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29-526: It is also the same venue, which held the second inauguration of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo in 2004. Planning for the capitol, which was to replace the old Casa Provincial in the city's Spanish quarter, actually started in 1910, in the day of the inauguration of Osmeña Waterworks. Sergio Osmeña , then Speaker of the Philippine Assembly , took Governor-General William Cameron Forbes to an exhibition baseball match, after which they inspected

58-434: A bond approved by President Manuel L. Quezon and through public subscription. Vicente Sotto once criticized the construction of the building as a waste of public funds, and vowed to convert it to a hospital in one of his speeches. Additionally, Quezon was initially skeptical of the project because of the opposition from allies, but he supported and approved its construction. The building was finally completed in 1938 during

87-632: A past president would imply that Macario Sakay and Miguel Malvar y Carpio should also be included. Miguel Malvar y Carpio continued Emilio Aguinaldo 's leadership of the First Philippine Republic after the latter's capture until his own capture in 1902. Macario Sakay revived the Tagalog Republic in 1902 as a continuation of Bonifacio's Katipunan. They are both considered by some scholars as "unofficial presidents". Along with Bonifacio, Malvar and Sakay are not recognized as presidents by

116-425: A rectangular, elevated cour d'honneur that serves as an entrance podium. The elevation of the corps de logis is of typical neoclassical formula: a rusticated ground floor, containing minor rooms and offices, the piano nobile above, with the most important spaces, and finally the attic story. A heavy cornice and parapet caps the façade, with allegorical statues standing by its corners. The most distinctive part of

145-492: Is dramatically positioned at the end of a grand perspective of a new avenue (Osmeña Boulevard) as conceived by William E. Parsons in his 1912 plan of Cebu, in the lines of the City Beautiful Movement . The building follows an H-shaped plan, one side opening to the terminus of Osmeña Boulevard. The main block or corps de logis , three stories high, is flanked by two secondary wings, symmetrically advancing to embrace

174-768: The art deco style. In 2008, it was declared as National Historical Landmark by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines . Second inauguration of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo 14th President of the Philippines Policies First term Second term Senator of the Philippines Vice President of the Philippines Post-Presidency The second inauguration of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo as

203-523: The Fifth Republic . Of the individuals elected as president, three died in office: two of natural causes (Manuel L. Quezon and Manuel Roxas ) and one in a plane crash ( Ramon Magsaysay , 1953–57 ). The longest-serving president is Ferdinand Marcos with 20 years and 57 days in office; he is the only president to have served more than two terms. The shortest is Sergio Osmeña, who spent 1 year and 300 days in office. Two women have held

232-650: The Shangri-La Mactan Hotel for a vin d'honneur . She then proceeded to the Cebu Metropolitan Cathedral for a mass celebrated by Cardinal-Archbishop Ricardo Vidal . List of presidents of the Philippines Under the Constitution of the Philippines , the president of the Philippines ( Filipino : Pangulo ng Pilipinas ) is both the head of state and government , and serves as

261-466: The commander-in-chief of the country's armed forces . The president is directly elected by qualified voters to a six-year term and must be "a natural-born citizen of the Philippines, a registered voter, able to read and write, at least forty years of age on the day of the election , and a resident of the Philippines for at least ten years immediately preceding such election". No elected president can seek re-election. Upon resignation, or removal from

290-587: The fourteenth president of the Philippines took place on Wednesday, June 30, 2004 at the Cebu Provincial Capitol in Cebu City . The inauguration marked the commencement of the second term (and full six-year term) of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo as president and the only six-year term of Noli de Castro as Vice President . The oath of office was administered by Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of

319-533: The Cebu Provincial Capitol and started with the singing of the Philippine National Anthem by Nora Aunor followed by an ecumenical prayer. After which, Vice President-elect Noli de Castro was sworn in a few minutes prior to Arroyo to secure the constitutional line of succession. At exactly 12:00 noon, Chief Justice Davide administered the oath of office to Arroyo. The president proceeded to

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348-649: The Constitution when Joseph Estrada stepped down. Her succession to the presidency is to finish the unexpired term of Estrada. Her inauguration took place in Cebu, marking it the first inauguration to be held outside Luzon. Cebu became the place of inaugural as a gesture of gratitude to the people of the Province of Cebu where she garnering the highest number of votes in the 2004 Presidential elections. At around 7:45 AM ( PHT or 2345 UTC), President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo arrived at

377-641: The Philippine government. Emilio Aguinaldo is officially recognized as the first president of the Philippines, but this is based on his term of office during the Malolos Republic , later known as the First Philippine Republic. Prior to this Aguinaldo had held the presidency of several revolutionary governments which are not counted in the succession of Philippine republics. Manuel L. Quezon delegated his presidential duties to José Abad Santos ,

406-707: The Philippines Hilario Davide, Jr. Before that, Arroyo delivered her inaugural speech at the Quirino Grandstand in Manila . The inauguration formally ended the Presidential transition of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo that began when Arroyo won the 2004 Philippine presidential election. Arroyo took her first oath of office at EDSA Shrine following the Second People Power Revolution as mandated by

435-605: The Philippines abolished the First Republic, which led to an American governor-general exercising executive power. In 1935, the United States , pursuant to its promise of full Philippine sovereignty , established the Commonwealth of the Philippines following the ratification of the 1935 Constitution , which also restored the presidency. The first national presidential election was held, and Manuel L. Quezon (1935–44)

464-503: The Philippines in 1942 during World War   II . José P. Laurel acted as puppet president of the new Japanese-sponsored government; his de facto presidency, not legally recognized until the 1960s, overlapped with that of the president of the Commonwealth, which went into exile . The Second Republic was dissolved after Japan surrendered to the Allies in 1945; the Commonwealth

493-468: The Quirino Grandstand and it started with the singing of the Philippine National Anthem by Sarah Geronimo followed by an ecumenical prayer. Then Executive Secretary Alberto Romulo introduced Arroyo, who delivered her speech that lasted for 20 minutes. After that, the inaugural theme, "Pilipinas, Tayo Na" was interpreted by Mark Bautista and Jolina Magdangal . Before noon, Arroyo arrived at

522-429: The ballroom (social hall). Two stories high with full-length windows, the ballroom, also in art deco style, is reminiscent of a fairytale setting. Two enormous chandeliers fashioned in crystal and local capiz shells ( placuna placenta ) light the grand space. The building's architectural style is neoclassical in spirit, but in its severe simplification foreshadows the changing architectural language of Arellano towards

551-401: The façade is the central concave pavilion, which creates the semi-circular main balcony and pulls together the entire mass, finally crowned by an austere dome upon an octagonal drum. The piano nobile is reached by two staircases from the ground floor foyer. The first space, the art deco rotunda below the cupola, opens to the south the main balcony that faces Osmeña Boulevard, and to its north

580-400: The future site of the building near Fuente Osmeña. In the book about his father E. J. Hanselma: Colonial Engineer , James Hanselma narrates the event: Construction commenced in 1937 under the supervision of the architecture firm of Pedro Siochi and Company . It took place also during the administration of Cebu Governor Sotero Cabahug who was its principal champion. It was financed through

609-574: The last of which was Ferdinand Marcos (1965–86), who performed a self-coup by imposing martial law in 1972. The dictatorship of Marcos saw the birth of the New Society ( Filipino : Bagong Lipunan ) and the Fourth Republic . His tenure lasted until 1986 when he was deposed in the People Power Revolution . The current constitution came into effect in 1987, marking the beginning of

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638-591: The office, the vice president assumes the post . A president's successor who hasn't served for more than four years can still seek a full term for the presidency. Emilio Aguinaldo became the inaugural president of the Philippines under the Malolos Republic, considered the First Philippine Republic . He held that office until 1901 when he was captured by United States forces during the Philippine–American War (1899–1902). The American colonization of

667-401: The office: Corazon Aquino (1986–92), who ascended to the presidency upon the successful People Power Revolution of 1986, and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2001–10), who, as vice president, ascended to the presidency upon Estrada's resignation and was elected to a full six-year term in 2004. Andrés Bonifacio is considered by some historians to be the first president of the Philippines. He

696-465: The term Katipunan remained, Bonifacio's government was also known as the Tagalog Republic (Tagalog: Republika ng Katagalugan ; Spanish: Republica Tagala ). (Although the word Tagalog refers to a specific ethnicity, Bonifacio used it to denote all indigenous people in the Philippines in place of Filipino which had colonial origins.) Some historians contend that including Bonifacio as

725-562: The term of Governor Buenaventura Rodriguez , the inauguration ceremony taking place during June 14, 1938, led by President Manuel L. Quezon, with Cebu Archbishop Gabriel Reyes blessing the new building, and the wife of Governor Rodriguez breaking the champagne bottle at the main balcony. The Capitol was badly damaged in World War II but eventually rehabilitated through the Tydings War Damage Act of 1946. The Cebu Provincial Capitol

754-518: The then Chief Justice, when the former fled the Philippines amidst Japanese occupation of the islands to establish a government-in-exile . He is believed to have in effect become the acting president of the Philippine Commonwealth though no legal document has been retrieved detailing the official transfer of the title of President to Abad Santos. 3 other former vice presidents ( S. Laurel , Binay , and Robredo ) all made failed runs for

783-506: Was elected to a six-year term, with no provision for re-election, as the second Philippine president and the first Commonwealth president. In 1940, however, the Constitution was amended to allow re-election but shortened the term to four years. A change in government occurred three years later when the Second Philippine Republic was organized with the enactment of the 1943 Constitution , which Japan imposed after it occupied

812-413: Was restored in the Philippines in the same year with Sergio Osmeña (1944–46) as president. Manuel Roxas (1946–1948) followed Osmeña when he won the first post-war election in 1946. He became the first president of the independent Philippines when the Commonwealth ended on July   4 of that year. The Third Republic was ushered in and would cover the administrations of the next five presidents,

841-660: Was the third Supreme President (Spanish: Presidente Supremo ; Tagalog : Kataastaasang Pangulo ) of the Katipunan secret society. Its Supreme Council, led by the Supreme President, coordinated provincial and district councils. When the Katipunan went into open revolt in August 1896 (the Cry of Balintawak ), Bonifacio transformed it into a revolutionary government with him as president. While

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