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40-539: The progenitor of the Ayr clan had 2 sons, Mu'le(Mucle) Mohamed and Wa'e(Wace) Mohamed but is divided into 10 sub-clans also known as diya groups. The clan undertakes the traditional rural lifestyle of the nomadic Somali culture of herding camel and other livestock. However, they are also urban today and have exclusive urban towns in Somalia such as; Guriel which is considered the business district of Galmudug regional state , Dusmareb

80-460: A child with her. His wife informed him that she would only be able to have children if he married HabarAji, the helper girl. Following the advice, Abti-Idig wed Habaraji. Not long after, Habaraji and his first wife both became simultaneously pregnant and gave birth to children. Both women went into labour at almost the same moment. Abti-Idig decided to divide his wives based on the places where they would give birth after realising that his first wife

120-607: A disease outbreak killed 40 people in Ceel-Cali, Hiran. In March 2014, Hiran's executive government asked foreign charities for help, saying that healthcare was in crisis after the withdrawal of a Swiss hospital last year. In October 2014, the AMISOM base in Hiran was attacked. In May 2015, at a meeting in Beledweyne, a proposal was made to divide Hiran into two regions. In December 2015,

160-563: A result, has many livestock that graze throughout that corridor. The land also hosts the clan's urban towns and cities, such as Guriceel and Dhusamareb . During the medieval period, the Ayr clan, though relatively young and modest in size, was part of the Ajuran Sultanate . The Ajuran Sultanate was a formidable Muslim Somali empire that ruled over the Hawiye clan, which the Ajuran is part of, and

200-447: Is distributed all over the Somali peninsula but is found primarily in 7 regions out of the Somali nations total 18 regions. The Ayr clan is primarily settled in the region of; Galgaduud which is their heartland and the region they dominate, as well as Mudug , Hiiraan , Sool , Lower Shabelle , Togdheer and the capital region of the nation Banaadir . Historically they only inhabited

240-543: Is divided into 10 major subgroups that are similar in size and ability to pay diya. They are: Guriel Guriel ( Somali : Guriceel , Arabic : جرعيل , جوري عيل ) is the second largest city in the central Galguduud region of Somalia located in Galmudug state. The city serves as the capital of the Guriel District . This city has been in conflict since the fall of the former Somali government in 1991. In 2006,

280-461: Is said by the elders of the clan that Ugaas Kooshin's right to leadership was known generations before his birth as his ancestor Abti-edge had willed that the leadership of the Ayr clan comes from his son Dhowrakace Abti-idig (See the clan tree section). A few generations later Ugaas Caalin Caroole was born with a bright mark on his hand and he was made the first Ugaas of the clan despite not ruling all

320-574: The Halgan District of Hiran and were replaced by al-Shabaab. The withdrawal of Ethiopian troops is reportedly related to a state of emergency declaration issued in response to anti-government protests in Ethiopia. In December 2016, Governor Hiran destroyed more than 50 charcoal burning facilities in Mataban District to prevent illegal logging and arrested more than 20 people. In November 2017,

360-600: The Hirshabelle State . Hiran is bordered by the Somali Region of Ethiopia (or the 1908 Convention Line ) to the northwest, the Somali provinces of Galgudud to the northeast, Middle Shebelle (Shabeellaha Dhexe) to the south, Lower Shebelle (Shabellaha Hoose) to the southwest, and Bay and Bakool to the west. It is approximately 31,510 km . The Shebelle River flows into Hiran from Ethiopia , coursing through

400-542: The Islamic Courts Union (ICU), a militant Islamic organization, took control of most of central Somalia. Transitional Federal Government of Somalia , supported by Ethiopia, defeated the ICU in late 2006. In 2007, Al-Shabaab , another Islamic extremist group born in southern Somalia, attacked Guriel, but the local paramilitary group Ahlu Sunna Waljama'a (ASWJ), born in response, took control of Guriel in 2010. However,

440-503: The Maxaas of Hiran, reconciled. However, the agreement was violated and the conflict resumed, so a peace conference was held again in October 2007. In November 2007, militants attacked government forces near Beledweyne in Hiran. In January 2008, militants attacked an Ethiopian military base near Beledweyne. In September 2010, the establishment of a local government called Dooxada Shabeelle

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480-487: The Ayr during his leadership. The first true Ugaas who led all the Ayr was Ugaas Kooshin Ugaas Caalin. The current Ugaas of the clan is Ugaas Hassan Ugaas Mohamed Ugaas Nuur. The Ayr clan has produced 1 president, Abdiqasim Salad Hassan , out of 9 presidents Somalia has had. They have played an important role in national politics since the 1960s, producing various ministers and high-ranking military officials, but more so in

520-564: The Dhowrakace section of the Ayr. Subsequently, he relinquished his title to his eldest son, Ugaas Kooshin, who marked the dawn of comprehensive leadership over the entire Ayr community. Ugaas Koshin Ugaas Caalin undertook the formidable task of unifying all Ayr sub-clans under his rule. While the Sabuh and Yabadhaale readily embraced his leadership, he encountered opposition from the Habaraji. The HabarAji,

560-643: The Ethio-Somali border near the towns of Abudwak and Balanbale extending out into the Shilabo district of the Qorahe and Shabelle Zone inside Ethiopia, an estimated 350 km from the coast to the interior of Ethiopia. They also settle on the main road of Somalia between the town of Godinlabe and the town of Mataban District in Hiiraan . The clan inhabits approximately 45,000 km worth of land that has prime grazing and as

600-757: The Hiraab imamate called the Ayr Ugaasate . The Hiraab Imamate spanned across Mogadishu and the port town of Hobyo . The Imamate engaged in various battles with foreign forces such as the French, Portuguese and Arabs on various occasions which they successfully repelled. The inception of the Ayr Ugaas dates back approximately 400–500 years. The inaugural Ugaas, Aalin Arole, also known as Caalin Caroole, ascended to leadership as foretold by his forebear Abti-idig . The prediction foresaw

640-400: The Hiran government declared a halt to the use of Somali shillings because villages controlled by al-Shabaab refused to accept high denomination 1,000 Somali shilling bills and because of the influx of counterfeit bills from Puntland , which caused massive inflation. United States dollars were to be used for transactions. In October 2019, Beledweyne was severely damaged by the flooding of

680-651: The Mu'le(Mucle/Tolweyne), dedicated significant military efforts to prevent the Sultanate from falling. Despite the efforts, the Ajuran empire was eventually defeated and was replaced by the Hiraab Imamate and other smaller Sultanates. The Ayr who are part of the Hiraab later joined the Hiraab Imamate that ruled the lands of the Hawiye for another 300 years. During this time they had established their own sub-leadership that came under

720-462: The Somali government replaced Governor Hiran for his involvement in the murders in Beledweyne. In the same month, the Somali President visits Beledweyne. In January 2016, three people were killed in a clan war in Hiran. In August 2016, Somalia's interior minister rejected a local request to divide Hiran into two regions. In October 2016, Somali government and Ethiopian troops withdrew from

760-475: The Ugaas emerging from Abti-idig's son, Dhowrakace Abti-idig, marked by a distinct brightness on his body (Calaamo). This forecast was made because Abti-idig understood constellations and was knowledgeable about astronomy. Islaaleed or Habar Islaaleed and Ajiyeey or Habar Aji were the two wives of Abti-Idig and they bore him 4 sons in total each wife birthing 2 twin sons. The first of the two wives, Habar Islaaleed,

800-409: The businesses in the capital. They are the deputy commissioners of 3 other districts in the capital namely: Deynile District , Howlwadag District & Yaqshid District . The Ayr clan derive their name from the Somali word Cayr/Caydh, which means welfare. The name comes from a historical incident involving Muhammad and his siblings following the death of their father. The oldest brother, Muhammad,

840-510: The capital city of the regional state Galmudug , and Mataban District in Hiiraan region among many others. Additionally, they are settled in great numbers in the nation's capital city Mogadishu , and are the majority clan in the biggest metropolitan district in the capital, Hodan District , and are the district commissioners of that district. They own several large banks around the nation, including premier bank and mybank and are considered to be very business savvy people as they own most of

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880-445: The central regions of Somalia, Galgaduud , Hiiraan and Mudug , and 1 northern region, Sool . But After the civil war, they managed to expand. They exerted extensive influence in the mentioned regions and played an important role in the politics of those regions. They are also found in Ethiopia in the occupied Somali region specifically in the regions of Qorahe and Shabelle Zone in great numbers. The clan traditionally settles until

920-552: The clan had agreed to hand over the Ugaas title to his cousin, Ugaas Nuur, who is the grandfather of the current Ugaas. The current Ugaas is a descendant of Ugaas Koshin Ugaas Caalin's brother, Cabdi Ugaas Caalin. Ugaas Koshin's line of rule only ruled for 4 generations before it was transferred to the lineage of his brother Cabdi Ugaas. Ali Jimale Ahmed outlines the Hawiye clan genealogical tree in The Invention of Somalia : The Ayr clan

960-475: The conflict between ASWJ and Al-Shabaab did not stop after that, and the Ethiopian army also intervened in the conflict. In addition to that, Galmudug , a regional government created in central Somalia, joined the conflict in the name of Somali government forces. In October 2021, another battle broke out between ASWJ and Galmudug, displacing most of the inhabitants of Guriel (5,000 houses, 20,000 people). Both

1000-484: The first son. After that, he went to see Habar Islaaleed, who had also given birth to a son they had named Dhowrakace because they had assumed she would miscarry during her pregnancy. He returned to Habaraji, where she unexpectedly gave birth to a second son who would be named Qoorcas, or redneck in English. When he returned to see how Habar Islaaleed was doing, he discovered that she had another son, Daaud, whom they had given

1040-608: The last 30 years. The clan were staunch anti-colonialist at the onset of Italian and British colonialism in Somalia. They played a crucial role in the Elbur revolt that had the Italian commissioner for El Buur killed, Franco Carolei. Similarly, they were part of the Dervishes which was an anti-colonialist group that operated mainly in northern Somalia and later on in the Hiiraan region. The Ayr clan

1080-421: The main hospital and the community hospital were destroyed by fire and shelling. By the end of the year, an estimated 120 people had died in this recent spate of fighting. This Somalia location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Hiran, Somalia Hiran ( Somali : Hiiraan , Arabic : هيران ) is an administrative region ( gobol ) in central Somalia and part of

1120-521: The nickname Sabuh because he was born in June, the month of Sabuh. Once everything was finished, both wives claimed that their firstborn was the eldest son. Abti-idig called the family together and declared that he should make his will known, stating that he didn't think he would have any more children. He declared Warwaaq was his eldest son, and he declared that he would maintain the family's firstborn title. He went on to say that his second son Dhowrakace would have

1160-508: The number of districts to eight. Nabadoon Dacar Xirsi Nuur Somalia's civil war started around 1990. Since 1994, the Sharia law has been increasingly applied in Hiran. In June 1995, Mohamed Farrah Aidid declared himself president of Somalia and attempted to rule Hiran, but was ousted by local clans in late 1995. According to a 1998 report, Hiran is considered a relatively stable region within Somalia. However, banditry has flourished in

1200-415: The oldest clan within the Ayr, staunchly believed in the idea that governance should be entrusted to their authority, advocating for the transformation of the Ayr's political structure into a monarchy. After prolonged negotiations, a pivotal meeting between the Ayr and HabarAji led to the persuasive acceptance of Ugaas Koshin's leadership by the Habaraji, solidifying his reign over the entire Ayr clan. His rule

1240-563: The past. The governor lives in Beledweyne , and the use of militias has reduced the incidence of fighting, with the exception of Mataban District . In June 1999, flooding in south-central Somalia caused extensive damage in Hiran. In November 2001, the Quran School was attacked by an armed group, killing 18 students. In August 2006, the Xawaadle and Murusade clans, who had been fighting in

Ayr (clan) - Misplaced Pages Continue

1280-476: The portion of the father's wealth that was rightfully his that he added to theirs making him a welfare collector by Somali cultural standards. The clan's traditional leadership system is the Ugaas system and has had 10 traditional leaders since the inception of the first Ugaas. The first Ugaas of the clan was Ugaas Kooshin Ugaas Caalin who is separated 8 generations from the progenitor of the clan, Muhamad Madarkicis. It

1320-485: The progeny that led all the Ayr because his mother had royal characteristics and that the leadership of the Ayr be left to him. The progeny would be identified as the long-awaited ruler by a prominent birthmark or bright mark on his arm. Despite this destined path, Ugaas Caalin faced initial resistance from some Ayr sub-clans, notably the Yabadhaale and Sabuh. Ugaas Caalin's authority eventually took root, primarily governing

1360-559: The provincial capital of Beledweyne . According to the Somalia government's classification, Hiran Region consists of steven districts: In May 2012, Governor Hiran appointed new governors for Mahas and Mataban Districts . In August 2023, the Hiiraan State , inaugurated the previous year, declared that where Hiran had previously had five districts, Beledweyne , Buloburde , Mahas , Jalalaqsi , and Mataban , it would have three new districts, Halgan , El Ali , Far- Libaax, bringing

1400-583: Was a dominant force in the Indian Ocean trade during the Middle Ages. As the Ajuran Sultanate faced its decline, the Ayr clan actively engaged in both the overthrow and defence of this once-powerful empire under the united banner of the wider Habargidir and Hiraab forces who had planned to defeat the empire due to injustices. Notably, various sections of the Ayr, such as the Yabadhaale and a few segments of

1440-458: Was a jealous woman. He led HabarAji to a place far from the area around Habar Islaaleed, where he gave her seven cows with calfs and instructed her to give birth under a large tree he had prepared for her. Between his two women, Abti-idig would frequently enquire as to which had given birth. They both went into full labour at dusk, and Abti-Idig started moving more frequently between them. Abti-Idig went to HabarAji, where she gave birth to Warwaaq,

1480-405: Was a wealthy woman who had a life akin to a royal, but it was also rumoured that she harboured protective jealousy towards her husband. She owned numerous animals, an opulent Somali home, and pricey possessions. Habar Aji, on the other hand, was a younger woman who used to assist Habar Islaaleed by helping to tend to household chores. Habar Islaaleed was unable to conceive when Abti-idig tried to have

1520-546: Was fair and he took an oath to defend the Ayr's land which he did greatly, against neighbouring clans that hoped to expand. The current Ugaas is not a direct descendant of Ugaas Kooshin despite the Ugaas leadership system being a hereditary one. The reason for this is due to a major dispute that had ensued among the Ayr in the 1900s regarding leadership. The Ugaas at the time was Ugaas Jima'le Ugaas Faarah but many Ayr sub-clans were dissatisfied with his leadership and complained about him regularly. After much dispute and discussion,

1560-509: Was proclaimed in Kalabayr, Hiran, led by C/fataax Xasan Afrax. In March 2011, a bombing by Al-Shabaab occurred in Beledweyne. In December 2011, Ethiopian troops and Ahlu Sunna Waljama'a completely retook the city of Baladweyne from al-Shabaab. In May 2013, Governor Hiran decided to send deserter soldiers from al-Shabaab who are hiding, and asked the local population for help in sending them to rehabilitation facilities. In November 2013,

1600-400: Was responsible for allocating his father's fortune to his siblings. Muhammad, who was considerably older than his three other brothers, didn't need his father's fortune because he was already well-established and wealthy on his own. He gave his three younger brothers his share of their father's wealth along with an ultimatum that he would periodically take a portion of their wealth to make up for

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