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22-513: Carl Flesch (born Károly Flesch , 9 October 1873 – 14 November 1944) was a Hungarian classical violinist and teacher. Flesch’s compendium Scale System is a staple of violin pedagogy . Flesch was born in Moson (now part of Mosonmagyaróvár ) in Hungary in 1873. He began playing the violin at seven years of age. At 10 he was taken to Vienna to study with Jakob Grün . At 17 he left for Paris , and joined

44-720: A gourmand . His compendium on food titled From Absinthe to Zest serves as an alphabet for food lovers. "Compendium" appears as a Latin pun in the English translation of the Franco-Belgian comics The Adventures of Asterix , where it is the name of one of the four Roman military camps surrounding the Gaulish village where the protagonists reside. Compendium Records was the name of a record store and label, which operated in Oslo , Norway, between 1974 and 1977. Field guide A field guide

66-517: A description of the objects covered, together with paintings or photographs and an index. More serious and scientific field identification books, including those intended for students, will probably include identification keys to assist with identification, but the publicly accessible field guide is more often a browsable picture guide organized by family, colour, shape, location or other descriptors. Popular interests in identifying things in nature probably were strongest in bird and plant guides. Perhaps

88-419: A field guide is to help the reader identify a bird, plant, rock, butterfly or other natural object down to at least the popular naming level. To this end some field guides employ simple keys and other techniques: the reader is usually encouraged to scan illustrations looking for a match, and to compare similar-looking choices using information on their differences. Guides are often designed to first lead readers to

110-790: A number of instructional books, including Die Kunst des Violin-Spiels ( The Art of Violin Playing , 1923) in which he advocated for the violinist as artist rather than merely virtuoso. Among his pupils were Charles Barkel , Edwin Bélanger , Norbert Brainin , Felix Galimir , Bronislaw Gimpel , Ivry Gitlis , Szymon Goldberg , Ida Haendel , Zvi (Heinrich) Haftel, Josef Hassid , Adolf Leschinski, Alma Moodie , Ginette Neveu , Yfrah Neaman , Ricardo Odnoposoff , Eric Rosenblith , Max Rostal , Henryk Szeryng , Henri Temianka , Roman Totenberg and Josef Wolfsthal , all of whom achieved considerable fame as both performers and pedagogues. He said his favorite pupil

132-401: A photograph to emphasize the field marks. A photograph is a record of a fleeting instant; a drawing is a composite of the artist's experience. The artist can edit out, show field marks to best advantage, and delete unnecessary clutter. He can choose position and stress basic color and pattern unmodified by transitory light and shade. ... The artist has more options and far more control ... Whereas

154-486: Is a book designed to help the reader identify wildlife ( flora or fauna or funga ) or other objects of natural occurrence (e.g. rocks and minerals ). It is generally designed to be brought into the " field " or local area where such objects exist to help distinguish between similar objects. Field guides are often designed to help users distinguish animals and plants that may be similar in appearance but are not necessarily closely related. It will typically include

176-717: Is a compendium of natural philosophy , metaphysics , language arts, and social science. The single volume Propædia is Encyclopædia Britannica ' s compendium of the many volumes of its Macropaedia . The Bible is a group of many writings of the law, prophets, and writings of the Hebrew Bible held to be comprehensive and complete within Judaism and called the Old Testament by Christianity. Some well known literary figures have written their own compendium. An example would be Alexandre Dumas , author of The Three Musketeers , and

198-517: Is a highly distinguished interpretation of Bach's great D minor Double Violin Concerto (Columbia) in which he played second violin to the great Joseph Szigeti , with Walter Goehr conducting an anonymous London string orchestra in the late 1930s. He was consulted (as was Oskar Adler ) by Louis Krasner over technical difficulties in Alban Berg's Violin Concerto , which Krasner was to premiere. He owned

220-438: Is often difficult to capture the constant features using a small number of photographs. Illustrations by artists or post processing of photographs help in emphasising specific features needed to for reliable identification. Peterson introduced the idea of lines to point to these key features. This passage was written by his wife, Virginia Marie Peterson , in the preface to one of his field guides: A drawing can do much more than

242-756: The Brancaccio Stradivarius , but had to sell it in 1931 after losing all his money on the New York Stock Exchange . Because of his Jewish origins, Flesch had to move to London during the 1930s, and was later arrested by the Gestapo in the Netherlands, was released thanks to Furtwängler's intervention, and died in Lucerne , Switzerland, in November 1944. Compendium The word compendium arrives from

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264-729: The Online Etymology Dictionary says "concise, abridged but comprehensive", "concise compilation comprising the general principles or leading points of a longer 'system or work ' ". Its etymology comes from a Medieval Latin use (com+pendere), literally meaning to weigh together. A field guide is a compendium of species found within a geographic area, or within a taxon of natural occurrence such as animals, plants, rocks and minerals, or stars. Bestiaries were medieval compendiums that catalogued animals and facts about natural history, and were particularly popular in England and France around

286-573: The Audubon Society , the RSPB , the Field Studies Council , National Geographic , HarperCollins , and many others all produce quality field guides. It is somewhat difficult to generalise about how field guides are intended to be used, because this varies from one guide to another, partly depending on how expert the targeted reader is expected to be. For general public use, the main function of

308-762: The Conservatoire de Paris , studying with Martin Pierre Marsick . He settled in 1903 in Amsterdam, in 1908 in Berlin, and in 1934 in London. He was known for his solo performances in a very wide range of repertoire (from Baroque music to contemporary), gaining fame as a chamber music performer. He also taught in Bucharest (1897–1902), Amsterdam (1903–08), Philadelphia (1924–28) and Berlin (Hochschule für Musik, 1929–34). He published

330-626: The 12th century. A cookbook is a compendium of recipes within a given food culture. An example would be the Catechism of the Catholic Church , a concise 598-question-and-answer book which summarises the teachings of the Catholic Church. Most nations have compendiums or compilations of law meant to be comprehensive for use by their judiciary; for example, the 613 commandments , or the United States Code . The collected works of Aristotle

352-470: The Latin word compeneri , meaning "to weigh together or balance". The 21st century has seen the rise of democratized, online compendia in various fields. The Latin prefix 'con-' is used in compound words to suggest, 'a being or bringing together of many objects' and also suggests striving for completeness with perfection. And compenso means balance, poise, weigh, offset. The entry on the word 'compendious' in

374-524: The appropriate section of the book, where the choices are not so overwhelming in number. Guides for students often introduce the concept of identification keys . Plant field guides such as Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (which is limited in scope to the wildflowers of northeastern North America) frequently have an abbreviated key that helps limit the search. Insect guides tend to limit identification to Order or Family levels rather than individual species, due to their diversity. Many taxa show variability and it

396-468: The differences – people could use his bird guide in the field to compare species quickly to make identification easier. This technique, the " Peterson Identification System ", was used in most of Peterson's Field Guides from animal tracks to seashells and has been widely adopted by other publishers and authors as well. Today, each field guide has its own range, focus and organization. Specialist publishers such as Croom Helm, along with organisations like

418-572: The first popular field guide to plants in the United States was the 1893 How to Know the Wildflowers by "Mrs. William Starr Dana" ( Frances Theodora Parsons ). In 1890, Florence Merriam published Birds Through an Opera-Glass , describing 70 common species. Focused on living birds observed in the field, the book is considered the first in the tradition of modern, illustrated bird guides. In 1902, now writing as Florence Merriam Bailey (having married

440-422: The size of the book to fit the pocket, including colour plates, and producing guides in uniform editions that covered subjects such as garden and woodland flowers, mushrooms, insects, and dogs. In 1934, Roger Tory Peterson , using his fine skill as an artist, changed the way modern field guides approached identification. Using color plates with paintings of similar species together – and marked with arrows showing

462-580: The zoologist Vernon Bailey ), she published Handbook of Birds of the Western United States . By contrast, the Handbook is designed as a comprehensive reference for the lab rather a portable book for the field. It was arranged by taxonomic order and had clear descriptions of species size, distribution, feeding, and nesting habits. From this point into the 1930s, features of field guides were introduced by Chester A. Reed and others such as changing

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484-490: Was the Australian Alma Moodie , who achieved great fame in the 1920s and 1930s but made no recordings and is little known today. In his memoirs he said, "there was above all Henry [i.e., Henri] Temianka, who did great credit to the [Curtis] Institute: both musically and technically, he possessed a model collection of talents." See: List of music students by teacher: C to F#Carl Flesch . One of Flesch's few recordings

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