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62-454: A card security code ( CSC ; also known as CVC , CVV , or several other names ) is a series of numbers that, in addition to the bank card number , is printed (but not embossed ) on a credit or debit card . The CSC is used as a security feature for card not present transactions , where a personal identification number (PIN) cannot be manually entered by the cardholder (as they would during point-of-sale or card present transactions). It

124-559: A "2" (222100–272099). The "2" series BINs will be processed the same as the "51–55" series BINs are today. They became active 14 October 2016. On 23 July 2014 JSC NSPK was established in the Russian Federation. The joint stock company National System of Payment Cards (NSPK) is the operator of the Mir National Payment System. The main initiatives of NSPK are to create the national payment system infrastructure and to issue

186-437: A "solutions partner" for the business market, and placing a stronger focus on its B2B-oriented delivery and e-commerce businesses. In May 2017, the chain began a new advertising campaign with the slogan "It's Pro Time", which largely downplayed its retail operations. In 2017, Sycamore Partners acquired Staples for $ 6.9 billion, of which $ 1.6 billion was funded as equity, with the remaining deal value raised as debt. As part of

248-553: A $ 1 billion one-time dividend for the private equity firm. A Bloomberg report on this refinancing noted that the deal allowed Sycamore to recover roughly 80% of its equity investment in Staples in less than two years, compared to the typical profit-taking exit timeframe of five to eight years for most private equity buyouts. That month, Staples also unveiled a new logo, which features an icon representing both an unused staple and an office desk. The company also announced that it would introduce

310-557: A 19-digit Visa card (ADVT 6.1.1 Test Case 2) and Discover Card (E2E Test Plan v1.3, Test Case 06). Bank card numbers issued by Canadian banks also follow a pattern for their systems: To reduce the risk of credit card fraud , various techniques are used to prevent the dissemination of bank card numbers. These include: Staples Inc. Staples Inc. is an American office supply retail company headquartered in Framingham, Massachusetts . Founded by Leo Kahn and Thomas G. Stemberg ,

372-484: A card has been brought into question. Contactless card and chip cards may electronically generate their own code, such as iCVV or a dynamic CVV.366 The codes have different names: There are several types of security codes and PVV (all generated from DES key in the bank in HSM modules using PAN , expiration date and service code): The card security code is typically the last three or four digits printed, not embossed like

434-500: A card number (including the initial MII digit) are known as the issuer identification number (IIN). These identify the card issuing institution that issued the card to the card holder. The rest of the number is allocated by the card issuer. The card number's length is its number of digits. Many card issuers print the entire IIN and account number on their card. In some circumstances, the issuer identification number (IIN) or bank identification number (BIN) may not be licensed directly from

496-518: A card's IIN indicates a bank in one country, while the customer's billing address is in another, the transaction may call for extra scrutiny. On 8 November 2004, Mastercard and Diners Club formed an alliance. Diners Club cards issued in Canada and the United States start with 54 or 55 and are treated as Mastercards worldwide. International cards use the 36 prefix and are treated as Mastercards in Canada and

558-549: A character named "Coach Tom" to promote its "Gift it for Free" sweepstakes, in which 10,000 Staples customers won up to $ 5,000 in merchandise. In August 2002, the company started the Staples Foundation for Learning, which supports youth groups and education . It also is a partner of Boys & Girls Clubs of America , Ashoka, Earth Force, Initiative for a Competitive Inner City, Hispanic Heritage Foundation and through Staples, ReadBoston. In August 2005, Staples introduced

620-776: A cyberattack that temporarily disrupted their online ordering system. The type of cyberattack is unknown, it is possible that customer information was stolen. Staples is still working to restore its systems and has not yet released a full statement on the incident. In addition to selling office supplies, business machines, and tech services, Staples also offers a copy and print center for photocopies , scans, digital printing , faxing , custom business cards , custom rubber stamps , promotional products , binding, lamination , folding, cutting and engraved products. While many products can be produced in-store, larger, more complex jobs, or jobs requiring special materials such as PVC signs are routed to production facilities in various locations through

682-537: A database of transactions is compromised , the CVV2 is not present and the stolen card numbers are less useful. Virtual terminals and payment gateways do not store the CVV2 code; therefore, employees and customer service representatives with access to these web-based payment interfaces, who otherwise have access to complete card numbers, expiration dates, and other information, still lack the CVV2 code. The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) also prohibits

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744-458: A fictitious button with 'magical' properties, featured in their television advertisement campaign. However, when the adverts appeared, customers began contacting the company to inquire how they could buy one. The company responded by making the "Easy Button" a real product (available in English "easy", French "simple", Spanish "fácil" and German "einfach easy"). These buttons were shipped to stores in

806-607: A national payment card, Mir. Effective 1 October 2006, Discover began using the entire 65 prefix, not just 650. Also, similar to the Mastercard/Diners agreement, China UnionPay cards are now treated as Discover cards and accepted on the Discover network. While the vast majority of Visa's account ranges describe 16 digit card numbers there are still a few account ranges (forty as of 11 December 2013) dedicated to 13 digit PANs and several (439 as of 11 December2013) account ranges where

868-414: A new brand retaining the Staples chain's red and white color scheme. In August 2018, the chain closed some of its stores under a company voluntary arrangement , and underwent a management buyout the following month. In March 2019, Office Outlet went into administration , citing that it had "recently experienced a reduction in credit from key suppliers, given the economic outlook which has severely impacted

930-429: A new line of store brands , including Tru Red, Coastwide Professional (facility supplies), NXT Technologies (technology accessories), Perk (office break room supplies), and Union & Scale (furniture), as well as a new catalog known as The Loop . With the rebranding, then CEO Sandy Douglas (who joined the company in 2018) stated that Staples was now being marketed as a "worklife fulfillment" company, which he explained

992-470: A pattern of card fraud (suggesting that several Staples office supply locations in the Northeastern United States were dealing with a data breach). At the time, Staples would say only that it was investigating "a potential issue" and had contacted law enforcement. On December 19, 2014, Staples reported that criminals had deployed malware to point-of-sale systems at 115 of their retail stores in

1054-411: A plan to once again acquire Office Depot , which itself had recently acquired OfficeMax in a bid to compete against Staples. CEO Ron Sargent stated that this purchase would "[enable] Staples to provide more value to customers, and more effectively compete in a rapidly evolving competitive environment", and would result in at least $ 1 billion in "cost synergies" within three years. It was reported that

1116-502: A popular meme on the Internet , and the ad itself was parodied in a 2002 Christmas advertisement for Dell Computers, in which a robot hassles a shopper (including striking him with a candy cane ) when he attempts to purchase a PC at an unnamed office supplies retailer. Another advertisement style is used during its annual back-to-school campaign, in which the Christmas song " It's

1178-434: A result, the sale was called off, and Staples was required to pay a $ 250 million breakup fee . In November 2016, it was announced that Staples had sold its 106 British stores to Hilco Capital for a "nominal" amount, as part of an effort to streamline its international operations following the failed merger. Hilco stated that it would discontinue the Staples brand in the region; the stores were rebranded as "Office Outlet",

1240-452: A separate coupon, monthly, instead of the normal quarterly rewards check. Most customers are able to trade in ten per month for credit, whilst Staples Plus and Premier Rewards members are able to trade in twenty per month. As of February 28, 2013, Staples announced that in order to receive $ 2 per ink cartridge recycled, customers would be required to spend at least $ 30 at Staples in ink purchases within 180 days of recycling. A 2012 study by

1302-615: A sizeable rooftop solar installation. Staples has also recently implemented power reduction strategies in all of their Copy & Print Centers, where the copiers enter sleep mode in as little as 15 minutes after use. This technique will save Staples nearly $ 1 million a year in reduced energy costs and prevent over 11 million pounds of carbon dioxide from being released into the atmosphere. In November 2014, Staples partnered with EnergySage to give Staples giftcards to homeowners and businesses that installed solar panels. Staples accepts all used ink and toner cartridges for recycling. Prior to 2008,

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1364-436: A suspected data breach at retailers served by online photo software from PNI – Staples' recent acquisition. The first reported victim was Walmart Canada, followed by CVS, Rite-Aid, Costco US, Costco Canada and Tesco UK. During the period July 13 to 28, 2015, Staples Inc share price fell from $ 15.59 to $ 13.97, a 10% fall which reflected a reduction in Staples market value of almost $ 1bn. In late 2023, Staples experienced

1426-522: A two-year campaign targeting the company, Staples adopted an environmentally friendly paper policy, in hopes of increasing the amount of post-consumer recycled paper made available for sale, phasing out products originating from endangered forests. The Hanover, Maryland fulfillment center is powered by a 1.01 megawatt solar installation covering nearly 175,000 square feet (16,300 m ) of roof space. Its Savi Ranch store in Yorba Linda, California also has

1488-414: Is shown behind the cart, saying, "The song goes 'School's out for summer'. Nice try, though." The hit song then plays as supplies are shown. The tagline, "That was easy", is heard playing over the company logo, formed to resemble a stapler . During the 2008 holiday season, Staples advertising for the first time engaged Facebook , Twitter , YouTube , and other social media platforms. The company created

1550-547: The Wall Street Journal found that Staples displayed different prices to customers in different locations (distinct from shipping prices), based on proximity to competitors like OfficeMax and Office Depot . This generally resulted in higher prices for customers in more rural areas, who were on average less wealthy than customers seeing lower prices. KrebsOnSecurity reported a suspected breach at Staples on October 20, 2014, after hearing multiple banks had identified

1612-454: The Christmas seasons from 1995 until 2001. The Sno-Bot was a robot shaped like a snowman who refuses to let go of the inkjet printer he has fallen in love with. After the printer is wrestled from his grasp, the robot utters a monotone "Weeping. Weeping." He is consoled by a Staples employee who offers him a surge protector or a computer mouse (depending on the ad) instead. The robot's "Weeping. Weeping." catchphrase briefly became

1674-480: The issuer identification number (IIN) sometimes referred to as the bank identification number (BIN). The remaining numbers, except the last digit, are the individual account identification number. The last digit is the Luhn check digit. IINs and PANs have a certain level of internal structure and share a common numbering scheme set by ISO/IEC 7812. The parts of the number are as follows: The first six or eight digits of

1736-582: The "Easy Button", a novelty item for offices which is advertised as a fun way of relieving stress. The button does nothing other than say "That was easy" when pressed. The first US$ 1 million of profits each year from the Easy Button are donated to the Boys & Girls Clubs of America. As of December 2006, it was sold for $ 4.99 to $ 6.99 in all US and Canadian stores (where profits go to Special Olympics in Canada) and on

1798-539: The Boston area, while elements of the concept will be implemented chain-wide. As part of a partnership with radio broadcaster iHeartMedia , Staples also added recording studios intended for podcasting to six of these stores, with access to recording engineers and a partnership with Spreaker to offer discounted hosting and distribution services to its customers. Throughout most of the company's history, Staples employed, in its American commercials and advertising promotions,

1860-557: The Most Wonderful Time of the Year " is played while a father joyously shops for school supplies for his sullen-faced children, used for several years from 1995 until 2005. Later, Alice Cooper appeared in a back-to-school campaign from August 2004. Within the ad, a hand is seen selecting various supplies while a girl (played by Madeleine Martin ) looks on unhappily. She finally says, "I thought you said, 'School's out forever. ' " Alice

1922-609: The Northeast. In August 2006, Ahold announced the addition of the Staples section to all Tops Friendly Markets locations as well. In 2008, Staples acquired Dutch office supplies company Corporate Express , one of the largest office supply wholesalers in the world. On March 6, 2014, Staples announced it would close up to 225 stores in North America by the end of 2015, in order to cut $ 500 million in costs annually, and focus more on e-commerce. On February 4, 2015, Staples announced

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1984-519: The Staples name, separating its U.S. retail operations, and Canadian retail operations, from the B2B business. Staples was founded by Leo Kahn and Thomas G. Stemberg , who were former rivals in the New England retail supermarket industry, and Myra Hart . The idea for Staples originated in 1985, while Stemberg was working on a proposal for a different business. He needed a ribbon for his printer, but

2046-436: The United States, Canada and Germany starting in the fall of 2005. Sales of the buttons reached 1.5 million by the end of 2006. The button has been referred to as a "Marketer's Dream", effectively turning millions of Staples customers into advertisers, resulting in greatly increased brand recognition. The Staples Sno-Bot was an advertising character that appeared in the United States, in television and print advertising during

2108-682: The United States, IINs are also used in NCPDP pharmacy claims to identify processors, and are printed on all pharmacy insurance cards. IINs are the primary routing mechanism for real-time claims. The ISO Register of Issuer Identification Numbers database is managed by the American Bankers Association . ABA is the Registration Authority for this standard and is responsible for allocating IINs to issuers. Online merchants may use IIN lookups to help validate transactions. For example, if

2170-441: The United States, but are treated as Diners Club cards elsewhere. Diners Club International's website makes no reference to old 38 prefix numbers, and they can be presumed reissued under the 55 or 36 IIN prefix. Effective 16 October 2009, Diners Club cards beginning with 30, 36, 38 or 39 have been processed by Discover Card. On 3 November 2014, Mastercard announced that they were introducing a new series of BIN ranges that begin with

2232-440: The United States. At 113 stores, the malware may have allowed access to this data for purchases made from August 10, 2014, through September 16, 2014. At two stores, the malware may have allowed access to data from purchases made from July 20, 2014, through September 16, 2014. Overall, the company believed that approximately 1.16 million payment cards may have been affected. On July 14, 2015, Numerous news outlets started to report

2294-518: The back of the card, to the right of the signature box. The CSC for American Express is a four-digit code on the front of the card above the account number. See the figures to the right for examples. CSC was originally developed in the UK as an eleven-character alphanumeric code by Equifax employee Michael Stone in 1995. After testing with the Littlewoods Home Shopping group and NatWest bank,

2356-405: The bank card number and expiration date (two fields printed on the card) with encryption keys known only to the card issuer, and decimalising the result (in a similar manner to a hash function ). As a security measure, merchants who require the CVV2 for " card not present " transactions are required by the card issuer not to store the CVV2 once the individual transaction is authorized. This way, if

2418-406: The card number, on the signature strip on the back of the card. On American Express cards, however, the card security code is the four digits printed (not embossed) on the front towards the right. The card security code is not encoded on the magnetic stripe but is printed flat. The CSC for each card (form 1 and 2) is generated by the card issuer when the card is issued. It is calculated by encrypting

2480-524: The card. Limitations include: Bank card number The payment card number differs from the Business Identifier Code (BIC/ISO 9362, a normalized code—also known as Business Identifier Code, Bank International Code or SWIFT code). It also differs from Universal Payment Identification Code , another identifier for a bank account in the United States. Payment card numbers are composed of 8 to 19 digits, The leading six or eight digits are

2542-542: The code. For American Express cards, this has been an invariable practice (for "card not present" transactions) in European Union (EU) countries like Ireland and the United Kingdom since the start of 2005. This provides a level of protection to the bank/cardholder, in that a fraudulent merchant or employee cannot simply capture the magnetic stripe details of a card and use them later for "card not present" purchases over

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2604-501: The company opened its first store in Brighton, Massachusetts on May 1, 1986. By 1996, it had reached the Fortune 500 , and it later acquired the office supplies company Quill Corporation . In 2014, in the wake of increasing competition from e-commerce market, Staples began to close some of its locations. In 2015, Staples announced its intent to acquire Office Depot and OfficeMax . However,

2666-667: The company's board of directors for the next 15 years, helping shape their business model. In 1991, Staples founded its Canadian subsidiary, The Business Depot , and began opening stores under that name, though over a decade later, all stores were renamed as "Staples". The first store opened in Vaughan , Ontario , north of Toronto. The following year, Staples began expanding into Europe, and opened its first British store in Swansea . On September 4, 1996, Staples and Office Depot announced plans to merge. The Federal Trade Commission decided that

2728-482: The company's website. Donations also went to the Children's Fund. Staples has reportedly sold more than $ 7.5 million worth of Easy Buttons. Staples is ranked in the top 25 of EPA's Green Power Partner list. In 2006, Staples offered more than 2,900 different office products incorporating recycled content. Staples is currently trying to pursue developing Staples brand products with green raw materials. In response to

2790-516: The concept was adopted by the UK Association for Payment Clearing Services (APACS) and streamlined to the three-digit code known today. Mastercard started issuing CVC2 numbers in 1997 and Visa in the United States issued them by 2001. American Express started to use the CSC in 1999, in response to growing Internet transactions and card member complaints of spending interruptions when the security of

2852-454: The deal could face antitrust scrutiny for its monopolization of the office supply market, unless growing competition against online retailers is considered a factor as well. In December, the FTC filed a lawsuit to halt the merger, arguing that it would harm competition in the commercial office supply market. and as of January 2016, the FTC has not changed its stance. At the end of January 2016, it

2914-469: The financial position of the company." In January 2021, Staples announced that it would again try to buy Office Depot. Their offer was turned down in June 2022. In 2022, Staples launched same-day passport photo services in over 1,000 stores and TSA PreCheck enrollment at select locations. Following the aborted acquisition of Office Depot, Staples began to reposition its operations by promoting itself as

2976-438: The issuer can mix 13 and 16 digit card numbers. Visa's VPay brand can specify PAN lengths from 13 to 19 digits and so card numbers of more than 16 digits are now being seen. Switch was re-branded as Maestro in mid-2007. In 2011, UK domestic Maestro (formerly Switch) was aligned with the standard international Maestro proposition with the retention of a few residual country specific rules. EMV Certification requires acceptance of

3038-523: The issuing network (such as Mastercard or Visa). Obtaining an IIN/BIN number can be costly, time consuming and demand intensive operational burdens on in-house regulatory and compliance teams. For this reason, some new card programmes may use a 'BIN sponsor', in which case the IIN/BIN number is effectively sub-licensed from a scheme regulated entity. This is known as BIN sponsorship, and is a popular way for financial institutions to fast-track access to market. In

3100-418: The merged company would unfairly increase office supply prices despite competition from OfficeMax , because OfficeMax did not have stores in many of the local markets that the merger would affect. Staples argued that chains such as Walmart and Circuit City represented significant competition, but this argument did little to sway the FTC. Following the denial of the merger by the FTC, a rivalry formed between

3162-496: The only cartridge brands that could be recycled were HP, Kodak, and Dell, and customers were given a $ 3 coupon for the store, with the maximum number of coupons to be given, or redeemed, at any one time being 25. Since 2009, ink recycling has been a part of the Staples Rewards program. Staples now gives back two dollars (Staples.com) on all ink cartridges and toners as of July 2010. Ink recycling credit comes to Rewards members as

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3224-418: The phone, mail order or Internet. To do this, a merchant or its employee would also have to note the CVV2 visually and record it, which is more likely to arouse the cardholder's suspicion. Supplying the CSC code in a transaction is intended to verify that the customer has the card in their possession. Knowledge of the code proves that the customer has seen the card, or has seen a record made by somebody who saw

3286-412: The purchase of Canada-based company, Claricom, from an investment group. The company was later sold to Platinum Equities and renamed NextiraOne. In 2002, Staples acquired Medical Arts Press, which became a subsidiary of Quill. In March 2005, Staples and Ahold announced a plan to include a Staples branded store-within-store section in all Stop & Shop Supermarkets and Giant Food stores throughout

3348-429: The purchase was blocked under antitrust grounds due to the consolidation that would result. After the failed acquisition, Staples began to refocus its operations to downplay its brick-and-mortar outlets and place more prominence on its business-to-business (B2B) services. In 2017, after its sale to Sycamore Partners , the company was effectively split into three "independently managed and capitalized" entities sharing

3410-485: The purchase, Sycamore implemented a major restructuring of the company, under which the chain's B2B business (Staples North American Delivery, also known as simply "Staples"), retail locations (Staples U.S. Retail), and Staples Canada would be split into three "independently managed and capitalized" entities under Sycamore. On April 9, 2019, Sycamore Partners conducted a dividend recapitalization , refinancing $ 5.4 billion in debt against its ownership of Staples, producing

3472-407: The slogan "Yeah, we've got that.", signifying their wide selection of products. This slogan was retired in 2003, to be replaced with "That was easy". Expanding on that theme, 2005 adverts featured a large red push-button marked "easy". In the United Kingdom, Staples had used the slogan "You want it. We've got it"; this changed to "That was Easy". Originally, the "Easy Button" was only intended to be

3534-423: The storage of CSC (and other sensitive authorisation data) post transaction authorisation. This applies globally to anyone who stores, processes or transmits card holder data. Since the CSC is not contained on the magnetic stripe of the card, it is not typically included in the transaction when the card is used face to face at a merchant. However, some merchants in North America, such as Sears and Staples , require

3596-531: The two companies. Staples acquired the naming rights for the Staples Center in Los Angeles shortly before construction began in 1998. Staples also acquired Quill Corporation , an online and catalog retailer of office supplies, for about $ 685 million in cash and stock. Between 1999 and 2001, unsuccessful attempts to enter the telecommunications business were made as Staples created Staples Communications after

3658-529: Was "about helping businesses of all sizes as they create the most dynamic and productive work environments for their teams." The following month, CEO Mike Motz (who joined the company in 2019 to head Staples U.S. Retail) unveiled a new store concept known as "Staples Connect": it is aligned with a similar store concept being trialed by Staples Canada, featuring "Staples Studio" co-working areas and an auditorium-style "Spotlight" theater (which can be rented for sessions and events). The new concept will be trialed in

3720-520: Was announced to employees that Staples would be laying off hundreds of workers at their headquarters location. The layoffs were seen by some analysts as a preemptive tactic in case the merger did not receive regulatory approval from the Federal Trade Commission. On May 10, 2016, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia granted the FTC a preliminary injunction against the merger. As

3782-401: Was instituted to reduce the incidence of credit card fraud . Unlike the card number, the CSC is deliberately not embossed, so that it is not read when using a mechanical credit card imprinter which will only pick up embossed numbers. These codes are in slightly different places for different card issuers. The CSC for Visa , Mastercard , and Discover credit cards is a three-digit number on

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3844-637: Was unable to obtain one because his local dealer was closed for the Independence Day holiday. A frustration with the reliance on small stores for critical supplies combined with Stemberg's background in the grocery business led to a vision for an office supply superstore . The first store was opened in the Brighton neighborhood of Boston in 1986. Staples started with backing from private equity firms including Bain Capital ; Bain co-founder Mitt Romney served on

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