21-717: The Carteret County Regiment was authorized by the North Carolina Provincial Congress on September 9, 1775. It was subordinate to the New Bern District Brigade after May 4, 1776. The regiment was engaged in battles or skirmishes against the British during the American Revolution , including the Battle of Stono Ferry and the Battle of Beaufort . The regiment also existed during the colonial period in
42-545: A revolutionary government, issued bills of credit to finance the provincial government, provided for the common defense, and adopted the state's first constitution . There were five congresses . They met in the towns of New Bern (first and second), Hillsborough (third), and Halifax (fourth and fifth). The fourth congress approved the Halifax Resolves , the first resolution of one of United Colonies to call for American independence . Five months later it would authorize
63-509: A "Declaration of Rights." It elected Caswell to serve as acting governor until the province's first General Assembly could meet to elect a governor. Josiah Martin Josiah Martin (23 April 1737 – 13 April 1786) was a British Army officer and colonial official who served as the ninth and last British governor of North Carolina from 1771 to 1776. Martin was born in Dublin , Ireland,
84-552: A government structure, issued bills of credit to pay for the movement, organized an army for defense, wrote a constitution and bill of rights that established the state of North Carolina, and elected their first acting governor in the fifth congress that met in 1776. These congresses paved the way for the first meeting of the North Carolina state Legislature on April 7, 1777, in New Bern, North Carolina . The first such congress met at
105-551: A group of colonists against Fort Johnston on 20 July. Martin was forced to flee aboard the Cruizer while the colonists destroyed the fort. Martin remained off the coast of North Carolina, directing the rising of the Loyalists , whom he supplied with weapons brought from England. After two attempts during the Carolina campaign to re-establish his administration were turned back, Martin, who
126-713: The Battle of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts. Following this news, Governor Josiah Martin fled and this ended the royal government in the Province. The first military action occurred on July 18 when patriots burned Fort Johnston , where Governor Martin had transferred his headquarters. The third congress met in Hillsborough , from August 20 to September 10, 1775. Its president was Samuel Johnston (Harvey had recently died). This congress, which included representatives of every county and town, officially established itself as
147-617: The British Army in 1756, rising to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in 1769. On 29 December 1758, Josiah was appointed to the New York Council , a position once held by his uncle. Because of his trips to London and Antigua, the council, in November 1762, temporarily replaced him with Lawrence Read, superseded in turn by Lawrence's father Joseph Read, to sit in Martin's place until he returned. He
168-645: The Cape Fear River . When the Mecklenburg Resolves were published in May 1775, Martin transmitted a copy to England, which he described as "setting up a system of rule and regulation subversive of his majesty's government." Martin then requested a supply of arms and ammunition from General Thomas Gage in Boston . In July 1775, a plot instigated by Martin to arm the slaves was discovered. In retaliation, John Ashe led
189-616: The Thirteen Colonies . Joseph Hewes presented the Halifax Resolves to the Continental Congress on May 27, the same day that Virginia delegates presented similar resolves. The Fifth and last Provincial Congress met at Halifax from November 12 to December 23, 1776. Richard Caswell served as president, with Cornelius Harnett as vice-president. This congress approved the first Constitution of North Carolina , along with
210-504: The Tryon Palace in New Bern , from August 25 to 27, 1774. It was the first such gathering anywhere in the Thirteen Colonies held in defiance of British orders. Its moderator (president) was John Harvey , who was concurrently the last speaker of the Province of North Carolina General Assembly of 1775 House of Burgesses. This first provincial congress, with 69 delegates from 30 of
231-579: The North Carolinians useful and fair government, but he was hampered by his instructions from Lord Hillsborough, and later by Lord Dartmouth. Tryon left a legacy to Martin of five major problems that plagued North Carolina. These problems were After his home was attacked by Whigs on 24 April 1775, he sent his family to his in-laws' home in New York and took refuge on board the sloop-of-war HMS Cruizer , transferring his headquarters to Fort Johnston on
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#1732851480411252-547: The Province of North Carolina. The Carteret County Regiment was commanded by the following colonels: Known Lieutenant Colonels: Known Majors: North Carolina Provincial Congress The North Carolina Provincial Congress was an extralegal representative assembly patterned after the colonial lower house that existed in North Carolina from 1774 to 1776. It led the transition from British provincial to U.S. state government in North Carolina . It established
273-410: The highest governmental body in the province (British Governor Martin had fled, ending royal government). To govern North Carolina when the congress was not in session, a 13-member Provincial Council, or Council of Safety, was elected, constituting the first executive body in North Carolina free of British rule. Cornelius Harnett was elected as the first president of the council. The congress divided
294-460: The present day, the fourth North Carolina Provincial Congress is sometimes referred to as the "Halifax Assembly." The fourth congress, also presided over by Samuel Johnston, met in Halifax , from April 4 to May 14, 1776. Allen Jones served as vice-president. This congress passed what became known as the Halifax Resolves , the first "official" endorsement of independence from Great Britain by one of
315-574: The same place and almost the same time as the colonial assembly, and had almost exactly the same membership. This infuriated the royal governor, Josiah Martin , who dissolved the colonial legislature on April 8 and never called another. This congress approved the Continental Association , an economic boycott of Great Britain authorized by the First Continental Congress . Just after this congress met, news reached North Carolina about
336-822: The son of Samuel Martin , a planter well established on the Caribbean island of Antigua , third son of his father's second marriage. His elder half-brother Samuel Martin (1714–1788) was secretary to the Treasury in London. Another brother Sir Henry Martin (1735–1794) was for many years naval commissioner at Portsmouth and Comptroller of the Royal Navy . Sir Henry was father of Thomas Byam Martin . This Josiah Martin's uncle, also Josiah Martin (1699–1778) but born in Antigua , left Antigua after 1750 and settled at Far Rockaway, Long Island. He
357-456: The state into six military districts for purposes of organizing militia and for determining representation on the Council. These districts included Edenton, Halifax, Hillsborough, New Bern, Salisbury , and Wilmington. Later, an additional district, Morgan, was added for the western part of the state, including counties that eventually became part of Tennessee (Davidson, Greene, and Washington). In
378-597: The state's delegates to the Continental Congress to vote for independence. The fifth congress approved a state constitution and elected Richard Caswell governor. In 1777, the newly established General Assembly convened at New Bern . Five extra-legal unicameral bodies called the North Carolina Provincial Congresses met beginning in the summer of 1774. They were modeled after the colonial lower house (House of Commons). These congresses created
399-405: The then-36 counties, approved the calling of a Continental Congress and elected William Hooper , Joseph Hewes , and Richard Caswell as the colony's delegates thereto. The congress also approved a trade boycott to protest British actions against New England . The second congress also met at New Bern, from April 3 to 7, 1775. John Harvey once again served as moderator. The congress met at
420-482: Was a member of the first board of trustees for King's College (now Columbia University ) in 1754 and a member of the royal council of New York in 1754–1755. From 1759 to 1764, he was on the council of the governor of the Province of New York . Josiah Martin, the younger, married his first cousin Elizabeth Martin, daughter of the elder Josiah Martin of Long Island, in 1761. At first undecided, he became an ensign in
441-479: Was given "a full year to determine whether he will return to the council from the West Indies." On 1 March 1771, Martin received his appointment from The Crown as Governor of the Province of North Carolina, succeeding James Hasell . Handicapped by illness, he remained in New York and was unable to present himself in the governor's palace at New Bern until Monday, 12 August 1771. Governor Martin tried to give
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