and English Protestant settlers with varying intensity over a period of 5 months. Being in command, O'Neill has been blamed for complicity or lack of oversight in these massacres ,
578-576: The detail of which is still a matter of contentious debate. On 24 October 1641 O'Neill issued the Proclamation of Dungannon in which he claimed to have the King's authorisation to rise in defence of the Crown and the Catholic religion. On 4 November 1641 O'Neill repeated these claims in his proclamation alongside Rory Maguire at Newry and read out a commission from Charles I of England dated 1 October, commanding him to seize: "... all
612-562: The fort against Coote, inflicting heavy casualties on the English troops in the Siege of Charlemont , but surrendered on terms on 6 August 1650 and marching away with his remaining troops was expected to embark and take service in France. However, O'Neill decided to rather go into hiding. Anyone implicated in the Rebellion of 1641 was held responsible for the massacres of Protestant civilians and
646-596: The forts, castles, and places, of strength and defence within the kingdom , except the places, persons, and estates of Our loyal and loving subjects the Scots; also to arrest and seize the goods, estates, and persons of all the English Protestants, within the said kingdom to Our use. And in your care and speedy performance of this Our will and pleasure We shall rely on your wonted duty and allegiance to Us which We shall accept and reward in due time." This gave O'Neill's forces
680-521: The hard-liners. In the summer of that year, the Confederate armies fought among themselves over this issue, with the pro-Royalists prevailing. However, this was not enough to stop Ireland from being conquered by the New Model Army of Oliver Cromwell in 1649–53. The well-trained and supplied Parliamentarians crushed all Confederate and Royalist resistance and imposed a harsh settlement on Irish Catholics. In November 1649 O'Neill married Jean Gordon,
714-525: The historic site of Tullyhogue . Nalson, in his "History of the General Rebellion in Ireland", described O'Neill as: "Sir Phelemy Roe O Neill, captain-generall of all the rebels, and chieftain of the O Neills, O Hagans, O Quyns, O Mellans, O Hanlons, O Corrs, McCans, McCawells, Mac Enallyes, O Gormelys, and the rest of the Irish septs in the counties of Tyrone and Ardmagh." The rebellion quickly spread to
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#1732844217840748-421: The impression that they were acting within the law. Charles later denied having issued the commission. In November O'Neill attacked Lisburn several times but failed to take it. Like other rebel leaders, O'Neill had difficulty with the discipline of his troops, which was compounded by his comparative lack of social status. In an effort to improve this O'Neill planned to have himself declared Earl of Tyrone at
782-529: The rebellion. He married secondly Louise, daughter of Thomas Preston, 1st Viscount Tara , a younger brother of the 5th Viscount Gormanston . Like many Irish Catholics and especially Gaelic Irish Catholics, O'Neill felt threatened by the Protestant English government of Ireland. In particular, they were aggrieved at Catholic exclusion from public office and the continual confiscations of Catholic-owned land. Another reason pressing him into desperate action
816-522: The rest of Ireland. By the spring of 1642 only fortified Protestant enclaves, around Dublin , Cork and Derry , held out. King Charles I sent a large army to Ireland, which would probably have put down the rebellion, had the English Civil War not broken out. As it was, the Irish Catholic upper classes had breathing space to form the Irish Catholic Confederation , which acted as a de facto independent government of Ireland until 1649. Phelim O'Neill
850-418: The title Charlemont . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charlemont&oldid=1233864824 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description
884-539: The widow of Claud Hamilton, 2nd Baron Hamilton of Strabane , who had died on 14 June 1638. O'Neill fought in the Ulster Army at the Battle of Scarrifholis in 1650 where it was routed by Charles Coote, 2nd Baronet of Castle Cuff . O'Neill escaped from the battle and retreated with a rest of the Ulster army to the Charlemont Fort . Together with his stepson James Hamilton, 3rd Baron Hamilton of Strabane he held
918-616: Was Catherine, daughter of Turlough MacHenry O'Neill, chief of the Fews branch of the O'Neills. After Phelim's father's death, she remarried to Robert Hovenden, a Catholic of recent English descent . He had two half-brothers from his mother's second marriage: Robert Hovenden and Alexander Hovenden. The latter was killed as a captain in 1644 fighting for Phelim. Felim, together with his younger brother Turlough, entered King's Inns in London in June 1621, as
952-413: Was a latecomer to the plot, brought into it by Lord Maguire in early September 1641. On 23 October 1641 he surprised Lord Caulfeild in Charlemont Fort . O'Neill was instrumental in shaping many of the political objectives of the rebellion. He rapidly assumed command of the Ulster rising. However, the plan to take Dublin was bungled by two conspirators, Maguire and MacMahon, who were captured by
986-542: Was a member of the Confederate's General Assembly, but was sidelined in the leadership of Irish Catholics by wealthier landed magnates. O'Neill was also sidelined on the military side. After his disastrous defeat on 16 July 1642 at Glenmaquin near Raphoe in County Donegal against the Protestant Laggan Army led by Sir Robert Stewart , his kinsman, Owen Roe O'Neill , a professional soldier, arrived from
1020-471: Was a member of the Kinard branch of the O'Neills who were descendants of Shane O'Neill of Kinard, a half-brother of Conn Baccach O'Neill . His father and paternal grandfather were killed on 20 June 1608, while defending Kinard against the insurgents during the O'Doherty's Rebellion . This grandfather, Sir Henry Óg O'Neill, had fought for his second cousin and father-in-law, Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone in
1054-588: Was executed. O'Neill was specifically named as a ringleader in the Cromwellian Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652 and could therefore expect no mercy. A bounty of £100 was put on his head. O'Neill was captured on 4 February 1653 by William Caulfeild, 1st Viscount Charlemont on a crannog (artificial island) in Roughan Lough next to Roughan Castle , Newmills, County Tyrone where he had taken refuge. He
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1088-480: Was incorporated as a borough in 1613. Charlemont Fort retained its military significance after Tyrone's Rebellion came to an end. Caulfeild rebuilt the defences in 1622, adding a three-storied governor's house. At the outbreak of the 1641 Rebellion , the fort was taken by Sir Phelim O'Neill in a surprise attack. A number of attempts were made to recapture it, but despite the efforts of both Royalists and Covenanters it remained in O'Neill's hands until 1650, when
1122-477: Was taken to Dublin , where his trial was held. He was found guilty, hanged, drawn and quartered for treason on 10 March 1653. O'Neill may have been able to avoid execution had he testified that he had Charles I's commission for the uprising of 1641, as the Parliamentarians claimed at the time. However, O'Neill refused to do so. He was survived by at least one child, Gordon O'Neill , who would serve as
1156-456: Was that Phelim was deep in debt. This fear reached its high point in the late 1630s and early 1640s, when Thomas Wentworth , Lord Deputy for Charles I , was known to be planning widespread new plantations . A crisis point was reached in 1641, when the Scottish Covenanters and English Long Parliament threatened to invade Ireland to finally subdue Catholicism there. In this atmosphere of fear and paranoia, Phelim O'Neill became involved in
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