50-572: The Champlin Fighter Museum was an aircraft museum located at Mesa, Arizona . It specialized in airworthy World War I and World War II fighters. After 22 years of operation, the Museum was closed on May 26, 2003, and its collection was moved to the Museum of Flight at Seattle 's Boeing Field . It also published books related to aviation, such as Henry Sakaida 's 1985 book Winged Samurai: Saburo Sakai and
100-512: A church missionary in England , spending most of the time in London . During this time, he also accompanied Joseph F. Smith on a trip to Paris , France . In 1864, Young returned to Europe, this time with his wife, Catherine ( Orson Spencer 's daughter), as his companion. He was an assistant to mission president Daniel H. Wells . In 1865, when Wells left for Utah, Young succeeded him as president of
150-581: A decade's worth of public opinion surveys. They determined that Mesa was the "most conservative American city of more than 250,000 residents". In 2017, the Pew Research Center also determined that Mesa was the most conservative city in the United States. According to the city's 2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: Numerous properties in the city are considered to be historical and have been included either in
200-427: A female householder with no husband present, and 31.9% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.20. The age distribution was 27.3% under 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 18.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 or older. The median age
250-676: A leader over the mission presidents of the various missions on the European continent . In the western United States, Young was involved in the colonization of Cache Valley , southern Utah and the extension of Mormon settlements into New Mexico and Arizona . Young was also involved at times with the Mormon colonies in Mexico . In 1867, Young was involved with the formation of the Deseret Sunday School Union to provide centralized direction to
300-624: A refurbishment and expansion of the mall has been planned. Mesa Riverview is a new outdoor destination retail center in the northwestern corner of the city, near Loop 202 and Dobson Road. At build-out the center will include 1,300,000 square feet (120,000 m ) of retail space. Located in East Mesa is Superstition Springs Business Park. It includes the Superstition Springs Center , a shopping mall owned by Macerich . It features an outdoor amphitheatre and fountain which convert to
350-491: A stage. Anchor stores at the mall are Dillard's , JCPenney , and Macy's . Mission Community Church , previously known as Superstition Springs Community Church, was initially named after this business park . Almost all of the city of Mesa is served by public schools operated by Mesa Public Schools ; however, the southern portion is served by Gilbert Public Schools , the Higley Unified School District and
400-569: Is Main Street (former US 60/70/80/89), serving Downtown Mesa. The primary north–south arterials include Country Club Drive, Gilbert Road, and Power Road. Public transportation in Mesa is provided by Valley Metro via bus and light rail ( Valley Metro Rail ). The light rail section in Mesa spans about four miles from Sycamore/Main St. in the west of the city, through downtown to Gilbert/Main St . Until July 2008, Mesa
450-569: Is different from that used in Phoenix and other portions of the metropolitan area. Center Street, running north to south, bisects Mesa into eastern and western halves and serves as the east and west numbering point of origin within Mesa. Streets west of Center St., such as W. University Drive or W. Main St. are considered to be in West Mesa, whereas streets east of Center St., such as E. University or E. Main St., are considered to be in East Mesa. Located in
500-418: Is elected to represent the city at large and also has a four-year term. Both Councilmembers and mayors cannot serve more than two consecutive terms. A partial term does not count towards these two consecutive terms; for instance, Mayor John Giles served a partial term from 2014 to 2016 then served two consecutive terms from 2016 to 2024. In a 2014 study, academic researchers from MIT and UCLA analyzed over
550-568: Is in Phoenix. Mesa has five sister cities , as designated by Sister Cities International : Brigham Young, Jr. Brigham Young Jr. (December 18, 1836 – April 11, 1903) served as president of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1899 until his death. His tenure was interrupted for one week in 1901 when Joseph F. Smith
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#1732849108482600-633: Is located in the far southeastern area of the city and provides alternate but limited air service when compared to Sky Harbor International Airport . Phoenix-Mesa Gateway was formerly Williams Gateway Airport , and before that, Williams Air Force Base , which closed in 1993. Williams Gateway was announced as a new Focus City for Allegiant Air . Service started October 25, 2007. The public hospital system, Valleywise Health (formerly Maricopa Integrated Health System), operates Valleywise Community Health Center – Mesa and Valleywise Behavioral Health Center – Mesa. Its sole hospital, Valleywise Health Medical Center,
650-606: The 36th-most populous city in the U.S., and the most populous city that is not a county seat (except for independent cities Washington, D.C. and Baltimore which are not part of any county). The city is home to 504,258 people as of 2020. It is the most populous city in the East Valley of the Phoenix metropolitan area . It is bordered by Tempe on the west, the Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community on
700-593: The National Register of Historic Places or the listings of the Mesa Historic Properties . Mesa has over 2,280 acres of parkland in the city limits. Its largest is Red Mountain Park which spans 1,146 acres. It includes a lake, playgrounds, a basketball court and a cement volleyball court. Mesa is home to numerous championship golf courses, including the original course in town, Mesa Country Club. This course
750-519: The President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles since the previous president, Franklin D. Richards , had died on December 9, 1899. When church president Lorenzo Snow died on October 10, 1901, Smith served as President of the Quorum until he was made church president on October 17, 1901. The death of Snow dissolved the First Presidency , returning First Counselor Joseph F. Smith to the Quorum of
800-725: The Queen Creek Unified School District , and a small western portion is served by the Tempe Elementary School District and the Tempe Union High School District . Pilgrim Lutheran School is a Christian Pre-K-8 school of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod in Mesa. More than 40,000 students are enrolled in more than 10 colleges and universities located in Mesa. Mesa is home to Mesa Community College ,
850-620: The Sonoran Desert , Mesa has a hot desert climate ( Köppen : BWh ), with mild winters and very hot summers. According to the 2020 Census, the racial composition of Mesa was: According to the 2010 Census, the racial composition of Mesa was: As of the census of 2010, there were 439,041 people, 146,643 households, and 99,863 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,171.3 inhabitants per square mile (1,224.4/km ). There were 175,701 housing units at an average density of 1,405.7 per square mile (542.7/km ). The racial make-up of
900-829: The St. George Temple . From 1877 to 1880, Young and George Q. Cannon served as editors of the Deseret News . In 1878, Young and Moses Thatcher selected the site for the Latter-day Saint settlement in the Star Valley of Wyoming . In August 1878, Young dedicated the valley as a place for the gathering of the Latter-day Saints. In February 1883, Young went on a tour among the Navajo and Hopi peoples with many other church leaders, including Heber J. Grant . In 1883, Young convinced
950-774: The Sunday schools of the church. During 1868, Young acted as his father's agent in finding workers for the Utah portion of the First transcontinental railroad . From 1869 until 1877, Young presided over the Latter-day Saints in Cache Valley, closely assisted by William B. Preston , who was serving as the regional presiding bishop. During this time, Young co-owned a feed and livery stable in Soda Springs, Idaho , with Solomon Hale. In 1877, Young, Erastus Snow and Wilford Woodruff dedicated parts of
1000-539: The Utah Territorial Legislature . Young was ordained an apostle before Joseph F. Smith but was not placed in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles until after Joseph F. Smith. It was not until 1900 that a clear decision was made which gave Smith seniority in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles over Young, since Smith had been a member of the First Presidency since becoming an apostle. Young had served as
1050-494: The mesa that serves as the city's namesake. They dug irrigation canals and used some of the original Hohokam canals. By April 1878, water was flowing through them. The Second Mesa Company arrived in 1879 and settled to the west of the First Mesa Company because of more available farmland. This settlement was originally called Alma and later Stringtown. It was located near where Alma School Road. On July 17, 1878, Mesa City
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#17328491084821100-436: The 1950s and 1960s. As late as 1960, half of the residents of Mesa made a living with agriculture, but that number declined substantially as Mesa's suburban growth continued on track with the rest of the Phoenix metro area. Mesa stretches 18 miles (29 km) from Price Road in the west to Meridian Road in the east and has a land area of 138.70 square miles (359.2 km ). Mesa employs a grid system for street numbering that
1150-656: The European Mission. Brigham and Catherine's son, Joseph Angel Young II, was born in England in 1866 while he was still serving as mission president. As president of the church's European Mission in 1866 and 1867, Young preached in France , Switzerland , Germany , Denmark , Sweden , Norway , Russia , the United Kingdom , and Ireland . Young also oversaw the emigration of British Latter-day Saints to Utah Territory. It
1200-702: The Media and Immersive eXperience Center in the ASU at Mesa City Center complex in 2022, offering programs from the Herberger Institute for Design and Arts including a film school with media production facilities and a theater. After launching a higher education initiative in 2012, Mesa became home to branch campuses of five private, liberal arts institutions: Albright College , Westminster College , Benedictine University , Upper Iowa University and Wilkes University . Albright College and Westminster College are no longer in
1250-549: The Quorum if they were a member of the First Presidency, which Smith was. One week later, Smith was made President of the Church and Young again became President of the Quorum. Therefore, when Smith became president, Young again assumed the position of President of the Quorum of the Twelve. Young is the only person to have served two non-consecutive terms as President of the Quorum. Young died in Salt Lake City , Utah at age 66. He
1300-482: The Quorum of the Twelve Apostles four years later in 1868, after the death of Heber C. Kimball and George A. Smith joining the First Presidency. In 1868, he was also a Representative to the Territory of Utah Legislative Assembly. Young Jr. also served as a counselor to his father in the First Presidency of the church from April 8, 1873, until his father's death on August 29, 1877. From 1862 to 1863, Young served as
1350-525: The Twelve as President of the Quorum. The LDS Church at that time did not draw a distinction between President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles and Acting President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles . In that time, the person who in the modern church would be called the Acting President was set apart as the President of the Quorum. The second-most senior apostle was not set apart as the President of
1400-599: The Zero Fighter Pilots . [REDACTED] Media related to Champlin Fighter Museum at Wikimedia Commons 33°27′17″N 111°43′50″W / 33.4548°N 111.7305°W / 33.4548; -111.7305 Mesa, Arizona Mesa ( / ˈ m eɪ s ə / MAY -sə ) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona , United States. It is the third-most populous city in Arizona, after Phoenix and Tucson ,
1450-505: The advance of Johnston's Army . In 1861, Young was made a member of the Salt Lake Stake high council . Brigham Young Sr. ordained three of his sons, Brigham Young Jr., Joseph Angell Young and John Willard Young , as apostles in 1864, without public announcement or adding them to the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles . Unlike his brothers, Brigham Young Jr. would later become part of
1500-456: The city is provided by two airports. Falcon Field , located in the northeastern part of the area, was established as a training field for British RAF pilots during World War II and was transferred to the city at the end of the war. Falcon Field has 605 aircraft based there. Boeing builds the AH-64 Apache attack helicopter at a facility adjoining Falcon Field. Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport
1550-402: The city was 81.6% White , 2.4% Black or African American , 2.2% Native American , 2.0% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 9.3% from other races , and 1.3% from two or more races. 24.0% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 146,643 households, out of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were married couples living together, 10.6% had
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1600-564: The city, and Wilkes University has moved entirely online. Several area freeways serve the Mesa area, such as U.S. Route 60 , locally known as the Superstition Freeway, which runs between Apache Junction and Phoenix. It is also served by SR 87 and bypass loops Loop 101 , which skirts the western city limits as the Price Freeway, and Loop 202 , which bypasses the city on the north and east. The main east–west arterial road in Mesa
1650-591: The city. In separate studies in 2014 and 2017, researchers determined Mesa to be "America's most conservative city". The history of Mesa dates back at least 2,000 years to the arrival of the Hohokam people. The Hohokam, whose name means "All Used Up" or "The Departed Ones", built the original canal system. The canals were the largest and most sophisticated in the prehistoric New World. Some were up to 90 feet (27 m) wide and 10 feet (3.0 m) deep at their head gates, extending for as far as 16 miles (26 km) across
1700-519: The company provided enough for capital expenditures until the 1960s. During the Great Depression , WPA funds provided paved streets, a new hospital, a new town hall and a library. After the founding of the city, the elected official that most impacted the municipality was George Nicholas Goodman . He was mayor five different times during three different decades (1938–1942, 1946–1948, 1952–1956) (see: List of mayors of Mesa, Arizona ). As mayor, he
1750-509: The desert. By AD 1100, water could be delivered to an area over 110,000 acres (450 km ), transforming the Sonoran Desert into an agricultural oasis. By 1450, the Hohokam had constructed hundreds of miles of canals, many of which are still in use. After the disappearance of the Hohokam and before the arrival of the early settlers, little is known; explorers did not venture into this area. By
1800-680: The largest of the Maricopa Community Colleges , which enrolls over 24,000 full and part-time students, and Chandler–Gilbert Community College . The Polytechnic campus of Arizona State University lies in southeast Mesa. This satellite campus enrolls over 6,000 undergraduate and graduate students in scientific and engineering fields. A. T. Still University operates an Osteopathic Medical School in Mesa . Private for-profit institutions include Arizona College , Carrington College , DeVry University , Pima Medical Institute , and CAE Global Academy Phoenix . Arizona State University opened
1850-474: The late 19th century near present-day Mesa, U.S. Army troops relocated the Apache , opening the way for settlement. In March 1877, Mormon pioneer Daniel Webster Jones and Henry Clay Rogers left St. George , Utah. Jones had been asked by Mormon officials to direct a party of people in establishing a settlement in Arizona. They traveled south and settled on the north side of the present Mesa area. This settlement
1900-463: The north, Chandler and Gilbert on the south along with Queen Creek , and Apache Junction on the east. At least ten colleges and universities are located in Mesa, as is the Mesa Arizona Temple , one of the first LDS temples constructed outside of Utah. The city is home to the largest relief airport in the Phoenix area, Phoenix–Mesa Gateway Airport , located in the southeastern corner of
1950-625: The poverty line, including 10.7% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over. The Mesa City Charter of 1967 established a Council-manager government consisting of a mayor and six Councilmembers who appoint a City Manager, City Clerk, City Attorney, auditor, and magistrates. The City Manager administers and staffs various departments. The council can also appoint citizens to Advisory Boards, Commissions, and Committees. In May 1998 voters approved Proposition 100 which created 6 geographical council districts. Councilmembers are elected to represent these districts for four year terms. The mayor
2000-508: The residents of Jonesville, Arizona, to rename it Lehi . It is today part of Mesa, Arizona . Young practiced plural marriage . His first wife was Catherine Curtis Spencer. Among their children was Brigham Spencer Young, who would later serve as president of the Northwestern States Mission of the church. In 1857, Young married his second wife, Jane Carrington, a daughter of Albert Carrington . Young's wife Abigail Stevens
2050-508: The surrounding canyons. On November 15, 1855, Young married Catherine Curtis Spencer, a daughter of Orson Spencer , with exactly the same name as her mother. In Utah Territory, Young became a member of the reconstituted Nauvoo Legion . He was involved in the rescue of the Willie and Martin companies of Mormon handcart pioneers . He also served in the Utah War with the troops that worked to halt
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2100-404: Was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 42,817, and the median income for a family was $ 49,232. Males had a median income of $ 35,960 versus $ 27,005 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 19,601. About 6.2% of families and 8.9% of the population were below
2150-430: Was directly involved in the process of acquiring land for both Falcon Field and Williams Field . With the opening of Falcon Field and Williams Field in the early 1940s, more military personnel began to move into the Mesa area. With the advent of air conditioning and the rise of tourism, population growth exploded in Mesa as well as the rest of the Phoenix area. Industry—especially early aerospace companies—grew in
2200-435: Was founded in the late 1940s by the original leaders of the town, and "Country Club Drive", the most prominent street in Mesa, was at one point the modest entrance to the club. The abandoned Fiesta Mall is located in West Mesa and owned by Westcor . Its anchors were Sears and Best Buy . It is located near several shopping centers, Mesa's Bank of America , and other retail stores, banks, and restaurants. Though deserted,
2250-526: Was from a conversation as Young was about to return to Utah at the end of his time as mission president that Charles W. Penrose wrote the hymn, "Beautiful Zion For Me". From October 1890 until February 1893 Young served for a second time as president of the European Mission. The mission was headquartered in Liverpool , and Young directly supervised missionary work in the British Isles , while also serving as
2300-507: Was initially known as Fort Utah and later as Jonesville. It was located near Lehi Road. In 1883, it was named Lehi at the suggestion of Brigham Young, Jr. About this same time, another group dubbed the First Mesa Company arrived from Utah and Idaho. Their leaders were Francis Martin Pomeroy, Charles Crismon , George Warren Sirrine and Charles I. Robson. Rather than accepting an invitation to settle at Jones's Lehi settlement, they moved up onto
2350-458: Was one of his younger wives. Their daughter Klara Young Cheney, born in Fruitland, New Mexico , in 1894, turned 100 years old in 1994. Abigail and Brigham Jr.'s last daughter, Marian Young, was also born at Fruitland on January 25, 1899. She died on November 22, 2004, less than two months short of her 106th birthday. She was the last grandchild of Brigham Young to die. Young served several terms in
2400-460: Was registered as a 1-square-mile (2.6 km ) townsite. The first school was built in 1879. In 1883, Mesa City was incorporated with a population of 300 people. Dr. A. J. Chandler, who would later go on to found the city of Chandler , worked on widening the Mesa Canal in 1895 to allow for enough flow to build a power plant. In 1917, the city of Mesa purchased this utility company. The revenues from
2450-466: Was the largest U.S. city with no public transit service on Sundays. The city has Sunday service available on Routes 40-Apache/Main, 45-Broadway, 61-Southern, 96-Dobson, 108-Elliot, 112-Country Club/Arizona, 156-Chandler/Williams Field, and 184-Power. Up until the final years of Southern Pacific passenger railroad service, the Sunset Limited passenger train used to make stops in Mesa. Air service in
2500-592: Was the president of the Quorum. Young was born in Kirtland, Ohio , the son of Brigham Young and Mary Ann Angell . Young's twin sister, Mary, died at age seven from the effects of injuries received at age two in a wagon accident. At age twelve, Young drove an ox cart along the Mormon Trail , reaching Salt Lake City in 1848. Young served as a guard and scout in the following years, operating in Salt Lake Valley and
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