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18-642: The 741.22 km (286.19 sq mi) Sahyadri Tiger Reserve, including all of Chandoli National Park and Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary was declared by The National Tiger Conservation Authority as a Project Tiger tiger reserve on May 21, 2007. The Sahyadri Tiger Reserve was then estimated to have nine tigers and 66 leopards . Chandoli National Park is located near the Chandoli Dam between longitudes 73°40' and 73°53' E and latitudes 17°03' and 17°20'N in Sangli District of Western Maharashtra. It lies between

36-798: A diverse variety of mammals including the keystone species , Bengal tigers (>6). Also, Indian leopards (14), Indian gaur (220-250), sloth bears (70-80), sambar deer (160-175), barking deer (180-200) and mouse deer , gray langurs , smooth-coated otters and Indian giant squirrels are common. Many species of birds are found in the sanctuary including the distinctive heart-spotted woodpecker , rufous woodpecker , and brown-capped pygmy woodpecker , Asian fairy bluebird , Malabar pied hornbill , long-tailed nightjar and crested goshawk . Large Indian pythons and Spectacled cobras are found here. An endemic Toad Bufo koyanansis has its only habitat in this protected area. The sanctuary now has 215 windmills and 10 tourist resorts. An earthen dam

54-540: A rise in gaur population in the Kolhapur Wildlife Division from 88 to 243. On 23 and 24 May 2018, a tiger was photographed in a camera trap in Chandoli. This was the first direct evidence of tigers in the reserve in eight years. Prior to that, in 2014, scat DNA and model-based predictions were used to estimate that the reserve had five to eight tigers. Work undertaken for habitat improvement and development in

72-479: Is connected by a forested wildlife corridor to Chandoli National Park and Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary in the south. Like Chandoli, Koyna is part of Sahyadri Tiger Reserve. The average altitude is 897 m (2,943 ft). The mean annual rainfall is 5,500 mm (220 in). The sanctuary has dense forests with three major sections, Vasota, Maharkhor and Indavli Met, and is endowed with natural protective boundaries, with Shivsagar Lake on one side, and

90-480: Is found almost all over the area. Climbers such as shikekai, garambi are common. Some of the threatened species of trees found in the sanctuary are dhup ( Indian frankincense ), longan , and Elaeocarpus spp. Shrubs and medicinal plants such as karvand, agati, ranmiri, tamalpati, toran, dhayati, kadipatta, narkya and murudsheng, along with a small quantity of bamboo are also found. A large number of ephemeral bulbs of seasonal plants are found. The sanctuary has

108-451: Is nocturnal. It has a body length of 57.5 cm (22.6 in) with a 2.5 cm (0.98 in) long tail length and weighs around 3 kg (6.6 lb). This was earlier included under the name of Tragulus meminna , but studies on the systematics of the group have led to that name being restricted to the Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain . This article about an even-toed ungulate

126-463: Is under construction and many trees have been felled. Land inside the sanctuary has been sold. More than 900 land deals have been finalised since 1985. Indian spotted chevrotain Tragulus meminna (in part) The Indian spotted chevrotain ( Moschiola indica ) is a species of even-toed ungulate in the family Tragulidae . It is native to India and possibly Nepal . It lives in rainforests and

144-719: The Radhanagiri and Koyna Wildlife Sanctuaries and forms the southern part of the Sahyadri Tiger Reserve. it is near about 101 km from sangli The park includes historical places of note including 17th century forts of the Maratha Empire , Prachitgad and Bhairavgad . Most of the protected area was used an open jail for the "prisoners of war" of the early battles during Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's rule. Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj used Prachitgad as an observation point and recreational place. The park spreads along

162-490: The Chandoli National Park include removal of invasive species , soil conservation and water conservation , vaccination of cattle, research, fire prevention , providing salt licks , demarcation of boundary, erection of watch towers , maintenance of nature trails , desalting water holes, development of grasslands , and procurement of wireless two-way radios . The Maharashtra government has plans to set up

180-570: The Karadi-Bhogiv hydro-electric project in the catchment area of the Warna Dam that is expected to use up 6.78 km (2.62 sq mi) of forest land. On a positive note, nearly 7,894 people and a significant cattle population resident on 84.29 km (32.54 sq mi) of land in 32 villages within the park. These villages have been successfully relocated to areas outside the park. This measure has helped to preserve and regenerate some of

198-672: The crest of the Sahyadri Range of the northern Western Ghats . It forms and protects many perennial water channels, water holes and the Vasant Sagar Reservoir. Elevation of the park ranges from 589–1,044 m (1,932–3,425 ft). The park receives its water supply from the Warna river and reservoir as well as several other small streams and rivers. Flat topped mountains, rocky, lateritic plateaus called 'Saddas', almost devoid of vegetation, large boulders and caves are distinctive to

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216-529: The forests of Chandoli. The tiger , leopard , Indian bison , leopard cat , sloth bear and giant squirrel are quite conspicuous here. Many prey species of ungulates such as the barking deer , sambar deer , mouse deer and blackbuck are present. A census carried out in 2002 by the Forest Department showed a rise in the number of tigers, leopards, gaur, barking deer, mouse deer, sloth bears and blackbuck. A similar census carried out in 2004 showed

234-715: The landscape include asan wood or ain or Indian laurel , amla or Indian gooseberry , umbar or devil fig (hispida) and harra or chebulic myrobalan . Grasses commonly seen here include bangala or bluestem grass sp., dongari or golden beard grass (fulvus), black spear grass, kalikusli or tangle grass , anjan grass or buffel grass , grader grass or karad or kangaroo grass (quadrivalvis) and grasses belonging to family Poaceae , like saphet-kusli or Aristida funiculata]. Insectivorous plant species like sundews and bladderworts sp. are also found in this protected area. Nearly 23 species of mammals, 122 species of birds, 20 species of amphibians and reptiles are known to be resident in

252-602: The protected areas in the Sahyadri region of the Western Ghats. The forest types seen here are a mix of Malabar Coast moist forests and North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests . In the dwarf evergreen forests , some tree species commonly seen here are the anjani ironwood tree , jamun , pisa (angustifolia), fig , Olea (diocia), katak spinous kino tree , nana or Crape myrtle (lanceolata), kinjal , kokum tree and phanasi false kelat (brachiata). Other trees dominating

270-615: The sanctuary. It also forms the catchment area for the Koyna River, and Shivsagar reservoir formed by the Koyna Dam . To the south of the park lies the Chandoli National Park. The sanctuary includes eastern and western catchments of the Koyna dam. The sanctuary is well protected by the large extent of Shivsagar reservoir and steep slopes of the Western Ghats on both the sides. This protected area

288-561: The slopes of the Western Ghats on both sides. These geographic barriers have enabled the emergence of a wide variety of flora and fauna and high biodiversity in the sanctuary. Due to the wide range of elevations in the sanctuary, the ecoregions in the sanctuary include North Western Ghats montane rain forests above 1,000 m (3,300 ft) and North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests below. Dominant species are anjani, jambul, hirda, awala, pisa, ain, kinjal, amba, kumbha, bhoma, chandala, katak, nana, umbra, jambha, gela and bibba. Karvi

306-651: The vegetation in this protected area. Sangli Sangli railway station Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary and natural World Heritage Site, which is located in Satara district of the Indian state of Maharashtra . Further, this wildlife sanctuary is designated as an Important Bird area. The sanctuary is nested in the Western Ghats , covering an area of around 423.55 km (163.53 sq mi), and elevations ranging from 600 to 1,100 m (2,000 to 3,600 ft). It

324-598: Was notified in 1985 as a wildlife sanctuary situated in Maharashtra. It forms the northern portion of the Sahyadri Tiger Reserve , with Chandoli National Park forming the southern part of the reserve. The Vasota Fort lies deep in the forests and is located at an elevation of 1,120 m (3,670 ft) above sea level. The legend states that the fort was constructed by Malwa king Raja Bhoja in 1170. The rivers Koyna , Kandati , and Solashi meander through

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