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45-614: Carter Presidential Center can refer to: Carter Center Jimmy Carter Library and Museum Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Carter Presidential Center . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carter_Presidential_Center&oldid=932749004 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

90-596: A breeding ground for the disease-carrying flies, thereby reducing one way the disease is spread. Lymphatic filariasis and malaria are mosquito-borne diseases also targeted by The Carter Center. The center has distributed four million long-lasting insecticidal bed nets . It has also established drug distribution systems in Nigeria to treat and stem the spread of lymphatic filariasis and schistosomiasis . The Carter Center believes in building networks of village-based health care workers to treat people for various diseases at

135-411: A small number of long-term monitors (known as LTOs) for a period of six to eight weeks. A larger number of short-term observers (known as STOs) then join the mission for the final week of the campaign. STOs provide mostly quantitative observation of polling station and count procedures, with LTOs supplying qualitative analysis and contextual information about the wider political situation. In some cases,

180-588: A trusted broker for peace, serving as a channel for dialogue and negotiation. Recent examples include: Since 1988, the Chinese government has authorized direct village elections to help maintain social and political order in the context of rapid economic reforms. At the invitation of China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Carter Center initiated a joint project in 1998 to standardize Chinese village election procedures and assist in training of election officials and elected National People’s Congress deputies. In 2011,

225-473: Is a necessary and potentially rewarding burden that we should all be willing to assume." The Carter Center began spearheading the campaign to eradicate Guinea worm disease worldwide in 1986. At the time, there were about 3.5 million annual cases of the disease in 20 countries in Africa and Asia . In 2016, there were 25 reported cases in three countries: South Sudan , Chad , and Ethiopia . Guinea worm disease

270-403: Is complemented in many countries by domestic observer groups. A 2024 study categorized election monitoring organizations in terms of their quality. Of the 20 most-frequent election monitoring organizations, these were ranked as high-quality: These were ranked middle quality: These were ranked low-quality: Standard international election observation missions, as deployed by, for the example,

315-645: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Carter Center The Carter Center's goal is to advance human rights and alleviate human suffering , including helping improve the quality of life for people in more than 80 countries. The center has many projects including election monitoring , supporting locally led state-building and democratic institution-building in various countries, mediating conflicts between warring states, and intervening with heads of states on behalf of victims of human rights abuses. It also leads disease eradication efforts, spearheading

360-462: Is placed on building partnerships for change among international agencies, governments , nongovernmental organizations , and corporations and on working with ministries of health to strengthen or establish permanent health care delivery systems in the poorest nations. During his acceptance speech for the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002, Carter commented on what he felt is the greatest challenge

405-723: Is poised to be the first parasitic disease to be eradicated and the only disease to be eradicated without the use of vaccines or drugs. Within affected countries, the center reinforces existing disease eradication programs by providing technical and financial assistance, as well as logistics and tools, such as donated filter cloth material, larvicide , and medical kits. The International Task Force for Disease Eradication has been based at The Carter Center since its formation in 1988. The group has reviewed more than 100 infectious diseases and identified six as potentially eradicable – dracunculiasis , poliomyelitis , mumps , rubella , lymphatic filariasis , and cysticercosis . Since 1996,

450-543: The European Commission or the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR), monitor the entire electoral process. Election experts and long-term observers begin their work weeks before the actual election day, looking at candidate registration, the legal framework, the media situation, the work of the election administration, and the campaign environment. On election day, short-term observers monitor

495-757: The Organization of American States , the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the European Union , the Commonwealth Secretariat , the Council of Europe , and the African Union regularly deploy monitoring teams. The United Nations no longer provides monitoring services; instead, it focuses on electoral assistance. Individual governments also participate in monitoring efforts, generally under

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540-534: The U.N. Human Rights Council and the International Criminal Court . Both oppose the death penalty and urge its abolition in the U.S. Recalling President Carter’s success in the White House negotiating the long-lasting peace treaty between Israel and Egypt, groups in conflict turn to The Carter Center to help them prevent and resolve conflict. Lacking any official authority, the center has become

585-822: The University of Georgia . Election monitoring Election monitoring involves the observation of an election by one or more independent parties, typically from another country or from a non-governmental organization (NGO). The monitoring parties aim primarily to assess the conduct of an election process on the basis of national legislation and of international election standards . There are national and international election observers. Monitors do not directly prevent electoral fraud , but rather record and report instances of suspicious practices. The monitoring may serve to disincentivize, prevent or minimize practices that undermine election quality, as well as election-related violence . Election observation increasingly looks at

630-594: The Americas plays an important role in accomplishing these objectives. The Carter Center also promotes the dissemination to emerging democracies and regional organizations of models, lessons, and best practices for democratic governance. The goal is to empower those in transitioning countries who are trying to build stronger democratic institutions and practices. The Carter Center believes all people are entitled to basic human rights . These rights include political rights, such as peace, freedom, and self-governance, as well as

675-562: The Carter Center decided to focus on advancing the US- China relationship, and since 2015 has been promoting greater Africa-U.S.-China cooperation. The center has prevented the suffering of millions of people around the world from illnesses often ignored by others. Health programs seek to provide people with the information and access to services they need to treat their illnesses and take steps to prevent future spread of disease . An emphasis

720-571: The Carter Center. In 2007, he wrote an autobiography entitled Beyond the White House: Waging Peace, Fighting Disease, Building Hope , which chronicles the first 25 years of The Carter Center. The center was founded in 1982 and dedicated in 1986 with William Foege as its executive director. In 1993, John Hardman was appointed executive director, and during the 1990s the center received several multimillion-dollar donations to fight Guinea worm disease and to prevent blindness. In 1994,

765-469: The Rosalynn Carter Fellowships for Mental Health Journalism, which enable journalists to explore mental health issues. To date, more than 100 journalists have participated in the program. Jimmy Carter received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002 for his work through the Carter Center. The Carter Center received the inaugural Delta Prize for Global Understanding in 1999—an award administered by

810-638: The United States. Most international observer organizations have a mandate to observe parliamentary elections and some organizations, such as the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), also monitor local elections and referendums. However, the Congress of the Council of Europe , in cooperation with the Venice Commission , is specifically mandated to monitor local and regional elections and

855-509: The accreditation, voting, counting, and tabulations processes at polling units throughout election day. There are, however, also numerous domestic nonpartisan observer groups in many countries. Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN) in Pakistan is a coalition of 42 national civil society organizations working together to promote fair elections in Pakistan . Each jurisdiction may have different rules about who may observe. Rules vary by state in

900-474: The board of trustees. A community advisory group – the Board of Councilors – includes public and private-sector leaders who support The Carter Center and its activities in their communities and organizations. Members attend quarterly presentations on the center’s work. The CEO of The Carter Center is Paige Alexander, appointed on June 16, 2020. Her predecessor was (Ret.) Ambassador Mary Ann Peters who served in

945-402: The campaign to eradicate Guinea worm disease , as well as controlling and treating onchocerciasis , trachoma , lymphatic filariasis , and malaria through awareness campaigns. In 2002, Jimmy Carter received the Nobel Peace Prize for his work "to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development" through

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990-478: The center announced that it would monitor the hand recount in Georgia to "help bolster transparency and confidence in election results. The Carter Center supports the growth of democratic institutions to ensure that there is a respect for rule of law and human rights , that government decisions are open and transparent, and that everyone can have adequate resources to compete fairly for public office. For example,

1035-513: The center has been a leader in the fight against onchocerciasis , commonly known as river blindness – a parasitic disease transmitted by the bites of black flies. The center has worked to stop the spread of the disease in 11 countries across Africa and the Americas by helping residents and local health workers institute and sustain drug treatment programs and health education activities. The international river blindness campaign seeks to eliminate

1080-832: The center is supporting the efforts of civic leaders in Ethiopia to convene discussions about the most pressing and contentious political and social issues facing the country, and in the Palestinian Territories , it maintains a small presence in Ramallah focused on the ongoing monitoring and analysis of critical issues of democratic development. Democratic initiatives in Latin America include support for regional access-to-information programs, creation of an inter-American support network, and reform of political campaign financing. The center-based Council of Presidents and Prime Ministers of

1125-516: The center launched an initiative called "Not Even One" to fight child death by firearm. They decided to expand the program on March 25, 1997, effective April 1 of the same year. On October 2, 1995, The Rosalynn Carter Georgia Mental Health Forum was held at The Carter Center. The center is governed by a board of trustees, which oversees the organization’s assets and property and promotes its objectives and goals. In November 2015, Jason Carter , grandson of Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter, became Chair of

1170-665: The conduct of democratic elections and the process of monitoring elections by both international and domestic observing organizations. By the 2000s, about 80% of all elections were observed. In recent years, there has been increased prevalence of low-quality election monitors who validate flawed elections. These election monitors tend to have ties to autocratic states and authoritarian regional organizations, such as Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) , Organization for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) , and Southern African Development Community . International organizations such as

1215-564: The country. In partnership with the Sasakawa Africa Association, the center has worked since 1986 in 15 sub-Saharan African countries to teach 8-10 million small-scale farmers improved techniques that double or triple their crop yields. The program promotes use of fertilizers and crop protection chemicals, soil fertility , and environmentally friendly agronomic methods of crop production. It also supports efforts to construct quality grain storage to sustain market prices for

1260-473: The disease from the Western Hemisphere by 2015. The center has distributed more than 125 million doses of Mectizan (ivermectin) – a drug donated by Merck & Co., Inc., that treats and prevents river blindness. Center health workers also prevent transmission of trachoma – a bacterial infection that is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Trachoma is prevalent in places that lack

1305-401: The effort to develop effective methodologies for observing elections that employ new electronic voting technologies. In the 2020 US election, the Carter Center observed parts of the process at home for the first time in the history of the United States. In this context, the center conducted information campaigns in advance to strengthen confidence in the election process. On November 13, 2020,

1350-618: The entire electoral process over a long period of time, rather than at election-day proceedings only. The legitimacy of an election can be affected by the criticism of monitors, unless they are themselves seen as biased. A notable individual is often appointed honorary leader of a monitoring organization in an effort to enhance legitimacy of the monitoring process. Scholars distinguish between election monitoring organizations in terms of quality. Some election monitors, often those with ties to authoritarian states, validate elections even when they are blatantly flawed. The first monitored election

1395-543: The farmer and ensure greater food security , establish farmers' associations, and use quality food crops such as high-protein maize . Rosalynn Carter led the center’s efforts to fight stigma associated with mental illness . The center works to improve U.S. public policies that can help prevent mental illnesses and increase equity in mental health care , holding an annual symposium with national leaders in mental health and other fields. The center also seeks to raise public awareness of mental health issues globally through

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1440-607: The legitimacy of 115 elections in 40 countries since 1989. Scholars of election monitoring consider the Carter Center to be a "high-quality" election monitor. The Carter Center played an important role in the Declaration of Principles for International Election Observers , which codifies rules of best practices for election monitors. Carter Center observers analyze election laws, assess voter education and registration processes, and evaluate fairness in campaigns. The presence of impartial election observers deters interference or fraud in

1485-450: The major political parties. Observers do not interfere in the electoral process and do not represent the U.S. government . The center’s endorsement of the electoral process in the 2004 Venezuelan recall referendum has been disputed by the Center for Security Policy . Fox News' Doug Schoen told Michael Barone of U.S. News & World Report , "Our internal sourcing tells us that there

1530-491: The objectivity of some international observers is questioned. In addition to international organizations monitoring elections, citizen organizations—or coalitions of organizations—also monitor elections in their own country. The most common type of domestic election monitoring comes by way of party poll-watchers , who are partisan individuals that are looking out for the interests of their party. Election day activities of partisan observation groups often included scrutinizing

1575-416: The opening of polling stations, the vote cast, and the counting and tabulation of results. After election day, observers remain in the country for another few weeks to monitor how possible election-related shortcomings and complaints are dealt with by the election administration and the judiciary. The findings of the observers are made public in reports issued after election day. Most observation missions send

1620-596: The position since 2014. Center-based councils of eminent persons who offer guidance to or participate in center activities include: the Council of Presidents and Prime Ministers of the Americas, the International Task Force for Disease Eradication, and the Mental Health Task Force. The Carter Center also collaborates with other public and private organizations. The Carter Center performs election monitoring , sending teams of observers to determine

1665-541: The same time. Emphasis is on helping national and local governments establish programs that they can sustain into the future. Since 1997, the center established with the Ethiopian ministries of health and education the Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative to improve academic training for health care personnel in Ethiopia and increase access to health care in rural communities throughout

1710-750: The social rights of health care, food, shelter, and economic opportunity. The center actively supports human rights defenders around the world. In partnership with Human Rights First and the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights , the Center holds an annual human rights defenders policy forum hosted by President Carter in Atlanta . President and Mrs. Carter have intervened with heads of state on behalf of human rights defenders and victims for more than 20 years. They often take their human rights concerns to heads of state in personal meetings and through letters. The center and President Carter are strong supporters of

1755-732: The tools for basic hygiene, clean water, and adequate sanitation. The Center follows the World Health Organization ’s four-pronged approach – called the SAFE strategy – to fight trachoma in six African countries. The Trachoma Control Program is working to improve sanitation in those communities by building latrines , providing corrective surgery, distributing antibiotics , and educating communities on basic hygiene. As of March 2010 , The Carter Center has helped to build more than one million latrines in its effort to fight trachoma. The latrines contain human waste, preventing it from serving as

1800-613: The umbrella of an international organization. These national efforts are normally managed by the local electoral commission . A wide array of NGOs also participate in monitoring efforts. The Carter Center , for example, played a key role—with the United Nations Electoral Assistance Division and the National Democratic Institute —in building consensus on a common set of international principles for election observation. International observation

1845-438: The voting process, and reassures voters that they can safely and secretly cast their ballots and that vote tabulation will be conducted without tampering. Teams typically include 30-100 highly qualified impartial observers – regional leaders, political scientists, regional specialists, and election observation professionals. The Carter Center sends observers only when invited by a country’s electoral authorities and welcomed by

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1890-435: The world faces: “Among all the possible choices, I decided that the most serious and universal problem is the growing chasm between the richest and poorest people on earth. Citizens of the ten wealthiest countries are now 75 times richer than those who live in the ten poorest ones, and the separation is increasing every year, not only between nations but also within them. The results of this disparity are root causes of most of

1935-444: The world’s unresolved problems, including starvation, illiteracy, environmental degradation, violent conflict and unnecessary illnesses that range from Guinea worm to HIV/AIDS. Tragically, in the industrialized world there is a terrible absence of understanding or concern about those who are enduring lives of despair and hopelessness. We have not yet made the commitment to share with others an appreciable part of our excessive wealth. This

1980-467: Was fraud in the Venezuelan central commission. The Carter Center looked into the allegations and released a paper and statistical analysis reaffirming their original conclusions. The center played a key role – with the U.N. Electoral Assistance Division and the National Democratic Institute – in building consensus on a common set of international principles for election observation. It is also leading

2025-514: Was that of an 1857 plebiscite in Moldavia and Wallachia (current Romania) that was monitored by most of the major European powers. Election monitoring was uncommon until after World War II . During the 1960s, less than 10% of elections were monitored. Election observation activities have expanded significantly following the end of the Cold War , along with the development of international standards on

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