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100-661: Challenging Times was a television quiz show for teams representing higher education institutes in Ireland , both those in the Republic of Ireland and those in Northern Ireland . It was televised by Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ) from 1991 to 2001, sponsored by The Irish Times , and presented by Kevin Myers , then a columnist with that newspaper. The programme used a quizbowl format similar to that of University Challenge in

200-418: A Bloodshot Eye , claimed U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower himself did not want to be disturbed while the show was on and that the nation's crime rate, movie theater, and restaurant patronage dropped dramatically when the show aired. It earned the #1 rating spot for the 1955–56 season, holding the distinction of being the only television show to knock I Love Lucy out of the #1 spot, and finished at #4 in

300-501: A Secret , and To Tell the Truth , panels of celebrities would interview a guest in an effort to determine some fact about them; in others, celebrities would answer questions. Panel games had success in primetime until the late 1960s, when they were collectively dropped from television because of their perceived low budget nature. Panel games made a comeback in American daytime television (where

400-538: A bonus round usually varies from the standard game play of the front game, and there are often borrowed or related elements of the main game in the bonus round to ensure the entire show has a unified premise. Though some end games are referred to as "bonus rounds", many are not specifically referred to as such in games but fit the same general role. There is no one formula for the format of a bonus round. There are differences in almost every bonus round, though there are many recurring elements from show to show. The bonus round

500-465: A certain amount of money or a limit on how many episodes, usually five, on which a player could appear on a show. The introduction of syndicated games, particularly in the 1980s, eventually allowed for more valuable prizes and extended runs on a particular show. British television was under even stricter regulations on prizes until the 1990s, seriously restricting the value of prizes that could be given and disallowing games of chance to have an influence on

600-545: A change in tone under host Steve Harvey to include more ribaldry . In 2009, actress and comedienne Kim Coles became the first black woman to host a prime time game show, Pay It Off . The rise of digital television in the United States opened up a large market for rerun programs. Buzzr was established by Fremantle , owners of numerous classic U.S. game shows, as a broadcast outlet for its archived holdings in June 2015. There

700-453: A clean version of the previously rigged Tic-Tac-Dough in the 1970s. Wheel of Fortune debuted on NBC in 1975. The Prime Time Access Rule , which took effect in 1971, barred networks from broadcasting in the 7–8 p.m. time slot immediately preceding prime time , opening up time slots for syndicated programming. Most of the syndicated programs were "nighttime" adaptations of network daytime game shows. These game shows originally aired once

800-518: A contestant in an October 20, 1957 spoof with Benny asking the questions. As a gag, Benny actually appeared as a contestant on The $ 64,000 Question on October 8, 1957, but insisted on walking away with $ 64 after answering the first question. Hal March finally gave him $ 64 out of his own pocket. At the height of its popularity, The $ 64,000 Question was referenced in the scripts of other CBS shows, usually but not exclusively through punch lines that included references to "the isolation booth" or "reaching

900-452: A deal to sponsor Cowan's brainchild for 13 weeks with the right to withdraw when they expired. The $ 64,000 Question premiered June 7, 1955 on CBS-TV, sponsored by cosmetics maker Revlon and originating from the start live from CBS-TV Studio 52 in New York (later the disco-theater Studio 54 ). To increase the show's drama and suspense, and because radio host Phil Baker had bombed earlier in

1000-400: A final: Quiz show On most game shows, contestants answer questions or solve puzzles, and win prizes such as cash, trips and goods and services . Game shows began to appear on radio and television in the late 1930s. The first television game show, Spelling Bee , as well as the first radio game show, Information Please , were both broadcast in 1938; the first major success in

1100-484: A fixture of US daytime television through the 1960s after the quiz show scandals. Lower-stakes games made a slight comeback in daytime in the early 1960s; examples include Jeopardy! which began in 1964 and the original version of The Match Game first aired in 1962. Let's Make a Deal began in 1963 and the 1960s also marked the debut of Hollywood Squares , Password , The Dating Game , and The Newlywed Game . Though CBS gave up on daytime game shows in 1968,

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1200-443: A fixture. Daytime game shows would be played for lower stakes to target stay-at-home housewives. Higher-stakes programs would air in prime time . (One particular exception in this era was You Bet Your Life , ostensibly a game show, but the game show concept was largely a framework for a talk show moderated by its host, Groucho Marx .) During the late 1950s, high-stakes games such as Twenty-One and The $ 64,000 Question began

1300-401: A game show receives a subsidy from an advertiser in return for awarding that manufacturer's product as a prize or consolation prize . Some products supplied by manufacturers may not be intended to be awarded and are instead just used as part of the gameplay such as the low-priced items used in several The Price is Right pricing games . Although in this show the smaller items (sometimes even in

1400-481: A job for the United States Census Bureau . Producers eventually acknowledged he had been shown questions beforehand but not answers, noting that he already knew the answers beforehand; he was exonerated of wrongdoing. The most prominent victim may have been the man who initially launched the franchise. Louis Cowan, made CBS Television president as a result of Question' s fast success, was forced out of

1500-534: A new Cadillac . Starting with the $ 8,000 question, the contestant was placed in the Revlon " isolation booth ", where they could hear nothing but the host's words. As long as the contestant kept answering correctly, they stayed on the show until they had won $ 64,000. Almost immediately, The $ 64,000 Question beat every other program on Tuesday nights in ratings. Broadcast historian Robert Metz, in CBS: Reflections in

1600-515: A number of original game concepts that appeared near the same time, including Awake , Deal or No Deal (which originally aired in 2005), Child Support , Hollywood Game Night , 1 vs. 100 , Minute to Win It (which originally aired in 2010), The Wall , and a string of music-themed games such as Don't Forget the Lyrics! , The Singing Bee , and Beat Shazam . The popularity of game shows in

1700-492: A previously underdeveloped market for game show reruns. General interest networks such as CBN Cable Network (forerunner to Freeform ) and USA Network had popular blocks for game show reruns from the mid-1980s to the mid-'90s before that niche market was overtaken by Game Show Network in 1994. In the United Kingdom , game shows have had a more steady and permanent place in the television lineup and never lost popularity in

1800-428: A rapid rise in popularity. However, the rise of quiz shows proved to be short-lived. In 1959, many of the higher stakes game shows were exposed as being either biased or outright scripted in the 1950s quiz show scandals and ratings declines led to most of the primetime games being canceled. An early variant of the game show, the panel show , survived the quiz show scandals. On shows like What's My Line? , I've Got

1900-440: A tie-break, but Myers ruled that the quiz had ended before the incorrect answer was given, and thus DCU won 175–170. (The controversial question actually referred to the writer Francis Stuart .) The Universities Act, 1997 substantially altered a number of third-level institutions, so this list unites the results of several colleges with their predecessors. Other institutions that appeared on Challenging Times but did not reach

2000-469: A top prize of $ 64,000 (equivalent to $ 730,000 in 2023), hence the "$ 64,000 Question" in the show's title. The $ 64,000 Challenge (1956–1958) was its spin-off show, where contestants played against winners of at least $ 8,000 on The $ 64,000 Question . The $ 64,000 Question was largely inspired by the earlier CBS and NBC radio program Take It or Leave It , which ran on CBS radio from 1940 to 1947, and then on NBC radio from 1947 to 1952. After 1950,

2100-413: A traditional solo bonus round in 1978, but this version was not a success and the round was replaced by the original Final Jeopardy! when the show returned in 1984. The Price Is Right uses a knockout tournament format, in which the six contestants to make it onstage are narrowed to two in a "Showcase Showdown;" these two winners then move on to the final Showcase round to determine the day's winner. Until

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2200-474: A week, but by the late 1970s and early 1980s most of the games had transitioned to five days a week. Many people were amazed at this and in the late 2000s, gameshows were aired 7 times a week, twice a day. Game shows were the lowest priority of television networks and were rotated out every thirteen weeks if unsuccessful. Most tapes were wiped until the early 1980s. Over the course of the 1980s and early 1990s, as fewer new hits (e.g. Press Your Luck , Sale of

2300-480: A whirlwind of publicity tours, awards, endorsements and meetings with dignitaries. Cobbler Gino Prato, whose category was opera, was brought to Italy for a special performance at la Scala and honored by an audience with the Pope. After winning $ 64,000, spelling whiz Gloria Lockerman, an African American , became a guest speaker at the 1956 Democratic National Convention  ... Eleven-year-old stock market expert Lenny Ross

2400-400: Is often played for the show's top prize. It is almost always played without an opponent; two notable exceptions to this are Jeopardy! and the current version of The Price Is Right . On Jeopardy! , the final round involves all remaining contestants with a positive score wagering strategically to win the game and be invited back the next day; Jeopardy! attempted to replace this round with

2500-678: The Library of Congress contains one kinescoped episode featuring Capt. Richard McCutchen as a contestant, broadcast July 1, 1956. Question contestants sometimes became celebrities themselves for a short while, including 11-year-old Robert Strom (who won $ 192,000, worth $ 2.2 million today) and Teddy Nadler ($ 252,000 across both shows, worth $ 2.9 million today), the two biggest winners in the show's history. Other such newly made celebrities included Italian-born Bronx shoemaker Gino Prato, who won $ 32,000 ($ 363,100 today) for his encyclopedic knowledge of opera . The longest enduring of these newly made celebrities

2600-543: The United Kingdom (Similar to the short-lived Australian version of University Challenge , the only difference is that the starter questions are worth five points, as opposed to ten on University Challenge ), which is itself a licensed version of the College Bowl format popular in the United States . Each year, 16 teams qualified for the televised knockout stages, with two teams of three competing in each programme up to

2700-420: The "Aggravation" category. In Hello, Mom Norton tells Ralph that his mother-in-law's category on the show would be "Nasty". In The Worry Wart , Ralph advises Alice to become a contestant because she's an expert in the "Everything" category. Another episode of The Honeymooners , delivered one of the best known Question references – a parody of the show itself, in one of the so-called "Original 39" episodes of

2800-404: The $ 4,000 level, a contestant returned each week for only one question per week. The contestant could quit at any time and retire with their money, but until they won $ 512, they lost all winnings for answering a question incorrectly. Missing a $ 1,000, $ 2,000, or $ 4,000 question left the contestant with $ 512. If a contestant missed a question after winning $ 4,000 they received a consolation prize of

2900-400: The $ 64,000 Question" (1956), which used the show's theme music by Norman F. Leyden with added Fred Ebb lyrics, was recorded by Hal March (Columbia 40684), Karen Chandler (Decca 29881), Jim Lowe (Dot 15456), and Tony Travis (RCA Victor 47-6476). When the show was revived in 1976 as The $ 128,000 Question , its theme music and cues were performed (albeit with a new disco-style arrangement for

3000-517: The 1956–57 season and #20 in 1957–58. Among its imitators or inspirations were The Big Surprise , Tic-Tac-Dough , and Twenty-One . Not only did Charles Revson not exercise his withdrawal right, but he wanted another way to take advantage of Question' s swollen audience. April 8, 1956 saw the debut of The $ 64,000 Challenge (initially co-sponsored by Revlon and Lorillard Tobacco Company 's Kent cigarettes), hosted through August 26 by future children's television star Sonny Fox and then, for

3100-448: The 1960 Communications Act) coming. Over the course of the early 1960s, the networks wound down their five-figure jackpot game shows; Jackpot Bowling (1959–1961) and Make That Spare (1960–1964), a period on Beat the Clock (1960) when its Bonus Stunt grew in $ 100 increments past the $ 10,000 mark until finally being won for $ 20,100 on September 23, You Bet Your Life (ended 1961) and

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3200-461: The 1960s, most game shows did not offer a bonus round. In traditional two-player formats, the winner – if a game show's rules provided for this – became the champion and simply played a new challenger either on the next show or after the commercial break. One of the earliest forms of bonus rounds was the Jackpot Round of the original series Beat the Clock . After two rounds of performing stunts,

3300-585: The 1990s as they did in the United States, due in part to the fact that game shows were highly regulated by the Independent Broadcasting Authority in the 1980s and that those restrictions were lifted in the 1990s, allowing for higher-stakes games to be played. After the popularity of game shows hit a nadir in the mid-1990s United States (at which point The Price Is Right was the only game show still on daytime network television and numerous game shows designed for cable television were canceled),

3400-401: The 1990s was a major factor in the explosion of high-stakes game shows in the later part of that decade in both the U.S. and Britain and, subsequently, around the world. A bonus round (also known as a bonus game or an end game) usually follows a main game as a bonus to the winner of that game. In the bonus round, the stakes are higher and the game is considered to be tougher. The game play of

3500-459: The British game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? began distribution around the globe. Upon the show's American debut in 1999, it was a hit and became a regular part of ABC's primetime lineup until 2002; that show would eventually air in syndication for seventeen years afterward. Several shorter-lived high-stakes games were attempted around the time of the millennium , both in the United States and

3600-531: The British game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? . Millionaire has a format very similar to The $ 64,000 Question – 15 questions in which the contestant's money roughly doubles with each correct question until reaching the top prize. However, the questions in Millionaire are of a broader variety than Question' s one-category line of questioning and have a different category for each question, all questions are multiple choice , contestants are allowed to leave

3700-548: The Century , and Card Sharks ) were produced, game shows lost their permanent place in the daytime lineup. ABC transitioned out of the daytime game show format in the mid-1980s (briefly returning to the format for one season in 1990 with a Match Game revival). NBC's game block also lasted until 1991, but the network attempted to bring them back in 1993 before cancelling its game show block again in 1994. CBS phased out most of its game shows, except for The Price Is Right , by 1993. To

3800-517: The Fi" (Buck Clayton), "I'm Comin', Virginia" (Eddie Condon), "A Fine Romance" (Dave Brubeck, Paul Desmond), "I Let A Song Go Out of My Heart" (Duke Ellington), and "Ain't Misbehavin'" (Louis Armstrong). Other musical tie-ins included the 1955 song "The $ 64,000 Question (Do You Love Me)", recorded by Bobby Tuggle (Checker 823), Jackie Brooks (Decca 29684), and the Burton Sisters (RCA Victor 47-6265). "Love Is

3900-461: The United Kingdom, such as Winning Lines , The Chair , Greed , Paranoia , and Shafted , leading to some dubbing this period as "The Million-Dollar Game Show Craze". The boom quickly went bust, as by July 2000, almost all of the imitator million-dollar shows were canceled (one of those exceptions was Winning Lines , which continued to air in the United Kingdom until 2004 even though it

4000-528: The United States was closely paralleled around the world. Reg Grundy Organisation , for instance, would buy the international rights for American game shows and reproduce them in other countries, especially in Grundy's native Australia . Dutch producer Endemol ( later purchased by American companies Disney and Apollo Global Management , then resold to French company Banijay ) has created and released numerous game shows and reality television formats popular around

4100-432: The allegation that a Dotto contestant had been given answers in advance. The probe soon included NBC's Twenty-One , and was expected to expand further. In the first week of September, a contestant of Challenge , Rev. Charles Jackson, came forward to say he had been given answers in advance. On September 13, Lorillard Tobacco Company pulled its sponsorship of the show; this made the previous airing on September 7

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4200-399: The benefit of the genre, the moves of Wheel of Fortune and a modernized revival of Jeopardy! to syndication in 1983 and 1984, respectively, was and remains highly successful; the two are, to this day, fixtures in the prime time "access period". During this "access" period, a contestant named Mark Anthony DiBello became and is still known to be the only person to win automobiles on two of

4300-427: The concept eventually became Family Feud , as whose inaugural host Dawson was hired. The $ 64,000 Question The $ 64,000 Question is an American game show broadcast in primetime on CBS-TV from 1955 to 1958, which became embroiled in the 1950s quiz show scandals . Contestants answered general knowledge questions, earning money which doubled as the questions became more difficult. The final question had

4400-418: The decade with his lone television effort Who's Whose , it was decided to use an actor rather than a broadcaster as the host. Television and film actor Hal March , familiar to TV viewers as a supporting regular on The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show and My Friend Irma , found instant fame as the quiz show's host, and Lynn Dollar stood nearby as his assistant. Author and TV panelist Dr. Bergen Evans

4500-493: The discontinuation of The Price Is Right $ 1,000,000 Spectacular series of prime-time specials. In April 2008, three of the contestants on The Price Is Right $ 1,000,000 Spectacular won the top prize in a five-episode span after fifteen episodes without a winner, due in large part to a change in the rules. The insurance companies had made it extremely difficult to get further insurance for the remaining episodes. A network or syndicator may also opt to distribute large cash prizes in

4600-535: The elimination rounds. After 1975, the game had the following rounds: Although the show was cancelled due to low viewership, the cancellation was controversial because of how highly regarded it was by many people, especially those who were still watching it, and because some games that were planned or already in progress were not completed. There were plans to revive the show in 2016 as Większa gra ("The Greater Game") in an altered format, but eventually those plans were cancelled. The Swedish version of this quiz

4700-542: The end of November 1956 ($ 11.2 million today). The American Experience (PBS) episode probing the scandal noted: All the big winners became instant celebrities and household names. For the first time, America's heroes were intellectuals or experts–jockey Billy Pearson on art, Marine Captain McCutchen on cooking–every subject from the Bible to baseball. Not only had the contestants become rich overnight, but they were also treated to

4800-419: The fictitious $ 99,000 Answer was one Herb Norris, played by former Twenty Questions emcee and future Tic-Tac-Dough host Jay Jackson . The show has been referenced on other game shows. On the U.S. version of Deal or No Deal , an episode aired January 15, 2007, in which the banker's offer was $ 64,000. Host Howie Mandel said, "This is the $ 64,000 question". In many money trees of most variations of

4900-466: The final. Filming locations included RTÉ 's Studio 1, the lecture theatre of St. Vincent's University Hospital and University College Dublin 's O'Reilly Hall. The programme was cancelled after the 2001 series, at a time when RTÉ was in financial difficulties. The final of that series was postponed at short notice and an episode of The Simpsons was broadcast instead. Kevin Myers later complained that RTÉ had given The Irish Times no notice that

5000-426: The first plateau". Typical of these was spoken by The Honeymooners ' Ed Norton ( Art Carney ), who identified three times in a man's life when he wants to be alone, with the third being "when he's in the isolation booth of The $ 64,000 Question ". At least three other Honeymooners episodes referenced Question : In A Woman's Work Is Never Done Ralph proposes to Alice that he go on the show because he's an expert in

5100-406: The form of an annuity , spreading the cost of the prize out over several years or decades. From about 1960 through the rest of the 20th century, American networks placed restrictions on the amount of money that could be given away on a game show, in an effort to avoid a repeat of the scandals of the 1950s. This usually took the form of an earnings cap that forced a player to retire once they had won

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5200-408: The game show format in its rural purge . The Match Game became "Big Money" Match Game 73 , which proved popular enough to prompt a spin-off, Family Feud , on ABC in 1976. The $ 10,000 Pyramid and its numerous higher-stakes derivatives also debuted in 1973, while the 1970s also saw the return of formerly disgraced producer and game show host Jack Barry , who debuted The Joker's Wild and

5300-441: The game show genre was Dr. I.Q. , a radio quiz show that began in 1939. Truth or Consequences was the first game show to air on commercially licensed television; CBS Television Quiz followed shortly thereafter as the first to be regularly scheduled. The first episode of each aired in 1941 as an experimental broadcast. Over the course of the 1950s, as television began to pervade the popular culture, game shows quickly became

5400-582: The game with their money after a question is revealed but before it is answered, and Millionaire offers three chances for help (called "lifelines"), which were not present in Question . In 2000, responding to the success of Millionaire , CBS bought the rights to the property in a reported effort to produce another revival attempt, The $ 64,000 Question (with a top prize of $ 1,024,000), to be hosted by sportscaster Greg Gumbel . Because of format issues similar to those encountered by Davies for ABC , this version

5500-409: The impetus for a completely new game show. The first part of Match Game ' s "Super-Match" bonus round, called the "Audience Match", asked contestants to guess how a studio audience responded to a question. In 1975, with then regular panelist Richard Dawson becoming restless and progressively less cooperative, Goodson decided that this line of questioning would make a good game show of its own, and

5600-502: The inspiration for the name from Take It or Leave It , and its $ 64 top prize offering. He decided to expand the figure to $ 64,000 for the new television program. Finally, Cowan convinced Revlon . The key: Revlon founder and chieftain Charles Revson knew top competitor Hazel Bishop had fattened its sales through sponsoring the popular This Is Your Life , and he wanted a piece of that action if he could have it. Revlon first signed

5700-464: The last for Challenge . The $ 64,000 Challenge was replaced on CBS with "a special news program" on September 14. The $ 64,000 Question , which had not yet begun airing for the new season, assumed Challenge 's Sunday time slot on September 21. After the federal probe of quiz shows surfaced, quiz shows suffered badly in the Fall 1958 Nielsen ratings. In late October, strong rumors had surfaced that Question

5800-460: The late 20th century, as the isolation booth was abandoned and a large turntable was added in the center of the studio floor, displaying the prize amount for each round, upon which the envelopes containing the questions were placed. The categories became more specific (e.g., Mozart—life and compositions, Muslim conquests in the 7th–8th centuries), were limited to art, history (most categories), geography, and zoology, and were now chosen by players during

5900-633: The long-running Definition ). Unlike reality television franchises, international game show franchises generally only see Canadian adaptations in a series of specials, based heavily on the American versions but usually with a Canadian host to allow for Canadian content credits (one of those exceptions was Le Banquier , a Quebec French-language version of Deal or No Deal which aired on TVA from 2008 to 2015). The smaller markets and lower revenue opportunities for Canadian shows in general also affect game shows there, with Canadian games (especially Quebecois ones) often having very low budgets for prizes, unless

6000-507: The lower budgets were tolerated) in the 1970s through comedy-driven shows such as Match Game and Hollywood Squares . In the UK, commercial demographic pressures were not as prominent, and restrictions on game shows made in the wake of the scandals limited the style of games that could be played and the amount of money that could be awarded. Panel shows there were kept in primetime and have continued to thrive; they have transformed into showcases for

6100-458: The mid-2010s. In 2016, ABC packaged the existing Celebrity Family Feud , which had returned in 2015, with new versions of To Tell the Truth , The $ 100,000 Pyramid , and Match Game in 2016; new versions of Press Your Luck and Card Sharks would follow in 2019. TBS launched a cannabis -themed revival of The Joker's Wild , hosted by Snoop Dogg , in October 2017. This is in addition to

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6200-424: The more lavish prize offerings on The Nighttime Price Is Right (1957–1964) were the few remaining shows offering large prizes. Only one traditional big-money quiz show, the short-lived ABC quiz 100 Grand (1963), was attempted in the subsequent years; the networks stayed away from awarding five-figure cash jackpots until the premiere of The $ 10,000 Pyramid and Match Game 73 in 1973. The disappearance of

6300-410: The most popular game shows The Wheel of Fortune and The Price is Right , hosted by the longest-tenured American game show hosts, Pat Sajak and Bob Barker , respectively. Cable television also allowed for the debut of game shows such as Supermarket Sweep and Debt (Lifetime), Trivial Pursuit and Family Challenge (Family Channel), and Double Dare (Nickelodeon). It also opened up

6400-502: The most successful game show contestants in America would likely never be cast in a British or Australian game show for fear of having them dominate the game, according to Mark Labbett , who appeared in all three countries on the game show The Chase . The Japanese game show is a distinct format, borrowing heavily from variety formats, physical stunts and athletic competitions. The Japanese style has been adapted overseas (and at one point

6500-485: The nation's top stand-up comedians on shows such as Have I Got News for You , Would I Lie to You? , Mock the Week , QI , and 8 Out of 10 Cats , all of which put a heavy emphasis on comedy, leaving the points as mere formalities. The focus on quick-witted comedians has resulted in strong ratings, which, combined with low costs of production, have only spurred growth in the UK panel show phenomenon. Game shows remained

6600-562: The network as the quiz scandal ramped up, even though it was NBC 's quiz shows bearing most of the brunt of the scandal – and even though CBS itself, with a little help from sponsor Colgate-Palmolive , had moved fast in cancelling the popular Dotto at almost the moment it was confirmed that that show had been rigged. Cowan had never been suspected of taking part in any attempt to rig either Question or Challenge ; later CBS historians suggested his reputation as an administrative bottleneck may have had as much to do with his firing as his tie to

6700-770: The original Question in Summer 1976, as a run-up to a new version of the show called The $ 128,000 Question , which ran for two years. The first season was hosted by Mike Darrow and produced at the Ed Sullivan Theater in New York City, while the second was produced at Global Television Network in Toronto, Ontario , Canada and hosted by Alex Trebek . In 1999, television producer Michael Davies attempted to revive Question as The $ 640,000 Question for ABC , before abandoning that project in favor of producing an American version of

6800-401: The other networks did not follow suit. Color television was introduced to the game show genre in the late 1960s on all three networks. The 1970s saw a renaissance of the game show as new games and massive upgrades to existing games made debuts on the major networks. The New Price Is Right , an update of the 1950s-era game show The Price Is Right , debuted in 1972 and marked CBS's return to

6900-587: The people directly involved in rigging any of the quiz shows faced any penalty more severe than suspended sentences for perjury before the federal grand jury that probed the scandal, even if many hosts and producers found themselves frozen out of television for many years. One Question contestant, Doll Goostree, sued both CBS and the producers in a bid to recoup $ 4,000 she said she might have won if her match of Question had not been rigged. Neither Goostree nor any other quiz contestant who similarly sued won their cases. Selected PBS outlets showed surviving kinescopes of

7000-531: The prime-time quiz shows, Jeopardy! doubled its question values in 2001 and lifted its winnings limit in 2003, which one year later allowed Ken Jennings to become the show's first multi-million dollar winner; it has also increased the stakes of its tournaments and put a larger focus on contestants with strong personalities. The show has since produced four more millionaires: tournament winner Brad Rutter and recent champions James Holzhauer , Matt Amodio , and Amy Schneider . Family Feud revived in popularity with

7100-415: The quiz shows gave rise to television's next big phenomenon– Westerns . The scandals also resulted in a shift of the balance of power between networks and sponsors. The networks used the scandals to justify taking control of their programs away from sponsors, thereby eliminating any potential future manipulation in prime-time broadcasting, and giving the networks full autonomy over program content. None of

7200-469: The radio show was renamed The $ 64 Question . The format of the show remained largely the same through its 12-year run; a contestant was asked a series of progressively more difficult questions which began at $ 1 and ended at a top prize of $ 64. The $ 64,000 Question was created by Louis G. Cowan , formerly known for radio's Quiz Kids and the television series Stop the Music and Down You Go . Cowan drew

7300-432: The remainder of the show's life, Ralph Story . It pitted contestants against winners of at least $ 8,000 on The $ 64,000 Question in a new, continuing game where they could win another $ 64,000. The contestants took turns answering questions from the same category starting at the $ 1,000 level. If they each answered a question correctly, they advanced to the $ 2,000 level. Starting at the $ 4,000 level, both contestants answered

7400-491: The results of the game. (Thus, the British version of The Price Is Right at first did not include the American version's "Showcase Showdown", in which contestants spun a large wheel to determine who would advance to the Showcase bonus round.) In Canada, prizes were limited not by bureaucracy but necessity, as the much smaller population limited the audience of shows marketed toward that country. The lifting of these restrictions in

7500-533: The same question while each standing in their own isolation booth. If, at any given level, a contestant answered correctly with the other contestant missing a question, the winning contestant either kept the money and faced a new player, or continued playing against the same opponent at the next money level. In time, the sister show came to include various celebrities, including bandleader Xavier Cugat and child star Patty Duke , as well as former Question champions. The J. Fred & Leslie W. MacDonald Collection of

7600-483: The series is made for export. Canadian contestants are generally allowed to participate on American game shows, and there have been at least three Canadian game show hosts – Howie Mandel , Monty Hall and Alex Trebek – who have gone on to long careers hosting American series, while Jim Perry , an American host, was prominent as a host of Canadian shows. American game shows have a tendency to hire stronger contestants than their British or Australian counterparts. Many of

7700-453: The series was being discontinued, though RTÉ disputed this contention. The 1997 final was notable for its controversial ending. DCU led 175 to UL's 170. Myers began to ask the final question: "He was born in Australia in 1902, of Irish parents..." The DCU captain buzzed in and answered " Ned Kelly " as the buzzer sounded to mark the end. An incorrect answer would mean a five-point penalty and

7800-451: The show became The $ 7000 Question . It was hosted by Malcolm Searle (1960–1963) and Roland Strong (1963–1971). A Danish version of the show called Kvit eller dobbelt  [ da ] was made in Denmark . The show originally aired from 1957 to 1959, with a top prize of 10,000 Danish kroner . It was revived in 1984, then again in 1990 and again in 1999. The latest revival in 2013

7900-408: The single digits of dollars) are awarded as well when the price is correctly guessed, even when a contestant loses the major prize they were playing for. For high-stakes games, a network may purchase prize indemnity insurance to avoid paying the cost of a rare but expensive prize out of pocket. If the said prize is won too often, the insurance company may refuse to insure a show; this was a factor in

8000-451: The tainted shows. Cowan may have been a textbook sacrificial lamb, in a bid to preempt any further scandal while the network scrambled to recover, and while president Frank Stanton accepted complete responsibility for any wrongdoing committed under his watch. By the end of 1959, all first generation big-money quizzes were gone, with single-sponsorship television following and a federal law against fixing television game shows (an amendment to

8100-535: The team who won the most money answering one final question for a jackpot which started at $ 1,000 and increased $ 500 each week until won. Another early example was the Lightning Round on the word game Password , starting in 1961. The contestant who won the front game played a quick-fire series of passwords within 60 seconds, netting $ 50 per correctly guessed word, for a maximum bonus prize of $ 250. The bonus round came about after game show producer Mark Goodson

8200-416: The television series Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? , the amount of $ 64,000 is often included as the prize money awarded for correctly answering the 11th question. In mid-August 1958, while both Question and Challenge had already been announced as part of CBS's fall lineup , the network's quiz show Dotto was cancelled without explanation. A federal investigation was launched by the end of August on

8300-671: The theme) by Charles Randolph Grean , who released a three-and-a-half-minute single, "The $ 128,000 Question" (the show's music and cues as an instrumental), with the B-side ("Sentimentale") on the Ranwood label (45rpm release R-1064). For the show's second season, Grean's music package was re-recorded by Guido Basso. There were numerous parodies of the program, including in the Foghorn Leghorn cartoon " Fox-Terror ", Bob and Ray 's The 64-Cent Question . The Jack Benny Program featured Hal March as

8400-514: The timeless situation comedy. In that episode, blustery bus driver Ralph Kramden becomes a contestant on the fictitious $ 99,000 Answer . Regarded as one of the Golden Age of Television 's best quiz show parodies, the Honeymooners episode depicted Kramden spending a week intensively studying popular songs, only to blow the first question on the subject when he returned to play on the show. The host of

8500-422: The wife of the contestant couple would perform at a jackpot board for a prize. The contestant was shown a famous quotation or common phrase, and the words were scrambled. To win the announced bonus, the contestant had to unscramble the words within 20 seconds. The contestant received a consolation gift worth over $ 200 if she was unsuccessful. Another early bonus round ended each episode of You Bet Your Life with

8600-573: The world. Most game show formats that are popular in one country are franchised to others. Game shows have had an inconsistent place in television in Canada , with most homegrown game shows there being made for the French-speaking Quebec market and the majority of English-language game shows in the country being rebroadcast from, or made with the express intent of export to, the United States. There have been exceptions to this (see, for instance,

8700-449: Was Kvitt eller dubbelt (1957–1994). There were three derived versions in the UK: earlier, The 64,000 Question , The $ 64,000 Challenge (both with no dollar sign), and later, The $ 64,000 Question . The phrase the $ 64,000 question is an idiom and is routinely used as a way of saying the most important question . It is derived from the fact that the ultimate question on the show

8800-407: Was a large part of the set, it was seen only briefly, evidently to conceal the fact that categories were sometimes hastily added to match a new contestant's subject. The contestant was then asked questions only in the chosen category, earning money which doubled ($ 64, $ 128, $ 256, $ 512; then $ 1,000, $ 2,000, $ 4,000, $ 8,000, $ 16,000, $ 32,000, and finally $ 64,000) as the questions became more difficult. At

8900-409: Was aimed at kids and also included kids as participants. The Italian version of this quiz was Lascia o raddoppia? (1955–1959). The prize money doubled from 2,560,000 lire to 5,120,000 lire. The Mexican version, El Gran Premio de los 64,000 pesos , lasted from 1956 to 1994 with some interruptions, changes of name to compensate peso devaluation, and changes of TV network. Most of the time it

9000-754: Was also a rise of live game shows at festivals and public venues, where the general audience could participate in the show, such as the science-inspired Geek Out Game Show or the Yuck Show . Since the early 2000s, several game shows were conducted in a tournament format; examples included History IQ , Grand Slam , PokerFace (which never aired in North America), Duel , The Million Second Quiz , 500 Questions , The American Bible Challenge , and Mental Samurai . Most game shows conducted in this manner only lasted for one season. A boom in prime time revivals of classic daytime game shows began to emerge in

9100-617: Was asked to open up the New York Stock Exchange. One category on the Revlon Category Board was "Jazz", and within months of the premiere Columbia Records issued a 1955 album of various jazz artists under the tie-in title $ 64,000 Jazz (CL 777, also EP B-777), with the following tracks: "The Shrike" (Pete Rugolo), "Perdido" (J.J. Johnson, Kai Winding), "Laura" (Erroll Garner), " Honeysuckle Rose " (Benny Goodman), "Tawny" (Woody Herman), "One O'Clock Jump" (Harry James), "How Hi

9200-418: Was assigned to oversee production, including heavy discussions of feedback the show received. According to Question producer Joe Cates, an IBM sorting machine was used to present lower dollar value questions, to give the illusion that the questions were randomly selected – in fact, all of the cards were identical. Nadler's victory was called into question when he failed a civil service exam in 1960 applying

9300-522: Was canceled in the United States in early 2000); these higher stakes contests nevertheless opened the door to reality television contests such as Survivor and Big Brother , in which contestants win large sums of money for outlasting their peers in a given environment. Several game shows returned to daytime in syndication during this time as well, such as Family Feud , Hollywood Squares , and Millionaire . Wheel of Fortune , Jeopardy! and Family Feud have continued in syndication. To keep pace with

9400-517: Was first presented Password , contending that it was not enough to merely guess passwords during the show. "We needed something more, and that's how the Lightning Round was invited," said Howard Felsher , who produced Password and Family Feud . "From that point on every game show had to have an end round. You'd bring a show to a network and they'd say, 'What's the endgame?' as if they had thought of it themselves." The end game of Match Game , hosted for most of its run by Gene Rayburn , served as

9500-479: Was hosted by Pedro Ferriz. A movie was made in which Ferriz asks questions to a character played by Sara García, known then as "Mexican Cinema's Granny". The Polish version of this quiz was Wielka gra ("The Great Game", 1962–2006). Initially the rules and the studio set-up matched the original's, but in 1975 both were changed by Wojciech Pijanowski, creator, producer, writer, and/or host of many quiz shows in Poland in

9600-402: Was never broadcast. A similar version of The $ 64,000 Question was successful in Australia from 1960 to 1971 on Seven Network . Initially called Coles £3000 Question , the show changed its name to Coles $ 6000 Question on February 14, 1966 (the date Australia converted to decimal currency) and was sponsored for most of its run by Coles Stores . In July 1971, Coles dropped its sponsorship and

9700-432: Was parodied with an American reality competition, I Survived a Japanese Game Show , which used a fake Japanese game show as its central conceit). Many of the prizes awarded on game shows are provided through product placement , but in some cases they are provided by private organizations or purchased at either the full price or at a discount by the show. There is the widespread use of "promotional consideration", in which

9800-430: Was psychologist Joyce Brothers . Answering questions about boxing , she became, after McCutchen, the second top winner, and went on to a career providing psychological advice in newspaper columns and TV shows for the next four decades. Another winner, Pennsylvania typist Catherine Kreitzer, read Shakespeare on The Ed Sullivan Show . TV Guide kept a running tally of the money won on the show, which hit $ 1 million by

9900-465: Was slated for movement to a less desirable time slot, or cancellation. Cancellation was made official after Question 's November 2 airing. The game show ceased operations for good on November 21, 1958. The $ 64,000 Question was closely monitored by its sponsor's CEO, Revlon 's Charles Revson , who often interfered with production, especially attempting to bump contestants he himself disliked, regardless of audience reaction. Revson's brother, Martin,

10000-468: Was the show's expert authority, and actress Wendy Barrie did the "Living Lipstick" commercials. To capitalize on the initial television success, the show was also simulcast for two months on CBS Radio where it was heard from October 4, 1955, to November 29, 1955. Contestants first chose a subject category (such as "Boxing", "Lincoln", "Jazz" or "Football") from the Category Board. Although this board

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