Caribbean Club on Key Largo , northernmost of the Florida Keys , was developed and built by auto parts and real estate promoter Carl Graham Fisher in 1938.
88-659: Carl Fisher, considered a genius as a promoter, had conceived the Lincoln Highway , the first road across America , in 1913. Fisher had helped develop the Indianapolis Motor Speedway and Miami Beach and had at one time been worth an estimated $ 100 million. He lost his fortune in the Stock Market Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression . One source indicates that during the years before his death, Fisher
176-531: A trail association rather than for their value as a route between significant locations. By 1925 governments had joined the roadbuilding movement, and began to assert control. Federal and state officials established the Joint Board on Interstate Highways, which proposed a numbered U.S. Highway System which would make the trail designations obsolete, though technically the Joint Board had no authority over highway names. Increasing government support for roadbuilding
264-485: A $ 130,000 contribution by United States Rubber Company president and LHA founder C.B. Seger, the ideal section was built during 1922 and 1923. Magazines and newspapers called the ideal section a vision of the future, and highway officials from across the country visited and wrote technical papers that circulated both in the United States and overseas. The ideal section is still in use to this day, and has worn so well that
352-561: A chapter to it ("Through Darkest America With Truck and Tank") in his 1967 book At Ease: Stories I Tell to Friends (Doubleday and Company, Inc., 1967). "The trip had been difficult, tiring and fun," he said. That 1919 experience on the Lincoln Highway, and his exposure to the autobahn network in Germany in the 1940s, found expression in 1954 when he announced his "Grand Plan" for highways. The resulting Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 created
440-546: A coast-to-coast rock highway to be completed by May 1, 1915, in time for the Panama–Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco. He estimated the cost at about $ 10 million and told the group, "Let's build it before we're too old to enjoy it!" Within a month Fisher's friends had pledged $ 1 million. Henry Ford , the biggest automaker of his day, refused to contribute because he believed
528-731: A driver would not notice it unless the marker near the road brought it to their attention. By the mid-1920s there were about 250 national auto trails . Some were major routes, such as the Lincoln Highway, the Jefferson Highway , the Dixie Highway , the National Old Trails Road , the Old Spanish Trail , and the Yellowstone Trail , but most were shorter. Some of the shorter routes were formed more to generate revenues for
616-512: A few weeks later on September 14, 1913, the route was announced. LHA leaders, particularly Packard president Henry Joy , wanted as straight a route as possible and the 3,389-mile (5,454 km) route announced did not necessarily follow the course of the Trail-Blazers. There were many disappointed town officials, particularly in Colorado and Kansas , who had greeted the Trail-Blazers and thought
704-450: A milestone in the history of highway construction in the United States. It was also noted at the dedication that this was only 50 miles (80 km) south of Promontory Summit , where another first in a transcontinental artery was completed—the golden spike of the US's first transcontinental railroad . John McPhee described the geology revealed by the building of I-80 in a series of books on
792-446: A more northerly route toward Pocatello, Idaho. When US 50 was extended to California it followed the Lincoln Highway's alternate route south of Lake Tahoe. The last major promotional activity of the LHA took place on September 1, 1928, when at 1:00 p.m. groups of Boy Scouts placed approximately 2,400 concrete markers at sites along the route to officially mark and dedicate it to
880-461: A team. He can see you 20 miles off". Later editions omitted Mr. Thomas, but westbound travelers were advised to stop at the Orr's Ranch for advice, and eastbound motorists were to check with Mr. K.C. Davis of Gold Hill, Nevada. The Lincoln Highway Association did not have enough funds to sponsor large sections of the road, but from 1914 it did sponsor "seedling mile" projects. According to the 1924 LHA Guide
968-480: A year after the 25th anniversary in 1939, having lost most of his fortune as a result of the great hurricane that slammed Miami Beach in 1928, followed by the Great Depression at the same time that he was pouring millions of dollars into his Montauk Long Island resort development. On June 29, 1956, President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 , authorizing the construction of
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#17328475633221056-692: Is a toll road , containing most of both the Indiana Toll Road and the Ohio Turnpike . I-80 runs concurrently with I-90 from near Portage, Indiana , to Elyria, Ohio . In Pennsylvania , I-80 is known as the Keystone Shortway , a non-tolled freeway that crosses rural north-central portions of the state on the way to New Jersey and New York City. I-80 begins at an interchange with US Route 101 (US 101) in San Francisco and then crosses
1144-900: Is located within 10 miles (16 km) of the Michigan state line but does not enter that state. From the State Road ;9 (SR 9) and I-80/I-90 interchange, the sign marking the Indiana–Michigan state line is visible. I-80/I-90 passes through the South Bend–Mishawaka metropolitan area , passing the University of Notre Dame and the University Park Mall , intersecting with the St. Joseph Valley Parkway . At another point in northern Indiana, I-80/I-90 comes within about 200 yards (180 m) of
1232-623: Is one of the first transcontinental highways in the United States and one of the first highways designed expressly for automobiles. Conceived in 1912 by Indiana entrepreneur Carl G. Fisher , and formally dedicated October 31, 1913, the Lincoln Highway runs coast-to-coast from Times Square in New York City west to Lincoln Park in San Francisco. The full route originally ran through 13 states: New York , New Jersey , Pennsylvania , Ohio , Indiana , Illinois , Iowa , Nebraska , Colorado , Wyoming , Utah , Nevada , and California . In 1915,
1320-784: Is the highest community on I-80. Farther west in Wyoming, the Interstate passes through the dry Red Desert and over the Continental Divide . In a way, the highway crosses the Divide twice, since two ridges of the Rocky Mountains split in Wyoming, forming the endorheic Great Divide Basin , from which surface water cannot drain but can only evaporate. I-80 enters Nebraska west of Bushnell . The western portion of I-80 in Nebraska runs very close to
1408-719: Is the main east–west freeway through the central part of the state. It runs from the Ohio state line near Sharon to the Delaware Water Gap Toll Bridge over the Delaware River and is called the "Z.H. Confair Memorial Highway". It traverses the extreme northern section of Greater Pittsburgh . I-80 serves as the western terminus for I-376 which connects it to Pittsburgh International Airport and on to Downtown Pittsburgh and suburban Pittsburgh. I-80 intersects I-79 , which connects with Erie (about 75 miles (121 km) to
1496-651: The Great Salt Lake . The longest stretch between exits on an Interstate Highway is located between Wendover and Knolls , with 37.4 miles (60.2 km) between those exits. This portion of I-80, crossing the Great Salt Lake Desert , is extremely flat and straight, dotted with large warning signs about driver fatigue and drowsiness. East of the salt flats, I-80 passes the southern edge of Great Salt Lake and continues on through Salt Lake City , where it merges with I-15 for three miles (5 km) before entering
1584-667: The Highway Trust Fund that accelerated construction of the Interstate Highway System . Fisher's idea that the auto industry and private contributions could pay for the highway was soon abandoned, and, while the LHA did help finance a few short sections of roadway, LHA founders' and members' contributions were used primarily for publicity and promotion to encourage travel on the Highway and to lobby officials at all levels to support its construction by governments. According to
1672-580: The Interstate Highway System . The New York-to-San Francisco transcontinental route in the system, Interstate 80 , would however largely follow a different path across the country than US 30. I-80 would also not be signed all the way to the New York City, instead terminating in Teaneck, New Jersey , west of the Hudson River just a few miles short of the George Washington Bridge . In the years since,
1760-600: The Lincoln Highway Association Official Map website . Google Maps prominently labels the 1928–1930 route. Most of U.S. Route 30 from Philadelphia to western Wyoming, portions of Interstate 80 in the western United States, most of U.S. Route 50 in Nevada and California, and most of old decommissioned U.S. Route 40 in California are alignments of the Lincoln Highway. The final (1928–1930) alignment of
1848-715: The Mississippi River into Illinois. The majority of the highway runs through farmland, yet roughly a third of Iowa's population live along the I-80 corridor. In Illinois , I-80 runs from the Fred Schwengel Memorial Bridge across the Mississippi River south to an intersection with I-74 . It then runs east across north-central Illinois just north of the Illinois River to Joliet . I-80 continues east through
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#17328475633221936-726: The Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) and the PTC signed a 50-year lease agreement, which would allow the PTC to maintain and, eventually, toll I-80. However, the application for a toll was rejected by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). I-80 does not enter New York City . Once the I-95 / New Jersey Turnpike was extended in 1971 from its former terminus at US 46 in Ridgefield to I-80 in Teaneck ,
2024-559: The Reno metropolitan area , and it also goes through the towns of Fernley , Lovelock , Winnemucca , Battle Mountain , Elko , Wells , and West Wendover on its way through the state. The Nevada portion of I-80 follows the paths of the Truckee and Humboldt rivers, which have been used as a transportation corridor since the California Gold Rush of the 1840s. The Interstate also follows
2112-528: The San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge into Oakland . It then heads northeast through Vallejo , Sacramento , and the Sierra Nevada before crossing into Nevada . A portion of the route through Pinole involved the experimental transplantation of the rare species Santa Cruz tarplant in the right-of-way . In Nevada , I-80 traverses the northern portion of the state. The freeway serves
2200-651: The United States Numbered Highways system of 1926. Most of the 1928 Lincoln Highway route became U.S. Route 30 (US 30), with portions becoming US 1 in the East and US 40 , US 50 and US 93 in the West. Most significantly, the Lincoln Highway inspired the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 , also known as the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act (Public Law 84-627), which
2288-770: The Wasatch Range east of the city. It ascends Parleys Canyon and passes within a few miles of Park City as it follows a route through the mountains toward the junction with the eastern terminus of the western section of I-84 . From the junction it continues up Echo Canyon and on toward the border with Wyoming , near Evanston . The route of the Utah section of I-80 is defined in Utah Code Annotated § 72-4-113(10). In Wyoming , I-80 reaches its maximum elevation of 8,640 feet (2,630 m) above sea level at Sherman Summit , near Buford , which, at 8,000 feet (2,400 m),
2376-589: The southern suburbs of Chicago and joins I-94 just before entering Indiana. In Indiana , I-80 runs concurrently with another Interstate Highway for its entire length. It runs with I-94 on the Borman Expressway from the Illinois state line to Lake Station, Indiana , then with I-90 on the Indiana Toll Road from Lake Station to the Ohio state line. Between La Porte and the Toledo metropolitan area , I-80/I-90
2464-407: The "Colorado Loop" was removed, and in 1928, a realignment routed the Lincoln Highway through the northern tip of West Virginia . Thus, there are 14 states, 128 counties, and more than 700 cities, towns, and villages through which the highway passed at some time in its history. The first officially recorded length of the entire Lincoln Highway in 1913 was 3,389 miles (5,454 km). Over the years,
2552-510: The 13 states along the route. During a dedication ceremony in Iowa, State Engineer Thomas H. MacDonald said he felt it was "... the first outlet for the road building energies of this community". He went on to advocate the creation of a system of transcontinental highways with radial routes. In 1919, MacDonald became Commissioner of the Bureau of Public Roads (BPR), a post he held until 1953, when he oversaw
2640-660: The Association's 1916 Official Road Guide a trip from the Atlantic to the Pacific on the Lincoln Highway was "something of a sporting proposition" and might take 20 to 30 days. To make it in 30 days the motorist would need to average 18 miles (29 km) an hour for 6 hours per day, and driving was only done during daylight hours. The trip was thought to cost no more than $ 5 a day per person, including food, gas, oil, and even "five or six meals in hotels". Car repairs would, of course, increase
2728-586: The Border Fault, it pussyfoots along on morainal till that levelled up the fingers of the foldbelt hills. It does a similar dance with glacial debris in parts of Pennsylvania. It needs no assistance on the craton. It climbs a ramp to the Rockies and a fault-block staircase up the front of the Sierra. It is geologically shrewd. It was the route of animal migrations, and of human history that followed. It avoids melodrama, avoids
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2816-567: The Florida Keys, and the rest was filmed in the Warner Bros. studio. After Fisher's death, the club was turned into a casino. In 1990, the Orlando Sentinel reviewed the sources of the rumours about the filming of "Key Largo" in an article titled "Who Cares if Bogie and Bacall Never Set Foot Here". At that time, the property was described as a motel with "modest rooms and cottages". By 1948,
2904-650: The Grand Island area and milemarker 390 near Lincoln . Along this length, the road does not vary from an ideally straight line by more than a few yards. After Lincoln, I-80 turns northeast toward Omaha . It then crosses the Missouri River in Omaha to enter the state of Iowa . Part of I-80 in Nebraska is marked as a Blue Star Memorial Highway . I-80 is the longest Interstate Highway in Iowa . It extends from west to east across
2992-454: The LHA organized a design plan for a road section that could handle traffic 20 years into the future. Seventeen highway experts met between December 1920 and February 1921, and specified: The most famous seedling mile built to these specifications was the 1.3-mile (2.1 km) "ideal section" between Dyer and Schererville in Lake County, Indiana . With federal, state, and county funds, and
3080-510: The LHA was more interested in the larger plan for roadbuilding than they were in officially retaining the name. They knew the Lincoln Highway name was fixed in the mind of the public, and James promised them that, so far as possible, the Lincoln Highway would have the number 30 for its entire route. An editorial in the February 1926 issue of The Lincoln Highway Forum reflected the outcome: The Lincoln Highway Association would have liked to have seen
3168-683: The Lincoln Highway corresponds roughly to the following roads: The Lincoln Highway was America's first national memorial to President Abraham Lincoln , predating the 1922 dedication of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., by nine years. As the first automobile road across America, the Lincoln Highway brought great prosperity to the hundreds of cities, towns and villages along the way. The Lincoln Highway became affectionately known as "The Main Street Across America". The Lincoln Highway
3256-424: The Lincoln Highway designated as a United States route entirely across the continent and designated by a single numeral throughout its length. But it realized that this was only a sentimental consideration. ... The Lincoln Way is too firmly established upon the map of the United States and in the minds and hearts of the people as a great, useful and everlasting memorial to Abraham Lincoln to warrant any skepticism as to
3344-451: The Lincoln Highway has remained a persistent memory: Interstate 80 Interstate 80 ( I-80 ) is an east–west transcontinental freeway that crosses the United States from San Francisco, California , to Teaneck, New Jersey , in the New York metropolitan area . The highway was designated in 1956 as one of the original routes of the Interstate Highway System ; its final segment
3432-536: The Lincoln Highway in 1938. On June 8, 1938, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1938, which called for a BPR report on the feasibility of a system of transcontinental toll roads. The "Toll Roads and Free Roads" report was the first official step toward creation of the Interstate Highway System in the United States. The 25th Anniversary of the Lincoln Highway
3520-399: The Lincoln Highway name had been reserved earlier by a group of Easterners who were seeking support to build their Lincoln Highway from Washington to Gettysburg on federal funds. When Congress turned down their proposed appropriation, the project collapsed, and Fisher's preferred name became readily available. On July 1, 1913, the Lincoln Highway Association (LHA) was established "to procure
3608-401: The Michigan border. In Ohio , I-80/I-90 enters from the Indiana Toll Road and immediately becomes the Ohio Turnpike. The two Interstates cross rural northwest Ohio and run just south of the Toledo metropolitan area . In Rossford , the turnpike intersects I-75 in an area known as the Crossroads of America. This intersection is one of the largest intersections of three Interstate Highways in
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3696-418: The Mississippi River, 2,250 feet (690 m), although other Interstate Highways east of the Mississippi, including I-26 in North Carolina and Tennessee, reach higher elevations. In 2007, the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission (PTC), combined with state legislature Act No. 44, initiated plans to enact a tolling system on the entire span of I-80 throughout the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. On October 15, 2007,
3784-426: The October 31 dedication ceremonies, the LHA asked clergy across the United States to discuss Abraham Lincoln in their sermons on November 2, the Sunday nearest the dedication. The LHA then distributed copies of many of the sermons, such as one by Cardinal James Gibbons who, with the dedication fresh in mind, had written that "such a highway will be a most fitting and useful monument to the memory of Lincoln". One of
3872-419: The United States House of Representatives , wrote, "I believe the time has come for the general Government to actively and powerfully co-operate with the States in building a great system of public highways ... that would bring its benefits to every citizen in the country". However, Congress as a whole was not yet ready to commit funding to such projects. Carl G. Fisher was an early automobile entrepreneur who
3960-451: The United States. In Elyria Township , just west of Cleveland , I-90 splits from I-80, leaving the turnpike and running northeast as a freeway. I-80 runs east-southeast through the southern suburbs of Cleveland. Just northwest of Youngstown , the Ohio Turnpike continues southeast as I-76 , while I-80 exits the turnpike and runs east to the north of Youngstown, entering Pennsylvania south of Sharon, Pennsylvania . In Pennsylvania , I-80
4048-441: The accompanying letter, and both were widely reprinted. One of Fisher's first acts after opening LHA headquarters was to hire F. T. Grenell, city editor of the Detroit Free Press , as a part-time publicity man. The Trail-Blazer tour included representatives of the Hearst newspaper syndicate , the Indianapolis Star and News , the Chicago Tribune , and telegraph companies to help transmit their dispatches. In preparation for
4136-436: The attitude of those States crossed by the route. Those universally familiar red, white and blue markers, in many states the first to be erected on any thru route, will never lose their significance or their place on America's first transcontinental road. The states approved the new national numbering system in November 1926 and began putting up new signs. The Lincoln Highway was not alone in being split among several numbers, but
4224-436: The building of enduring highways everywhere that will not only be a credit to the American people but that will also mean much to American agriculture and American commerce". Henry Joy was named as the LHA president, so that although Carl Fisher remained a driving force in furthering the goals of the association, it would not appear as his one-man crusade. The first section of the Lincoln Highway to be completed and dedicated
4312-428: The central portion of the state through the population centers of Council Bluffs , Des Moines, and the Quad Cities . It enters the state at the Missouri River in Council Bluffs and heads east through the southern Iowa drift plain . In the Des Moines metropolitan area , I-80 meets up with I-35 and the two routes bypass Downtown Des Moines together while I-235 proceeds straight through the metro and rejoins both on
4400-417: The convoy was greeted in communities across the country. The LHA used the convoy's difficulties to show the need for better main highways, building popular support for both local and federal funding. The convoy led to the passage of many county bond issues supporting highway construction. One of the participants in the convoy was Lieutenant Colonel Dwight D. Eisenhower , and it was so memorable that he devoted
4488-432: The cost. Since gasoline stations were still rare in many parts of the country, motorists were urged to top off their gasoline at every opportunity, even if they had done so recently. Motorists should wade through water before driving through to verify the depth. The list of recommended equipment included chains, a shovel, axe, jacks, tire casings and inner tubes, tools, and (of course) a pair of Lincoln Highway pennants. And,
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#17328475633224576-407: The early days of the effort, each contribution from a famous supporter was publicized. Theodore Roosevelt and Thomas Edison , both friends of Fisher, sent checks. A friendly Member of the United States Congress arranged for President Woodrow Wilson , a dedicated motor enthusiast, to contribute $ 5 whereupon he was issued Highway Certificate #1. Copies of the certificate were promptly distributed to
4664-409: The early stages of the Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways . In September 1912, in a letter to a friend, Fisher wrote that "... the highways of America are built chiefly of politics, whereas the proper material is crushed rock, or concrete". The leaders of the LHA were masters of the public relations , and used publicity and propaganda as even more important materials. In
4752-402: The entire routing between Philadelphia and Granger, Wyoming, was assigned US 30 per the agreement. East of Philadelphia the Lincoln Highway was part of US 1 , and west of Salt Lake City the route became US 50 across Nevada and then US 40 over Donner Pass. Only the segment between Granger and Salt Lake City was not part of the new numbering plan; US 30 was assigned to
4840-400: The establishment of a continuous improved highway from the Atlantic to the Pacific, open to lawful traffic of all description without toll charges". The first goal of the LHA was to build the rock highway from Times Square in New York City to Lincoln Park in San Francisco. The second goal was to promote the Lincoln Highway as an example to, in Fisher's words, "stimulate as nothing else could
4928-412: The far side. In Ankeny , the Interstates split and I-80 continues east. On the west edge of the Iowa City metropolitan area , it intersects I-380 , a segment of the Avenue of the Saints . Northwest of the Quad Cities in Walcott is Iowa 80 , the world's largest truckstop. I-80 passes along the northern edge of Davenport and Bettendorf and leaves Iowa via the Fred Schwengel Memorial Bridge over
5016-467: The first road across the United States. The highway roughly traces other historically significant travel routes in the Western United States : the Oregon Trail across Wyoming and Nebraska , the California Trail across most of Nevada and California , the first transcontinental airmail route, and the route of the first transcontinental railroad , except for the vicinity of the Great Salt Lake . From near Chicago east to near Youngstown, Ohio , I-80
5104-481: The formation of the continent of North America , books that were published between 1981 and 1993 and collected in a one-volume edition in 1998 Annals of the Former World which won a Pulitzer Prize in 1999. In "Basin and Range" (1981), he described how the idea emerged in a conversation with Princeton geologist Kenneth S. Deffeyes : What about Interstate 80, I asked him. It goes the distance. How would it be? "Absorbing," he said. And he mused aloud: After 80 crosses
5192-539: The government should build America's roads. However, contributors included former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt and Thomas A. Edison , both friends of Fisher, as well as then-current President Woodrow Wilson , the first U.S. president to make frequent use of an automobile for relaxation. Fisher and his associates chose a name for the road, naming it after one of Fisher's heroes, Abraham Lincoln . At first, they had to consider other names, such as "The Coast-to-Coast Rock Highway" or "The Ocean-to-Ocean Highway," because
5280-434: The greater contributions to highway development was a well-publicized and promoted United States Army Transcontinental Motor Convoy in 1919. The convoy left the White House in Washington, D.C., on July 7, 1919, and met the Lincoln Highway route at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania . After two months of travel, the convoy reached San Francisco on September 6, 1919. Though bridges failed, vehicles broke and were sometimes stuck in mud,
5368-404: The guide offered this sage advice: "Don't wear new shoes". Firearms were not necessary, but west of Omaha full camping equipment was recommended, and the guide warned against drinking alkali water that could cause serious cramps. In certain areas, advice was offered on getting help, for example near Fish Springs, Utah , "If trouble is experienced, build a sagebrush fire. Mr. Thomas will come with
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#17328475633225456-440: The highest elevation on the Lincoln Highway; it was relocated to the nearby Sherman Summit Rest Area on I-80 in 1969. The LHA needed to determine the best and most direct route from New York City to San Francisco. East of the Mississippi River , route selection was eased by the relatively dense road network. To scout a western route, the LHA's "Trail-Blazer" tour set out from Indianapolis in 17 cars and two trucks on July 1, 1913,
5544-541: The highway, was re-formed in 1992 and is now dedicated to promoting and preserving the road. In 1912, railroads dominated interstate transportation in America, and roadways were primarily of local interest. Outside cities, "market roads" were sometimes maintained by counties or townships, but maintenance of rural roads fell to those who lived along them. Many states had constitutional prohibitions against funding "internal improvements" such as road projects, and federal highway programs were not to become effective until 1921. At
5632-424: The historical routes of the California Trail , first transcontinental railroad , and Feather River Route throughout portions of the state. I-80 in Nevada closely follows, and at many points directly overlaps, the original route of the Victory Highway , State Route 1 (SR 1), and US 40 . After crossing Utah 's western border in Wendover , I-80 crosses the desolate Bonneville Salt Flats west of
5720-433: The importance of a unified, safe, and economical system of roads. ... Now I believe the country is at the beginning of another new era in highway building (that will) create a system of roads far beyond the dreams of the Lincoln Highway founders. I hope this anniversary observance makes millions of people realize how vital roads are to our national welfare, to economic programs, and to our national defense ... Fisher died about
5808-474: The memory of Abraham Lincoln. Less commonly known is that 4,000 metal signs for urban areas were also erected then. The markers were placed on the outer edge of the right of way at major and minor crossroads, and at reassuring intervals along uninterrupted segments. Each concrete post carried the Lincoln Highway insignia and directional arrow, as well as a bronze medallion with Lincoln's bust stating, "This Highway Dedicated to Abraham Lincoln". The Lincoln Highway
5896-504: The north) and Pittsburgh (about 55 miles (89 km) to the south). Further east, I-99 connects with State College and Altoona . A spur from I-80 ( I-180 ) runs to Williamsport . Upon entering the Pocono Mountains region, I-80 meets I-81 , connecting Syracuse, New York , and Harrisburg , and I-476 which connects with Scranton , Wilkes-Barre , Allentown , and Philadelphia . Another spur ( I-380 ) runs to Scranton. In Clearfield County , I-80 reaches its highest elevation east of
5984-407: The press. One of the best-known contributions came from a small group of Native Alaskan children in Anvik, Alaska . Their American teacher told them about Abraham Lincoln and the highway to be built in his honor, and they took up a collection and sent it to the LHA with the note, "Fourteen pennies from Anvik Esquimaux children for the Lincoln Highway". The LHA distributed pictures of the coins and
6072-617: The property was owned by the Krone family in 1948; it was extensively damaged by fire in 1955 and it was rebuilt in a different style. The Caribbean Club was acquired by Ruth and Lefty Whitehurst in 1963; fire again caused damage in 1971 and repairs were completed. As of 2021, the business was operated by the couple's children and grandchildren. The family's website was reporting that exterior shots for "Key Largo" were filmed here. 25°8′41.97″N 80°23′48.56″W / 25.1449917°N 80.3968222°W / 25.1449917; -80.3968222 Lincoln Highway The Lincoln Highway
6160-420: The road was improved and numerous realignments were made, and by 1924 the highway had been shortened to 3,142 miles (5,057 km). Counting the original route and all of the subsequent realignments, there has been a grand total of 5,872 miles (9,450 km). The Lincoln Highway was gradually replaced with numbered designations after the establishment of the U.S. Numbered Highway System in 1926, with most of
6248-461: The route becoming U.S. Route 30 from Pennsylvania to Wyoming. After the Interstate Highway System was formed in the 1950s, the former alignments of the Lincoln Highway were largely superseded by Interstate 80 as the primary coast-to-coast route from the New York City area to San Francisco. Note: A fully interactive free online map of the entire Lincoln Highway and all of its re-alignments, markers, monuments and points of interest can be viewed at
6336-663: The route of the highway. One of the statues was given to Joy in 1914. Joy's statue was later presented to the Detroit Area Council of the Boy Scouts of America . That statue was as of 2012 on display at D-bar-A Scout Ranch in Metamora, Michigan . There is another statue of Lincoln in the main entrance of Lincoln Park (Jersey City) . In 1959, Robert Russin erected the Abraham Lincoln Memorial Monument at
6424-545: The same day LHA headquarters were established in Detroit. After 34 days of Iowa mud pits, sand drifts in Nevada and Utah , overheated radiators , flooded roads, cracked axles, and enthusiastic greetings in every town that thought it had a chance of being on the new highway, the tour arrived for a parade down San Francisco's Market Street before thousands of cheering residents. The Trail-Blazers returned to Indianapolis by train, and
6512-612: The section from Teaneck to Fort Lee was resigned as I-95, and it is the latter roadway that enters New York City via the George Washington Bridge . I-80's designated end (as per signage and New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) documents) is four miles (6.4 km) short of New York City in Teaneck, before the Degraw Avenue overpass. There, signs designate the end of I-80 and the beginning of I-95/New Jersey Turnpike northbound. One section of I-80 running from Netcong to Denville
6600-494: The seedling miles were intended "to demonstrate the desirability of this permanent type of road construction" to rally public support for government-backed construction. The LHA convinced industry of their self-interest and was able to arrange donations of materials from the Portland Cement Association. The first seedling mile (1.6 km) was built in 1914 west of Malta, Illinois ; but, after years of experience,
6688-613: The state of Colorado , without entering the state. The intersection of I-76 and I-80 is visible from the Colorado–Nebraska state line. From its intersection with I-76 to Grand Island , I-80 lies in the valley of the South Platte River and the Platte River . The longest straight stretch of Interstate anywhere in the Interstate Highway System is the approximately 72 miles (116 km) of I-80 occurring between exit 318 in
6776-494: The time, the country had about 2.2 million miles (3,500,000 km) of rural roads, of which a mere 8.66% (190,476 miles or 306,541 kilometres) had "improved" surfaces: gravel, stone, sand-clay, brick, shells, oiled earth, etc. Interstate roads were considered a luxury, something only for wealthy travelers who could spend weeks riding around in their automobiles. Support for a system of improved interstate highways had been growing. For example, in 1911, Champ Clark , Speaker of
6864-438: The tour's passage had meant their towns would be on the Highway. Less than half the selected route was improved roadway. As segments were improved over time, the route length was reduced by about 250 miles (400 km). Several segments of the Lincoln Highway route followed historic roads: The LHA dedicated the route on October 31, 1913. Bonfires, fireworks, concerts, parades, and street dances were held in hundreds of cities in
6952-512: Was championed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower , influenced by his experiences as a young soldier crossing the country in the 1919 Army Convoy on the Lincoln Highway. Today, Interstate 80 (I-80) is the cross-country highway most closely aligned with the Lincoln Highway. In the West, particularly in Wyoming, Utah and California, sections of I-80 are paved directly over old alignments of the Lincoln Highway. The Lincoln Highway Association , originally established in 1913 to plan, promote, and sign
7040-401: Was constructed in 1958. I-80 was included in the original plan for the Interstate Highway System as approved in 1956. The highway was built in segments, with the final piece of I-80 completed in 1986 on the western edge of Salt Lake City . This piece was coincidentally dedicated close to the 30th birthday of the Interstate Highway System, which was noted at the dedication and considered to be
7128-572: Was inspired by the Good Roads Movement and the National Old Trails Road . In turn, the success of the Lincoln Highway and the resulting economic boost to the governments, businesses and citizens along its route inspired the creation of many other named long-distance roads (known as National Auto Trails ), such as the Yellowstone Trail , Dixie Highway , Jefferson Highway , Bankhead Highway , Jackson Highway , Meridian Highway and Victory Highway . Many of these named highways were supplanted by
7216-482: Was living in a modest cottage on Miami Beach. His last project was the development of the Caribbean Club on Key Largo as a fishing club for men who were far from wealthy. Eight years after his death, the Caribbean Club became famous as a purported " on location " filming site for the 1948 film Key Largo starring Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall . In fact, only that film's initial exterior shots were filmed in
7304-400: Was making the old road associations less important, but the LHA still had significant influence. The Secretary of the Joint Board, BPR official E. W. James, went to Detroit to gain LHA support for the numbering scheme, knowing it would be hard for smaller road associations to object if the LHA publicly supported the new plan. The LHA preferred numbering the existing named routes, but in the end
7392-421: Was not yet the imagined "rock highway" from coast to coast when the LHA ceased operating, as there were many segments that had still not been paved. Some parts were because of reroutings, such as a dispute in the early 1920s with Utah officials that forced the LHA to change routes in western Utah and eastern Nevada. Construction was underway on the final unpaved 42-mile (68 km) segment by the 25th anniversary of
7480-403: Was noted a month later in a July 3, 1938, nationwide radio broadcast on NBC Radio . The program featured interviews with a number of LHA officials, and a message from Carl Fisher read by an announcer in Detroit. Fisher's statement included: The Lincoln Highway Association has accomplished its primary purpose, that of providing an object lesson to show the possibility in highway transportation and
7568-482: Was opened in 1986. The second-longest Interstate Highway in the United States after I-90 , it runs through many major cities, including Oakland , Sacramento , Reno , Salt Lake City , Omaha , Des Moines , and Toledo and passes within 10 miles (16 km) of Chicago , Cleveland , and New York City . I-80 is the Interstate Highway that most closely approximates the route of the historic Lincoln Highway ,
7656-665: Was the Essex and Hudson Lincoln Highway, running along the former Newark Plank Road from Newark, New Jersey , to Jersey City, New Jersey . It was dedicated on December 13, 1913 at the request of the Associated Automobile Clubs of New Jersey and the Newark Motor Club, and was named after the two counties it passed through. To bring attention to the highway, Fisher commissioned statues of Abraham Lincoln, titled The Great Emancipator , to be placed in key locations along
7744-466: Was the manufacturer of Prest-O-Lite carbide-gas headlights used on most early cars, and was also one of the principal investors who built the Indianapolis Motor Speedway . He believed that the popularity of automobiles was dependent on good roads. In 1912, he began promoting his dream of a transcontinental highway and at a September 10 dinner meeting with industry friends in Indianapolis , he called for
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